CN113310440B - Curved surface roughness measuring equipment based on white light confocal sensor - Google Patents
Curved surface roughness measuring equipment based on white light confocal sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113310440B CN113310440B CN202110499843.0A CN202110499843A CN113310440B CN 113310440 B CN113310440 B CN 113310440B CN 202110499843 A CN202110499843 A CN 202110499843A CN 113310440 B CN113310440 B CN 113310440B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses curved surface roughness measuring equipment based on a white light confocal sensor, which comprises: the device comprises a base, a rotary support module, a workpiece clamping module, a measuring head component module and a calculation processing unit; a rotary support module is arranged above the base and is used for supporting the workpiece clamping module and the measuring head component module and realizing the rotation of the workpiece clamping module; a workpiece clamping module is arranged in the middle of the rotary supporting module to clamp and position the workpiece; the upper part of the rotary support module is provided with a measuring head component module which is used for controlling the vertical movement of the measuring head; the measuring head component module is connected with the calculation processing unit, and the integrated control and roughness measurement of the equipment are realized through the calculation processing unit. The roughness measurement of any part of the curved surface type part can be realized, and the relative portability of the equipment is realized so as to facilitate the transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of surface roughness measuring equipment, and particularly relates to curved surface roughness measuring equipment based on a white light confocal sensor.
Background
The surface roughness refers to the microscopic fluctuation with small space left on the processed surface in the mechanical processing due to factors such as cutting marks, surface tearing and extrusion, vibration, friction and the like, and is an important parameter for reflecting the microscopic appearance of the surface of the part, which can aggravate the friction and the abrasion of the part, influence the matching property of a matching part, influence the strength of the part, influence the corrosion resistance of the surface and the like.
At present, a contact pin contact type roughness measuring device and an optical non-contact measuring device are mainly adopted in a surface roughness measuring mode, the two types of measuring devices have high data accuracy, but are measured based on a marble platform, and the marble platform measuring device has the characteristics of large volume, heavy weight and difficulty in transportation, and the two types of devices cannot measure the roughness of the inner curved surface of a curved surface part due to the limitation of instrument structures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide curved surface roughness measuring equipment based on a white light confocal sensor, which can realize roughness measurement of any part of a curved surface part and relative portability of the equipment so as to facilitate transportation.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a curved surface roughness measuring apparatus based on a white light confocal sensor, the curved surface roughness measuring apparatus comprising: the device comprises a base, a rotary support module, a workpiece clamping module, a measuring head component module and a calculation processing unit; a rotary support module is arranged above the base and is used for supporting the workpiece clamping module and the measuring head component module and realizing the rotation of the workpiece clamping module; a workpiece clamping module is arranged in the middle of the rotary supporting module to clamp and position the workpiece; the upper part of the rotary support module is provided with a measuring head component module which is used for controlling the vertical movement of the measuring head; the measuring head component module is connected with the calculation processing unit, and the integrated control and the roughness measurement of the equipment are realized through the calculation processing unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the rotary support module comprises a left bracket, a worm wheel, a worm, a right bracket and two swiveling arms; the worm wheel and the worm are arranged on the left support, a rotating arm penetrates through a hole in the left support to be connected with the worm wheel, and the worm wheel is connected with the worm in a matched mode through a rack; the other rotating arm penetrates through the right bracket and is arranged on the right bracket; a workpiece clamping module is arranged between the two rotating arms, a worm wheel is driven by rotating the worm, the rotating arms are driven by the worm wheel, and the workpiece clamping module is rotated.
According to a preferred embodiment, the joints of the swivel arms and the holes of the left and right brackets are provided with rolling bearings.
According to a preferable embodiment, the contact surface of the left bracket and the worm wheel is provided with scale marks.
According to a preferred embodiment, the upper parts of the left bracket and the right bracket are provided with four guide rods for connecting the measuring head assembly modules.
According to a preferred embodiment, the workpiece clamping module comprises a positioning plate and a limiting plate, the positioning plate is arranged above the limiting plate and is connected with the limiting plate through screws, and the workpiece to be measured is arranged between the positioning plate and the limiting plate; and two ends of the positioning plate are respectively connected with the two rotating arms.
According to a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the positioning plate is provided with a round boss-shaped spigot; when the workpiece to be measured is of a hemispherical structure, the end face of the workpiece to be measured is buckled on the spigot, and the spherical center of the workpiece to be measured is positioned on the rotary axis of the positioning plate.
According to a preferred embodiment, the gauge head module comprises: the device comprises two supporting seats, a measuring head seat, a driving seat, a driver and a white light confocal sensor; the supporting seat is sleeved on the guide rod, the supporting plates are connected to the outer sides of the two supporting seats, the supporting seat is installed on the supporting plate, the lower portion of the supporting seat is connected with the driving seat through the fine adjustment guide rod and the fine adjustment screw rod, the driver is arranged below the driving seat, the driver and the white light confocal sensor are connected through the clamping piece, the driving seat is made to move up and down through rotating the fine adjustment screw rod, therefore, fine adjustment of the vertical position of the white light confocal sensor is achieved, and the white light confocal sensor is driven through the driver to conduct position adjustment in the horizontal direction.
According to a preferred embodiment, a locking rod and a locking block are arranged below the supporting seat, two ends of the locking rod point to the two guide rods respectively, the locking block is sleeved at two ends of the locking rod respectively, and the locking rod is connected with the locking block in a threaded fit manner; and the locking blocks at the two ends are driven to be close to or far away from the guide rod by rotating the locking rod, so that locking and loosening actions are realized.
According to a preferred embodiment, the driver and the white light confocal sensor are respectively connected with a computing processing unit, the computing processing unit is used for controlling the driver and controlling the white light confocal sensor to perform roughness measurement.
The main scheme and the further selection schemes can be freely combined to form a plurality of schemes which are all adopted and claimed by the invention; in the invention, the selection (each non-conflict selection) and other selections can be freely combined. The skilled person in the art can understand that there are many combinations, which are all the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, according to the prior art and the common general knowledge after understanding the scheme of the present invention, and the technical solutions are not exhaustive herein.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the roughness detection equipment realizes the clamping of a workpiece through the positioning plate and the limiting plate, realizes the rotation of the workpiece at any angle through the worm gear mechanism, and realizes the detection of any surface roughness of curved surface parts by adjusting the vertical position of the white light confocal sensor through the locking rod and the fine adjustment screw rod, thereby solving the problem that the conventional roughness equipment cannot measure an inner curved surface; the conventional roughness equipment is provided with a marble workbench, is large in size, heavy in weight and inconvenient to transport, does not need the marble workbench, is measured through a support type structure, is small in size and light in weight, and is disassembled and placed in a draw-bar box for transport during transport, so that relative portability is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface roughness measuring apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary support module in the curved surface roughness measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece clamping module in the curved surface roughness measurement device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe module in the curved surface roughness measurement device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation of the surface roughness measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state of use of the surface roughness measuring apparatus of the present invention;
the measuring tool comprises a base 1, a rotating support module 2, a left support 21, a worm wheel 22, a worm 23, a worm 24, two rotating arms 25, a right support 25, a hole 210, a scale mark 211, a workpiece clamping module 3, a positioning plate 31, a spigot 310, a limiting plate 32, a screw 33, a measuring head assembly module 4, a supporting seat 41, a locking rod 42, a locking block 43, a supporting plate 44, a measuring head seat 45, a driving seat 46, a fine adjustment guide rod 47, a fine adjustment screw 48, a driver 49 and a driver 49-1: holder, 49-2: a white light confocal sensor.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships that are usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, it should be noted that, in the present invention, if the specific structures, connection relationships, position relationships, power source relationships, and the like are not written in particular, the structures, connection relationships, position relationships, power source relationships, and the like related to the present invention can be known by those skilled in the art without creative work on the basis of the prior art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a curved surface roughness measuring device based on a white light confocal sensor, which comprises: the device comprises a base 1, a rotary support module 2, a workpiece clamping module 3, a measuring head component module 4 and a calculation processing unit.
Preferably, a rotation support module 2 is arranged above the base 1 and is used for supporting the workpiece clamping module 3 and the measuring head assembly module 4 and realizing rotation of the workpiece clamping module 3. The middle of the rotary supporting module 2 is provided with a workpiece clamping module 3, so that clamping and positioning of workpieces are realized. And the upper part of the rotary support module 2 is provided with a measuring head component module 4 for controlling the vertical movement of the measuring head. The measuring head component module 4 is connected with a calculation processing unit, and the integrated control and roughness measurement of the equipment are realized through the calculation processing unit.
Preferably, the rotation support module 2 includes a left bracket 21, a worm wheel 22, a worm 23, a right bracket 25, and two swivel arms 24.
Preferably, the worm wheel 22 and the worm 23 are disposed on the left bracket 21. A rotating arm 24 penetrates through a hole 210 on the left bracket 21 to be connected with the worm wheel 22, and the worm wheel 22 is connected with the worm 23 in a matching way through a rack. The other swivel arm 24 penetrates the right bracket 25 and is disposed on the right bracket 25. The workpiece clamping module 3 is arranged between the two rotating arms 24, the worm wheel 22 is driven by rotating the worm 23, and the rotating arms are driven by the worm wheel 22, so that the workpiece clamping module 3 rotates.
Preferably, a rolling bearing is provided at the junction of the swivel arm 24 and the holes 210 of the left and right brackets. Thereby reducing friction between the swivel arm 24 and the bracket.
Furthermore, a scale mark 211 is arranged on the contact surface of the left bracket 21 and the worm wheel 22. The graduation mark 211 helps to realize accurate positioning of the rotation angle.
Preferably, four guide rods 26 are mounted on the upper portions of the left and right brackets 21 and 25 for connecting the gauge head module 4. The supporting of the measuring head assembly module 4 is realized.
Preferably, the workpiece clamping module 3 includes a positioning plate 31 and a limiting plate 32, the positioning plate 31 is disposed above the limiting plate 32 and connected to each other by a screw 33, and the workpiece to be measured is disposed between the positioning plate 31 and the limiting plate 32. Thereby realizing the clamping of the workpiece to be measured. And two ends of the positioning plate 31 are respectively connected with the two rotating arms 24.
Preferably, the bottom of the positioning plate 31 is provided with a circular boss-shaped spigot 310. When the workpiece to be measured is of a hemispherical structure, the end face of the workpiece to be measured is fastened to the seam allowance 310, and the spherical center of the workpiece to be measured is located on the rotation axis of the positioning plate 31.
Specifically, the positioning plate 31 is positioned with the workpiece through the seam allowance 310, so as to ensure that the center of the sphere of the hemispherical workpiece is located on the rotation axis of the positioning plate 31. When the worm wheel 22 and the worm 23 mechanism drive the rotating arm 24 to rotate, the positioning plate 31 rotates, the rotation axis of the positioning plate 31 does not move in the rotating process, the center of the workpiece sphere is positioned on the rotation axis of the positioning plate 31, and the spatial position of the workpiece sphere is not changed all the time. By this design it is ensured that only one positioning of the vertical position of the sensor 49-2 is needed when measuring different positions of the workpiece.
Preferably, the gauge head module 4 includes: two supporting seats 41, a measuring head seat 45, a driving seat 46, a driver 49 and a white light confocal sensor 49-2.
Preferably, the supporting seats 41 are sleeved on the guide rods 26, and supporting plates 44 are connected to the outer sides of the two supporting seats 41. The supporting plate 44 is provided with a measuring head seat 45, the lower part of the measuring head seat 45 is connected with a driving seat 46 through a fine adjustment guide rod 47 and a fine adjustment screw rod 48, a driver 49 is arranged below the driving seat 46, and the driver 49 is connected with a white light confocal sensor 49-2 through a clamping piece 49-1. The fine adjustment screw 48 is rotated to move the driving base 46 up and down, so that the fine adjustment of the vertical position of the white light confocal sensor 49-2 is realized, and the driver 49 drives the white light confocal sensor 49-2 to perform position adjustment in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, a locking rod 42 and a locking block 43 are arranged below the supporting seat 41. Two ends of the locking rod 42 respectively point to the two guide rods 26, two ends of the locking rod 42 are respectively sleeved with a locking block 43, and the locking rod 42 is connected with the locking block 43 in a threaded fit mode. And the locking blocks 43 at the two ends are driven to be close to or far away from the guide rod by rotating the locking rod 42, so that locking and unlocking actions are realized. Further, the coarse adjustment of the vertical position of the sensor 49-2 is achieved by adjusting the up-and-down movement of the entire head module 4 on the guide bar 26.
Preferably, the driver 49 and the white light confocal sensor are respectively connected with a computing and processing unit, the computing and processing unit is used for controlling the driver 49 and controlling the white light confocal sensor 49-2 to measure the roughness.
The curved surface roughness measuring equipment based on the white light confocal sensor does not need a marble workbench, but measures through a bracket type structure, is small in size and light in weight, is convenient to disassemble and assemble because the base 1, the workpiece clamping module 2, the rotary supporting module 3 and the measuring head component module 4 of the equipment are connected through threads, and can be transported in a draw-bar box by disassembling and placing a plurality of modules in the transportation process, so that the relative portability can be realized.
Referring to fig. 5, the measurement process of the curved surface roughness measurement device based on the white light confocal sensor is as follows:
firstly, clamping and positioning a workpiece. A workpiece 34 is placed on the positioning plate 31 for clamping, the worm 23 is rotated to drive the whole workpiece clamping module 3 to rotate, and the part to be measured of the workpiece 34 is rotated to the position below the sensor 49-2;
and secondly, positioning the sensor. The locking rod 42 is adjusted to roughly adjust the vertical position of the white light confocal sensor 49-2, so that the distance between the white light confocal sensor 49-2 and the part to be measured is about 50mm; the vertical position of the white light confocal sensor 49-2 is finely adjusted by adjusting the fine adjustment screw rod 48, so that the distance between the white light confocal sensor 49-2 and the part to be measured is in the measuring range of the white light confocal sensor 49-2;
and thirdly, measuring. The measurement is started through the calculation processing unit, the driver 49 drives the white light confocal sensor 49-2 to perform scanning measurement on the measured surface at a certain distance in the measurement process, the microscopic morphology data of the measured surface is collected, the calculation processing unit analyzes and processes the data to obtain roughness data, and the data is automatically stored to complete the measurement.
Fourthly, when measuring the other part of the workpiece, only the worm 23 needs to be rotated to rotate the part of the workpiece to be measured to the lower part of the white light confocal sensor 49-2, and the white light confocal sensor 49-2 does not need to be positioned, so that the measurement can be directly carried out.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of the detection apparatus for measuring curved surface parts, the white light confocal sensor 49-2 extends to the inner curved surface of the workpiece through the groove on the positioning plate 31, so as to measure the roughness of any position of the inner curved surface; a groove is formed in the limiting plate 32, so that any position of the outer curved surface of the workpiece can be measured.
The foregoing basic embodiments of the invention and their various further alternatives can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are contemplated and claimed herein. In the scheme of the invention, each selection example can be combined with any other basic example and selection example at will. Numerous combinations will be known to those skilled in the art.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A curved surface roughness measuring device based on a white light confocal sensor, characterized in that the curved surface roughness measuring device comprises: the device comprises a base (1), a rotary support module (2), a workpiece clamping module (3), a measuring head component module (4) and a calculation processing unit;
a rotary supporting module (2) is arranged above the base (1) and is used for supporting the workpiece clamping module (3) and the measuring head component module (4) and realizing the rotation of the workpiece clamping module (3);
a workpiece clamping module (3) is arranged in the middle of the rotary supporting module (2) to clamp and position a workpiece;
the upper part of the rotary support module (2) is provided with a measuring head component module (4) for controlling the vertical movement of the measuring head;
the measuring head component module (4) is connected with the calculation processing unit (5), and the integrated control and roughness measurement of the equipment are realized through the calculation processing unit (5);
the rotary support module (2) comprises a left bracket (21), a worm wheel (22), a worm (23), a right bracket (25) and two rotating arms (24);
the worm wheel (22) and the worm (23) are arranged on the left support (21), a rotating arm (24) penetrates through a hole (210) in the left support (21) and is connected with the worm wheel (22), and the worm wheel (22) and the worm (23) are connected in a matched mode through a rack;
the other rotating arm (24) penetrates through the right bracket (25) and is arranged on the right bracket (25);
a workpiece clamping module (3) is arranged between the two rotating arms (24), a worm (23) is rotated to drive a worm wheel (22), and the rotating arms (24) are driven by the worm wheel (22), so that the workpiece clamping module (3) rotates.
2. The curved surface roughness measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a rolling bearing is provided at a junction of the swivel arm (24) and the holes (210) of the left and right brackets.
3. The curved surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a scale mark (211) is provided on a contact surface of the left bracket (21) and the worm wheel (22).
4. The curved surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the upper portions of the left bracket (21) and the right bracket (25) are provided with four guide rods (26) for connecting the gauge head assembly module (4).
5. The curved surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece clamping module (3) comprises a positioning plate (31) and a limiting plate (32),
the positioning plate (31) is arranged above the limiting plate (32) and connected with each other through a screw (33), and a workpiece to be measured is arranged between the positioning plate (31) and the limiting plate (32); and two ends of the positioning plate (31) are respectively connected with the two rotating arms (24).
6. The curved surface roughness measuring equipment according to claim 5, wherein the bottom of the positioning plate (31) is provided with a round boss-shaped spigot (310);
when the workpiece to be measured is of a hemispherical structure, the end face of the workpiece to be measured is buckled on the spigot (310), and the spherical center of the workpiece to be measured is positioned on the rotation axis of the positioning plate (31).
7. The surface roughness measurement device according to claim 4, wherein the gauge head module (4) comprises:
two supporting seats (41), a measuring head seat (45), a driving seat (46), a driver (49) and a white light confocal sensor (49-2);
the supporting seats (41) are sleeved on the guide rod (26), the supporting plates (44) are connected to the outer sides of the two supporting seats (41), the measuring head seats (45) are mounted on the supporting plates (44), the lower parts of the measuring head seats (45) are connected with the driving seats (46) through fine adjustment guide rods (47) and fine adjustment screw rods (48),
a driver (49) is arranged below the driving seat (46), the driver (49) is connected with the white light confocal sensor (49-2) through a clamping piece (49-1),
the fine adjustment screw rod (48) is rotated to enable the driving seat (46) to move up and down, so that the fine adjustment of the vertical position of the white light confocal sensor (49-2) is realized, and the driver (49) drives the white light confocal sensor (49-2) to perform position adjustment in the horizontal direction.
8. The curved surface roughness measurement device according to claim 7, wherein a locking rod (42) and a locking block (43) are arranged below the support base (41), two ends of the locking rod (42) respectively point to the two guide rods (26), two ends of the locking rod (42) are respectively sleeved with the locking block (43), and the locking rod (42) is in fit connection with the locking block (43) through threads;
and the locking blocks (43) at two ends are driven to be close to or far away from the guide rod (26) by rotating the locking rod (42), so that locking and loosening actions are realized.
9. The surface roughness measuring apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the driver (49) and the white light confocal sensor (49-2) are connected to the calculation processing unit (5), respectively,
the computing processing unit (5) controls the driver (49) and controls the white light confocal sensor (49-2) to measure the roughness.
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