Magnetic suspension polished rod sealer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a magnetic suspension polish rod sealer.
Background
At present, polish rod sealers used in oil extraction sites in the oil industry are various in types, and the shapes and the sizes of various polish rod sealers are different, but the use of the existing sealer brings much trouble to oil extraction site management.
In the middle and later stages of development of oil fields at the present stage, a water well with high water content, scaling, corrosion, a polymer injection well and a thickened oil gas injection thermal production well are provided, a packing of a polished rod sealer is frequently worn out by a polished rod, the service life is short, the sealing is not tight, oil, gas and water are leaked, the periphery of crude oil loss and environmental pollution are caused, the packing needs to be frequently replaced, and after an oil extraction worker replaces the packing, well mouth equipment needs to be timely cleaned, so that the labor intensity is high, and the working efficiency is low. In addition, the pumping unit is easy to shift in position in the long-term production process, and eccentric wear of the polish rod on the packing box is formed, so that the abrasion of the polish rod and the packing sealing element is aggravated, the leakage probability of oil, gas and water is increased, and the potential safety hazard, the production cost and the labor intensity are increased.
Aiming at the related technical problems, no comprehensive and effective solution is provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a magnetic suspension polish rod sealer aiming at the technical defects of the existing polish rod sealer.
The lower part of the polished rod sealer is provided with an offset and inclination adjusting device and a hard seal, the offset and inclination adjustment are realized through an upper offset adjusting body, a lower offset adjusting body and an eccentric ball, the polished rod is centered at any time, the first axial sealing of the polished rod is completed through the hard seal, the vertical follow-up property of the polished rod is ensured through the offset and inclination adjusting device, the friction is reduced, the service life of the seal is prolonged, the labor force is saved, and the working efficiency is improved; the middle part of the sealer is provided with an upper magnet, a floating magnet, a lower magnet, an upper injection hole and a lower injection hole, the principle that like poles of the magnets repel each other is applied, when the upper magnet, the floating magnet and the lower magnet are installed in an inner shell, like-pole magnetic fields are assembled in a relative sequence to form a magnetic suspension sealing system, an upper sealing cavity and a lower sealing cavity are formed in the inner shell, sealing fluid is filled into the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity through the injection holes, the sealer does not need to be disassembled, the convenience of oil injection is improved, the abrasion between the polish rod and the sealer is reduced through continuous injection of the sealing fluid, and the service life of the sealer is prolonged.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a magnetic suspension polished rod sealer comprises a lower joint and a polished rod, wherein the lower joint is arranged on the polished rod, and the polished rod is sequentially provided with a top pre-sealing system, a magnetic suspension sealing system and a deflection adjusting and adjusting device from top to bottom;
the magnetic suspension sealing system comprises an outer shell, a lower injection hole, an inner shell, an upper injection hole, an upper magnet, an upper sealing cavity, a floating magnet, a lower sealing cavity, a lower magnet and sealing fluid, the upper magnet, the floating magnet and the lower magnet are sequentially installed in the inner shell from top to bottom, the upper magnet, the outer diameter of the floating magnet and the outer diameter of the lower magnet are closely matched with the gap of the inner shell, the upper magnet, the same-pole magnetic field between the floating magnet and the lower magnet is opposite, the upper sealing cavity is formed between the upper magnet and the floating magnet, the lower sealing cavity is formed between the floating magnet and the lower magnet, and the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity are filled with the sealing fluid through the upper injection hole.
The top pre-sealing system comprises a taper sleeve, a tapered packing, a compression ring, a thrust bearing and an upper pressure cap, wherein the taper sleeve is arranged at the upper end of an upper magnet, the tapered packing is arranged inside the taper sleeve, the packing and the compression ring are arranged on the upper portion of the tapered packing, the thrust bearing is arranged on the compression ring, the upper pressure cap is arranged on the upper portion of the thrust bearing, and the upper pressure cap is in threaded connection with the outer shell.
The device of adjusting partially one side of the inclined plane, including lower clutch, plane seal, down adjust partially, radial seal, bolt, go up adjust partially, press cap, eccentric spheroid and hard seal down, there is plane seal on the lower clutch, with down adjust partially bottom end face seal cooperation, press cap and lower clutch down to adjust partially, eccentric spheroid and down adjust partially to connect as an organic wholely, go up adjust partially, the assembly of eccentric spheroid and down adjust partially can be on the terminal surface of lower clutch translation, go up adjust partially, eccentric spheroid and down adjust partially through many bolted connection combinations that evenly distribute on the circumference as an organic wholely, adjust partially the upper end down and seted up interior sphere, eccentric spheroid passes through radial seal and down adjust partially interior sphere sliding connection down, eccentric spheroid can be on the interior sphere of down adjust partially 360 orientation swings.
The eccentric sphere is internally provided with a through hole, and the hard seal is arranged in the through hole of the eccentric sphere and forms clearance seal fit with the polish rod.
The magnetic suspension device is characterized by further comprising a connecting body, the lower portion of the connecting body is connected with an eccentric ball body of the deviation and inclination adjusting device, the upper portion of the connecting body is connected with the outer shell, and the hard seal is installed on the upper portion of the deviation and inclination adjusting device and the lower portion of the magnetic suspension sealing system.
The upper injection hole and the lower injection hole are arranged on the outer shell, the injection directions of the upper injection hole and the lower injection hole are one-way, and sealing fluid cannot flow out of the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity through the upper injection hole and the lower injection hole.
The upper magnet, the floating magnet and the lower magnet are 3 magnets or a plurality of magnets which are installed oppositely in the same pole, a plurality of upper sealing cavities and a plurality of lower sealing cavities are formed, the upper sealing cavities are connected with the upper injection holes, the lower sealing cavities are connected with the lower injection holes, sealing fluid is injected into the upper sealing cavities and the lower sealing cavities through the upper injection holes and the lower injection holes by external force, and the sealing fluid seals the polish rod.
The axial center line of the through hole of the eccentric sphere and the axial center line of the eccentric sphere have an eccentricity e.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the lower part of the polished rod sealer is provided with the deviation and inclination adjusting device, so that the eccentric wear caused by misalignment between a wellhead and the polished rod can be corrected at any time. The axial center line of the through hole of the eccentric sphere is not coincident with the center line of the sphere, and an eccentricity e exists, but the axial center line of the through hole of the eccentric sphere is coincident with the center of the polish rod, so that when the upper pressing cap is screwed, the center of the sphere of the eccentric sphere cannot rotate along with the rotation of the upper pressing cap, and back tongs do not need to be manually operated.
2. The hard seal is arranged at the upper part of the through hole of the eccentric sphere, is in clearance seal fit with the polish rod, can remove scales or impurities on the polish rod in time, and is solid seal.
3. The invention is provided with an upper magnet, one or more floating magnets and a lower magnet in an inner shell; the upper magnet, the floating magnet and the lower magnet are all annular, the outer diameter of the magnet is in clearance seal fit with the inner shell, and the inner seal of the magnet is in clearance seal fit with the polish rod. The magnets are assembled in the same-pole opposite sequence, the magnets are naturally repelled to form two or more sealed cavities, the sealed cavities are connected with one-way filling holes arranged on the outer shell, and sealing fluid is filled into the sealed cavities through the filling holes by external force. The sealing fluid in the two or more sealing cavities forms a soft seal against the polish rod, while the sealing fluid prevents dry abrasion between the polish rod and the sealer, increasing the useful life of the polish rod sealer. The one-way injection hole can prevent sealed fluid from flowing backwards, so that the reliability of the device is improved, the sealing performance of the polish rod sealer is ensured, and oil, gas and water are prevented from leaking; because the sealing fluid is extruded into the sealing cavity in one direction by external force, the sealing and filling can be completed without stopping the well, the sealing is maintained without being disassembled by workers, the labor force is saved, the application convenience is improved, and the oil extraction time rate is improved.
4. The inner shell, the upper magnet, the floating magnet and the lower magnet are assembled in the same-pole opposite sequence, and the magnets are naturally repelled, so that the middle magnet is restrained and suspended in the inner shell to form the floating magnet, and the distance between the magnets can be relatively compressed under the action of force to play a role of being equivalent to a spring, so that a magnetic suspension sealing system of the polished rod sealer is formed under the coordination of sealing fluid, the soft sealing of the sealing fluid on the reciprocating motion of the polished rod is a liquid seal, and the problems of polished rod dry grinding and micro eccentric grinding are solved.
5. The invention is characterized in that a cone is sleeved at the upper end of an upper magnet, a cone packing is arranged in the cone, a packing and a pressure ring are arranged at the upper part of the cone, a thrust bearing is arranged on the pressure ring, and an upper pressure cap is arranged at the upper part of the thrust bearing to form a top pre-sealing system of a polished rod sealer; the upper pressing cap is connected with the outer shell. The upper pressing cap transfers the sealing pretightening force downwards, the outer shell, the lower injection hole, the inner shell, the upper injection hole, the taper sleeve, the tapered packing, the compression ring, the thrust bearing, the upper pressing cap, the polish rod, the upper magnet, the upper sealing cavity, the floating magnet, the lower sealing cavity and the lower magnet play a sealing role, and thus the hard seal, the magnetic suspension sealing system and the top pre-sealing system form a multistage random compensation elastic sealing system for the polish rod.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a magnetic levitation sealing system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-lower joint, 2-plane seal, 3-lower offset body, 4-radial seal, 5-bolt, 6-upper offset body, 7-lower pressure cap, 8-eccentric sphere, 9-connector, 10-outer shell, 11-lower inlet hole, 12-inner shell, 13-upper injection hole, 14-taper sleeve, 15-taper packing, 16-packing, 17-pressure ring, 18-thrust bearing, 19-upper pressure cap, 20-polish rod, 21-upper magnet, 22-upper seal cavity, 23-floating magnet, 24-lower seal cavity, 25-lower magnet, 26-hard seal, 27-magnet inner seal, 30-sealing fluid.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a magnetic suspension polish rod sealer comprises a lower joint 1, a plane seal 2, a lower deviation-adjusting body 3, a radial seal 4, a bolt 5, an upper deviation-adjusting body 6, a lower pressing cap 7, an eccentric sphere 8, a connecting body 9, an outer shell 10, a lower injection hole 11, an inner shell 12, an upper injection hole 13, a taper sleeve 14, a taper disk root 15, a packing 16, a pressing ring 17, a thrust bearing 18, an upper pressing cap 19, a polish rod 20, an upper magnet 21, an upper sealing cavity 22, a floating magnet 23, a lower sealing cavity 24, a lower magnet 25, a hard seal 26, an inner magnet seal 27 and a sealing fluid 30.
The hard seal 26 is arranged in the through hole of the eccentric sphere 8 and forms clearance seal fit with the polish rod 20, so that the first axial seal of the polish rod 20 is completed, and the scale or impurities on the polish rod 20 can be removed in time.
The outer shell 10, the lower injection hole 11, the inner shell 12, the upper injection hole 13, the upper magnet 21, the upper seal cavity 22, the floating magnet 23, the lower seal cavity 24, the lower magnet 25 and the sealing fluid 30 form a magnetic levitation sealing system. Wherein: an upper magnet 21, a floating magnet 23 and a lower magnet 25 are installed in the inner housing 12, the outer diameters of the upper magnet 21, the floating magnet 23 and the lower magnet 25 are closely fitted with the inner housing 12 with a clearance, the upper magnet 21 and the floating magnet 23 repel each other with the same polarity to form an upper sealed chamber 22, the floating magnet 23 and the lower magnet 25 repel each other with the same polarity to form a lower sealed chamber 24, and the upper sealed chamber 22 and the lower sealed chamber 24 are filled with a sealing fluid 30 through the upper injection hole 13 and the lower injection hole 11. The upper magnet 21, the floating magnet 23 and the lower magnet 25 are assembled in a sequence that like magnetic fields are opposite, and the magnets repel naturally, so that the floating magnet 23 between the upper magnet 21 and the lower magnet 25 is suspended under the space constraint of the inner shell 12, the floating magnet 23 is constrained to float, and a magnetic suspension sealing floating system is formed by applying the principle that like poles of the magnets repel.
The upper injection hole 13 and the lower injection hole 11 are arranged on the outer shell body 10, the injection directions of the upper injection hole 13 and the lower injection hole 11 are one-way, the sealing fluid 30 cannot flow backwards, the sealing performance of the polish rod 20 is guaranteed, the convenience of oil injection is increased, the sealer does not need to be disassembled, the abrasion between the polish rod 20 and the sealer is reduced through continuous injection of the sealing fluid 30, and the service life of the sealer is prolonged.
The outer diameter of the inner shell 12 is tightly connected with the inner diameter of the outer shell 10; a taper sleeve 14, a tapered disk root 15, a packing 16, a pressure ring 17, an upper magnet 21, a floating magnet 23 and a lower magnet 25 are arranged in the inner shell 12; the taper sleeve 14, the tapered disk root 15, the packing 16, the pressing ring 17, the thrust bearing 18 and the upper pressing cap 19 are connected with the outer shell 10 and are arranged at the head part of the polish rod sealer.
Taper sleeve 14, toper root 15, packing 16, clamping ring 17, thrust bearing 18 and go up and press cap 19 to constitute the top system of sealing in advance, wherein: the taper sleeve 14 is installed at the upper end of the upper magnet 21, the tapered packing 15 is installed inside the taper sleeve 14, the packing 16 and the pressing ring 17 are arranged on the upper portion of the tapered packing 15, the thrust bearing 18 is arranged on the pressing ring 17, the upper pressing cap 19 is arranged on the upper portion of the thrust bearing 18, the upper pressing cap 19 is in threaded connection with the outer shell 10, the upper pressing cap 19 rotates to transmit sealing pretightening force downwards, and top pre-sealing of the light rod 20 is formed.
The top pressure cap 19 of the top pre-sealing system transmits the pretightening force to the upper magnet 21 through the thrust bearing 18, the pressure ring 17, the packing 16, the conical disc root 15 and the conical sleeve 14, because the magnets are assembled according to the opposite sequence of homopolar magnetic fields, the magnets are naturally repelled, under the space constraint of the inner shell 12, the upper magnet 21, the floating magnet 23 and the lower magnet 25 are repelled mutually to play a role of a spring, thus the sealing fluid 30 forms a magnetic suspension sealing system for the polish rod 20 in the upper sealing cavity 22 and the lower sealing cavity 24, the sealing fluid 30 seals the polish rod 20 in a reciprocating motion, and the magnetic suspension sealing system is a liquid seal and solves the problems of dry grinding and micro eccentric grinding of the polish rod 20.
The outer shell 10, the lower injection hole 11, the inner shell 12, the upper injection hole 13, the taper sleeve 14, the tapered disk root 15, the packing 16, the compression ring 17, the thrust bearing 18, the upper compression cap 19, the polish rod 20, the upper magnet 21, the upper sealing cavity 22, the floating magnet 23, the lower sealing cavity 24, the lower magnet 25 and the hard seal 26 form a multistage random compensation elastic sealing system, wherein: the outer shell 10, the inner shell 12, the taper sleeve 14, the tapered packing 15, the packing 16, the press ring 17, the thrust bearing 18, the upper press cap 19, the upper magnet 21, the floating magnet 23, the lower seal cavity 24, the lower magnet 25, the lower injection hole 11, the upper injection hole 13, the upper seal cavity 22, the lower seal cavity 24 and the sealing fluid 30 form a sealing effect on the polish rod 20, so that the hard seal 26, the magnetic suspension seal system and the top pre-seal system form a multi-stage random compensation elastic seal system for the polish rod 20.
The lower joint 1, the plane seal 2, the lower deviation adjusting body 3, the radial seal 4, the upper deviation adjusting body 6, the lower pressing cap 7 and the eccentric ball 8 form a deviation and inclination adjusting device. Wherein: the lower joint 1 is provided with a plane seal 2 which is in sealing fit with the bottom end face of the lower deviation adjusting body 3, and the lower joint 1 is connected with a wellhead through threads; the lower pressing cap 7 and the lower joint 1 connect the upper deviation-adjusting body 6, the eccentric sphere 8 and the lower deviation-adjusting body 3 into a whole; the combined body of the upper deflection-regulating body 6, the eccentric ball 8 and the lower deflection-regulating body 3 can translate on the end surface of the lower joint 1; the upper deviation-adjusting body 6, the eccentric sphere 8 and the lower deviation-adjusting body 3 are connected and combined into a whole through a plurality of bolts 5 which are uniformly distributed on the circumference; the spherical surface of the eccentric sphere 8 is provided with a radial seal 4 which is in sealing fit with the inner spherical surface of the lower deflection-adjusting body 3, and the eccentric sphere 8 can swing on the inner spherical surface of the lower deflection-adjusting body 3 in the direction of 360 degrees.
The lower part of the connecting body 9 is connected with an eccentric sphere 8 of the deviation and inclination adjusting device, the upper part of the connecting body 9 is connected with the outer shell 10, and the hard seal 26 is arranged at the upper part of the deviation and inclination adjusting device and the lower part of the magnetic suspension sealing system.
An axial through hole is formed in the eccentric ball body 8, and an eccentric distance e is formed between the axial center line of the through hole and the axial center line of the eccentric ball body 8. The polish rod 20 passes through the axial through hole of the eccentric sphere 8, so that when the upper pressing cap 19 is screwed, the sphere center of the eccentric sphere 8 can not rotate along with the pre-tightening rotation of the upper pressing cap 19, and manual back-up forceps are not needed.
The lower part of the polish rod sealer is provided with an offset and inclination adjusting device and a hard seal 26, and the offset and inclination adjustment are realized through the upper offset adjusting body 6, the lower offset adjusting body 3 and the eccentric ball 8, so that the polish rod 20 is centered at any time; the primary axial seal to the stem 20 is accomplished by a hard seal 26; the vertical followability of the polished rod 20 is ensured through the deviation-adjusting and inclination-adjusting device, the friction is reduced, the service life of sealing is prolonged, the labor force is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.
Example two: a magnetic suspension polish rod sealer is the same as the sealer in the figure 1 with the following other characteristics: as shown in fig. 2: the upper magnet 21, the floating magnet 23 and the lower magnet 25 are collectively referred to as a magnet, and the magnet is not limited to 3 magnets, and more than 3 magnets may be oppositely assembled with the same magnetic field to form a plurality of upper sealed cavities 22 and lower sealed cavities 24.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the inner housing 12 has more than 3 magnets, i.e., an upper magnet 21, one or more floating magnets 23, and a lower magnet 25; the magnet is annular, the outer diameter of the magnet is in clearance seal fit with the inner shell 12, and the inner seal 27 of the magnet is in clearance seal fit with the polish rod 20. The magnets are assembled in the same-pole opposite sequence, and naturally repel each other to form two or more upper sealed cavities 22 and lower sealed cavities 24, the upper sealed cavities 22 and the lower sealed cavities 24 are connected with the one-way upper injection hole 13 and the lower injection hole 11 installed on the outer shell 10, and the sealing fluid 30 is injected into the sealed cavities by external force through the upper injection hole 13 and the lower injection hole 11. The sealing fluid 30 in the two or more upper and lower seal cavities 22, 24 forms a soft seal against the polish rod 20, while the sealing fluid 30 prevents dry abrasion of the polish rod 20 and packing 16, increasing the useful life of the polish rod seal. The unidirectional upper injection hole 13 and the lower injection hole 11 can prevent the sealing fluid 30 from flowing backwards, increase the reliability of the device, ensure the sealing performance of the polish rod sealer and prevent oil, gas and water from leaking; because the sealing fluid 30 is extruded into the upper sealing cavity 22 and the lower sealing cavity 24 in one direction by external force, sealing and filling can be completed without stopping the well, workers do not need to disassemble and maintain the seal, labor force is saved, convenience in application is improved, and the oil extraction efficiency is improved.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.