CN113309479A - Efficient coring drilling device and method for shallow sea reef limestone - Google Patents
Efficient coring drilling device and method for shallow sea reef limestone Download PDFInfo
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- CN113309479A CN113309479A CN202110782662.9A CN202110782662A CN113309479A CN 113309479 A CN113309479 A CN 113309479A CN 202110782662 A CN202110782662 A CN 202110782662A CN 113309479 A CN113309479 A CN 113309479A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 244000261422 Lysimachia clethroides Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/18—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being specially adapted for operation under water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
- E21B21/106—Valve arrangements outside the borehole, e.g. kelly valves
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency coring drilling device for shallow sea reef limestone, which relates to the technical field of drilling and comprises a rope coring drilling tool circulating system, wherein the rope coring drilling tool circulating system comprises a top drive, a drilling tool, a gooseneck, a slurry pipeline and a slurry pump; the bottom of the top drive is provided with a drilling tool, the top of the top drive is connected with a gooseneck, and the gooseneck is connected with a slurry pump through a slurry pipeline; the reverse circulation slag discharging system comprises a forward and reverse circulation change-over valve which is arranged between the gooseneck and the slurry pipeline and can be communicated with the gooseneck and the slurry pipeline; the positive and negative circulation change-over valve is also connected with a reverse circulation deslagging channel, and a slag slurry pump is arranged on the reverse circulation deslagging channel. The invention also discloses an efficient coring drilling method for the shallow sea reef limestone. The invention can obtain high-quality rock cores, can quickly discharge rock debris accumulated in reef limestone formation holes and drill holes, and creates good in-hole conditions for next core drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a high-efficiency coring drilling device and method for shallow sea reef limestone.
Background
The reef limestone stratum is a stratum frequently encountered in shallow sea exploration, and the stratum has certain cementation property but is fragile in structure, holes develop, and fillers exist. During the coring drilling again, the rock debris is filled into the holes of the stratum and is difficult to return out of the drilled holes, and after the drilling is stopped, the rock debris and the fillers in the holes return back into the drilled holes, so that the drilling problems that the next-time core tube is not put in place, a water hole of a drill bit is blocked, the drill bit is not drilled and fresh cores cannot be obtained are caused.
The reef limestone formation is difficult to achieve a satisfactory coring effect by adopting a single coring technical method. In the island reef exploration, a rope coring technology and an auxiliary sand digging technology are adopted when drilling in the stratum, after each time of rope coring, a small-diameter sand digging drilling tool is put into the rope coring drilling tool, and after sand settling in a hole is drilled and drilled for many times, the assembly in the coring drilling tool is put into the hole to start the next time of drilling. By using the technical method, although the core can be obtained on the reef limestone stratum, the sand bailing process needs frequent drilling, which consumes time and labor and has low drilling efficiency; particularly, the drilling of the shallow reef limestone stratum has a narrow window period and a continuous voyage period of an operation ship.
Therefore, an efficient coring drilling technology is needed to realize the fast coring of the limestone formation of the shallow sea reef.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient coring drilling device and method for shallow sea reef limestone, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, can obtain a high-quality rock core, can quickly discharge reef limestone stratum holes and rock debris accumulated in a drill hole, and create good in-hole conditions for next coring drilling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a high-efficiency coring drilling device for shallow sea reef limestone, which comprises:
the rope core drill circulating system comprises a top drive, a drill, a gooseneck, a slurry pipeline and a slurry pump; the bottom of the top drive is provided with the drilling tool, the top of the top drive is connected with the gooseneck, one end, far away from the top drive, of the gooseneck is communicated with the top of the slurry pipeline, the bottom of the slurry pipeline is connected with the slurry pump, and a positive circulation slurry channel is arranged in the slurry pipeline;
further comprising:
a reverse circulation slag discharge system including a forward and reverse circulation switch valve installed between the gooseneck and the slurry pipeline, the forward and reverse circulation switch valve being communicable with the gooseneck and the slurry pipeline; the positive and negative circulation change-over valve still is connected with the sediment passageway of removing of reverse circulation, be provided with the sediment stuff pump on the sediment passageway of removing of reverse circulation.
Preferably, the positive and negative circulation conversion valve is provided with a gooseneck connector, a slurry pipeline connector and a slag discharge connector, and the gooseneck connector, the slurry pipeline connector and the slag discharge connector are respectively connected with the gooseneck, the slurry pipeline and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel.
Preferably, the positive and negative circulation conversion valve comprises a shell, a valve plate, a control oil cylinder, a connecting rod mechanism and a rotating shaft; the gooseneck connecting port, the slurry pipeline connecting port and the slag discharging interface are all arranged on the shell, the control oil cylinder and the valve plate are arranged in the shell, an oil inlet and an oil return port of the control oil cylinder can be connected with a crude oil path system of a drilling ship, the tail end of a piston rod of the control oil cylinder is rotatably connected with one end of the connecting rod mechanism, the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the shell, and the valve plate is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft;
when the piston rod of the control oil cylinder is completely extended out, the valve plate can close the reverse circulation deslagging channel, and the positive circulation slurry channel is in an open state; when the piston rod of the control oil cylinder is completely retracted, the valve plate can close the positive circulation slurry channel, and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel is in an open state; when the stroke of a piston rod of the control oil cylinder is between the minimum and the maximum, the valve plate is in a middle state, and the positive circulation slurry channel and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel are both in an open state.
Preferably, the front and the back of the valve plate are provided with rubber sealing plates.
Preferably, the oil inlet and the oil return port of the control oil cylinder are respectively connected with the crude oil path system of the drilling ship through an oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, and the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline are respectively provided with a damping joint.
Preferably, the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline are also connected with an oil unloading pipeline, and the oil unloading pipeline is connected with the crude oil pipeline system of the drilling ship; throttle stop valves are arranged in the oil inlet pipeline and the connecting pipeline between the oil return pipeline and the oil unloading pipeline, and a one-way valve is arranged in the oil unloading pipeline.
Preferably, the positive and negative circulation change-over valve through first row sediment hose with the sediment mouth that advances of sediment stuff pump is connected, be provided with in the first row sediment hose the reverse circulation is arranged the sediment passageway, the row's of sediment stuff pump cinder notch is connected with the second and arranges the sediment hose.
Preferably, the inner diameters of the first slag discharge hose and the second slag discharge hose are not smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole in the drill string of the drilling tool.
Preferably, the slurry pump is arranged on the surface of the drilling platform, and the height of an impeller of the slurry pump from the sea level is not more than 3 m.
The invention also discloses an efficient coring drilling method based on the efficient coring drilling device for the shallow reef limestone, which comprises the following steps of:
step a, positive circulation rope coring: the drilling tool in the top drive driving hole completes a secondary footage, the positive circulating mud cools a drill bit of the drilling tool, and the core tube fully drilled with the core is lifted out of the drilled hole;
b, starting reverse circulation slag pumping: after the rope coring and the secondary returning are finished, the forward circulation mud channel and the reverse circulation deslagging channel are both in an open state through the forward and reverse circulation control valves, the slurry pump is started to inject mud into the reverse circulation deslagging channel and a drill rod column of the drilling tool to discharge air, and when the mud is discharged from a deslagging port of the slurry pump, the slurry pump is started;
step c, establishing a reverse circulation slag pumping circulation process: when air at the tail end of the second slag discharging pipe is discharged and slurry discharging meets requirements, a reverse circulation slag pumping circulation is established, the forward circulation slurry channel is closed through the forward and reverse circulation control valve, the reverse circulation slag discharging channel is completely opened, and the slurry pump is stopped;
step d, reverse circulation slag pumping: the top drive drives the drilling tool in the hole to rotate and simultaneously moves up and down, reverse circulation slag pumping operation is implemented, and rock debris accumulated in the drilled hole is discharged out of the drilled hole; observing the liquid discharged from the tail end of the second slag discharge pipe, lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of the hole when the rock slag content in the discharged liquid meets the requirement, stopping the top drive rotation, and turning off the slag pump to finish reverse circulation slag pumping;
e, switching the normal circulation drilling mode, and starting the next secondary coring operation: the positive and negative circulation conversion valve controls the reverse circulation deslagging channel to be closed, and the positive circulation slurry channel is opened; and starting the slurry pump to perform slurry injection on the center of the drilling tool to remove rock debris remained on the step, and throwing the drilling tool to the bottom of the hole from the top drive upper part to start the next core drilling operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention provides a high-efficiency coring drilling device and method for shallow sea reef limestone, which are provided with a reverse circulation deslagging system, wherein a forward and reverse circulation change-over valve is arranged at the end of a top drive gooseneck pipe of a marine drilling system, a forward circulation rope coring circulation channel is expanded to increase a reverse circulation deslagging channel, and the forward circulation rope coring and the reverse circulation deslagging can be realized under the condition of using the same underground drilling tool, so that the high-efficiency coring drilling method is provided for shallow sea reef limestone stratum exploration.
2. After the forward circulation rope coring and the backward circulation rope coring are finished, the reverse circulation slag-pumping mode can be quickly switched, deposits in the holes of the drilled stratum and rock slag which cannot be discharged from the drilled hole due to stratum leakage are thoroughly cleaned, and accidents that fresh rock cores cannot be obtained in the next time due to rock debris accumulation, drilling is burnt and the like are avoided.
3. The valve plate is arranged in the positive and negative circulation conversion valve and is controlled to be opened by the control oil cylinder, three functional states can be realized, and the valve plate and the channel are reliably sealed.
4. According to the invention, the damping joint, the throttle valve and the like are additionally connected on the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline, so that the oil inlet amount of a system is reduced, the working reaction time of a piston rod of the control oil cylinder is prolonged, and the control of the middle state of the valve plate is convenient to realize.
5. The method is used in the shipborne top drive drilling system, the original equipment is not required to be changed, and the equipment configuration is simple.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef limestone in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of the forward/reverse circulation switching valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the forward/reverse circulation switching valve of the present invention;
the numbers in the figures are as follows:
1: drilling tools; 2: a drillship working deck; 3: top drive; 4: a gooseneck; 5: a slurry pump; 6: a slurry pipeline; 7: a first slag discharge hose: 8: forward and reverse circulation switching valve: 9: a slurry pump; 10: a second slag discharge hose; 11: a gooseneck connecting port; 12: a housing; 13: a mud pipeline connection port; 14: a valve plate; 15: a rubber sealing plate; 16: a rotating shaft; 17: a slag discharge interface; 18: controlling the oil cylinder; 19: an oil inlet; 20: an oil return port; 21: a damping joint; 22. 26, 28, 29, 32, 35, 37, 38: a hose; 23. 27, 31: a three-way valve; 24. 33: an end straight joint; 25: a throttle stop valve; 30. 36: a reducer union; 34: a one-way valve; 39. 40, 41, 42: original oil-way system pipelines of the drilling ship; 43: a linkage mechanism.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an efficient coring drilling device and method for shallow sea reef limestone, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, can obtain a high-quality rock core, can quickly discharge reef limestone stratum holes and rock debris accumulated in a drill hole, and create good in-hole conditions for next-time coring drilling.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides an efficient coring drilling device for shallow reef limestone, mainly comprising: a rope core drill circulating system and a reverse circulation deslagging system; the rope coring drilling tool circulating system comprises a top drive 3, a drilling tool 1, a gooseneck 4, a slurry pipeline 6 and a slurry pump 5 in a cabin; the drilling tool 1 is installed to the bottom that 3 was driven on the top, and the top that 3 was driven on the top is connected with gooseneck 4, and gooseneck 4 keeps away from the top and drives the one end of 3 and the top intercommunication of mud pipeline 6, and the bottom of mud pipeline 6 is connected with slush pump 5, is provided with positive circulation mud passageway in the mud pipeline 6. The top drive 3 can drive the drilling tool 1 in the hole to rotate to drill and take the rock core of the reef limestone stratum, wherein the top drive 3 is an existing device, can be selected from the prior art according to needs, and can drive the drilling tool 1 to rotate and walk up and down simultaneously; the drilling tool 1 mainly comprises a rope core drilling tool, a drill string and the like, a through hole is formed in the drill string, and the drilling tool 1 is provided with a rope core winch and used for pulling out a core barrel full of cores to drill a hole.
In the embodiment, the reverse circulation slag discharging system comprises a reverse circulation change-over valve 8, the reverse circulation change-over valve 8 is arranged between the gooseneck 4 and the slurry pipeline 6, and the reverse circulation change-over valve 8 can be communicated with the gooseneck 4 and the slurry pipeline 6; the positive and negative circulation change-over valve 8 is also connected with a reverse circulation slag discharge channel, and a slag slurry pump 9 is arranged on the reverse circulation slag discharge channel. Specifically, the forward and reverse circulation conversion valve 8 is provided with a gooseneck connector 11, a slurry pipeline connector 13 and a slag discharge connector 17, and the gooseneck connector 11, the slurry pipeline connector 13 and the slag discharge connector 17 are respectively connected with the gooseneck 4, the forward circulation slurry channel and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel.
In the present embodiment, the normal-reverse circulation switching valve 8 includes a housing 12, a valve plate 14, a control cylinder 18, a link mechanism 43, and a rotary shaft 16; the gooseneck connecting port 11, the slurry pipeline connecting port 13 and the slag discharging connector 17 are all arranged on the shell 12, the control oil cylinder 18 and the valve plate 14 are arranged in the shell 12, an oil inlet 19 and an oil return port 20 of the control oil cylinder 18 can be connected with a crude oil path system of a drilling ship, the tail end of a piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 is fixed with one end of a connecting rod mechanism 43 through a pin shaft, the other end of the connecting rod mechanism 43 is connected with a rotating shaft 16, the rotating shaft 16 penetrates into a fixed shaft sleeve arranged on the shell 1, the valve plate 14 is welded to the middle position of the rotating shaft 16, the rotating shaft 16 is driven to rotate through the connecting rod mechanism when the piston rod extends out and retracts, and the valve plate 14 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 16 at the same time, so that the front and the back of the valve plate 14 are sealed with the slag discharging connector 17 and the slurry pipeline connecting port 13;
the opening and closing of the valve plate 14 are controlled by the control oil cylinder 18, when a piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 is completely extended out, the valve plate 14 can close the reverse circulation deslagging channel, and the forward circulation slurry channel is in an open state; when the piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 is completely retracted, the valve plate 14 can close the positive circulation slurry channel, and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel is in an open state; when the stroke of the piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 is between the minimum and the maximum, the valve plate 14 is in the middle state, and the positive circulation slurry channel and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel are both in the open state, so that the starting operation of the reverse circulation operation front slurry pump 9 is realized.
In the present embodiment, the specific structure of the link mechanism 43 can be selected as required; for example, a double-link mechanism is adopted, one ends of two links of the double-link mechanism are hinged with each other, the other end of one link is rotatably connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 through a pin shaft, and the other end of the other link is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 16; alternatively, the link mechanism 43 may also be a single link, one end of the link is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 16, the other end of the link is provided with a sliding slot, and the end of the piston rod of the control cylinder 18 is connected to a pin shaft, which is disposed in the sliding slot and can rotate in the sliding slot while moving along the sliding slot.
In the embodiment, the same set of drilling tool is used for rope coring drilling and reverse circulation slag pumping, the forward and reverse circulation change-over valve 8 with three channels is only added at the tail end of the gooseneck 4, the two processes of rope coring drilling and reverse circulation slag pumping can be realized by only controlling the opening and closing of the valve plate 14, the change-over process is simple and convenient, the operation is easy, and the requirement on the high efficiency of marine geological exploration is met.
In the present embodiment, the front and back surfaces of the valve plate 14 are provided with rubber seal plates 15.
In the embodiment, the oil inlet 19 and the oil return port 20 of the control oil cylinder 18 are respectively connected with a crude oil path system of the drilling ship through an oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline are also connected with an oil unloading pipeline, and the oil unloading pipeline is connected with the crude oil path system of the drilling ship; throttle stop valves 25 are arranged in the oil inlet pipeline and the connecting pipeline of the oil return pipeline and the oil unloading pipeline, and a one-way valve 34 is arranged in the oil unloading pipeline. In this embodiment, in order to meet the working requirement of the forward and reverse circulation conversion valve 8 on the control cylinder 18, the oil feeding speed of the original oil line system of the drilling ship needs to be controlled, so that the damping joints 21 are arranged on the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline, the inlet and outlet flow is reduced, the oil inlet speed of the upper cavity and the oil outlet speed of the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the control cylinder 18 are adjusted, and the opening and closing of the valve plate 14 are controlled conveniently; hydraulic oil which cannot enter the control oil cylinder 18 through the damping joint 21 enters an oil unloading pipeline through a three-way valve 23, a throttling stop valve 25 and a three-way valve 27 on an oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, a one-way valve 34 is arranged in the oil unloading pipeline, and redundant hydraulic oil returns to an original oil way system of the drilling ship through the oil unloading pipeline, so that the crude oil way system of the drilling ship controls the positive and negative circulation change-over valve 8; the branched hydraulic oil flows back to the oil return port 20 through the throttle stop valve 25 and the check valve 34, so that the extending and retracting time of the piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 is increased, and the operation of the intermediate state of the valve plate 14 is facilitated.
In the embodiment, the forward and reverse circulation conversion valve 8 is connected with a slag inlet of a slurry pump 9 through a first slag discharge hose 7, and a slag discharge port of the slurry pump 9 is connected with a second slag discharge hose 10; wherein, reverse circulation slag discharge channels are arranged in the first slag discharge hose 7 and the second slag discharge hose 10, and the inner diameters of the first slag discharge hose 7 and the second slag discharge hose 10 are not less than the inner diameter of the through hole in the drill rod of the drilling tool 1.
In this embodiment, the slurry pump 9 is arranged on the surface of the drilling platform, the height of the impeller of the slurry pump 9 from the sea level is not more than 3m, and rock slag is removed from the drilled hole by utilizing the negative pressure suction effect generated by the rotation of the impeller in the slurry pump 9.
The embodiment also discloses a high-efficiency coring drilling method based on the high-efficiency coring drilling device for the shallow reef limestone, wherein a reverse circulation slag pumping system is arranged on the basis of a rope coring drilling tool system, after the rope coring is finished, a circulation mode is converted into reverse circulation under the condition that the drilling tool 1 is not replaced, and rock debris accumulated in a stratum hole and a drill hole is sucked and discharged out of the drill hole under negative pressure; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step a, positive circulation rope coring: the top drive 3 drives the drilling tool 1 in the hole to finish a secondary footage, the positive circulating mud cools the drill bit of the drilling tool 1, and the core tube fully drilled with the core is lifted out of the hole by the rope core-taking winch;
b, starting reverse circulation slag pumping: after the rope coring and the returning are finished, the valve plate 14 is controlled to be half-opened through the control oil cylinder 18, the piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 does not extend completely at the moment, the forward circulation slurry channel and the reverse circulation slag discharging channel are both in an open state, the slurry pump 5 is started to inject slurry into the reverse circulation slag discharging channel and a drill rod column of the drilling tool 1 to discharge air, when slurry is discharged from the tail end of the second slag discharging hose 10, the slurry pump 9 is started, and at the moment, slurry, seawater and air in the pipeline are discharged from the tail end of the second slag discharging hose 10;
step c, establishing a reverse circulation slag pumping circulation process: when the tail end of the second slag-removing hose 10 is not discharged with a large amount of air and the slurry discharge is stable, the reverse circulation slag-removing circulation is established, the piston rod of the control oil cylinder 18 is completely retracted, the control valve plate 14 closes the forward circulation slurry channel, the reverse circulation slag-removing channel is completely opened, and the slurry pump 5 is stopped;
step d, reverse circulation slag pumping: the top drive 3 drives the drilling tool 1 in the hole to rotate and simultaneously moves up and down to implement reverse circulation slag pumping operation, and rock debris accumulated in the drill hole is discharged out of the drill hole by utilizing the negative pressure pumping action generated by the rotation of an impeller in the slurry pump 9; carefully observing the liquid discharged from the slag discharge port, when the discharged liquid contains little or no rock slag, lifting the drilling tool 1 away from the bottom of the hole by 1.5m, stopping the top drive 3 from rotating, turning off the slurry pump 9, and finishing reverse circulation slag pumping;
e, switching the normal circulation drilling mode, and starting the next secondary coring operation: a piston rod of a control oil cylinder 18 of the positive and negative circulation conversion valve 8 is completely extended out, a reverse circulation deslagging channel is controlled to be closed, and a positive circulation slurry channel is controlled to be opened; and (3) starting a slurry pump 5 to perform slurry injection on the center of the drilling tool 1 to remove rock debris remained on the step, putting the inner assembly of the drilling tool 1 to the bottom of the hole from the upper part of the top drive 3, and starting the next core drilling operation.
In conclusion, the reverse circulation deslagging system is arranged on the circulating system of the rope core drilling tool, and after the rope core drilling is finished, relevant equipment in the reverse circulation deslagging system is started to pump the rock slag accumulated in the reef limestone formation and the drill hole out of the drill hole, so that good in-hole conditions are created for the next core drilling.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An efficient coring drilling apparatus for shallow sea reef limestone comprising:
the rope core drill circulating system comprises a top drive, a drill, a gooseneck, a slurry pipeline and a slurry pump; the bottom of the top drive is provided with the drilling tool, the top of the top drive is connected with the gooseneck, one end, far away from the top drive, of the gooseneck is communicated with the top of the slurry pipeline, the bottom of the slurry pipeline is connected with the slurry pump, and a positive circulation slurry channel is arranged in the slurry pipeline;
the method is characterized in that: further comprising:
a reverse circulation slag discharge system including a forward and reverse circulation switch valve installed between the gooseneck and the slurry pipeline, the forward and reverse circulation switch valve being communicable with the gooseneck and the slurry pipeline; the positive and negative circulation change-over valve still is connected with the sediment passageway of removing of reverse circulation, be provided with the sediment stuff pump on the sediment passageway of removing of reverse circulation.
2. A high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash rock as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the positive and negative circulation change-over valve is provided with a gooseneck connector, a slurry pipeline connector and a slag discharge connector, and the gooseneck connector, the slurry pipeline connector and the slag discharge connector are respectively connected with the gooseneck, the slurry pipeline and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel.
3. The high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash as defined in claim 2 wherein: the positive and negative circulation conversion valve comprises a shell, a valve plate, a control oil cylinder, a connecting rod mechanism and a rotating shaft; the gooseneck connecting port, the slurry pipeline connecting port and the slag discharging interface are all arranged on the shell, the control oil cylinder and the valve plate are arranged in the shell, an oil inlet and an oil return port of the control oil cylinder can be connected with a crude oil path system of a drilling ship, the tail end of a piston rod of the control oil cylinder is rotatably connected with one end of the connecting rod mechanism, the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the shell, and the valve plate is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft;
when the piston rod of the control oil cylinder is completely extended out, the valve plate can close the reverse circulation deslagging channel, and the positive circulation slurry channel is in an open state; when the piston rod of the control oil cylinder is completely retracted, the valve plate can close the positive circulation slurry channel, and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel is in an open state; when the stroke of a piston rod of the control oil cylinder is between the minimum and the maximum, the valve plate is in a middle state, and the positive circulation slurry channel and the reverse circulation slag discharge channel are both in an open state.
4. A high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash as defined in claim 3 wherein: the front and the back of the valve plate are both provided with rubber sealing plates.
5. The high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash as defined by claim 4 wherein: the oil inlet and the oil return port of the control oil cylinder are respectively connected with the crude oil path system of the drilling ship through an oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, and damping joints are arranged on the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline.
6. The high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash as defined by claim 5 wherein: the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline are also connected with an oil unloading pipeline, and the oil unloading pipeline is connected with the crude oil pipeline system of the drilling ship; throttle stop valves are arranged in the oil inlet pipeline and the connecting pipeline between the oil return pipeline and the oil unloading pipeline, and a one-way valve is arranged in the oil unloading pipeline.
7. A high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash rock as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the positive and negative circulation change-over valve through first row sediment hose with the sediment mouth that advances of sediment stuff pump is connected, the row's sediment mouth of sediment stuff pump is connected with the second and arranges the sediment hose, be provided with in first row's sediment hose and the second row's sediment hose reverse circulation row sediment passageway.
8. The high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash as defined in claim 7 wherein: the inner diameters of the first slag discharge hose and the second slag discharge hose are not smaller than the inner diameter of a through hole in a drill string of the drilling tool.
9. A high efficiency coring drilling apparatus for shallow reef ash rock as claimed in claim 8 wherein: the slurry pump is arranged on the surface of the drilling platform, and the height of an impeller of the slurry pump from the sea level is not more than 3 m.
10. An efficient coring drilling method based on the efficient coring drilling device for shallow reef ash rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step a, positive circulation rope coring: the drilling tool in the top drive driving hole completes a secondary footage, the positive circulating mud cools a drill bit of the drilling tool, and the core tube fully drilled with the core is lifted out of the drilled hole;
b, starting reverse circulation slag pumping: after the rope coring and the secondary returning are finished, the forward circulation mud channel and the reverse circulation deslagging channel are both in an open state through the forward and reverse circulation control valve, the mud pump is started to inject mud into the reverse circulation deslagging channel and a drill rod column of the drilling tool to discharge air, and when the mud is discharged from the tail end of a second deslagging pipe connected with a deslagging port of the mud pump, the mud pump is started;
step c, establishing a reverse circulation slag pumping circulation process: when air at the tail end of the second slag discharging pipe is discharged and slurry discharging meets requirements, a reverse circulation slag pumping circulation is established, the forward circulation slurry channel is closed through the forward and reverse circulation control valve, the reverse circulation slag discharging channel is completely opened, and the slurry pump is stopped;
step d, reverse circulation slag pumping: the top drive drives the drilling tool in the hole to rotate and simultaneously moves up and down, reverse circulation slag pumping operation is implemented, and rock debris accumulated in the drilled hole is discharged out of the drilled hole; observing the liquid discharged from the tail end of the second slag discharge pipe, lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of the hole when the rock slag content in the discharged liquid meets the requirement, stopping the top drive rotation, turning off the slag slurry pump, and finishing reverse circulation slag pumping;
e, switching the normal circulation drilling mode, and starting the next secondary coring operation: the positive and negative circulation conversion valve controls the reverse circulation deslagging channel to be closed, and the positive circulation slurry channel is opened; and starting the slurry pump to perform slurry injection on the center of the drilling tool to remove rock debris remained on the step, and throwing the drilling tool to the bottom of the hole from the top drive upper part to start the next core drilling operation.
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