CN113309039A - Rapid deployment method for breakwater anchoring system - Google Patents
Rapid deployment method for breakwater anchoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113309039A CN113309039A CN202110653802.2A CN202110653802A CN113309039A CN 113309039 A CN113309039 A CN 113309039A CN 202110653802 A CN202110653802 A CN 202110653802A CN 113309039 A CN113309039 A CN 113309039A
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- breakwater
- deflation
- inflation
- mooring cable
- floating
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 and at the moment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid laying method of a breakwater anchoring system, which is characterized in that a grip anchor, a mooring cable, an adjustable inflation/deflation floating ball and a floating breakwater are integrally connected in advance, the grip anchor is placed at an anchoring position at one side of the breakwater by using an engineering auxiliary ship, the mooring cable at one side is spread by moving the engineering auxiliary ship, the breakwater is placed after the anchor reaches a specified laying position of the breakwater, the auxiliary ship is continuously moved transversely after the breakwater is placed, the mooring cable is continuously released in the moving process of the auxiliary ship, the grip anchor at the other side is placed after the specified anchoring position is reached, the adjustable inflation/deflation floating ball is inflated and deflated to adjust the pretension of the mooring cable, the rapid laying of the breakwater anchoring system is finally realized, and the rapid laying requirement of the floating breakwater anchoring system can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to a rapid arrangement method of a breakwater anchoring system.
Background
The breakwater equipment is needed in the processes of offshore operation, fishery culture, beach protection and the like, and the fixed breakwater equipment has high construction cost in the sea and cannot be realized in some sea areas, so that the floating breakwater developed in recent years becomes important equipment for wave prevention and wave elimination.
The floating breakwater is arranged on the periphery of the operation sea area or the protection sea area, so that the waves in the protection area can be effectively reduced, and the requirement of the target protection sea area on the wave environment is met. In actual offshore operation, different types of floating breakwaters can be adopted according to different requirements, one type is a long-service floating breakwater, the arrangement of an anchoring system needs to be finished within a large amount of time, but in order to meet the requirements of emergency rescue or short-term operation, the offshore engineering also puts an urgent need on the quick arrangement type floating breakwater, the structural type of the breakwater is simple, and the arrangement of the breakwater is required to be realized within a short time. Therefore, the method for quickly arranging the breakwater anchoring system is very important, and the requirements of quick arrangement and wave attenuation of engineering application can be met through the implementation of the method.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the rapid deployment requirement of a floating breakwater can be met, the rapid deployment of the breakwater anchoring system can be realized in a short time, the wave size of a target sea area is reduced to a certain extent, and the requirements of emergency rescue or short-term operation are met.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: a preparation device: preparing a required floating breakwater, a mooring cable I, a mooring cable II, a grip anchor I, a grip anchor II, an adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball I, an adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball II, an inflation and deflation pipe I, an inflation and deflation pipe II, a guide wheel, an inflation and deflation device and an engineering auxiliary ship;
the second step is that: installing a guide wheel on the left end face of the engineering auxiliary ship; the air charging and discharging device is placed in the engineering auxiliary ship;
the third step: the method comprises the following steps that a floating breakwater is placed on an engineering auxiliary ship, one end of the floating breakwater is connected with a first grabbing anchor through a first mooring cable, the other end of the floating breakwater is connected with a second grabbing anchor through a second mooring cable, a first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball is connected onto the first mooring cable, the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball is connected with an inflation and deflation device through a first inflation and deflation pipe, a second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball is connected onto the second mooring cable, and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball is connected with the inflation and deflation device through a second inflation and deflation pipe;
the fourth step: transporting the engineering auxiliary ship installed in the third step to a target sea area on the water surface;
the fifth step: continuing to drive the engineering auxiliary ship to the arrangement position of the first holding anchor;
and a sixth step: lowering the first holding power anchor until the first holding power anchor is completely contacted with the seabed;
the seventh step: continuously advancing the engineering auxiliary ship, continuously releasing a first mooring cable in the advancing process, and finishing the release of the first mooring cable when the engineering auxiliary ship advances to the laying sea area position of the floating breakwater;
eighth step: at the laying sea area position of the floating breakwater, laying the floating breakwater in water, and finishing the laying of the first holding anchor, the first mooring cable and the floating breakwater;
the ninth step: the engineering auxiliary ship continues to advance, and continuously releases the second mooring cable on the floating breakwater in the advancing process;
the tenth step: when the engineering auxiliary ship moves to the arrangement position of the second grabbing anchor, the second grabbing anchor is lowered, and the second grabbing anchor is completely contacted with the seabed;
the eleventh step: the inflation and deflation device is started, the volumes of the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball are adjusted, and the configuration of the first mooring cable and the second mooring cable can be changed by the change of the volumes of the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball;
the twelfth step: and after all the adjustments are completed, the adjustment of the initial state of the anchoring system can be completed.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the first mooring cable is matched with the guide wheel.
The second mooring rope is matched with the guide wheel.
A first mooring cable and a second mooring cable are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the floating breakwater.
The first adjustable air inflation and deflation floating ball and the second adjustable air inflation and deflation floating ball are symmetrically arranged.
The first grabbing anchor and the second grabbing anchor are symmetrically arranged.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, can realize the pretension adjustment of the mooring cable in the laying process by installing the floating breakwater on the engineering auxiliary ship in advance and symmetrically installing the grabbing anchor, the floating ball and other auxiliary components at the two ends of the floating square wave dike, can realize the quick laying of the breakwater anchoring system in a short time, reduces the wave size of a target sea area to a certain extent and meets the requirements of emergency rescue or short-term operation.
Meanwhile, the invention also has the following advantages:
(1) the pretension of the mooring lines is adjustable: the configuration size of the rapid laying type floating breakwater is generally small, so that an anchor chain winch device cannot be arranged on a breakwater main body to adjust the pretension of a mooring cable, but the pretension of the mooring cable is also important for controlling the movement of the breakwater, and the key problem is solved by connecting an adjustable inflatable floating ball on the mooring cable. The change of the volume of the gas in the floating ball is adjusted through the gas charging and discharging pipeline, the buoyancy provided by the floating body changes along with the change of the volume of the gas, the mooring cable connected with the floating ball deforms, and the tension of the mooring cable changes.
(2) The anchoring system is quickly arranged: the wet surface of the rapid distribution type floating breakwater is small, the borne wave load is relatively small, the conventional holding power anchor can meet the requirement of holding power, the holding power anchor can be rapidly lowered at the anchoring point position through the engineering auxiliary ship, the rapid positioning of the breakwater main body can be realized by moving the engineering auxiliary ship, and the rapid distribution of the breakwater anchoring system can be realized on the whole.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the breakwater system of the present invention in transport.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the lowering of the left hand grab anchor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the completion of lowering the left hand grab anchor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating completion of lowering of the breakwater according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the right anchoring system and the lowering of the holding power anchor of the breakwater according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the completion of the lowering of the breakwater and the mooring system according to the present invention.
Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the post-tensioning condition of the mooring system of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the configuration and tension of a mooring line when the buoyancy provided by the floating ball of the present invention is 5 tons.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the configuration and tension of a mooring line when the floating ball of the present invention provides a buoyancy of 1 ton.
Wherein: 1. a floating breakwater;
201. a first mooring line; 202. a second mooring line;
301. a first holding power anchor; 302. a second grip anchor;
401. the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball; 402. a second adjustable inflation/deflation floating ball;
501. a first air charging and discharging pipe; 502. a second air charging and discharging pipe;
6. an engineering auxiliary ship; 7. a water surface; 8. the sea floor; 9. a guide wheel; 10. and an inflation and deflation device.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the rapid deployment method of the breakwater anchoring system of the embodiment includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: a preparation device: preparing a needed floating breakwater 1, a first mooring cable 201, a second mooring cable 202, a first holding power anchor 301, a second holding power anchor 302, a first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 401, a second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 402, a first inflation and deflation pipe 501, a second inflation and deflation pipe 502, a guide wheel 9, an inflation and deflation device 10 and an engineering auxiliary ship 6;
the second step is that: installing a guide wheel 9 on the left end surface of the engineering auxiliary ship 6; the air charging and discharging device 10 is placed in the engineering auxiliary ship 6;
the third step: the method comprises the following steps that a floating breakwater 1 is placed on an engineering auxiliary ship 6, one end of the floating breakwater 1 is connected with a first grabbing anchor 301 through a first mooring cable 201, the other end of the floating breakwater 1 is connected with a second grabbing anchor 302 through a second mooring cable 202, the first mooring cable 201 is connected with a first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 401, the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 401 is connected with an inflation and deflation device 10 through a first inflation and deflation pipe 501, the second mooring cable 202 is connected with a second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 402, and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 402 is connected with the inflation and deflation device 10 through a second inflation and deflation pipe 502;
the fourth step: transporting the engineering auxiliary ship 6 installed in the third step to a target sea area on the water surface 7;
the fifth step: continuing to drive the engineering auxiliary ship 6 to the arrangement position of the first holding anchor 301;
and a sixth step: lowering the first holding power anchor 301 until the first holding power anchor 301 is completely contacted with the seabed 8;
the seventh step: continuing to advance the engineering auxiliary ship 6, continuously releasing the first mooring cable 201 in the advancing process, and when the engineering auxiliary ship 6 advances to the laying sea area position of the floating breakwater 1, completely releasing the first mooring cable 201;
eighth step: at the position of the laying sea area of the floating breakwater 1, laying the floating breakwater 1 in the water, and at the moment, finishing laying the first holding anchor 301, the first mooring cable 201 and the floating breakwater 1;
the ninth step: the engineering auxiliary ship 6 continues to advance, and continuously releases the second mooring rope 202 on the floating breakwater 1 in the advancing process;
the tenth step: when the engineering auxiliary ship 6 moves to the arrangement position of the second grabbing anchor 302, the second grabbing anchor 302 is lowered, and the second grabbing anchor 302 is in full contact with the seabed 8;
the eleventh step: the inflation and deflation device 10 is started, the volumes of the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 401 and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 402 are adjusted, and the configuration of the first mooring line 201 and the configuration of the second mooring line 202 are changed by the change of the volumes of the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 401 and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball 402;
the twelfth step: and after all the adjustments are completed, the adjustment of the initial state of the anchoring system can be completed.
Mooring line number one 201 cooperates with guide wheel 9.
Mooring line number two 202 cooperates with idler 9.
A first mooring cable 201 and a second mooring cable 202 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the floating breakwater 1.
The first adjustable air inflation and deflation floating ball 401 and the second adjustable air inflation and deflation floating ball 402 are symmetrically arranged.
The first holding power anchor 301 and the second holding power anchor 302 are symmetrically arranged.
As shown in fig. 8-9, the inflation and deflation of the float ball to affect the tension of the mooring line is explained in the form of a combination of a mooring line and a float ball.
The mooring cable is composed of two parts, the lying bottom section is a stepless anchor chain with the diameter of 115mm, the length of the stepless anchor chain is 95m, the suspension section connected with the mooring point is a nylon cable with the diameter of 50mm, the length of the nylon cable is 10m, the anchoring point is 20m underwater, the mooring radius is 100m, when the floating ball is in an inflation state, 5 tons of net buoyancy is provided, the tension of the mooring cable is 8.52 tons, the floating ball is deflated, the volume of the floating body is reduced, 1 ton of net buoyancy is provided, and the tension of the mooring cable is 11.28 tons. Therefore, the tension of the mooring cable can be effectively increased by reducing the volume of the floating ball, and the effect of adjusting the tension of the mooring cable is achieved.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: a preparation device: preparing a needed floating breakwater (1), a first mooring cable (201), a second mooring cable (202), a first grabbing anchor (301), a second grabbing anchor (302), a first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (401), a second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (402), a first inflation and deflation pipe (501), a second inflation and deflation pipe (502), a guide wheel (9), an inflation and deflation device (10) and an engineering auxiliary ship (6);
the second step is that: installing a guide wheel (9) on the left end surface of the engineering auxiliary ship (6); the air charging and discharging device (10) is arranged in the engineering auxiliary ship (6);
the third step: the method comprises the steps that a floating breakwater (1) is placed on an engineering auxiliary ship (6), one end of the floating breakwater (1) is connected with a first grabbing anchor (301) through a first mooring cable (201), the other end of the floating breakwater (1) is connected with a second grabbing anchor (302) through a second mooring cable (202), a first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (401) is connected onto the first mooring cable (201), the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (401) is connected with an inflation and deflation device (10) through a first inflation and deflation pipe (501), a second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (402) is connected onto the second mooring cable (202), and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (402) is connected with the inflation and deflation device (10) through a second inflation and deflation pipe (502);
the fourth step: transporting the engineering auxiliary ship (6) installed in the third step to a target sea area on the water surface (7);
the fifth step: continuing to drive the engineering auxiliary ship (6) to the arrangement position of the first holding anchor (301);
and a sixth step: lowering the first gripping anchor (301) until the first gripping anchor (301) is completely contacted with the seabed (8);
the seventh step: continuously advancing the engineering auxiliary ship (6), continuously releasing a first mooring cable (201) in the advancing process, and finishing the release of the first mooring cable (201) when the engineering auxiliary ship (6) advances to the laying sea area position of the floating breakwater (1);
eighth step: at the position of the laying sea area of the floating breakwater (1), the floating breakwater (1) is laid in water, and at the moment, the first grabbing anchor (301), the first mooring cable (201) and the floating breakwater (1) are laid;
the ninth step: the engineering auxiliary ship (6) continues to advance, and continuously releases the second mooring cable (202) on the floating breakwater (1) in the advancing process;
the tenth step: when the auxiliary ship (6) to be engineered moves to the arrangement position of the second grabbing anchor (302), the second grabbing anchor (302) is lowered, and the second grabbing anchor (302) is in full contact with the seabed (8);
the eleventh step: the inflation and deflation device (10) is started, the volumes of the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (401) and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (402) are adjusted, and the configuration of the first mooring cable (201) and the configuration of the second mooring cable (202) are changed by the change of the volumes of the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (401) and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (402);
the twelfth step: and after all the adjustments are completed, the adjustment of the initial state of the anchoring system can be completed.
2. The rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the first mooring cable (201) is matched with the guide wheel (9).
3. The rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the second mooring cable (202) is matched with the guide wheel (9).
4. The rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein: a first mooring cable (201) and a second mooring cable (202) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the floating breakwater (1).
5. The rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the first adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (401) and the second adjustable inflation and deflation floating ball (402) are symmetrically arranged.
6. The rapid deployment method of a breakwater anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the first grabbing anchor (301) and the second grabbing anchor (302) are symmetrically arranged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110653802.2A CN113309039B (en) | 2021-06-11 | 2021-06-11 | Rapid deployment method for breakwater anchoring system |
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| CN202110653802.2A CN113309039B (en) | 2021-06-11 | 2021-06-11 | Rapid deployment method for breakwater anchoring system |
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| CN113309039B CN113309039B (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113968311A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-01-25 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | High-holding-power combined anchor suitable for offshore platform mooring system and operation method |
| CN114108549A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-01 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Quick erection system and method for ultra-long modular floating breakwater |
| CN114620195A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-14 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司德州电厂 | Device for improving underwater positioning precision of anchoring block for limiting of overwater photovoltaic module |
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| CN108755573A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of novel flexible floating breakwater |
| CN108824353A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of removable water pocket breakwater of flexible gravity formula |
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2021
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| CN102174802A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-09-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Floated breakwater for utilizing wave energy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113968311A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-01-25 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | High-holding-power combined anchor suitable for offshore platform mooring system and operation method |
| CN114108549A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-01 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Quick erection system and method for ultra-long modular floating breakwater |
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| CN114620195A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-14 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司德州电厂 | Device for improving underwater positioning precision of anchoring block for limiting of overwater photovoltaic module |
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|---|---|
| CN113309039B (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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