CN113307606A - Preparation method of polished ceramic tile with large amount of fly ash - Google Patents
Preparation method of polished ceramic tile with large amount of fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN113307606A CN113307606A CN202110629172.5A CN202110629172A CN113307606A CN 113307606 A CN113307606 A CN 113307606A CN 202110629172 A CN202110629172 A CN 202110629172A CN 113307606 A CN113307606 A CN 113307606A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020610 powder formula Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018404 Al2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004742 Na2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017344 Fe2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a glazed ceramic tile with a large amount of added fly ash, which takes fly ash as a main raw material, adopts crystal-transparent fritted overglaze, can eliminate organic matters in a blank as much as possible by improving the initial dissolution temperature of the overglaze, avoids the problems of poor black-heart oxidation and glaze color formation easily caused by high content of the fly ash organic matters and unfavorable fast firing, and adopts the crystal-transparent wear-resistant fritted glaze in the glazing process, thereby reducing the melting temperature of the glaze and ensuring the wear-resistant hardness of the glaze.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic metal material ceramics, in particular to a preparation method of a glazed ceramic tile with a large amount of fly ash.
Background
The fly ash is used as a waste resource of a peripheral power plant, the yield is high, the treatment is difficult, the competition of ceramics is intensified in recent years, the reasonable utilization of the peripheral resource, the energy conservation and the consumption reduction are the necessary way for the development of enterprises, and the maximum utilization of the fly ash as a raw material of a ceramic body blank is not slow.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the preparation method of the glazed ceramic tile with a large amount of added fly ash is provided, the fly ash is mainly used as the main raw material of the ceramic body blank, the resource utilization of wastes can be effectively realized, the firing temperature is greatly reduced, the firing period is shortened, and the production cost is obviously reduced.
The preparation method of the glazed ceramic tile added with a large amount of fly ash for realizing the aim of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing blank bottom powder:
the mass percentage of the powder material at the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: : fly ash: 45-50% of clay, 15-20% of talc, 3-5% of quartz and 20-25% of potash feldspar;
the particle grade of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: less than or equal to 0.5 percent on 20 meshes, 20 to 30 percent on 40 meshes, 30 to 50 percent on 40 to 60 meshes and less than 3 percent under 100 meshes;
the chemical composition percentage of the bottom powder of the blank body is as follows: SiO 22：63％、Al2O3：21％、Fe2O3：0.5、MgO：1％、CaO：0.8％、MgO：1％、K2O：3.2％、Na2O：2.5％、TiO2: 0.3 percent, the powder of the bottom layer of the blank is detected by a rapid analyzer, and the specific technical indexes are as follows: firing synthetic color: 48 DEG, shrinkage: 9% and scorching: 3.5 percent;
the water content of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: 8.0-8.5%, the particle size composition is: not more than 0.5% on 20 meshes, 20-40 meshes: 20-30%, 40-60 mesh: 30-50% and less than 3% under 100 meshes;
(2) preparing a blank body:
feeding the powder at the bottom layer of the blank into a press by a conveyor belt for molding to prepare a green blank;
(3) drying the green body, namely conveying the pressed and molded green body to a drying kiln, firstly drying at 200 ℃ for 30min, and then drying at 200-150 ℃ for 30min to prepare a ceramic tile green body, wherein the water content of the ceramic tile green body reaches below 0.5%, the brick discharging temperature is controlled at 100-110 ℃, and the drying strength reaches 1.2-1.5 bar;
(4) water spraying of the glaze line: after the ceramic tile green body is taken out of the drying kiln, sending the ceramic tile green body into a glaze line for spraying water, wherein the water application amount is 40-60g, so as to protect the surface of the ceramic tile green body from being wet and open pores on the surface of the ceramic tile green body;
(5) preparing overglaze:
the overglaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: quartz: 10-15%, calcined kaolin: 15-25, calcined talc: 10-15%, alumina: 15-20%, potassium feldspar: 20-30%, frit: 10 to 15 percent;
the frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: na (Na)2O：2.5％、CaO：0.8％、Al2 O3：21％、SiO2：63％、B2O3：20％、ZrSiO4：25％；
The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: SiO 22：60％、Al2O3：23％、Fe2 O3：0.3％、CaO：1.3％、MgO：1％、K2 O：1.5％、Na2O：3％、ZrSiO4：5.1％、TiO2: 0.3%, BaO: 0.2 percent, and the glazing weight of the overglaze is as follows: 450-500 g;
(6) ink-jet printing: matching the design and color according to the design and color requirements of the board surface;
(7) and (3) glaze polishing preparation:
the glaze-polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: potassium feldspar: 25% of frit: 20%, kaolin: 10%, zinc oxide: 3.5%, barium carbonate: 6.5%, calcite: 5%, talc: 5%, corundum: 3%, strontium carbonate: 2%, albite: 5% of dolomite: 10 percent;
(8) preparing a base glaze: on the ceramic tile blankApplying a ground coat at the bottom of the body, wherein the ground coat comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 100% magnesium oxide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: putting raw materials of the ground glaze into ball milling equipment, performing ball milling to prepare ground glaze slurry, sieving the ground glaze slurry subjected to ball milling through a 250-mesh sieve, and controlling the specific gravity to be as follows: 1.15-1.25g/cm3；
(9) Firing: firing the ceramic tile blank treated in the step (8) at 45-980 ℃ for 10min, then at 980-1180 ℃ for 15min, then at 1200 ℃ for 10min, and finally cooling at 1000 ℃ for 10 min;
(10) polishing and waxing by a polishing machine.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the preparation process of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, purifying the fly ash, then respectively crushing all the raw materials, sieving the crushed materials with a 80-mesh sieve, completely passing the crushed materials, then loading the crushed materials into a feeder, mixing the materials by using a full-automatic batching system according to a blank bottom powder formula, loading the mixture into continuous ball mill equipment after uniform mixing, ball-milling to prepare bottom slurry, and guiding the ground bottom slurry into a drying tower for drying to prepare blank bottom powder for later use.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, the preparation process of the overglaze raw material in the step (5) comprises the steps of weighing raw materials according to an overglaze formula, uniformly mixing, putting into ball milling equipment, ball milling to prepare overglaze slurry, sieving the ball-milled overglaze slurry with a 325-mesh sieve, and uniformly stirring, wherein the fineness is 0.2-0.5%, and the specific gravity is as follows: 1.8-1.87g/cm3The flow rate is: 35 "-70".
As a further improvement of the above scheme, in the step (7), the preparation process of the glaze polishing raw material comprises: weighing the raw materials according to a glaze polishing formula, uniformly mixing, putting into ball milling equipment, and performing ball milling to prepare glaze polishing slurry, wherein the glaze polishing slurry discharged from the ball milling is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve, and the specific gravity is as follows: 1.84-1.88g/cm3The flow rate is: 35 '-70', fineness is: 0.3-0.5%, wherein the polishing slurry comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 22：63％、Al2O3：17％、Fe2O3：0.3％、CaO：3％、MgO：1.5％、K2 O：3.2％、Na2 O：2.5％、TiO2: 0.3 percent, the glazing weight of the glaze polishing layer is as follows: 450 and 500 g.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the water content of the bottom layer slurry discharged from the ball mill is as follows: 35-38%, and the specific gravity is: 1.63-1.68g/cm3The flow rate is: 30 '-50', the fineness of the screening is: the residue of the 250-mesh sieve is 1.5-1.8%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the glazed ceramic tile with a large amount of added fly ash provided by the invention has the advantages that fly ash is used as a main raw material, the crystal-transparent fritted overglaze is adopted, organic matters in a blank body can be removed as much as possible by increasing the initial dissolving temperature of the overglaze, the problems that the fly ash is unfavorable for quick firing, poor black-heart oxidation is easily caused in firing and the glaze is colored are solved, the crystal-transparent wear-resistant fritted glaze is adopted in the overglaze, the melting temperature of the glaze is reduced, the wear-resistant hardness of the glaze is ensured, and finally, the high-temperature heat preservation mode is adopted for improving the strength and the flatness of the tile body, so that the resource utilization of wastes is effectively realized, the firing temperature is greatly reduced, the firing period is shortened, and the production cost is remarkably reduced, therefore, the preparation method has a wide market background.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the preparation method of the polished ceramic tile added with a large amount of fly ash for achieving the purpose of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing blank bottom powder:
the mass percentage of the powder material at the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: : fly ash: 45-50% of clay, 15-20% of talc, 3-5% of quartz and 20-25% of potash feldspar; the preparation process of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank in the step (1) comprises the following steps: purifying fly ash, crushing all the materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, mixing with automatic material compounding system, ball milling in continuous ball mill to obtain bottom slurry, and dischargingThe ground bottom slurry is guided into a drying tower to be dried, the ground bottom slurry is made into blank bottom powder for later use, and the water content of the ground bottom slurry is as follows: 35-38%, and the specific gravity is: 1.63-1.68g/cm3The flow rate is: 30 '-50', the fineness of the screening is: the residue of the 250-mesh sieve is 1.5-1.8%. .
The particle grade of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: less than or equal to 0.5 percent on 20 meshes, 20 to 30 percent on 40 meshes, 30 to 50 percent on 40 to 60 meshes and less than 3 percent under 100 meshes;
the chemical composition percentage of the blank bottom layer powder material is as follows: SiO 22：63％、Al2O3：21％、Fe2O3：0.5、MgO：1％、CaO：0.8％、MgO：1％、K2O：3.2％、Na2O：2.5％、TiO2: 0.3 percent, detecting the powder of the bottom layer of the blank by a rapid analyzer, and obtaining the following specific technical indexes: firing synthetic color: 48 DEG, shrinkage: 9% and scorching: 3.5 percent;
the water content of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: 8.0-8.5%, the particle size composition is: not more than 0.5% on 20 meshes, 20-40 meshes: 20-30%, 40-60 mesh: 30-50% and less than 3% under 100 meshes;
(2) preparing a blank body:
feeding the powder at the bottom layer of the blank into a press by a conveyor belt for molding to prepare a green blank;
(3) drying the green body, namely conveying the pressed and molded green body to a drying kiln, firstly drying at 200 ℃ for 30min, and then drying at 200-150 ℃ for 30min to prepare a ceramic tile green body, wherein the water content of the ceramic tile green body reaches below 0.5%, the brick discharging temperature is controlled at 100-110 ℃, and the drying strength reaches 1.2-1.5 bar;
(4) water spraying of the glaze line: after the ceramic tile green body is taken out of the drying kiln, sending the ceramic tile green body into a glaze line for spraying water, wherein the water application amount is 40-60g, so as to protect the surface of the ceramic tile green body from being wet and open pores on the surface of the ceramic tile green body;
(5) preparing overglaze:
the overglaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: quartz: 10-15%, calcined kaolin: 15-25, calcined talc: 10-15%, alumina: 15-20%, potassium feldspar: 20-30%, frit: 10 to 15 percent; the preparation process of the overglaze raw material in the step (5) comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials according to the overglaze formula, uniformly mixing, and then putting into a ball mill device for ball millingPreparing into overglaze slurry, sieving the ball-milled overglaze slurry with a 325-mesh sieve, and uniformly stirring to obtain the overglaze slurry with the fineness of 0.2-0.5% and the specific gravity: 1.8-1.87g/cm3The flow rate is: 35 "-70".
The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: na (Na)2O：2.5％、CaO：0.8％、Al2O3：21％、SiO2：63％、B2O3：20％、ZrSiO4：25％；
The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: SiO 22：60％、Al2 O3：23％、Fe2O3：0.3％、CaO：1.3％、MgO：1％、K2O：1.5％、Na2O：3％、ZrSiO4：5.1％、TiO2: 0.3%, BaO: 0.2 percent, and the glazing weight of the overglaze is as follows: 450-500 g;
(6) ink-jet printing: matching the design and color according to the design and color requirements of the board surface;
(7) and (3) glaze polishing preparation:
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: potassium feldspar: 25% of frit: 20%, kaolin: 10%, zinc oxide: 3.5%, barium carbonate: 6.5%, calcite: 5%, talc: 5%, corundum: 3%, strontium carbonate: 2%, albite: 5% of dolomite: 10 percent; the glaze polishing raw material preparation process in the step (7) comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to a glaze polishing formula, uniformly mixing, putting into ball milling equipment, and performing ball milling to prepare glaze polishing slurry, wherein the glaze polishing slurry discharged from the ball milling is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve, and the specific gravity is as follows: 1.84-1.88g/cm3The flow rate is: 35 '-70', fineness is: 0.3-0.5%, the chemical components of the glaze polishing slurry are as follows: SiO 22：63％、Al2O3：17％、Fe2O3：0.3％、CaO：3％、MgO：1.5％、K2O：3.2％、Na2 O：2.5％、TiO2: 0.3 percent, the glazing weight of the glaze polishing layer is as follows: 450 and 500 g.
(8) Preparing a base glaze: applying a base coat at the bottom of the ceramic tile blank, wherein the base coat comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 100% magnesium oxide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: putting the raw materials of the ground glaze into ball milling equipment for ball milling to prepare ground glaze slurry, sieving the ground glaze slurry obtained by ball milling with a 250-mesh sieve, and passing the ground glaze slurry completely throughThe specific gravity is controlled as follows: 1.15-1.25g/cm3；
(9) Firing: firing the ceramic tile blank treated in the step (8) at 45-980 ℃ for 10min, then at 980-1180 ℃ for 15min, then at 1200 ℃ for 10min, and finally cooling at 1000 ℃ for 10 min;
(10) polishing and waxing by a polishing machine.
The above embodiments are not limited to the technical solutions of the embodiments themselves, and the embodiments may be combined with each other into a new embodiment. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a glazed ceramic tile with a large amount of fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing blank bottom powder:
the mass percentage of the powder material at the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: : fly ash: 45-50% of clay, 15-20% of talc, 3-5% of quartz and 20-25% of potash feldspar;
the particle grade of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: less than or equal to 0.5 percent on 20 meshes, 20 to 30 percent on 40 meshes, 30 to 50 percent on 40 to 60 meshes and less than 3 percent under 100 meshes;
the chemical composition percentage of the bottom powder of the blank body is as follows: SiO 22：63％、Al2O3：21％、Fe2O3：0.5、MgO：1％、CaO：0.8％、MgO：1％、K2O：3.2％、Na2O：2.5％、TiO2: 0.3 percent, the powder of the bottom layer of the blank is detected by a rapid analyzer, and the specific technical indexes are as follows: firing synthetic color: 48 DEG, shrinkage: 9% and scorching: 3.5 percent;
the water content of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank body is as follows: 8.0-8.5%, the particle size composition is: not more than 0.5% on 20 meshes, 20-40 meshes: 20-30%, 40-60 mesh: 30-50% and less than 3% under 100 meshes;
(2) preparing a blank body:
feeding the powder at the bottom layer of the blank into a press by a conveyor belt for molding to prepare a green blank;
(3) drying the green body, namely conveying the pressed and molded green body to a drying kiln, firstly drying at 200 ℃ for 30min, and then drying at 200-150 ℃ for 30min to prepare a ceramic tile green body, wherein the water content of the ceramic tile green body reaches below 0.5%, the brick discharging temperature is controlled at 100-110 ℃, and the drying strength reaches 1.2-1.5 bar;
(4) water spraying of the glaze line: after the ceramic tile green body is taken out of the drying kiln, sending the ceramic tile green body into a glaze line for spraying water, wherein the water application amount is 40-60g, so as to protect the surface of the ceramic tile green body from being wet and open pores on the surface of the ceramic tile green body;
(5) preparing overglaze:
the overglaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: quartz: 10-15%, calcined kaolin: 15-25, calcined talc: 10-15%, alumina: 15-20%, potassium feldspar: 20-30%, frit: 10 to 15 percent;
the frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: na (Na)2O：2.5％、CaO：0.8％、Al2O3：21％、SiO2：63％、B2O3：20％、ZrSiO4：25％；
The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: SiO 22：60％、Al2O3：23％、Fe2O3：0.3％、CaO：1.3％、MgO：1％、K2O：1.5％、Na2O：3％、ZrSiO4：5.1％、TiO2: 0.3%, BaO: 0.2 percent, and the glazing weight of the overglaze is as follows: 450-500 g;
(6) ink-jet printing: matching the design and color according to the design and color requirements of the board surface;
(7) and (3) glaze polishing preparation:
the glaze-polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: potassium feldspar: 25% of frit: 20%, kaolin: 10%, zinc oxide: 3.5%, barium carbonate: 6.5%, calcite: 5%, talc: 5%, corundum: 3%, strontium carbonate: 2%, albite: 5% of dolomite: 10 percent;
(8) preparing a base glaze: applying a base coat at the bottom of the ceramic tile blank, wherein the base coat comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 100% magnesium oxide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: applying a ground coatThe raw materials are put into ball milling equipment for ball milling to prepare ground glaze slurry, the ground glaze slurry discharged from the ball milling is sieved by a 250-mesh sieve and passes through the sieve, and the specific gravity is controlled as follows: 1.15-1.25g/cm3；
(9) Firing: firing the ceramic tile blank treated in the step (8) at 45-980 ℃ for 10min, then at 980-1180 ℃ for 15min, then at 1200 ℃ for 10min, and finally cooling at 1000 ℃ for 10 min;
(10) polishing and waxing by a polishing machine.
2. The method for preparing a polished ceramic tile with a large amount of added fly ash according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the powder of the bottom layer of the blank in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, purifying the fly ash, then respectively crushing all the raw materials, sieving the crushed materials with a 80-mesh sieve, completely passing the crushed materials, then loading the crushed materials into a feeder, mixing the materials by using a full-automatic batching system according to a blank bottom powder formula, loading the mixture into continuous ball mill equipment after uniform mixing, ball-milling to prepare bottom slurry, and guiding the ground bottom slurry into a drying tower for drying to prepare blank bottom powder for later use.
3. The method for preparing a polished ceramic tile with a large amount of added fly ash according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the overglaze raw material in the step (5) comprises the following steps of weighing raw materials according to an overglaze formula, uniformly mixing, putting into ball milling equipment, ball milling to prepare overglaze slurry, sieving the ball-milled overglaze slurry with a 325-mesh sieve, uniformly stirring, wherein the fineness is 0.2-0.5%, and the specific gravity is as follows: 1.8-1.87g/cm3The flow rate is: 35 "-70".
4. The method for preparing a polished ceramic tile with a large amount of added fly ash according to claim 1, wherein: the glaze polishing raw material preparation process in the step (7) comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to a glaze polishing formula, uniformly mixing, putting into ball milling equipment, and performing ball milling to prepare glaze polishing slurry, wherein the glaze polishing slurry discharged from the ball milling is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve, and the specific gravity is as follows: 1.84-1.88g/cm3The flow rate is: 35 '-70', fineness is: 0.3-0.5%, wherein the polishing slurry comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 22：63％、Al2O3：17％、Fe2O3：0.3％、CaO：3％、MgO：1.5％、K2O：3.2％、Na2O：2.5％、TiO2: 0.3 percent, the glazing weight of the glaze polishing layer is as follows: 450 and 500 g.
5. The method for preparing a polished ceramic tile with a large amount of added fly ash according to claim 2, wherein: the water content of the bottom slurry discharged from the ball mill is as follows: 35-38%, and the specific gravity is: 1.63-1.68g/cm3The flow rate is: 30 '-50', the fineness of the screening is: the residue of the 250-mesh sieve is 1.5-1.8%.
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