CN113307576A - Powder solid waste granulation baking-free brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Powder solid waste granulation baking-free brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113307576A CN113307576A CN202110699837.XA CN202110699837A CN113307576A CN 113307576 A CN113307576 A CN 113307576A CN 202110699837 A CN202110699837 A CN 202110699837A CN 113307576 A CN113307576 A CN 113307576A
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a powder solid waste granulation baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of solid waste building material resource utilization. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking 80-90% of powder solid waste and 10-20% of hydraulic cementing material according to weight percentage, adding water and a water reducing agent for granulation to prepare solid waste particles with the particle size of 1-30 mm; mixing 70-80% of powder solid waste and 20-30% of hydraulic cementing material according to weight percentage to obtain the cementing material; according to the weight percentage, 20-30% of cementing material, 20-40% of solid waste particles with the particle size of less than 5mm and 30-60% of solid waste particles with the particle size of more than 5mm are taken, water and water reducing agent are added for mixing and forming, and the baking-free brick is prepared. The invention uses powder solid waste granulation to obstruct crack propagation, can exert mechanical property established by active solid waste powder molding to the maximum extent, and provides a more practical and reliable new path for powder solid waste recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste building material utilization, and particularly relates to a powdery solid waste granulation baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the gradual development of industry, China discharges a large amount of solid waste of various industrial powders including slag, fly ash, red mud and the like every year. However, the effective utilization rate of the solid waste of the powder is very low in China at present, and the solid waste is generally treated by mainly adopting modes such as landfill, storage yard accumulation and the like. In recent years, as powder solid waste is continuously discharged and accumulated, a large amount of agricultural cultivated land is occupied, and serious pollution and damage are caused to the surrounding ecological environment. How to effectively treat the problem of solid waste of the continuously accumulated powder becomes a difficult problem restricting the further development of the society.
At present, raw material resources in the building industry are in short supply, and the preparation of the wall brick by using powder solid wastes as main raw materials is an effective way for utilizing building material resources. The wall brick is accelerating to harmless resource to absorb powder solid waste and construct green functional industrial transformation of a circular economy industrial chain.
The wall brick is divided into a sintered brick and a baking-free brick according to different production processes. The strength and durability of the baked brick are good, but the high-temperature calcination is needed, so that the problems of high unit energy consumption, backward annular kiln calcination process, environmental pollution and the like exist, the policy guidelines of green energy conservation, environmental protection and the like advocated by the state at the present stage are not met, and the sintered brick is gradually eliminated by social development. The baking-free brick as new wall material is a promising substitute for sintered brick.
The baking-free brick is made up by using active solid waste powder as main raw material, adding coagulator and trace chemical additive according to a certain proportion and adopting a reasonable scientific formula to make the grain size, humidity and mixing degree be intensified and treated by means of reasonable equipment process so as to obtain the optimum plastic state. And then the brick is pressed and formed under high pressure, so that the brick body is quickly hardened, the effect is better when the brick is longer, the brick has good practicability, the brick does not need to be soaked when being used for building a wall, and the appearance is neat. The material has standard size, complete appearance and uniform color, has simple and natural appearance, and can be used as a dry wall or any external decoration.
Although the powder solid waste baking-free brick has good application prospect, the powder solid waste baking-free brick is mainly formed by solid waste powder and is similar to cement paste, so that the brittleness is extremely high, and micro cracks are easily generated even if the powder solid waste baking-free brick bears small load. Stress of the microcracks cannot be released to form pressure concentration, so that the single microcrack rapidly expands under a small load until the single microcrack penetrates through the matrix to generate structural damage, and the real mechanical property established by the molding of the active solid waste powder is not fully exerted, so that the strength of the powder solid waste baking-free brick is low. Therefore, how to prepare the high-strength powder solid waste baking-free brick with high powder solid waste mixing amount has a vital significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a baking-free brick prepared by granulating solid waste powder and a preparation method thereof, which can play the mechanical properties established by forming active solid waste powder to the maximum extent by blocking crack propagation through granulating solid waste powder and provide a more practical and reliable new path for recycling solid waste powder.
The technical scheme is as follows: a preparation method of a baking-free brick by powder solid waste granulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an aggregate: taking 80-90% of powder solid waste and 10-20% of hydraulic cementing material according to weight percentage, adding water and a water reducing agent for granulation to prepare solid waste particles with the particle size of 1-30 mm;
s2, preparing a cementing material: mixing 70-80% of powder solid waste and 20-30% of hydraulic cementing material according to weight percentage to obtain the cementing material;
s3, preparing baking-free bricks: according to the weight percentage, 20-30% of cementing material, 20-40% of solid waste particles with the particle size of less than 5mm and 30-60% of solid waste particles with the particle size of more than 5mm are taken, water and water reducing agent are added for mixing and forming, and the baking-free brick is prepared.
Preferably, the water-to-glue ratio of the solid waste particles in the step S1 is 0.20-0.30, and the weight of the water reducing agent accounts for 0.5-1.0% of the total weight of the powder solid waste and the hydraulic cementing material.
Preferably, in the step S3, the water-cement ratio of the baking-free brick is 0.10-0.20, and the weight of the water reducing agent accounts for 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the cementing material.
Preferably, in step S3, the forming method is casting or brick press forming.
Preferably, the particle size of the solid waste powder particles is less than 200 microns.
Preferably, the powder solid waste is one or more of fly ash, red mud, desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, carbide mud, building residue soil and sludge.
Preferably, the hydraulic cementing material is one or more of Portland series cement, sulphoaluminate cement, geopolymer and magnesium phosphate cement.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a naphthalene-based, aliphatic or polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The baking-free brick prepared by the preparation method.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, the active solid waste powder is used as a cementing material to wrap the solid waste granulation ball to form a stressed framework system, so that the ductility and the crack resistance of the formed baking-free brick are greatly improved; and secondly, even when microcracks are generated under the action of extreme load, the barrier formed by the aggregate also limits the development of the microcracks to a great extent, plays a role in blocking crack propagation and ensures that the brick body cannot generate structural damage due to the generation of single microcracks. Therefore, the baking-free brick prepared by granulating the solid waste of the powder not only solves the problem of brittleness, but also gives full play to the mechanical property established by the solid waste forming of the powder to the greatest extent.
The raw materials adopted by the invention mainly comprise powder solid wastes (accounting for about 80 percent), only one part of the powder solid wastes is granulated, and other high-cost cementing materials are not introduced. Under the condition of ensuring that the raw materials adopted by the traditional powder solid waste baking-free brick are basically the same, the problem that the mechanical property established by the traditional powder solid waste baking-free brick molding is not fully exerted, so that the strength of the brick is very low is thoroughly solved, the strength of the high-doped powder solid waste baking-free brick is greatly improved, and a more practical and reliable new path is provided for the powder solid waste recycling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional powder solid waste baking-free brick damaged by a small load;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the blocking effect of the granulation balls of the solid waste particles of the baking-free brick provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of red mud aggregate particles
Taking Bayer process red mud generated by an aluminum plant as a treatment object, taking 80% of Bayer process red mud and 20% of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement in percentage by weight, adding water and a water reducing agent for granulation, and preparing solid waste particles with the particle size of 1-30 mm; (2) preparation of cementitious Material
According to the weight percentage, 80 percent of Bayer process red mud and 20 percent of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement are uniformly mixed to prepare a cementing material;
(3) preparation of baking-free brick
According to the weight percentage, 20 percent of cementing material, 40 percent of solid waste particles with the particle size of less than 5mm and 40 percent of solid waste particles with the particle size of more than 5mm are taken, added with water and mixed with a water reducing agent, and are pressed and formed by a brick making machine, thus obtaining the baking-free brick.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of red mud aggregate particles
Bayer process red mud generated in an aluminum plant is taken as a treatment object, and the particle size of the Bayer process red mud is less than 200 microns. According to the weight percentage, 90 percent of Bayer process red mud and 10 percent of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement are taken, added with water and a water reducing agent for granulation, and solid waste particles with the particle size of 1-30 mm are prepared;
(2) preparation of cementitious Material
According to the weight percentage, 70 percent of Bayer process red mud and 30 percent of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement are uniformly mixed to prepare a cementing material;
(3) preparation of baking-free brick
According to the weight percentage, 30 percent of gelled material, 20 percent of solid waste particles with the particle size of less than 5mm and 50 percent of solid waste particles with the particle size of more than 5mm are taken, added with water and mixed with a water reducing agent, and are pressed and formed by a brick making machine, thus obtaining the baking-free brick.
Comparative example
Bayer process red mud generated in an aluminum plant is taken as a treatment object, 70 percent of Bayer process red mud (powder solid waste) and 30 percent of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement are taken according to weight percentage, added with water and mixed with a water reducing agent, and pressed and formed by a brick making machine to prepare the baking-free brick.
Test results and analysis
The compression strength of the baking-free bricks of examples 1 and 2 and the comparative examples, which were subjected to standard curing to a predetermined age, was measured in accordance with national standard GB5101-2003 and is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 baking-free brick Strength of examples and control
As can be seen from table 1, although the amount of the solid waste (red mud) in the powder in examples 1 and 2 is higher than that in the comparative example, the compressive strength is much higher than that in the comparative example, and the strength reaches the strength grade of MU 20.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a mechanism for preventing crack propagation of powder solid waste baking-free bricks by powder solid waste granulation:
the traditional powder solid waste baking-free brick is a solidified body formed by taking solid waste powder as a main raw material through high-pressure pressing, and is similar to a cement paste formed body, so that the brittleness is very high, micro cracks are easy to generate even a small load is borne, and the stress of the micro cracks cannot be released to form pressure concentration. As shown in FIG. 1, the single micro-crack rapidly develops without hindrance under stress concentration until the structural damage occurs through the matrix, and the real mechanical properties established by the molding of the active solid waste powder are not fully exerted. The single microcrack can propagate rapidly without hindrance under stress concentration, which is the root cause of the low strength of the traditional powder solid waste baking-free brick.
The solid waste powder is granulated, and the granulated solid waste powder and the calcareous cementing material establish higher mechanical strength. As shown in figure 2, the baking-free brick is prepared by taking the activated carbon as an aggregate, and forms a stressed framework system with the activated powder solid waste cementing material, so that the ductility (crack resistance under the action of small load) is improved. When a plurality of microcracks are generated under the action of extreme load, the barrier formed by the aggregate also limits the development of the microcracks to a great extent, plays a role in blocking crack expansion and ensures that the brick body cannot generate structural damage due to the generation of single microcrack. Therefore, the baking-free brick prepared by granulating the solid powder wastes not only solves the brittleness problem, but also gives full play to the mechanical properties of the solid powder wastes to the greatest extent.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a baking-free brick by powder solid waste granulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an aggregate: taking 80-90% of powder solid waste and 10-20% of hydraulic cementing material according to weight percentage, adding water and a water reducing agent for granulation to prepare solid waste particles with the particle size of 1-30 mm;
s2, preparing a cementing material: mixing 70-80% of powder solid waste and 20-30% of hydraulic cementing material according to weight percentage to obtain the cementing material;
s3, preparing baking-free bricks: according to the weight percentage, 20-30% of cementing material, 20-40% of solid waste particles with the particle size of less than 5mm and 30-60% of solid waste particles with the particle size of more than 5mm are taken, water and water reducing agent are added for mixing and forming, and the baking-free brick is prepared.
2. The method for preparing the baking-free brick through powder solid waste granulation according to claim 1, wherein the water-cement ratio of the solid waste particles in the step S1 is 0.20-0.30, and the weight of the water reducing agent accounts for 0.5-1.0% of the total weight of the powder solid waste and the hydraulic cementing material.
3. The preparation method of the baking-free brick through powder solid waste granulation according to claim 1, wherein the water-cement ratio of the baking-free brick in the step S3 is 0.10-0.20, and the weight of the water reducing agent accounts for 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the cementing material.
4. The method for preparing the baking-free brick through powder solid waste granulation according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the forming mode is pouring forming or brick machine pressing forming.
5. The method for preparing the baking-free brick through powder solid waste granulation according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the powder solid waste particles is less than 200 microns.
6. The method for preparing the baking-free brick through granulation of solid waste powder according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste powder is one or more of fly ash, red mud, desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, carbide mud, construction residue and sludge.
7. The method for preparing the baking-free brick by powder solid waste granulation according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic cementing material is one or more of Portland series cement, sulphoaluminate cement, geopolymer and magnesium phosphate cement.
8. The method for preparing the baking-free brick through powder solid waste granulation according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a naphthalene-based, aliphatic or polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
9. A baking-free brick prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102381856A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-21 | 贵州省建筑材料科学研究设计院 | Red-mud non-fired non-steamed paving brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN107162528A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-15 | 深圳市绿志新型建材研究院有限公司 | A kind of remaining body refuse soil is non-burning brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN107352863A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-11-17 | 深圳市绿志新型建材研究院有限公司 | A kind of sludge strengthens non-burning brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN111268979A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-06-12 | 山东大学 | High-strength baking-free slope protection brick based on all-solid waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN111302746A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-19 | 山东大学 | Red mud-based ceramsite concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-06-23 CN CN202110699837.XA patent/CN113307576A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102381856A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-21 | 贵州省建筑材料科学研究设计院 | Red-mud non-fired non-steamed paving brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN107162528A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-15 | 深圳市绿志新型建材研究院有限公司 | A kind of remaining body refuse soil is non-burning brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN107352863A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-11-17 | 深圳市绿志新型建材研究院有限公司 | A kind of sludge strengthens non-burning brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN111268979A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-06-12 | 山东大学 | High-strength baking-free slope protection brick based on all-solid waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN111302746A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-19 | 山东大学 | Red mud-based ceramsite concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210827 |