CN113300111A - Impedance-adjustable super surface and dynamic switching method for reflection, transmission and absorption of impedance-adjustable super surface - Google Patents
Impedance-adjustable super surface and dynamic switching method for reflection, transmission and absorption of impedance-adjustable super surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN113300111A CN113300111A CN202110493619.0A CN202110493619A CN113300111A CN 113300111 A CN113300111 A CN 113300111A CN 202110493619 A CN202110493619 A CN 202110493619A CN 113300111 A CN113300111 A CN 113300111A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses an impedance adjustable super-surface and a reflection, transmission and absorption dynamic switching method thereof, wherein the impedance adjustable super-surface consists of a plurality of same adjustable units, each adjustable unit consists of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer which are respectively a metal layer, a dielectric layer and a metal layer; the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged on two sides of the middle layer, and are respectively provided with an active component which can be independently controlled by voltage, and a bias line is arranged on a metal sheet connected with two ends of the active component. The invention also provides a reflection, transmission and absorption dynamic switching method of the impedance-adjustable super surface, which realizes dynamic regulation and control of the impedance of the adjustable super surface by respectively and independently controlling the bias voltage of the active components on two sides of the adjustable super surface and can realize dynamic switching among complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission. The super-surface structure provided by the invention is simple, provides great freedom degree for impedance regulation and control, and has wide application prospect in the aspect of intelligent antenna covers or other intelligent electromagnetic devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of super surfaces, in particular to an impedance-adjustable super surface and a reflection, transmission and absorption dynamic switching method thereof.
Background
The super surface is a two-dimensional artificial electromagnetic material with sub-wavelength thickness and specific electromagnetic characteristics, has strong capability of controlling electromagnetic waves, and can be manufactured in a large area and at low cost. In recent years, passive super-surface is developed vigorously, but functions of devices cannot be changed after processing, so that more abundant application scenes are limited. By integrating active elements, an active super-surface with dynamically adjustable functions can be further constructed.
Due to the many different application requirements in practice, a device with dynamically adjustable impedance can adapt to various application scenarios. For example, in applications related to electromagnetic wave filters or radomes, a device can serve as an ideal filter or a perfect absorber, and the function and the working frequency of the device can be dynamically adjusted, so that the adjustable device is very obvious. However, to date, most implemented tunable metasurfaces are based on a relatively easy to design reflective architecture, since in such systems there are only two channels for radiation or dissipation of electromagnetic waves (i.e. a reflective port and an absorbing port). In contrast, high performance tunable metasurfaces in transmissive systems are rarely seen, not to mention those tunable metasurfaces whose impedance is dynamically tunable and which are capable of dynamic switching between fully absorbing, fully reflecting and fully transmitting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adjustable super surface capable of realizing dynamic impedance regulation and control, and further provides a regulation and control method for realizing dynamic impedance regulation and control by using the adjustable super surface.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an impedance-adjustable super surface which is composed of a plurality of same adjustable units, wherein each adjustable unit is of a three-layer structure and is composed of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer which are respectively a metal layer, a dielectric layer and a metal layer; the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged on two sides of the middle layer and are respectively provided with an active component which can be independently controlled by voltage, and a bias line is arranged on a metal sheet connected with two ends of the active component.
The impedance-adjustable super-surface comprises a middle layer, an upper layer, a lower layer and a plurality of impedance-adjustable super-surfaces, wherein the middle layer is a dielectric sheet, the upper layer comprises two identical first metal sheets, the first metal sheets are located above the dielectric sheet, the lower layer comprises a second metal sheet and two identical third metal sheets, and the second metal sheet and the third metal sheets are located below the dielectric sheet.
The impedance-tunable super-surface is characterized in that the active component is a varactor.
The impedance-tunable super-surface is characterized in that the varactor is arranged above or below the dielectric sheet, is located between the two first metal sheets or between the second metal sheet and the third metal sheet, and is connected with the two first metal sheets or the second metal sheet and the third metal sheet.
In the impedance-tunable super-surface, one bias line is added to each of the two first metal sheets or the second metal sheet and the third metal sheet, so that a bias voltage can be provided for the varactor.
The impedance-tunable super-surface, wherein the first metal sheet, the second metal sheet and the third metal sheet are made of copper.
The impedance tunable super-surface, wherein the dielectric sheet is made of FR-4.
The impedance-adjustable super-surface is of a three-layer transmission system structure, and can realize dynamic regulation and control of impedance; the tunable super-surface can achieve dynamic switching of complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission.
A method for dynamically switching reflection, transmission and absorption of an impedance-adjustable super surface realizes dynamic regulation and control of impedance of the adjustable super surface by respectively and independently controlling bias voltages of active components on two sides of the adjustable super surface, and can realize dynamic switching among complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission.
According to the impedance-adjustable super-surface reflection, transmission and absorption dynamic switching method, the two variable capacitance diodes are respectively connected with two different power supplies, and the voltage of the two variable capacitance diodes is independently controlled to independently control the capacitance of the two variable capacitance diodes, so that the adjustable super-surface impedance dynamic regulation and control and the dynamic switching among complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical beneficial effects that:
by independently controlling the bias voltage of the active components on the two sides of the adjustable super-surface, the invention can realize the super-surface with dynamically adjustable impedance and can also realize the dynamic switching among complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission. The super-surface structure provided by the invention is simple, provides great freedom degree for impedance regulation and control, and has wide application prospect in the aspect of intelligent antenna covers or other intelligent electromagnetic devices.
Drawings
The invention relates to an impedance-adjustable super-surface and a method for dynamically switching reflection, transmission and absorption of the impedance-adjustable super-surface, which are provided by the following embodiments and attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional hierarchical structure of a tunable metasurface;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an adjustable super surface unit;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the adjustable super surface unit;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a varactor in a tunable super surface cell;
FIG. 5 is a graph of simulation and coupling mode fitting results for an adjustable super-surface with different applied bias voltages, where (a) - (f) are transmission and reflection coefficients obtained by simulation (symbols) and coupling mode fitting (solid line) for different varactor equivalent capacitances, and (h) - (g) are graphs of absorption, reflection and transmission with varactor capacitance variations obtained from coupling mode theory, respectively;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the tunable super-surface impedance with the capacitance of the varactor;
reference numerals: an upper layer 100; an intermediate layer 200; a lower layer 300; a first metal sheet 110; a second metal sheet 310; a third metal sheet 320; a varactor diode 400; the line 500 is biased.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an impedance-adjustable super-surface which is a three-layer transmission system structure and can be used for dynamically adjusting and controlling impedance and dynamically switching complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission.
The adjustable super surface is composed of a plurality of same adjustable units, each adjustable unit can dynamically regulate and control impedance, and therefore the adjustable super surface with corresponding size can be spliced by selecting the corresponding number of adjustable units according to actual requirements, various size requirements are met, and the application range is widened.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the tunable unit of the transmission architecture is a three-layer structure, and comprises an upper layer 100, a middle layer 200, and a lower layer 300, wherein the upper layer 100 and the lower layer 300 are disposed on two sides of the middle layer 200, active devices 400 capable of independently controlling voltage are respectively disposed on the upper layer 100 and the lower layer 300, and bias lines 500 are disposed on metal sheets connected to two ends of the active devices 400.
Based on the adjustable super surface, the invention also provides a dynamic switching method, which comprises the following steps:
by controlling the capacitance of the active components 400 on the upper layer 100 and the lower layer 300, respectively, dynamic regulation of impedance and dynamic switching of complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission are achieved.
The following is a specific application example of the present application:
referring to fig. 1-3, the middle layer 200 of the tunable element is a rectangular dielectric sheet. The upper layer 100 includes two identical first metal sheets 110, and two second metal sheets 110 are symmetrically and contactlessly disposed on the upper surface of the middle layer 200. The lower layer 300 includes a second metal sheet 310 and two identical third metal sheets 320, the second metal sheet 310 is centrally disposed on the lower surface of the middle layer 200, and the two third metal sheets 320 are symmetrically and contactlessly disposed on the lower surface of the middle layer 200.
The active component 400 is a varactor, which is disposed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the dielectric sheet 200 and located between the two first metal sheets 110 or the second metal sheet 310 and the third metal sheet 320, two pins of the varactor are respectively connected to the metal sheets on two sides, and a bias line 500 is disposed on the metal sheets on two sides to provide a bias voltage.
The first metal sheet 110, the second metal sheet 310, the third metal sheet 320 and the bias line 500 are made of copper, and the dielectric sheet is made of FR-4.
The two variable capacitance diodes are respectively connected with two different power supplies, and the voltage on the two variable capacitance diodes is independently controlled to independently control the capacitance of the two variable capacitance diodes, so that the dynamic regulation and control of the adjustable super-surface impedance are realized, and the dynamic switching among complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission is realized.
The parameters after optimization are p is 14.5mm, L1 is 6mm, W1 is 10mm, L2 is 6.05mm, W2 is 11.5mm, L3 is 3.025mm, W3 is 13mm, d is 1.2mm, and b is 0.2 mm. The material used for the middle dielectric layer is FR-4, the dielectric constant is 4.3, and the thickness is 1.5 mm. The equivalent circuit of the varactor is composed of a resistor (R), an inductor (L), and a capacitor (C) (see fig. 4), and R is set to 0.9 Ω and L is set to 0.45nH in the simulation. FIGS. 5(a) - (f) are graphs of the reflection and transmission coefficients of the tunable metasurface for different combinations of capacitance. When the capacitance (C1) of the varactor loaded on the upper layer 100 is 0.4pF and the capacitance (C2) of the varactor loaded on the lower layer 300 is 0.6pF, the super surface reaches the maximum absorption rate at 4.72 GHz; when C1 ═ 2pF and C2 ═ 2.2pF, the super surface is in a fully transmissive state at 4.72 GHz; when C1 remains 2pF and C2 becomes 0.4pF, the super surface is fully reflective. Changes in the transmission and reflection coefficients can be seen clearly as the capacitance continues to change.
The relative input impedance of the super-surface can be obtained according to the conversion relation between the Z parameter and the S parameter of the two-port, the impedance changes along with the capacitance, and the relative impedance changes in a range of 0.018-3.588 as shown in FIG. 6. By controlling the size of the capacitor, the dynamic regulation and control of the impedance can be realized. The relative impedance is marked in the range of 0.5-2, which shows that better impedance matching can be realized in the region, and the effect of transmission or absorption can be achieved. In the region beyond this, the impedance mismatch is severe and a perfect reflection effect can be achieved.
The foregoing has described the general principles and principal features of the invention and its advantages. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only for illustrating the principle of the present invention, and there are various changes and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. An impedance-adjustable super surface is composed of a plurality of same adjustable units, and is characterized in that the adjustable units are of a three-layer structure and composed of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer which are respectively a metal layer, a dielectric layer and a metal layer; the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged on two sides of the middle layer and are respectively provided with an active component which can be independently controlled by voltage, and a bias line is arranged on a metal sheet connected with two ends of the active component.
2. An impedance tunable meta-surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein said intermediate layer is a dielectric sheet, said upper layer comprises two identical first metal sheets, said first metal sheets being located above said dielectric sheet, said lower layer comprises a second metal sheet and two identical third metal sheets, said second metal sheet and said third metal sheets being located below said dielectric sheet.
3. An impedance tunable metasurface according to claim 2, wherein the active component is a varactor.
4. An impedance tunable meta-surface as claimed in claim 3, wherein the varactor is disposed above or below the dielectric sheet, between the two first metal sheets or between the second metal sheet and the third metal sheet, and connected to the two first metal sheets or the second metal sheet and the third metal sheet.
5. An impedance tunable meta-surface as claimed in claim 4, wherein a bias line is added to each of the first metal plate or the second metal plate and the third metal plate to provide a bias voltage for the varactor.
6. An impedance tunable meta-surface as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first metal sheet, the second metal sheet and the third metal sheet are made of copper.
7. An impedance tunable meta-surface as claimed in claim 6, wherein said dielectric sheet is made of FR-4.
8. The tunable impedance meta-surface of claim 1 wherein said tunable meta-surface is a three layer transmissive architecture enabling dynamic tuning of impedance; the tunable super-surface can achieve dynamic switching of complete absorption, complete reflection and complete transmission.
9. The method for dynamically switching reflection, transmission and absorption of the impedance-tunable metasurface according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic tuning of the impedance of the tunable metasurface is achieved by independently controlling the bias voltages of the active devices on both sides of the tunable metasurface, respectively, and the dynamic switching between full absorption, full reflection and full transmission is achieved.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the two varactors are connected to two different power supplies respectively, and the voltages of the two varactors are controlled independently to control the capacitances of the two varactors independently, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the tunable super-surface impedance and dynamic switching between full absorption, full reflection and full transmission.
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| CN202110493619.0A CN113300111A (en) | 2021-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Impedance-adjustable super surface and dynamic switching method for reflection, transmission and absorption of impedance-adjustable super surface |
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| CN202110493619.0A CN113300111A (en) | 2021-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Impedance-adjustable super surface and dynamic switching method for reflection, transmission and absorption of impedance-adjustable super surface |
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105470656A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-06 | 复旦大学 | Adjustable linear polarization wave beam separator based on gradient super-surface |
| CN106329041A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-01-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multifunctional active frequency selective surface and control method thereof |
| CN108365344A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-03 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of reconfigurable function polarization converter based on active super surface |
| CN109904623A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-18 | 东南大学 | A kind of broadband inhale wave, scattering is adjustable super surface |
| CN110880646A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-13 | 上海大学 | Adjustable super surface from full penetration to full absorption, dynamic switching method and adjustable device |
| US20200227632A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-16 | California Institute Of Technology | Electrically Tunable Metasurfaces Incorporating A Phase Change Material |
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2021
- 2021-05-07 CN CN202110493619.0A patent/CN113300111A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105470656A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-06 | 复旦大学 | Adjustable linear polarization wave beam separator based on gradient super-surface |
| CN106329041A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-01-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multifunctional active frequency selective surface and control method thereof |
| CN108365344A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-03 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of reconfigurable function polarization converter based on active super surface |
| US20200227632A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-16 | California Institute Of Technology | Electrically Tunable Metasurfaces Incorporating A Phase Change Material |
| CN109904623A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-18 | 东南大学 | A kind of broadband inhale wave, scattering is adjustable super surface |
| CN110880646A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-13 | 上海大学 | Adjustable super surface from full penetration to full absorption, dynamic switching method and adjustable device |
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Application publication date: 20210824 |