CN113294920B - Jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange volumetric solar heat absorber - Google Patents
Jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange volumetric solar heat absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN113294920B CN113294920B CN202110640092.XA CN202110640092A CN113294920B CN 113294920 B CN113294920 B CN 113294920B CN 202110640092 A CN202110640092 A CN 202110640092A CN 113294920 B CN113294920 B CN 113294920B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/40—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors responsive to temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
- F24S70/12—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material made of metallic material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a positive displacement solar heat absorber with enhanced heat exchange by spray-suction jet flow, which comprises an outer cylinder, a heat absorber arranged in the outer cylinder, a glass cover plate, a spray-suction jet flow generating device, a gas collecting pipe I and a gas collecting pipe II communicated with the interior of the outer cylinder, and the like; the spray-suction jet flow generating device consists of a motor, a pneumatic cylinder, a connecting rod hinged with the extending tail end of a piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder and a crank rod hinged with the other end of the connecting rod, the other end of the crank rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor, and two ends of a cylinder barrel of the pneumatic cylinder are respectively communicated with a gas collecting ring pipe I and a gas collecting ring pipe II through pipelines. The reciprocating suction and injection of the heat transfer working medium in the outer cylinder body are realized through the jet-suction jet flow generation device, the flowing heat exchange strength of the working medium around the heat absorbing body is obviously enhanced, and the suction and injection positions are accurately arranged in the area with higher energy flow density on the heat absorbing body, so that the running temperature uniformity of the heat absorbing body is effectively improved, and the safe, reliable and efficient running of the solar heat absorber is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar light-gathering heat-collecting utilization, and relates to a solar heat absorber, in particular to a positive displacement solar heat absorber with enhanced heat exchange by jet-suction jet flow.
Background
Solar energy is clean, environment-friendly and widely distributed renewable energy, and the development and utilization of solar energy for high-temperature heat supply or thermal power generation is one of important ways for realizing sustainable development of human beings. The technology is usually realized by adopting a condenser consisting of a large-area reflector to gather low-density sunlight into a small cavity heat absorber and absorb the low-density sunlight by a heat absorber in the heat absorber, so that high temperature is generated to heat a heat transfer working medium, and the conversion of solar light energy into working medium heat energy is realized; then, heat is supplied to the outside through the hot working mediums, or a heat engine (such as a steam turbine engine) is pushed to do work to drive a generator and produce electric energy. No matter medium-high temperature heat supply or high-grade solar photo-thermal power generation utilization, the solar heat absorber is always the core device of the system, and the photo-thermal conversion performance of the system directly influences the operation efficiency and the economical efficiency of the whole solar photo-thermal utilization system.
Because the working temperature of the air medium is not limited (can be more than 1000 ℃), the air medium does not have the problems of high-temperature decomposition (generally within 500 ℃) and low-temperature freezing and the like fused salt and heat conducting oil for solar photo-thermal, and the air medium is very convenient and cheap to obtain. Therefore, a positive displacement solar heat absorber using air as a heat transfer medium is one of important forms of solar high-temperature heat utilization. In the prior art (such as the publication No. CN103123175B and the patent No. ZL 201610803966.8), the positive displacement solar heat absorber generally comprises a sealed cylinder in the shape of a cavity, a heat absorber made of porous medium material and installed inside the sealed cylinder, and a glass cover plate fixed at the front opening position of the sealed cylinder and used for transmitting sunlight collected by a condenser to form a closed cavity; the heat absorber absorbs the gathered solar energy, air enters the cavity from the air inlet pipe on the side of the sealing cylinder body close to the glass cover plate, and then flows out along the air outlet pipe at the tail end of the sealing cylinder body after being heated by the heat absorber. During actual operation, the radiation energy collected on the heat absorber in the solar light-collecting and heat-collecting system is extremely uneven in distribution, and the working medium usually flows in from one side of the heat absorber and flows out from the other side of the heat absorber, so that the whole heat exchange contact frequency is limited; and along with the dual influence of on-way flow resistance and temperature difference (working medium and heat absorbing body), the heat exchange intensity of the outlet side is obviously reduced, especially for the high heat flow area if the heat exchange is not timely will lead to the heat absorbing body to produce high temperature difference and high temperature hot spot, easily make the heat absorbing body produce unfavorable problems such as thermal stress destruction and thermal ablation. Therefore, the invention creates a new type of volumetric solar heat absorber, improves the flow heat exchange capability of the volumetric solar heat absorber, improves the light-heat conversion efficiency and the temperature distribution uniformity of the heat absorber, and is particularly important for engineering practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a positive displacement solar heat absorber with enhanced heat exchange by jet-suction jet flow, which has a simple structure and is convenient to operate; the positive displacement solar heat absorber can enhance the flowing heat exchange capacity by sucking and spraying the working medium in the heat absorber, effectively improves the photo-thermal conversion efficiency and the temperature distribution uniformity of the positive displacement solar heat absorber, and realizes the safe, reliable and efficient operation of the solar heat absorber.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a positive displacement solar heat absorber with jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange comprises an outer cylinder body in a cavity structure, a heat absorbing body, a glass cover plate, a heat insulation cylinder body, a working medium inflow pipe and a working medium outflow pipe, wherein the front end plate of the outer cylinder body is provided with a hole; the device also comprises a gas collecting pipe I, a gas collecting pipe II and an ejection and absorption jet flow generating device; the heat absorber is of a U-shaped concave cavity structure, the opening end face of the U-shaped cavity is attached to the front end plate of the outer cylinder, and a gap is reserved between the U-shaped outer surface of the heat absorber and the inner surface of the outer cylinder; the gas collecting pipe I comprises a gas collecting ring pipe I and a plurality of circulating pipes I, one ends of the circulating pipes I are communicated with the gas collecting ring pipe I, and the other ends of the circulating pipes I are located in the outer barrel and are at a certain distance from the outer surface of the heat absorbing body; the gas collecting pipe II comprises a gas collecting ring pipe II and a plurality of circulating pipes II, one ends of the circulating pipes II are communicated with the gas collecting ring pipe II, and the other ends of the circulating pipes II are positioned in the outer cylinder body and are at a certain distance from the outer surface of the heat absorbing body; the jet flow generating device comprises a motor, a pneumatic cylinder, a connecting rod hinged with the extending tail end of a piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder, and a crank rod hinged with the other end of the connecting rod; the other end of the crank rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor; the two ends of the cylinder barrel of the pneumatic cylinder are respectively communicated with the gas collection ring pipe I and the gas collection ring pipe II through pipelines.
In the above-mentioned ejection-absorption jet flow enhanced heat exchange volumetric solar heat absorber, the opening size of the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorber is larger than the opening size of the front end plate of the outer cylinder; the heat absorber and the outer cylinder are coaxially arranged, and a gap between the heat absorber and the outer cylinder is 4-8 mm.
In the above-mentioned ejection and absorption jet flow enhanced heat exchange volumetric solar heat absorber, the working medium inflow pipe extends into the end of the inner cavity of the outer cylinder and is positioned in the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorber.
In the jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange positive displacement solar heat absorber, the circulation pipe I and the circulation pipe II are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder body, the circulation pipe I is close to the position of the glass cover plate, and the circulation pipe II is close to the bottom of the outer cylinder body or is opposite to the position, with larger flow density, of solar radiation energy absorbed on the heat absorber.
In the above-mentioned ejection and absorption jet flow enhanced heat exchange volumetric solar heat absorber, the heat absorber is provided with a large number of uniformly distributed pore channels directly communicated with the inner surface and the outer surface of the heat absorber, and the cross section of each pore channel is circular, square or triangular.
In the positive displacement solar heat absorber with jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange, the bottom surface of the outer cylinder body is provided with an annular blocking plate which is coaxial with the working medium outflow pipe, and the other end surface of the blocking plate is tightly attached to the outer surface of the heat absorber.
In the above-mentioned positive displacement solar heat absorber of jet-suction jet-flow enhanced heat exchange, it also includes several thermocouples fixed in the heat absorber and at the outlet of the working medium outflow pipe, and a controller for collecting temperature signals and controlling the rotation of the motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has simple structure, convenient operation and low cost; the jet-suction jet flow generating device is communicated with the interior of the outer cylinder, and the jet-suction jet flow generating device is used for reciprocating suction and injection of the heat transfer working medium in the outer cylinder, so that the flowing heat exchange strength of the heat exchange working medium around the heat absorbing body is enhanced; the pumping and jetting circulation pipe I or the pumping and jetting circulation pipe II is accurately arranged in a region with high energy flow density on the heat absorbing body, so that the operation temperature and the distribution uniformity of the heat absorbing body are improved; meanwhile, the rotating speed and the steering of a motor in the jet flow generating device can be reasonably controlled according to the temperature signals fed back by the arranged thermocouples, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency and the temperature distribution uniformity of the positive displacement solar heat absorber can be fully improved, and the safe, reliable and efficient operation of the solar heat absorber is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positive displacement solar heat absorber according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a glass cover plate; 2, a heat preservation cylinder body; 3-a heat absorber; 4, an outer cylinder body; 401 — front end plate; 402-a working medium outflow pipe; 403-working medium inflow pipe; 404-a blocking plate; 5, a gas collecting pipe I; 501, a gas collecting ring pipe I; 502-flow-through pipe i; 6-gas collecting pipe II; 601-gas collecting ring pipe II; 602-flow-through pipe II; 7-jet generating device; 701-a pneumatic cylinder; 702-a connecting rod; 703-crank lever.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes an outer cylinder 4 with a cavity structure, a heat absorbing body 3 made of porous medium material and located in the outer cylinder 4, a glass cover plate 1 installed at the opening of the front end plate 401 of the outer cylinder 4 and used for sealing the outer cylinder 4, a heat insulating cylinder 2 wrapped outside the outer cylinder 4, and a working medium inflow pipe 403 and a working medium outflow pipe 402 respectively located at the front end and the bottom of the outer cylinder 4 and communicated with the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 4; the heat exchange working medium flows in and out from the two pipes respectively, and the sunlight collected by the condenser passes through the glass cover plate 1 and then reaches the heat absorbing body 3 in the outer cylinder 4 to be absorbed by the heat absorbing body. The positive displacement solar heat absorber further comprises a gas collecting pipe I5, a gas collecting pipe II 6 and a jet flow generating device 7. The heat absorber 3 is a U-shaped concave cavity structure, the opening end face of the U-shaped cavity is tightly attached to the front end plate 401 of the outer cylinder 4, a certain gap is reserved between the outer surface of the U-shaped structure of the heat absorber 3 and the inner surface of the outer cylinder 4, and a heat exchange working medium flows in the annular gap to exchange heat. The gas collecting pipe I5 comprises a gas collecting ring pipe I501 and a plurality of circulating pipes I502, one ends of the circulating pipes I502 are communicated with the gas collecting ring pipe I501, the other ends of the circulating pipes I502 extend into the outer cylinder body 4, and the tail ends of the circulating pipes I502 are at a certain distance from the outer surface of the heat absorbing body 4; the gas collecting pipe II 6 comprises a gas collecting ring pipe II 601 and a plurality of circulating pipes II 602, one ends of which are communicated with the gas collecting ring pipe II 601, and the other ends of the circulating pipes II 602 are positioned inside the outer cylinder body 4 and have a certain distance with the outer surface of the heat absorbing body 4; the ejector jet flow generating device 7 comprises a motor, a pneumatic cylinder 701, a connecting rod 702 hinged with the extending tail end of a piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 701, and a crank rod 703 hinged with the other end of the connecting rod 702; the other end of the crank rod 703 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor; the two ends of the cylinder barrel of the pneumatic cylinder 701 are respectively communicated with a gas collecting annular pipe I501 and a gas collecting annular pipe II 601 through pipelines. The structure can lead the jet-suction jet flow generating device to suck and spray the heat transfer working medium in the outer cylinder in a reciprocating way, thereby enhancing the flowing heat exchange strength of the heat exchange working medium around the heat absorbing body.
As shown in fig. 1, preferably, the working medium inflow pipe 403 extends into the end of the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 4 and is located in the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorbing body 3; therefore, the heat exchange working medium which enters most firstly and has lower temperature exchanges heat with the inner surface of the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorbing body 3, and meanwhile, the spraying and sucking jet flow generating device 7 conducts reciprocating suction and spraying on the heat exchange working medium in the outer cylinder body 4, so that the heat exchange working medium is enhanced to pass through the heat absorbing body 3 back and forth, and the heat exchange strength and the heat exchange contact frequency are increased.
Preferably, the opening size of the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorber 3 is larger than the opening size of the front plate 401 of the outer cylinder 4, so that the concentrated sunlight can directly reach the surface of the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorber 3 after penetrating through the glass cover plate 1 and be absorbed by the surface. The heat absorber 3 and the outer cylinder 4 are coaxially arranged, and a gap between the heat absorber and the outer cylinder is 4-8 mm, so that reciprocating suction and injection of the heat exchange working medium in the outer cylinder 4 by the jet flow generating device 7 are facilitated, and the working resistance of the piston rod in operation is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the circulation pipes i 502 and ii 602 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 4, the circulation pipe i 502 is close to the position of the glass cover plate 1, and the circulation pipe ii 602 is close to the bottom of the outer cylinder 4 or directly faces the position of the heat absorber 3 where the absorbed solar radiation energy flux density is large, so that the accurate arrangement on the area of the heat absorber with high energy flux density can well improve the operating temperature and the distribution uniformity of the heat absorber. The bottom surface of the outer cylinder 4 is provided with an annular blocking plate 404 which is coaxial with the working medium outflow pipe 402, and the other end surface of the blocking plate 404 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the heat absorbing body 3, so that the heat exchange working medium in the annular space between the heat absorbing body 3 and the outer cylinder 4 can be prevented from directly flowing out from the working medium outflow pipe 402 after being insufficiently heated.
Preferably, the heat absorber 3 is made of a porous medium material with disordered hole distribution; also can adopt the better metal material of heat conductivility such as solid copper product or aluminum product, then be equipped with a large amount of and evenly distributed's the pore passageway of the inside and outside surface of direct intercommunication heat-absorbing body 3, the cross-section of this pore passageway is circular, square or triangle-shaped, so the structure enables the heat transfer working medium to make a round trip the heat-absorbing body 3 and carry out the heat transfer, the sunlight that gathers and come in addition also can transmit and absorb in these pore passageways, be favorable to promoting the optical efficiency of heat absorber. In addition, the positive displacement solar heat absorber also comprises a plurality of thermocouples fixed in the heat absorber 3 and in the outlet pipes of the working medium outflow pipe 402, and a controller for acquiring temperature signals and controlling the rotation of the motor, so that the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the motor in the jet-suction jet flow generating device 7 can be reasonably controlled according to the temperature signals fed back by the arranged thermocouples, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the solar heat absorber and the temperature distribution uniformity of the heat absorber 3 are fully improved, and the safe, reliable and efficient service operation of the solar heat absorber is realized.
Claims (7)
1. A positive displacement solar heat absorber with jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange comprises an outer cylinder body in a cavity structure, a heat absorbing body, a glass cover plate, a heat insulation cylinder body, a working medium inflow pipe and a working medium outflow pipe, wherein the front end plate of the outer cylinder body is provided with a hole; the device is characterized by also comprising a gas collecting pipe I, a gas collecting pipe II and an ejection and absorption jet flow generating device; the heat absorber is of a U-shaped concave cavity structure, the opening end face of the U-shaped cavity is attached to the front end plate of the outer cylinder, and a gap is reserved between the U-shaped outer surface of the heat absorber and the inner surface of the outer cylinder; the gas collecting pipe I comprises a gas collecting ring pipe I and a plurality of circulating pipes I, one ends of the circulating pipes I are communicated with the gas collecting ring pipe I, and the other ends of the circulating pipes I are located in the outer barrel and are at a certain distance from the outer surface of the heat absorbing body; the gas collecting pipe II comprises a gas collecting ring pipe II and a plurality of circulating pipes II, one ends of the circulating pipes II are communicated with the gas collecting ring pipe II, and the other ends of the circulating pipes II are positioned in the outer cylinder body and are at a certain distance from the outer surface of the heat absorbing body; the jet flow generating device comprises a motor, a pneumatic cylinder, a connecting rod hinged with the extending tail end of a piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder, and a crank rod hinged with the other end of the connecting rod; the other end of the crank rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor; the two ends of the cylinder barrel of the pneumatic cylinder are respectively communicated with the gas collection ring pipe I and the gas collection ring pipe II through pipelines.
2. The ejector jet enhanced heat exchange positive displacement solar heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the opening size of the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorbing body is larger than the opening size of the front end plate of the outer cylinder; the heat absorber and the outer cylinder are coaxially arranged, and a gap between the heat absorber and the outer cylinder is 4-8 mm.
3. The ejector jet enhanced heat exchange positive displacement solar heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the working medium inflow pipe extends into the tail end of the inner cavity of the outer cylinder and is positioned in the U-shaped cavity of the heat absorbing body.
4. The ejector jet enhanced heat exchange positive displacement solar heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the circulating pipes I and the circulating pipes II are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder body, the circulating pipes I are close to the glass cover plate, and the circulating pipes II are close to the bottom of the outer cylinder body or are opposite to the position, with larger solar radiation energy flux density, on the heat absorbing body.
5. The ejector jet enhanced heat exchange positive displacement solar heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the heat absorber is provided with a large number of uniformly distributed pore channels which are directly communicated with the inner surface and the outer surface of the heat absorber, and the cross sections of the pore channels are circular, square or triangular.
6. The ejector jet enhanced heat exchange positive displacement solar heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the outer cylinder is provided with an annular blocking plate which is coaxial with the working medium outflow pipe, and the other end surface of the blocking plate is tightly attached to the outer surface of the heat absorbing body.
7. The ejector jet enhanced heat exchange positive displacement solar heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: it also includes several thermocouples fixed in the heat absorber and at the outlet of the working medium outflow pipe, and a controller for collecting temperature signal and controlling the rotation of the motor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110640092.XA CN113294920B (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange volumetric solar heat absorber |
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| CN202110640092.XA CN113294920B (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Jet-suction jet flow enhanced heat exchange volumetric solar heat absorber |
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| CN113294920B true CN113294920B (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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| CN114543058B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-07-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | High-temperature steam generator based on solar energy |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2061259U (en) * | 1989-06-15 | 1990-08-29 | 王国威 | Automatic tracking the sun device driven by solar energy |
| DE10205548A1 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2003-08-21 | Schott Glas | Arrangement for increasing the temperature change resistance of fluid-flowed, pressure-loaded glass tubes |
| CN101178265A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2008-05-14 | 南京工业大学 | High-temperature solar heat pipe receiver |
| CN201739107U (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-02-09 | 王智勇 | Disc type solar energy-thermomotor thermal power generation device |
| CN103629829A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-12 | 万斌 | Stirling heat engine solar heat collector |
-
2021
- 2021-06-09 CN CN202110640092.XA patent/CN113294920B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2061259U (en) * | 1989-06-15 | 1990-08-29 | 王国威 | Automatic tracking the sun device driven by solar energy |
| DE10205548A1 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2003-08-21 | Schott Glas | Arrangement for increasing the temperature change resistance of fluid-flowed, pressure-loaded glass tubes |
| CN101178265A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2008-05-14 | 南京工业大学 | High-temperature solar heat pipe receiver |
| CN201739107U (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-02-09 | 王智勇 | Disc type solar energy-thermomotor thermal power generation device |
| CN103629829A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-12 | 万斌 | Stirling heat engine solar heat collector |
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