CN113293316A - Method for efficiently improving refining capacity of Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy - Google Patents
Method for efficiently improving refining capacity of Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113293316A CN113293316A CN202110409310.9A CN202110409310A CN113293316A CN 113293316 A CN113293316 A CN 113293316A CN 202110409310 A CN202110409310 A CN 202110409310A CN 113293316 A CN113293316 A CN 113293316A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical class F* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation. The method comprises the following steps: (1) heating and melting aluminum or aluminum alloy, and preserving heat at 650-760 ℃ to form a melt A; (2) adding a trace amount of La into the melt A, and keeping the temperature for 5-30 min, wherein the melt B is formed by continuously stirring; (3) cooling the melt B to 680-730 ℃, adding Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, and keeping the temperature for 0-30 min, wherein the melt C is formed by continuously stirring; (4) and pouring the melt C into a die to be cooled, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy ingot with further refined crystal grains. The method further improves the refining capability of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy on the matrix by adding a trace amount of La into the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, has the advantages of low cost, simple process and the like, and has good industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation.
Background
Refining pair of aluminum alloy solidification structureThe final performance of the product is of great importance, the segregation degree of elements can be reduced, the looseness and the hot cracking tendency of the casting blank can be reduced, and the mechanical and subsequent deformation processing process performance of the casting blank can be improved. The uniform and fine equiaxial grain structure is one of the targets pursued in the production of aluminum alloy, especially high-quality aluminum alloy. At present, Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy is commonly used for refining the cast grain structure of the aluminum alloy in industrial production. Researches on the influence of Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy on the solidification structure of aluminum alloy are intensive and have made remarkable progress. Research shows that solute Ti and TiB with proper size and concentrated distribution exist in the aluminum alloy melt2When in particle, the grain refining effect is better. However, with the continuous expansion of the application range of aluminum alloys, the quality requirement of cast ingots is also improved, and the refining effect of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy on aluminum alloy grains cannot meet the production requirement of high-quality aluminum alloys. Therefore, the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy has important scientific and practical significance for further improving the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy on the aluminum alloy grains.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy so as to meet the requirement of the aluminum alloy industry on high-quality aluminum alloy products in industrial production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting aluminum or aluminum alloy, and preserving heat at 650-750 ℃ to form a melt A;
(2) adding a trace amount of La into the melt A, and keeping the temperature for 5-30 min, wherein the melt B is formed by continuously stirring;
(3) cooling the melt B to 680-730 ℃, adding Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, and keeping the temperature for 0-30 min, wherein the melt C is formed by continuously stirring;
(4) and pouring the melt C into a mold to be cooled, thus obtaining the aluminum or aluminum alloy cast ingot with further refined grains.
The method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy comprises the step (2), wherein the mass percent of La in the melt A is 0.005-0.12%.
The method for efficiently improving the thinning capability of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy comprises the step (2), preferably, heat preservation is carried out for 15-30 min.
The method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy comprises the step of (3) obtaining a melt B, wherein Al-5Ti-1B accounts for 0.1-0.8% by mass.
The method for efficiently improving the thinning capability of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy comprises the step (4) of obtaining the aluminum or aluminum alloy ingot, wherein the grain size is 80-300 mu m.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
(1) the action mechanism of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy refined aluminum alloy is as follows: TiB2The particles are used as a heterogeneous nucleation substrate of the alpha-Al, the nucleation rate of a matrix is improved, and coarse columnar crystals are refined into smaller columnar crystals; solute Ti is formed by reaction between TiB2Reduction of TiB by segregation at the/Al melt interface2Contact angle between particles and alpha-Al, enhanced TiB2The particles have the heterogeneous nucleation capability on alpha-Al, on the other hand, the growth of alpha-Al grains is limited by undercooling of the components, the transformation of a matrix structure from columnar crystal to isometric crystal is promoted, and the solute Ti has the strongest inhibition effect on the growth of the alpha-Al grains in almost all alloy elements.
(2) Compare solutes Ti, La and TiB2The interfacial energy between particles is lower, and the atomic force between La and Al and B is stronger, so that TiB is easier to be applied2Segregation at the/Al melt interface, further strengthening TiB2Heterogeneous nucleation capability of particles on alpha-Al. Therefore, by adding a trace amount (10. about.2ppm) the rare earth element La with low price can greatly reduce the crystal grain size of the matrix and improve the refining capability of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy on aluminum or aluminum alloy on the premise of hardly influencing the production cost and not changing the production process conditions.
The method has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention further improves the refining capability of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy by adding a trace amount of the cheap rare earth element La.
(2) The method has simple process and easy operation, and can be quickly applied to industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the grain structure of Al-2Cu alloy without refining treatment.
FIG. 2 shows the grain structure of Al-2Cu alloy refined with 0.4% Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy.
FIG. 3 is a grain structure of an Al-2Cu alloy treated as described in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a grain structure of an Al-2Cu alloy treated as described in example 2.
FIG. 5 is a grain structure of an Al-2Cu alloy treated as described in example 3.
FIG. 6 is a grain structure of an Al-2Cu alloy treated as described in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In the specific implementation process, the influence of trace amount of low-cost rare earth element La on the solidification structure of the aluminum alloy is researched, and the trace amount of La is found to remarkably improve the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy. As shown in FIG. 1, the grain size of the Al-2Cu alloy solidification structure without thinning treatment is larger, and the average size is 654 +/-4 mu m; after 0.4 wt% Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy refining treatment, the solidification structure is refined to a certain degree (figure 2), and the average grain size is reduced to 187 +/-5 mu m. However, it is necessary to further improve the grain refinement degree for the development of high quality aluminum alloys.
The Al-5Ti-1B master alloy can be seen in: the Chinese invention patent application (publication number CN104278176A) discloses a preparation method of a high-quality Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, or the Chinese invention patent application (publication number CN107034374A) discloses a method for preparing the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy by a fluorine salt reaction method.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a method for efficiently improving the refining capability of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy includes the following steps:
(1) heating and melting Al-2Cu alloy, and preserving heat at 730 ℃ to form a melt A;
(2) adding La accounting for 0.02% of the weight of the melt A into the melt A, and keeping the temperature for 20min, wherein the La is continuously stirred during the period to form a melt B;
(3) adding Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy accounting for 0.4 percent of the weight of the melt B into the melt B, and keeping the temperature for 10min while continuously stirring to form a melt C;
(4) and pouring the melt C into a die to be cooled, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy ingot with further refined crystal grains.
As shown in FIG. 3, the grain structure of the Al-2Cu alloy treated by the method described in this example was further refined, and the average grain size was reduced to 143. + -.6. mu.m. Compared with the Al-2Cu alloy solidification structure (figure 2) refined by the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, the grain refinement degree is improved by 23.5 percent.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a method for efficiently improving the refining capability of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy includes the following steps:
(1) heating and melting Al-2Cu alloy, and preserving heat at 730 ℃ to form a melt A;
(2) adding La accounting for 0.06% of the weight of the melt A into the melt A, keeping the temperature for 20min, and continuously stirring the La and the melt A during the period to form a melt B;
(3) adding Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy accounting for 0.4 percent of the weight of the melt B into the melt B, and keeping the temperature for 10min while continuously stirring to form a melt C;
(4) and pouring the melt C into a die to be cooled, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy ingot with further refined crystal grains.
As shown in FIG. 4, the grain size of the Al-2Cu alloy treated by the method described in this example was reduced to 114. + -.4 μm. Compared with the Al-2Cu alloy solidification structure (figure 2) refined by the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, the grain refinement degree is improved by 39.0 percent.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a method for efficiently improving the refining capability of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy includes the following steps:
(1) heating and melting Al-2Cu alloy, and preserving heat at 730 ℃ to form a melt A;
(2) adding La accounting for 0.08 percent of the weight of the melt A into the melt A, and keeping the temperature for 20min, wherein the La is continuously stirred during the period to form a melt B;
(3) adding Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy accounting for 0.4 percent of the weight of the melt B into the melt B, and keeping the temperature for 10min while continuously stirring to form a melt C;
(4) and pouring the melt C into a die to be cooled, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy ingot with further refined crystal grains.
As shown in FIG. 5, the grain size of the Al-2Cu alloy treated by the method described in this example was reduced to 110. + -.3 μm. Compared with the Al-2Cu alloy solidification structure (figure 2) refined by the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, the grain refinement degree is improved by 41.2 percent.
Example 4
In this embodiment, a method for efficiently improving the refining capability of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy includes the following steps:
(1) heating and melting Al-2Cu alloy, and preserving heat at 730 ℃ to form a melt A;
(2) adding La accounting for 0.10% of the weight of the melt A into the melt A, and keeping the temperature for 20min, wherein the La is continuously stirred during the period to form a melt B;
(3) adding Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy accounting for 0.4 percent of the weight of the melt B into the melt B, and keeping the temperature for 10min while continuously stirring to form a melt C;
(4) and pouring the melt C into a die to be cooled, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy ingot with further refined crystal grains.
As shown in FIG. 6, the grain size of the Al-2Cu alloy treated by the method described in this example was reduced to 116. + -.4 μm. Compared with the Al-2Cu alloy solidification structure (figure 2) refined by the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, the grain refinement degree is improved by 38.0 percent.
The embodiment result shows that the method further improves the refining capability of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy on the matrix by adding a trace amount of La into the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, has the advantages of low cost, simple process and the like, and has good industrial application prospect.
Claims (5)
1. A method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) heating and melting aluminum or aluminum alloy, and preserving heat at 650-750 ℃ to form a melt A;
(2) adding a trace amount of La into the melt A, and keeping the temperature for 5-30 min, wherein the melt B is formed by continuously stirring;
(3) cooling the melt B to 680-730 ℃, adding Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, and keeping the temperature for 0-30 min, wherein the melt C is formed by continuously stirring;
(4) and pouring the melt C into a mold to be cooled, thus obtaining the aluminum or aluminum alloy cast ingot with further refined grains.
2. The method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass percent of La in the melt A is 0.005-0.12%.
3. The method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature is preferably kept for 15-30 min.
4. The method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the melt B obtained in the step (3), the Al-5Ti-1B accounts for 0.1-0.8% by mass.
5. The method for efficiently improving the refining capacity of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the aluminum or aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step (4) is 80-300 μm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102787260A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of superfine crystal inoculating agent for aluminum alloy grain refinement |
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| CN110000360A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-12 | 上海交通大学 | The tough high-modulus aluminum alloy materials of height and its preparation based on Extrution casting technique |
| CN110629076A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-31 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-conductivity aluminum alloy rod material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110656263A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-performance Al-Si series welding wire alloy containing trace La element and preparation method thereof |
| WO2020012098A1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-01-16 | C-Tec Constellium Technology Center | Process for manufacturing an aluminum alloy part |
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2021
- 2021-04-16 CN CN202110409310.9A patent/CN113293316A/en active Pending
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| CN102787260A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of superfine crystal inoculating agent for aluminum alloy grain refinement |
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| CN112342416A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-09 | 东莞理工学院 | Method for improving low-temperature mechanical property of cast Al-Si alloy |
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Application publication date: 20210824 |