CN113291345A - Pneumatic primary suspension device and primary suspension rigidity obtaining method - Google Patents
Pneumatic primary suspension device and primary suspension rigidity obtaining method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113291345A CN113291345A CN202110740074.9A CN202110740074A CN113291345A CN 113291345 A CN113291345 A CN 113291345A CN 202110740074 A CN202110740074 A CN 202110740074A CN 113291345 A CN113291345 A CN 113291345A
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- primary suspension
- air
- pneumatic
- guide cylinder
- cylinder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/307—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating fluid springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/308—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating damping devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pneumatic primary suspension device and a primary suspension rigidity obtaining method, wherein the pneumatic primary suspension device comprises two independent cylinders, the cylinders are arranged on a bogie or a vehicle body, each cylinder is provided with a control valve, and each cylinder is communicated with a corresponding pneumatic spring through a corresponding pipeline; the circulation of pressure air in the gas spring and the cylinder can be realized through pipelines. The air springs on the two sides of the bogie are mutually independent, and the primary suspension rigidity is adjusted by changing the volume of the air cylinder, so that the vertical rigidity of the primary suspension can be provided, and the side rolling rigidity of the frame relative to the axle box can also be provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of structural design of bogie components, and particularly relates to a pneumatic primary suspension device and a primary suspension rigidity obtaining method.
Background
Conventional primary suspensions provide a primary suspension stiffness by providing springs between the axleboxes and the frame and generating a force through deformation of the springs. The rigidity of the primary suspension cannot be adjusted after the primary suspension is set.
German patent DE3048516a1 discloses a rail vehicle frame comprising two side beams and a cross beam connected between the two side beams, a primary suspension device being arranged on the frame, the primary suspension device comprising an axle box; the framework is a structure with an internal air pipeline; the two end parts of the side beams are respectively provided with a series of air spring mounting seats, the upper parts of the series of air spring mounting seats are connected with the corresponding side beams and are hermetically connected with the air pipeline 11, and the lower parts of the series of air spring mounting seats are provided with spaces for accommodating a series of air springs; a first air inlet hole communicated with a first air spring and an air pipeline 11 is formed at the joint of the first air spring mounting seat and the side beam; a secondary air spring is arranged on the cross beam and is also communicated with the air pipeline 11; the height adjustment mechanism includes a control valve.
The german patent, in which the left and right air springs are connected by a conduit, causes air to flow from one air spring to the other without resistance when relative roll motion occurs between the frame and the axle housing, so that there is no roll stiffness between the frame and the axle housing, and if the roll motion of the frame relative to the axle housing is not restricted, the vehicle is prone to tilting too much beyond the limit or even tipping.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pneumatic primary suspension device and a primary suspension rigidity obtaining method, and aims to solve the technical problem that suspension rigidity is difficult to adjust after being set.
In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a pneumatic primary suspension apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the pneumatic wheel type wheel set comprises a pneumatic spring, a rotary arm joint, a shock absorber and a shaft box body, wherein the shaft box body is arranged on two sides of a wheel set, the pneumatic spring is arranged in a spring mounting seat at the upper end of the shaft box body, one end of the shaft box body is connected with the rotary arm joint arranged on a framework, and the other end of the shaft box body is connected with the framework through the shock absorber;
the pneumatic primary suspension device also comprises two independent cylinders, wherein the cylinders are arranged on a bogie or a vehicle body, each cylinder is provided with a control valve, and each cylinder is communicated with the corresponding pneumatic spring through a corresponding pipeline; the circulation of pressure air in the gas spring and the cylinder can be realized through pipelines.
Therefore, each axle box is provided with the independent externally hung air cylinder, the rigidity of the primary suspension can be adjusted by adjusting the volume of the air cylinder, and the volume of the air cylinder can be adjusted in two modes. One is to install (or replace) cylinders of different volumes as required, and because the cylinders are installed on the surface of the frame, the cylinders can be replaced conveniently. The other way is to adjust the volume of the cylinder by arranging a piston adjusting device on the cylinder, and the adjustment can be controlled by a control system and can also be carried out manually, because the cylinder is arranged on the surface of the framework, an operator can manually operate the cylinder on the trench or the side of the vehicle after the vehicle stops;
in addition to providing a degree of vertical stiffness, the primary suspension of the present invention also provides roll stiffness of the frame relative to the axle housing. When the transverse span and the vertical stiffness of the two air springs of the same wheel pair are determined, the rolling stiffness of the frame relative to the wheel pair is also determined, so that the two stiffnesses are coupled with each other.
Further, the control valve is a ball valve.
Still further, the damper is parallel to the gas spring.
Furthermore, the cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the bogie or the vehicle body; because the cylinder is arranged on the bogie or the vehicle body, the cylinders with different volumes can be conveniently arranged or the cylinder is designed into a structure with adjustable volume, thereby realizing the adjustment of the primary suspension rigidity.
Further, the gas spring includes: the upper guide cylinder is sleeved outside the lower guide cylinder, the sealing air bag is installed in a cavity formed by the upper guide cylinder and the lower guide cylinder, an air inlet is formed in the upper portion of the sealing air bag, the air inlet penetrates through a through hole in the upper portion of the upper guide cylinder and is connected with the pipeline, and a rubber pad is installed on the lower end face of the lower guide cylinder and can adapt to the deflection angle and the longitudinal displacement of the axle box body relative to the framework.
In addition, the outer diameter of the lower guide cylinder opening is equal to the inner diameter of the upper guide cylinder opening.
Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a method for obtaining primary suspension rigidity through the pneumatic primary suspension device, which comprises the following steps:
in the first step, when the bogie is initially installed on a vehicle, the air pressure of the air springs, the air cylinders and the pipelines is P, the vertical acting force generated between the axle box body and the framework by each air spring is F-P-S, and the air volume of each air spring is V1Air volume of cylinder is V2Air volume of the pipeline is V3The effective area of the gas spring is S.
In a second step, the gas springs are compressed vertically h under the influence of body load or other conditions, with each gas spring having a volume of approximately V'1＝V1-S x h, at constant temperature, at which the air pressure inside the gas spring is approximately equal to
That is, the vertical acting force generated between the axle box body and the framework by the gas spring is approximately
Thirdly, under the conditions of not considering the influence of the rotating arm joint and the rubber pad and not changing the temperature, the rigidity of the primary suspension is approximately equal to
Therefore, the air cylinder is communicated with the air pressure spring through a pipeline; when the air pressure spring is acted by external force, the air pressure spring can generate compression deformation, so that the sum of the air volumes in the air pressure spring, the air cylinder and the pipeline is changed; under the condition of not considering the influence of temperature, the air pressure in the air spring is in inverse proportion to the sum of the air volumes in the air spring, the air cylinder and the pipeline, namely the acting force of the air spring acting between the axle box body and the framework is in inverse proportion to the sum of the air volumes in the air spring, the air cylinder and the pipeline.
The pneumatic primary suspension device and the primary suspension rigidity obtaining method have the following advantages that: the air springs on the two sides of the bogie are independent from each other, and the primary suspension stiffness can be adjusted by changing the volume of the air cylinder, so that the lateral rolling stiffness of the framework relative to the axle box can be provided in addition to the primary vertical stiffness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly view of a pneumatic primary suspension of the present invention on a truck;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gas spring according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a pneumatic primary suspension system of the present invention;
the notation in the figure is: 1. a gas spring; 1-1, an upper guide cylinder; 1-2, a lower guide cylinder; 1-3, sealing the air bag; 1-4, rubber pad; 1-5, an air inlet; 2. a cylinder; 3. a pipeline; 4. a control valve; 5. a swivel joint; 6. a shock absorber; 7. a shaft box body; 8. a spring mount; s, the effective area of the gas spring.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the objects, structure and function of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a pneumatic primary suspension apparatus, which includes: the device comprises a gas spring 1, a rotary arm joint 5, a shock absorber 6, a shaft box body 7 and two independent cylinders 2; the axle box body 7 is arranged at two sides of the wheel set, and the gas spring 1 is arranged in a spring mounting seat 8 at the upper end of the axle box body 7;
one end of the axle box body 7 is connected with the rotary arm joint 5 arranged on a framework, the other end of the axle box body 7 is connected with the framework through the shock absorber 6, and preferably, the shock absorber 6 is parallel to the gas spring 1;
the cylinders 2 are arranged on a bogie or a vehicle body, preferably, the cylinders 2 are symmetrically arranged on the bogie or the vehicle body;
each cylinder 2 is provided with a control valve 4, and preferably, the control valve 4 is a ball valve;
each cylinder 2 is communicated with the corresponding gas spring 1 through a corresponding pipeline 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the gas spring 1 includes: the air bag type air bag comprises an upper guide cylinder 1-1, a lower guide cylinder 1-2 and a sealing air bag 1-3, wherein the upper guide cylinder 1-1 is sleeved outside the lower guide cylinder 1-2, and preferably, the outer diameter of an opening of the lower guide cylinder 1-2 is equal to the inner diameter of the opening of the upper guide cylinder 1-1;
the sealing air bag 1-3 is arranged in a cavity formed by the upper guide cylinder 1-1 and the lower guide cylinder 1-2, an air inlet 1-5 is formed in the upper portion of the sealing air bag 1-3, the air inlet 1-5 penetrates through a through hole in the upper portion of the upper guide cylinder 1-1 and is connected with the pipeline 3, and a rubber pad 1-4 is arranged on the lower end face of the lower guide cylinder 1-2.
When the invention is used, the method comprises the following steps:
in a first step, when the bogie is initially installed on a vehicle, the air pressure of the gas spring 1, the cylinder 2 and the pipeline 3 is P (i.e. the vertical acting force generated by each gas spring 1 between the axle box 7 and the frame is F ═ P × S), and the air volume of each gas spring 1 is V1Air volume of cylinder 2 is V2The air volume of the pipeline 3 is V3The effective area (approximately the area enclosed by the cross section of the inner wall of the sealed air bag) of the gas spring 1 is S.
In a second step, gas springs 1 are compressed vertically h under the influence of body load or other conditions, wherein the volume of each gas spring 1 is approximately V'1＝V1-S x h. According to the ideal gas equation, under the condition of constant temperature, the air pressure in the gas spring is approximate to
That is, the vertical acting force generated between the axle box body and the framework by the gas spring is approximately
Thirdly, the rigidity of the primary suspension is approximate to that of the primary suspension without considering the influence of the rotating arm joint 5 and the rubber pads 1-4 and under the condition of constant temperature
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A pneumatic primary suspension device comprising: the wheel set comprises a gas spring (1), a rotating arm joint (5), a shock absorber (6) and a shaft box body (7), wherein the shaft box body (7) is arranged on two sides of a wheel set, the gas spring (1) is arranged in a spring mounting seat (8) at the upper end of the shaft box body (7), one end of the shaft box body (7) is connected with the rotating arm joint (5) arranged on a framework, and the other end of the shaft box body (7) is connected with the framework through the shock absorber (6); the method is characterized in that:
the pneumatic primary suspension device further comprises two independent cylinders (2), the cylinders (2) are mounted on the bogie or the vehicle body, each cylinder (2) is provided with a control valve (4), and each cylinder (2) is communicated with the corresponding pneumatic spring (1) through a corresponding pipeline (3).
2. The pneumatic primary suspension according to claim 1, wherein the control valve (4) is a ball valve.
3. The pneumatic primary suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that the damper (6) is parallel to the gas spring (1).
4. The pneumatic primary suspension according to claim 1, wherein the cylinders (2) are symmetrically mounted on a bogie or a vehicle body.
5. The pneumatic primary suspension according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic spring (1) comprises: the air-conditioning device comprises an upper guide cylinder (1-1), a lower guide cylinder (1-2) and a sealing air bag (1-3), wherein the upper guide cylinder (1-1) is sleeved outside the lower guide cylinder (1-2), the sealing air bag (1-3) is installed in a cavity formed by the upper guide cylinder (1-1) and the lower guide cylinder (1-2), an air inlet (1-5) is formed in the upper portion of the sealing air bag (1-3), the air inlet (1-5) penetrates through a through hole in the upper portion of the upper guide cylinder (1-1) and is connected with a pipeline (3), and a rubber pad (1-4) is installed on the lower end face of the lower guide cylinder (1-2).
6. The pneumatic primary suspension device according to claim 5, wherein the outer diameter of the opening of the lower guide cylinder (1-2) is equal to the inner diameter of the opening of the upper guide cylinder (1-1).
7. The method of obtaining a primary suspension stiffness for a pneumatic primary suspension according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
in the first step, when the bogie is initially installed on a vehicle, the air pressure of the air springs (1), the air cylinders (2) and the pipeline (3) is P, the vertical acting force generated between the axle box body and the framework by each air spring is F ═ P × S, and the air volume of each air spring is V1Air volume of cylinder is V2Air volume of the pipeline is V3The effective area of the gas spring is S;
second, the gas spring being loaded by the vehicle body or other conditionsEffecting vertical compression h, at which time the volume of each gas spring is approximately V1'＝V1-S x h, at constant temperature, at which the air pressure inside the gas spring is approximately equal to
That is, the vertical acting force generated between the axle box body and the framework by the gas spring is approximately
Thirdly, under the conditions of not considering the influence of the rotating arm joint (5) and the rubber pads (1-4) and unchanged temperature, the rigidity of the primary suspension is approximately equal to
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110740074.9A CN113291345B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Pneumatic primary suspension device and primary suspension rigidity obtaining method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110740074.9A CN113291345B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Pneumatic primary suspension device and primary suspension rigidity obtaining method |
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| CN113291345A true CN113291345A (en) | 2021-08-24 |
| CN113291345B CN113291345B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114670888A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-06-28 | 西南交通大学 | Train derail back anticreep line device |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3048516A1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-07-15 | Wegmann & Co, 3500 Kassel | Rail vehicle primary spring system - has combined elastic and gas springs connected to secondary gas spring chambers |
| JPH06329021A (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Axle spring gear for railway vehicle |
| US20030230865A1 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2003-12-18 | Warinner Derek K. | Suspension system for a vehicle |
| UA74902C2 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2006-02-15 | Kriukiv Carriage Building Work | Passenger car truck |
| JP2006151310A (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-06-15 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Bogie for railway vehicle |
| GB0917009D0 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2009-11-11 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Method of controlling a pneumatic suspension of a bogie of a rail vehicle, and bogie provided with a pneumatic suspension. |
| CN102050134A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-05-11 | 青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Air spring failure indication and braking device system |
| AT514458A1 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-01-15 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | Air suspension device for a rail vehicle |
| DE202018005034U1 (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2018-11-08 | Continental Ag | Air suspension system for a rail vehicle |
| CN110979380A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Framework device based on novel primary suspension and longitudinal motor |
| CN212022653U (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-11-27 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Primary suspension device and bogie |
| DE102019212483A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | Contitech Luftfedersysteme Gmbh | Air spring |
-
2021
- 2021-06-30 CN CN202110740074.9A patent/CN113291345B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3048516A1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-07-15 | Wegmann & Co, 3500 Kassel | Rail vehicle primary spring system - has combined elastic and gas springs connected to secondary gas spring chambers |
| JPH06329021A (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Axle spring gear for railway vehicle |
| US20030230865A1 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2003-12-18 | Warinner Derek K. | Suspension system for a vehicle |
| UA74902C2 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2006-02-15 | Kriukiv Carriage Building Work | Passenger car truck |
| JP2006151310A (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-06-15 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Bogie for railway vehicle |
| GB0917009D0 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2009-11-11 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Method of controlling a pneumatic suspension of a bogie of a rail vehicle, and bogie provided with a pneumatic suspension. |
| CN102050134A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-05-11 | 青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Air spring failure indication and braking device system |
| AT514458A1 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-01-15 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | Air suspension device for a rail vehicle |
| DE202018005034U1 (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2018-11-08 | Continental Ag | Air suspension system for a rail vehicle |
| DE102019212483A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | Contitech Luftfedersysteme Gmbh | Air spring |
| CN110979380A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Framework device based on novel primary suspension and longitudinal motor |
| CN212022653U (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-11-27 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Primary suspension device and bogie |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114670888A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-06-28 | 西南交通大学 | Train derail back anticreep line device |
| CN114670888B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-03-24 | 西南交通大学 | Train derail back anticreep line device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113291345B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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