CN109130751A - A kind of double gas chamber air suspensions, interconnection suspension system and vehicle - Google Patents
A kind of double gas chamber air suspensions, interconnection suspension system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109130751A CN109130751A CN201811160990.XA CN201811160990A CN109130751A CN 109130751 A CN109130751 A CN 109130751A CN 201811160990 A CN201811160990 A CN 201811160990A CN 109130751 A CN109130751 A CN 109130751A
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
- B60G11/265—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs hydraulic springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
- B60G11/27—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs wherein the fluid is a gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
- B60G11/28—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/02—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
- B60G17/04—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics
- B60G17/052—Pneumatic spring characteristics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
- B60G2500/20—Spring action or springs
- B60G2500/22—Spring constant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/16—Running
- B60G2800/162—Reducing road induced vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/20—Stationary vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/90—System Controller type
- B60G2800/91—Suspension Control
- B60G2800/912—Attitude Control; levelling control
- B60G2800/9124—Roll-over protection systems, e.g. for warning or control
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of airsuspension systems.Left and right air suspension structure is symmetrical, is made of respectively upper air spring, lower air spring, suspension push rod, spring fastening, connecting rod and damper.Upper and lower two air spring forms double gas chamber air spring assemblies, guarantees when a gas chamber is compressed relative to equilbrium position and another gas chamber is stretched.Connecting rod both ends are hinged with suspension push rod, hinged-support respectively, form suspension lever mechanism.The air suspension intrinsic frequency does not change with sprung mass, initial gas pressure, only related to the volume of air spring, effective area and suspension lever mechanism.By the upper left air spring, bottom right air spring and auxiliary chamber of double gas chamber airsuspension systems by piping connection at gas return path, by upper right air spring, lower-left air spring and auxiliary chamber by piping connection at gas return path.Automobile ride can be improved, and there is better vehicle anti-roll capability, the rigidity of the suspension system, damping capacity are easy to adjust in practical applications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile chassis suspension system regions, and in particular to a kind of double gas chamber air suspensions and anti-side are inclined double gas
Room air interconnects suspension system.
Background technique
With the fast development of auto industry, requirement of the people to automobile ride and driving safety is higher and higher.It drives
If in vibration, the stronger working environment of noise, it is existing to be easy to produce the fatigue such as absent minded, slow in reacting for a long time by the person of sailing
As so as to cause traffic accident generation；It also will increase the pathogenetic probability of the occupation such as driver's cervical vertebra, thoracic cavity, finger simultaneously.This
Outside, automobile vibration can also shorten the service life of components, reduce driving safety, increase maintenance cost.Good automobile is flat
It is pliable to often require that suspension rate is smaller, but when automobile carries out lane change, turning driving, the suspension compared with " soft " will lead to body side
Incline larger, even result in vehicle rollover, seriously affects the security of the lives and property of passenger.Therefore, it is flat need to take into account automobile for suspension design
Pliable and maneuverability should have good vertical vibration isolation ability and enough roll stiffness simultaneously.
Compared with traditional elastic element such as helical spring, leaf spring or rubber bushing, air spring has anti-S non-thread
Property rigidity, the advantages that vibration transmissibility is low, sound insulation value is good, are widely used in vehicle suspension system as excellent vibration isolation element
System.The rigidity of air spring is smaller, greatly improves automobile ride, but air suspension anti-roll capability is insufficient, air is outstanding
It sets up timing to generally require to match thicker stabilizer bar to enhance the roll stiffness of suspension system, but destroys antero posterior axis side
The reasonable distribution for rigidity of inclining, reduces comfort, and is difficult to realize the separate configurations of damping, also adds additional weight.
Patent CN201310342491, CN201310342479 discloses a kind of anti-hydraulic interconnection suspension of inclination, the suspension
It is made of elements such as double action hydraulic cylinder, fluid pressure line, orifice valve, accumulators, accumulator and orifice valve in hydraulic circuit
Additional rigidity and damping can be provided for suspension system, to improve the anti-roll/pitch ability of vehicle.Hydraulic interconnection is suspended in
Vertical direction needs traditional spring system to support sprung mass, and in addition accumulator increases additional weight, and in the course of work
For the middle higher pressure action of need in hydraulic circuit, leakproofness and the accuracy of manufacture to part propose higher requirement.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, it is outstanding to propose a kind of double gas chamber air for one aspect of the present invention
Frame, double gas chamber air suspension intrinsic frequencies not with sprung mass, initial gas pressure change, only with the volume of air spring, effectively
Area and suspension lever ratio are related.It is outstanding to also proposed a kind of double gas chambers interconnections of inclining of anti-side for another aspect of the present invention on this basis
Frame system can be improved automobile ride, and have better vehicle anti-roll capability, in practical applications can be additional by changing
Gas chamber volume adjusts suspension rate, damping when intrinsic frequency with suspension leverage size, is adjusted by changing gas spring air pressure
Suspension height is saved, suspension damping can also be finely tuned by installing throttle valve in pipeline.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of air suspension for vehicle,
The air suspension includes left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure, and the left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure are relative to a vehicle left side
The right side is symmetrical arranged；The left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure all include upper air spring, lower air spring, spring fastening, hang
Frame push rod, suspension swing arm, connection lever；
The upper air spring and lower air spring are separately positioned on above and below spring fastening；The upper air spring
Top is fixedly connected with upper frame rail；The lower air spring bottom is fixedly connected with lower frame rail；
Hinged-support be arranged on lower frame rail, connection lever and the hinged-support by revolute it is hinged, spring fastening and
Connect lever connection, suspension push rod one end with to connect lever hinged, formation suspension lever mechanism；
The suspension push rod other end and suspension swing arm are hinged；
Described suspension swing arm one end connects wheel, and the other end is hinged with lower frame rail.
The suspension lever mechanism, suspension push rod hinge joint, spring fastening tie point can be located at hinged-support two sides or same
Side, so that the connection lever can be designed to the structure of connecting rod or connecting plate, and can flexible design lever ratio, thus
Adjust double gas chamber air suspension rigidity, intrinsic frequency and damping ratio.
Specifically, the connecting rod can design integrated connecting rod, it can also be designed to segmented connecting rod, if
It is designed to segmented connecting rod, then connecting rod is located at spring fastening two sides, and is fixedly connected with spring fastening.
Specifically, the air suspension includes left suspension frame structure the present invention also provides a kind of air suspension for vehicle
With right suspension frame structure, the left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure are symmetrical arranged relative to left and right vehicle wheel；The left suspension frame structure
It all include upper air spring, lower air spring, spring fastening, suspension push rod, suspension swing arm, connecting rod with right suspension frame structure；
The upper air spring and lower air spring are separately positioned on above and below spring fastening, and upper air spring is under
Air spring is connected by spring fastening；There is attachment device at the top of the upper air spring, and be fixedly connected with upper frame rail；
The lower air spring bottom has attachment device, and is fixedly connected with lower frame rail；
The connecting rod includes first connecting rod and the second connecting rod；The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod edge respectively
Lateral direction of car is arranged in each spring fastening two sides；Described first connecting rod one end is fixedly connected with spring fastening, the other end with
Suspension push rod is hinged；Second connecting rod one end is fixedly connected with spring fastening, and the other end is hinged with hinged-support；It is described hinged
Seat is arranged on lower frame rail；
Suspension push rod one end is hinged with suspension swing arm, and the other end is hinged with first connecting rod；
Described suspension swing arm one end connects wheel, and the other end is hinged with lower frame rail.
Specifically, spring fastening is bolted to connection with first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod and hinge
Support is hinged by revolute, forms suspension lever mechanism.
Specifically, the hinged-support is arranged among lower frame rail, left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure share the hinge
Second connecting rod of support, left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure is all hinged by revolute with the hinged-support.
Specifically, suspension push rod both ends are flexural pivot, suspension push rod lower end is hinged by flexural pivot with suspension swing arm, and suspension pushes away
Bar upper end is hinged by flexural pivot with first connecting rod.
The present invention also provides a kind of air suspension for vehicle, the air suspension includes left suspension frame structure and right suspension
Structure, the left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure are symmetrical arranged relative to left and right vehicle wheel；The left suspension frame structure and right suspension
Structure all includes upper air spring, lower air spring, spring fastening, suspension push rod, suspension swing arm, connecting plate；
The upper air spring and lower air spring are separately positioned on above and below spring fastening, and upper air spring is under
Air spring is connected by spring fastening；There is attachment device at the top of the upper air spring, and be fixedly connected with upper frame rail；
The lower air spring bottom has attachment device, and is fixedly connected with lower frame rail；
The connecting plate is in up-side down triangle, is arranged in the outside of each spring fastening along lateral direction of car, under the connecting plate
One angle in portion and hinged-support are hinged；The hinged-support is arranged on lower frame rail, and two angles on the connecting plate top are distinguished
In hinged-support two sides；
One of angle at two angles on the connecting plate top is connect with spring fastening, another angle and suspension push rod one
End is hinged；
The suspension push rod other end and suspension swing arm are hinged；
Described suspension swing arm one end connects wheel, and the other end is hinged with lower frame rail.
Specifically, the hinged-support setting is in lower frame rail two sides, the connecting plate point of left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure
Not hinged by revolute with the hinged-support, spring fastening is bolted to connection with connecting plate, forms suspension lever machine
Structure.
Specifically, the left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure further include damper, damper upper end connecting vehicle frame
Upper beam, lower end are hinged with suspension swing arm；The suspension swing arm has multiple mounting holes, for adjusting the position connecting with damper lower end
It sets；Upper frame rail also has multiple mounting holes, for adjusting the position of damper upper end connection.
It further includes first that the present invention also provides a kind of double gas chamber air interconnection suspension systems including above-mentioned air suspension
Pipeline and the second pipeline, the upper air spring of the left suspension frame structure of the air suspension and the lower air spring of right suspension frame structure are logical
The first piping connection is crossed into first gas circuit；The upper air spring and left suspension frame structure of the right suspension frame structure of the air suspension
Lower air spring by the second piping connection at second gas circuit.
Specifically, double gas chamber air interconnection suspension systems further include attached first auxiliary chamber and the second auxiliary chamber, institute
State the first auxiliary chamber and first piping connection；Second auxiliary chamber and second piping connection.
The present invention also provides a kind of vehicles, including double gas chamber air as described above interconnect suspension system.
Different volumes may be selected in the first, second auxiliary chamber in first, second gas return path of the invention, can also be not connected to
Auxiliary chamber changes the conveniently adjusted suspension rate of volume, damping ratio and the intrinsic frequency of auxiliary chamber.
As present invention further optimization, the first, second auxiliary chamber in the first, second pneumatic circuit is that metal is close
Container is closed, volume is 2L, respectively has an aeration aperture, is standard pipe thread in hole.
As present invention further optimization, between air spring, auxiliary chamber by tracheae with certain flexibility,
Acting gas pipe joint, three-way connection etc. are linked to be gas return path, and throttle valve can also be installed in gas return path and carrys out regulating gas damping.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have below beneficial to effect
Fruit:
(1) intrinsic frequency of double gas chamber air suspensions only with the effective area of air spring, volume and lever mechanism
Geometric parameter is related, unrelated with sprung mass, initial gas pressure, therefore can guarantee that suspension is good in automobile zero load, semi-load, full load
Equal frequencies characteristic, to be conducive to improve automobile ride；
(2) automobile ride can be improved in double gas chamber air interconnection suspensions, and has better vehicle anti-roll capability, in reality
The rigidity of the suspension system, damping capacity are easy to adjust in the application of border.
(3) double gas chamber air interconnection suspensions are passive suspension, do not consume energy additionally, can reduce disappearing for fuel oil or electric energy
Consumption.
(4) the suspension lever mechanism described in, suspension push rod hinge joint, spring fastening tie point can be located at hinged-support two sides or
It is ipsilateral, can flexible design lever ratio, to adjust double gas chamber air suspension rigidity, intrinsic frequency and damping ratio.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is according to air suspension structure schematic diagram constructed by one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is according to air spring assembly structural schematic diagram constructed by one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is according to suspension lever mechanical work principle figure constructed by one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is according to air suspension structure schematic diagram constructed by another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is according to suspension lever mechanical work principle figure constructed by another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is to interconnect suspension system arrangement schematic diagram according to double gas chambers air constructed by one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is to interconnect suspension system arrangement schematic diagram according to double gas chambers air constructed by another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is according to the interconnection of double gas chambers air constructed by embodiment of the present invention suspension frame upper beam, lower frame rail whole
Schematic view of the mounting position in vehicle.
In all attached drawings, in which: 1- wheel, 2- suspension push rod, 3- damper, 401- first connecting rod, 402- second connect
Extension bar, 41- connecting plate, 5- upper frame rail, the first auxiliary chamber of 601-, the second auxiliary chamber of 602-, the upper air spring of 7-, 8-
One connecting tube, the second connecting tube of 9-, 10- suspension swing arm, 11- lower frame rail, air spring under 12-, 13- spring fastening, 14- hinge
Support.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.Those skilled in the art may recognize that
It arrives, it without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can be with a variety of different modes or combinations thereof to described
Embodiment is modified.Therefore, attached drawing and description are regarded as illustrative in nature, rather than the protection for limiting claim
Range.In addition, in the present specification, attached drawing is drawn not in scale, and identical appended drawing reference indicates identical part.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram according to air suspension constructed by one embodiment of the invention.It is outstanding in the embodiment
Frame lever mechanism, it is ipsilateral that suspension push rod hinge joint, spring fastening tie point are located at hinged-support, and connection lever is connection rod structure,
In the air suspension, upper frame rail 5 and lower frame rail 11 are after fabrication by being assembled into an entirety, with the fixed company of vehicle body
It connects.Lower frame rail 11 and vehicle foreside or rear portion are directly connected, and upper frame rail 5 passes through two support rods and vehicle in the every side of vehicle body
Frame front or rear portion are connected, and provide assembly space for damper 3 and suspension leverage (referring to Fig. 8).Upper frame rail 5 and lower frame rail
11 be U-shaped beam.Its connection type is not known in figure to be drawn, and is specifically including but not limited to: being bolted, welds, rivets.Vehicle frame
Grooved hole or multiple mounting holes, location hole etc. are processed on upper beam 5 and lower frame rail 11, for fix air spring, suspension leverage,
The components such as hinged-support.
The air suspension includes left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure, and left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure are relative to vehicle
It is symmetrical set.Left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure all include upper air spring 7, lower air spring 12, spring fastening 13,
Suspension push rod 2, suspension swing arm 10, connecting rod 4.Upper air spring 7 and lower air spring 12 are bellows type air spring.Spring branch
The air bag of seat and upper air spring, lower air spring is made integrally by adhesion process, and spring fastening passes through connecting hole and company
Extension bar connection.Left suspension frame structure is identical with 7 specification of upper air spring of right suspension frame structure, left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure
Lower 12 specification of air spring is identical.The upper and lower surface of bellows type air spring used in the present invention has fixed threaded hole,
It is regular screw threads in hole.It is wherein additionally provided with aeration aperture on one side, is pipe screw thread in hole.
Wherein upper air spring 7 and lower air spring 12 are separately positioned on above and below spring fastening 13, upper air bullet
Spring 7 and lower air spring 12 are connected by spring fastening 13.At the top of upper air spring 7 have attachment device, and with upper frame rail 5
It is fixedly connected.Lower 12 bottom of air spring has attachment device, and is fixedly connected with lower frame rail 11.
As shown in Fig. 2, upper air spring 7 is fixedly connected with gas chamber air in pairs by spring fastening 13 with lower air spring 12
Spring assembly.At the top of upper air spring and lower air spring bottom has bolt hole.Upper air spring upper surface and upper frame rail 5
It is bolted, lower air spring lower end surface is bolted with lower frame rail 11.Upper frame rail 5 and underbeam 11 are processed
Grooved hole or single row of holes to adjust installation site of the air spring on vehicle frame, and facilitate tracheae opening by the upper and lower beam of vehicle frame
Air spring is connect by hole with gas source (air compressor, switch valve, drier, check valve etc.), to provide to air spring
Initial gas pressure.The connection gas circuit of compressed air source unit and air spring is not known in figure to be drawn.
The connecting rod 4 of left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure all includes first connecting rod 401 and the second connecting rod 402.The
One connecting rod 401 and the second connecting rod 402 are arranged along lateral direction of car in each 13 two sides of spring fastening respectively.First connecting rod
401 one end are fixedly connected with spring fastening 13, and the other end and suspension push rod 2 are hinged.Second connecting rod, 402 one end and spring fastening
13 are fixedly connected, and the other end and the hinged-support 14 being arranged on lower frame rail are hinged.2 one end of suspension push rod and suspension swing arm 10 are cut with scissors
It connects, the other end and first connecting rod 401 are hinged.10 one end of suspension swing arm connects wheel 1, and the other end and lower frame rail 11 are hinged.
Spring fastening is fixedly connected with first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, and connection type includes but is not limited to: bolt connects
It connects, weld, rivet.Second connecting rod 402 is hinged by revolute with hinged-support 14.First connecting rod 401, the second connecting rod
402, spring fastening 13 and the up and down formation of air spring 7 and 12 suspension lever mechanism.Hinged-support 14 is fulcrum.First connecting rod
401 and second connecting rod 402 length and the position of hinged-support and spring fastening can flexibly be set according to the needs of suspension design
It sets, to change lever ratio.The lever mechanism form lower suspension push rod and spring fastening are located at the ipsilateral of hinged-support, left suspension knot
Volume, outer diameter, the effective area of the upper air spring 7 of structure and right suspension frame structure are all larger than lower air spring 12.The lever form
Suspension intrinsic frequency can be reduced.
As shown in figure 3, being the suspension lever mechanical work principle figure of the embodiment.By taking left suspension frame structure as an example, work as vehicle
When roll motion occurs for vehicle body of turning, by taking vehicle body Right deviation as an example, wheel 1 jumps (in figure shown in arrow) relative under vehicle body.Wheel 1
Suspension push rod 2 is driven to move downward by suspension swing arm 10, to drive first connecting rod 401, the second connecting rod 402 and bullet
Spring support 13 is moved downward with hinged-support 14 for fulcrum, finally reduces gas compression in air spring 7, volume becomes larger, gas
Pressure reduces；And gas compression increases in lower air spring 12, volume reduces, and air pressure increases.
Preferably, hinge revolute reduces friction using polymeric coating layer, or adds the mode of lubrication to reduce using bearing and rub
It wipes.Preferably, hinged-support is arranged among lower frame rail, and left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure share the hinged-support, and a left side is outstanding
Frame structure and the second connecting rod of right suspension frame structure are all hinged by revolute with the hinged-support.Suspension push rod both ends are ball
Hinge, suspension push rod lower end is hinged by flexural pivot with suspension swing arm, and suspension push rod upper end is hinged by flexural pivot with first connecting rod.
Fig. 4 is according to another embodiment constructed by the present invention, in this embodiment, suspension push rod 2 and spring fastening
13 are located at 14 two sides of hinged-support.Suspension push rod hinge joint, the spring fastening tie point of suspension lever mechanism are located at hinged-support two sides,
Lever design is connected into the structure of connecting plate, the volume of the lower air spring 12 of left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure, has outer diameter
Effect area is all larger than air spring 7.The lever mechanism form can increase the intrinsic frequency of suspension.In this embodiment, hinged
14 setting of seat all passes through connecting plate 41 and connects suspension push rod 2 and bullet in lower frame rail two sides, left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure
Spring support 13.Connecting plate 41 is in up-side down triangle, and the outside of each spring fastening 13 is arranged in along lateral direction of car.41 lower part of connecting plate
An angle and hinged-support 14 it is hinged.Two angles on 41 top of connecting plate respectively in 14 two sides of hinged-support, respectively with suspension push rod 2
It is connect with spring fastening 13.One of angle at two angles on connecting plate top is fixedly connected with spring fastening, another angle with
Suspension push rod one end is hinged.Hinged-support is hinged by revolute, and spring fastening is fixedly connected with connecting plate, forms suspension lever machine
Structure.In the embodiment, other connection structures are same as the previously described embodiments.
As shown in figure 5, being the suspension lever mechanical work principle figure of the embodiment.By taking left suspension frame structure as an example, work as vehicle
When roll motion occurs for vehicle body of turning, by taking vehicle body is left-leaning as an example, wheel 1 jumps (in figure shown in arrow) relative on vehicle body.Wheel 1
Suspension push rod 2 is driven to move upwards by suspension swing arm 10, suspension push rod 2 drives connecting plate 41 with hinged-support 14 for fulcrum fortune
It is dynamic, so that spring fastening 13 be driven to move downward, finally reduce gas compression in air spring 7, volume becomes larger, and air pressure subtracts
It is small；And gas compression increases in lower air spring 12, volume reduces, and air pressure increases.
As shown in Figure 2, double gas chamber air springs are made of upper air spring 7, lower air spring 12 and spring fastening 13.
Upper air spring 7, lower air spring 12 respectively constitute upper chamber, lower chamber.Double gas chamber air springs are as suspension flexibility member
Part be applied to air suspension, if not considering the influence of suspension lever mechanism, suspension intrinsic frequency only with gas above and below air spring
The effective area and volume structure relating to parameters of room, unrelated with sprung mass, initial gas pressure, specific derivation process is as follows:
If the sprung mass of air suspension a quarter vehicle is M, the effective area of upper air spring 7, lower air spring 12
Respectively AUAnd AL, calculated to simplify, it is assumed that the effective area A of double gas chamber air springsUAnd ALFor constant.Upper air spring
7, the initial gas pressure of lower air spring 12 is equal, is P0.On at equipoise lower chamber act on the resultant force of piston with
Sprung mass gravity balances each other:
P0(AL-AU)=Mg [1]
G indicates gravitational constant in formula.Similar to the method for suspension KC bench test measurement suspension rate, sprung mass is consolidated
Fixed, when applying displacement x vertically upward to wheel, the vertical force F that double gas chamber air springs generate can be indicated are as follows:
F=PLAL-PUAU [2]
P in formulaU、PLRespectively indicate the air pressure of upper and lower air spring.
There is no gas exchanges with the external world in air spring compression process, and air pressure is no more than in the air spring course of work
7MPa, temperature and environment temperature are close, the gas in air spring can be considered as perfect gas under the conditions of this, gaseous state is abided by
Follow polytropic process changing rule:
V in formulaU、VLRespectively indicate the volume of upper and lower air spring；γ is polytropic exponent, when air spring movement velocity is slow
When slow, air spring exchanged with the heat of external environment it is more abundant, during spring tension and compression in spring gas temperature with it is external
Temperature is consistent substantially, this process may be considered constant temperature process, and in constant temperature process, air spring is worked as in γ=1 of above formula
When movement velocity is rapid, the heat that air compression generates is larger, and radiating rate can not keep up with the speed of heat generation in the short time,
It can approximatively think there is no heat exchange during this, it is believed that it is adiabatic process, and in adiabatic process, the γ of above formula=
1.4。C1、C2Amount respectively relevant to the parameters such as molecular weight gas, gas constant in air spring is constant.
Formula [3] and formula [4] the right and left can obtain displacement x derivation respectively
When lower chamber gas is pressurizedIt is negative,It is positive, when upper chamber gas is pressurizedIt is positive,For
It is negative.When air spring displacement x is smaller, it is believed that the variable quantity of 2 air chambers air pressure and volume is all smaller relative to its initial value,
Therefore approximation obtains PL=PU=P0、VL=VL0And VU=VU0, wherein VL0、VU0Respectively indicate the first initial body of lower chamber and upper chamber
Product.By formula [2] equal sign the right and left to displacement x derivation, and formula [5] and formula [6] substitution can be obtained into double gas chamber air springs
Vertical stiffness are as follows:
By the rigidity of the air spring known to formula [7] it is practical be upper and lower 2 air chambers air spring parallel connection, stiffness Kair's
Size is related with the effective area of upper lower chamber, volume structure parameter and initial gas pressure.
Convolution [1] and formula [7] can obtain the intrinsic frequency of the air suspension are as follows:
Effective area and volume of the intrinsic frequency of the air suspension with lower chamber on air spring known to formula [8]
Structural parameters are related, unrelated with sprung mass, initial gas pressure.
If considering the influence of suspension lever mechanism, it is assumed that lever ratio i is defined as spring fastening to the distance l of hinged-supportmWith
Distance l of the wheel to hinged-supportnThe ratio between, i.e. i=lm/ln, then suspension Line stiffness are as follows:
Kl=Kairi [9]
Line stiffness with normal spiral spring independent suspension is the i of rigid axle suspension2Different from.
The intrinsic frequency of double gas chamber air suspensions of lever ratio is considered at this time are as follows:
Its intrinsic frequency is rigid axle suspensionTherefore, the intrinsic frequency of double gas chamber air interconnection suspensions only with lever
It is more related to volume than, the effective area of air spring, it is unrelated with spring load.
Fig. 6-7 is double gas chamber air interconnection suspension system arrangement signals of inclining according to anti-side constructed by the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.Further include the first pipeline 8 and the second pipeline 9 on the basis of above-mentioned air suspension, the left suspension frame structure of air suspension it is upper
The lower air spring 12 of air spring 7 and right suspension frame structure connects into first gas circuit by the first pipeline 8.Air suspension
The upper air spring 7 of right suspension frame structure and the lower air spring 12 of left suspension frame structure connect into second gas by the second pipeline 9
Circuit.Preferably, air interconnection suspension system further includes the first auxiliary chamber 601 and the second auxiliary chamber 602.First is additional
Gas chamber 601 is connect with the first pipeline 8.Second auxiliary chamber 602 is connect with the second pipeline 9.First auxiliary chamber 601 and the first pipe
Road 8 is connected by three-way connection, and the second auxiliary chamber 602 is connect with the second pipeline 9 by three-way connection.First pipeline 8 and
The connecting tube of two pipelines 9 is high-pressure air pipe, has preferable leakproofness, and have certain flexibility, can be according to suspension special case
Flexible arrangement, knee have certain radius.Also mountable throttle valve adjustment air damping in the gas return path, the program is not
It draws in the present embodiment.In above scheme, the auxiliary chamber of not co-content is may be selected in gas return path, also can according to need not
Auxiliary chamber is connected, thus flexible modulation suspension rate, intrinsic frequency and damping ratio.
When catenary motion occurs for vehicle body, since left and right air spring is cross interconnected, and in every gas circuit, series connection is additional
Gas chamber is increased by the compressible volume of air known to formula [10], can reduce the vertical stiffness of double gas chamber air suspensions and intrinsic
Frequency, and the damping ratio that moves vertically increases with the reduction of suspension vetical stiffness, to be obviously improved automobile ride.
In the examples above, it is preferred that left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure further include damper 3,3 upper end of damper
Connecting vehicle frame upper beam 5, lower end and suspension swing arm 10 are hinged.Preferably, referring to Fig. 6, suspension swing arm 10 is machined with multiple mounting holes,
For adjusting the position connecting with 3 lower end of damper with suspension swing arm 10.Also it is machined with multiple mounting holes on upper frame rail 5, uses
In the position of adjustment 3 upper end of damper connection.Therefore, the length of damper 3 and setting angle can be designed according to automobile chassis
Flexible modulation is needed, to change the damping characteristic of suspension.
The present invention also provides a kind of vehicles, including above-mentioned double gas chamber air to interconnect suspension system.It is interconnected with air shown in Fig. 6
For suspension system arrangement, when roll motion occurs for vehicle turning vehicle body, by taking vehicle body Right deviation as an example, left wheel is relative to vehicle body
Lower jump, right wheel on vehicle body relative to jumping.Left wheel by left suspension push rod drive do left suspension frame structure first connecting rod and
Second connecting rod moves downward, and right wheel drives the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod of right suspension frame structure by right suspension push rod
It moves upwards, finally makes the upper air spring of left suspension frame structure, the lower air spring of right suspension frame structure, the first auxiliary chamber 601
Gas compression reduces in the first gas circuit of composition, and air pressure reduces；And lower air spring, the right suspension frame structure of left suspension frame structure
Upper air spring, the second auxiliary chamber 602 composition second gas circuit in gas compression increase, air pressure increase.Work as vehicle body
When angle of heel is larger, due to nonlinear mechanics characteristic of the gas in big displacement compression process in gas return path, can provide compared with
Big suspension roll stiffness, to improve the anti-roll capability of vehicle.
The present invention is applied to automobile chassis suspension, the intrinsic frequency of the air suspension only with the effective area of air spring,
Volume and lever mechanism parameter are related, unrelated with sprung mass, initial gas pressure, have compared with common spring preferably equal frequently special
Property.It is on the basis of double gas chamber air suspensions, left and right air spring is cross interconnected, it forms double gas chamber air and interconnects suspension system
System can be improved automobile ride, and have better vehicle anti-roll capability, improves the driving safety of vehicle and takes and relaxes
Adaptive.The rigidity and intrinsic frequency of double gas chamber air interconnection suspension systems can pass through the body of the first, second auxiliary chamber of change
Product, lever mechanism (connecting rod/connecting plate length, the installation site of hinged-support position, air spring on vehicle frame) carry out spirit
It is living to adjust.Suspension form of the present invention is passive interconnection suspension, does not consume energy additionally, can reduce the consumption of fuel oil or electric energy.Institute
Kinematic pair is had no in of equal value but system using double gas chamber air spring assembly effects and two-way ram cylinder, improve system can
By property, the generation for situations such as reducing air spring gas leakage.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of air suspension for vehicle, which is characterized in that the air suspension includes left suspension frame structure and right suspension knot
Structure, the left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure are symmetrical arranged relative to left and right vehicle wheel；The left suspension frame structure and right suspension knot
Structure all includes upper air spring, lower air spring, spring fastening, suspension push rod, suspension swing arm, connection lever；
The upper air spring and lower air spring are separately positioned on above and below spring fastening；At the top of the upper air spring
It is fixedly connected with upper frame rail；The lower air spring bottom is fixedly connected with lower frame rail；
Hinged-support be arranged on lower frame rail, connection lever and the hinged-support pass through revolute it is hinged, spring fastening with connect
Lever connection, suspension push rod one end with to connect lever hinged, using hinged-support as fulcrum formation suspension lever mechanism；
The suspension push rod other end and suspension swing arm are hinged；
Described suspension swing arm one end connects wheel, and the other end is hinged with lower frame rail.
2. air suspension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the suspension lever mechanism, suspension push rod with
It connects the hinge joint of lever, spring fastening and is located at hinged-support two sides with the tie point for connecting lever；
Or suspension push rod with connect the hinge joint of lever, spring fastening and the tie point for connecting lever are located at hinged-support ipsilateral, institute
Stating connection lever includes first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged in spring fastening
It two sides and is all fixedly connected with spring fastening.
3. a kind of air suspension for vehicle, which is characterized in that the air suspension includes left suspension frame structure and right suspension knot
Structure, the left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure are symmetrical arranged relative to left and right vehicle wheel；The left suspension frame structure and right suspension knot
Structure all includes upper air spring, lower air spring, spring fastening, suspension push rod, suspension swing arm, connecting rod；
The upper air spring and lower air spring are separately positioned on above and below spring fastening, upper air spring and lower air
Spring is connected by spring fastening；There is attachment device at the top of the upper air spring, and be fixedly connected with upper frame rail；It is described
Lower air spring bottom has attachment device, and is fixedly connected with lower frame rail；
The connecting rod includes first connecting rod and the second connecting rod；The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively along vehicle
It is horizontally installed on each spring fastening two sides；Described first connecting rod one end is fixedly connected with spring fastening, the other end and suspension
Push rod is hinged；Second connecting rod one end is fixedly connected with spring fastening, and the other end is hinged with hinged-support；The hinged-support is set
It sets on lower frame rail；
Suspension push rod one end is hinged with suspension swing arm, and the other end is hinged with first connecting rod；
Described suspension swing arm one end connects wheel, and the other end is hinged with lower frame rail.
4. air suspension according to claim 3, which is characterized in that spring fastening and first connecting rod, the second connecting rod
It is bolted to connection, the second connecting rod is hinged by revolute with hinged-support, forms suspension lever mechanism.
5. air suspension according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the hinged-support is arranged among lower frame rail,
Left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure share the hinged-support, the second connecting rod of left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure all with institute
It is hinged by revolute to state hinged-support；Suspension push rod both ends are that flexural pivot, suspension push rod lower end and suspension swing arm are cut with scissors by flexural pivot
It connects, suspension push rod upper end is hinged by flexural pivot with first connecting rod.
6. a kind of air suspension for vehicle, which is characterized in that the air suspension includes left suspension frame structure and right suspension knot
Structure, the left suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure are symmetrical arranged relative to left and right vehicle wheel；The left suspension frame structure and right suspension knot
Structure all includes upper air spring, lower air spring, spring fastening, suspension push rod, suspension swing arm, connecting plate；
The upper air spring and lower air spring are separately positioned on above and below spring fastening, upper air spring and lower air
Spring is connected by spring fastening；There is attachment device at the top of the upper air spring, and be fixedly connected with upper frame rail；It is described
Lower air spring bottom has attachment device, and is fixedly connected with lower frame rail；
The connecting plate is in up-side down triangle, and the outside of each spring fastening is arranged in along lateral direction of car, the connecting plate lower part
One angle and hinged-support are hinged；The hinged-support is arranged on lower frame rail, and two angles on the connecting plate top are being cut with scissors respectively
Support two sides；
One of angle at two angles on the connecting plate top is connect with spring fastening, another angle and suspension push rod one end are cut with scissors
It connects；
The suspension push rod other end and suspension swing arm are hinged；
Described suspension swing arm one end connects wheel, and the other end is hinged with lower frame rail.
7. air suspension according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the hinged-support setting is on lower frame rail two sides, a left side
The connecting plate of suspension frame structure and right suspension frame structure is hinged by revolute with the hinged-support respectively, and spring fastening and connecting plate are logical
It crosses bolt to be fixedly connected, forms suspension lever mechanism by fulcrum of hinged-support.
8. air suspension according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that the left suspension frame structure and right suspension knot
Structure further includes damper, the damper upper end connecting vehicle frame upper beam, and lower end is hinged with suspension swing arm；The suspension swing arm has more
A mounting hole, for adjusting the position connecting with damper lower end；Upper frame rail also has multiple mounting holes, for adjusting damper
The position of upper end connection.
9. a kind of double gas chamber air interconnect suspension system, which is characterized in that including such as described in any item air of claim 1-8
Suspension, further includes the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the upper air spring of the left suspension frame structure of the air suspension and right suspension knot
The lower air spring of structure is by the first piping connection at first gas circuit；The upper air of the right suspension frame structure of the air suspension
The lower air spring of spring and left suspension frame structure is by the second piping connection at second gas circuit.
10. double gas chamber air according to claim 9 interconnect suspension system, which is characterized in that further include attached first additional
Gas chamber and the second auxiliary chamber, first auxiliary chamber and first piping connection；Second auxiliary chamber with it is described
Second piping connection.
11. a kind of vehicle, including as the described in any item double gas chamber air of claim 1-10 interconnect suspension system；It further include vehicle
Frame, vehicle frame include upper frame rail and lower frame rail；The upper frame rail and lower frame rail are fixedly connected with vehicle body.
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| CN110067828A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-30 | 江苏大学 | A kind of quasi- zero stiffness vibrating isolation system and vehicle |
| CN111942093A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-11-17 | 清驰汽车江苏有限公司 | Double-cross arm torsion bar spring suspension |
| CN114396448A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-26 | 重庆理工大学 | Air spring and height and rigidity decoupling method thereof |
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