CN113288351A - 医疗系统、介质源和/或能量源和套管针 - Google Patents
医疗系统、介质源和/或能量源和套管针 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种医疗系统、介质源和/或能量源和套管针,医疗系统包括医疗器械(2)和套管针(3,60),其中套管针(3,60)旨在提供进入患者体腔的人工通道,并且医疗器械(2)旨在用于通过套管针(3,60)被插入患者体腔并在患者体腔中执行医疗功能,其特征是,该医疗系统包括控制器,该控制器配置为确定医疗器械(2)是否被插入套管针(3,60)中并且仅在医疗器械(2)被插入套管针(3,60)中时才用医疗器械(2)执行医疗功能。此外,披露了相应的医疗系统的介质源和/或能量源和套管针。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包括医疗器械和套管针的医疗系统,其中该套管针用于提供进入患者体腔的人工通道,并且该医疗器械用于穿过该套管针被插入患者体腔中并在患者体腔中执行医疗功能。
此外,本发明涉及医疗系统的介质源和/或能量源和套管针。
背景技术
在现代医学中,上述类型的医疗系统被用于在患者体腔中执行外科手术而无需大范围打开体腔。因此,相应手术也被称为微创手术。
在微创手术中,手术通常通过内窥镜来控制,内窥镜通过套管针被插入体腔并采集体腔视频图像。视频图像被显示在监视器上,以便主治外科医生自身可在手术区域中定位。
为了用内窥镜采集体腔图像,必须照亮内窥镜视野。为此,内窥镜通常包括照明系统,该照明系统由从内窥镜的近端延伸到远端的光纤组成。可以在内窥镜近端处馈入照明光,使得在内窥镜远端发出光并照亮内窥镜视野。
照明光通常由外部光源产生,该外部光源通过光纤缆被连接到内窥镜。LED或激光二极管越来越多地被用作光源发光件。激光二极管主要被用作荧光检查的激发光源,但有时也被用于产生白色照明光。
但是,在使用激光二极管时,必须考虑到它们所发出的激光辐射强度可能很高,以致其若直接射中未受保护的眼睛就可能会造成伤害。虽然只要内窥镜通过套管针被插入体腔内就不会出现问题,但如果在手术开始或结束时内窥镜尚未或不再被插入体腔而由外科医生自由手持,则可能会发生事故。如果在手术过程中短暂地将内窥镜从体腔中取出以便清洁光学元件,则也会发生事故。
一些内窥镜具有用于光学元件的冲洗装置。冲洗介质例如水可以从外部来源被引入该冲洗装置中,其然后被输送向光学元件以清洁它们。但是,如果在内窥镜当前未被插入套管针时激活了外部介质源,则在手术室中可能发生不受控制的介质排放。一方面,这导致不必要的污染,另一方面,它可能带来例如因打滑而导致的其它事故风险。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种医疗系统,该医疗系统就所述问题而言得到改进。
根据本发明的一个方面,所述目的通过一种包括医疗器械和套管针的医疗系统来实现,其中所述套管针旨在提供进入患者体腔的人工通道,且所述医疗器械旨在用于经由套管针被插入患者体腔并用于在患者体腔中执行医疗功能,其特征进一步在于,该医疗系统包括控制器,该控制器配置成确定是否该医疗器械被插入套管针中以及仅在医疗器械被插入套管针的情况下才允许用医疗器械执行医疗功能。
根据本发明的医疗系统的设计确保了仅当医疗器械被插入套管针时才执行医疗功能。因此,可以避免在接受治疗或检查的体腔外的不希望有的医疗功能的不利影响。
根据本发明的一个有利实施例,医疗系统可以进一步包括旨在用于提供介质和/或能量以执行医疗功能的介质源和/或能量源,并且控制器可以被配置为只能在医疗器械插入套管针时才允许提供介质和/或能量。特别是,这可以防止在接受治疗或检查的体腔外的意外分配能量或介质。
在本发明医疗系统的一个可能实施例中,医疗器械可以是内窥镜。
介质源可旨在用于提供冲洗流体。这样做就避免了对在接受检查或治疗的体腔外输送冲洗流体以及相关的问题和风险。
能量源可以包括光源。优选地,能量源可以包括激光源。如果不小心在接受检查或治疗的体腔外发射光,则光且特别是激光可能很容易造成事故和伤害。在此,本发明可以显著提高医疗系统的操作安全性。
在本发明医疗系统的一个优选实施例中,内窥镜可以具有带有导电表面的轴且套管针可以具有至少一个电触点,在其被插入筒管针时该电触点可以与内窥镜的轴接触。
特别优选地,套管针可以具有两个电触点,在内窥镜被插入套管针时这两个电触点通过内窥镜的轴互连。通过这种方式,可以以特别简单的方式确定内窥镜被插入套管针。
在本发明医疗系统的一个可能实施例中,所述至少一个电触点可以是套管针的密封的一部分。在这种情况下,所述至少一个电触点可以由导电弹性聚合物所制成的密封件形成。在一个相应的实施例中,机械力特别低。
在本发明医疗系统的另一可能实施例中,内窥镜可包括由磁性材料制成的轴,并且套管针可包括至少一个线圈,在内窥镜被插入套管针时该线圈的电感会改变。通过这种方式,可以不接触地检测内窥镜插入套管针。
在本发明医疗系统的另一可能实施例中,套管针可以包括电容器,在内窥镜被插入套管针时该电容器的电容改变。通过这种方式,也可以非接触地检测内窥镜插入套管针。
在本发明医疗系统的另一可能实施例中,套管针可包括触觉开关,在内窥镜被插入套管针时该触觉开关被作动。这样一来,也可以特别容易地检测到内窥镜插入套管针。
优选地,根据本发明的医疗系统的控制器可以包括集成在套管针中的电路,该电路确定医疗器械是否被插入套管针中。特别优选地,该控制器可以被设计为当医疗器械被插入套管针时提供无线或有线使能信号(enabling signal)。通过将电路集成到套管针中,可以实现本发明而无需单独装置。
根据本发明的另一方面,该目的通过根据以上实施例的医疗系统的介质源和/或能量源来实现,其中,该介质源和/或能量源被配置为接收该控制器的使能信号并且仅在使能信号存在时才提供介质或能量。
根据本发明的又一方面,该问题通过相应医疗系统的套管针来解决。
关于由此可获得的优点和效果,明确参照以上解释。
附图说明
以下将参照一些示例性图来更详细解释本发明。就此而言,所示的实施例仅旨在有助于更好理解本发明而不是限制本发明,其中:
图1示出医疗系统,
图2示出套管针,
图3示出另一套管针,和
图4示出又一套管针。
具体实施方式
图1示出了医疗系统1。医疗系统1包括呈内窥镜2形式的医疗器械和套管针3。
内窥镜2具有主体10和细长的轴11。轴11和优选还有主体10由生物相容性金属材料例如医用级钢制造。
套管针3具有套管针头15和套管16,套管可以由生物相容性塑料例如PEEK制成。
医疗系统1被用在微创手术程序中以提供手术位点图像。为此,套管针3经过切口被插入接受治疗或检查的体腔(未示出),此时套管针头15留在患者体外,它可在那里被固定。然后,内窥镜2的轴11通过套管针3被插入体腔。
为了实现在体腔内的外科手术,可用气体如二氧化碳将其膨胀。为了防止气体经套管针3逸出,套管针配备有密封17、18。在这里,密封17被设计为封闭密封,其在没有器械插入时完全封闭套管针3。密封18可以是密封唇,其在器械插入时接触器械的轴。密封17、18由生物相容性弹性聚合物如硅氧烷(silicone)制成。
医疗系统1还包括呈光源20形式的能量源。光源20通过光纤缆21被连接到内窥镜2。在手术中,来自光源20的光通过光纤缆21被传输入内窥镜中,它在此经由未示出的光纤被传输到轴11的远端。在轴11的远端,发出光以照亮内窥镜2的视野。
光源20产生强烈白光,其可能损伤未受保护的眼睛。如果光源包括例如在DE102016124730A1中描述的激光源,则情况尤其如此。激光源也被用于在荧光检查中产生激发光。
医疗系统1还包括呈泵30形式的用于冲洗流体的介质源。泵30通过冲洗管与内窥镜2连接。冲洗流体通过泵30经由冲洗管被输送入内窥镜2中,它在此被输送向未示出的光学元件以在手术作业中清洁光学元件。
来自内窥镜3的冲洗流体可能在手术室中造成污垢,此外,冲洗流体可能引起诸如滑倒的事故风险。
该医疗系统包括控制器,只要内窥镜2未被插入套管针3,该控制器就可以防止由光源20或泵30输送能量和/或冲洗流体。
在图1所示的实施例中,密封17、18由导电聚合物制成。密封17、18的聚合物为此可混有金属粉或具有合适的涂层。密封17、18被连接到电路50。
当内窥镜2被插入套管针3时,通过金属轴11在密封17、18之间建立电气互连。这由电路50检测。然后,电路50生成使能信号,在接口51处提供该使能信号。接口51可以例如是连接器或无线接口。作为无线接口,例如可以考虑蓝牙或WLAN接口。在连接器的情况下,使能信号可通过信号线52传输。
光源20和泵30被配置成从电路50接收使能信号并且仅当存在使能信号时才提供光或冲洗流体。这样一来,当内窥镜2未穿过套管针3被插入接受检查或治疗的体腔时,安全地防止光源20或泵30被激活。同样,如果在手术过程中使内窥镜2从套管针3缩回例如以便将其更彻底清洗,则这可通过电路50来检测,并且可以在出现事故危险前安全停用光源20和/或泵30。
如果光源20被配置为既提供白光又提供激光,则可以独立于使能信号地提供白光,而只在存在使能信号时才提供激光。
在所示医疗系统1中,套管针3包括两个电触点。原则上,内窥镜2插入套管针3中也可以通过一次接触来检测。为此,可以确定是否通过信号线51和光纤缆21或冲洗管31和内窥镜2的轴11闭合一个电路。为此,也可在光纤缆21和/或冲洗管31内设置电导体。
图2示出了套管针60,其可被用作医疗系统1中的套管针3的替代。
套管针60又包括套管针头61和套管62,套管通过密封63、64被封闭。不同于密封17、18,密封63、64不是导电或不一定是导电的。
在套管针头61中如此布置线圈65,使得当内窥镜被插入套管针60时必须将图2未示出的内窥镜2引导穿过线圈65。在此过程中,线圈65的电感因为内窥镜2的轴11的磁行为、优选是铁磁行为而变化。
套管针60还包括测量线圈65的电感的电路70。当通过轴11改变电感时,电路70生成使能信号并将其通过接口71传输。接口71可以类似于接口51,例如是连接器或无线接口。
图3示出了另一套管针80,其结构类似于套管针60。套管针80包括具有两个电容器板85a和85b的电容器85。电容器85如下布置,当插入套管针80中时,图3未示出的内窥镜到达电容器板85a,85b的附近,优选在电容器板85a和85b之间。结果,电容器85的电容被改变。
套管针80包括测量电容器85的电容的电路90。当电容被改变时,电路90产生使能信号并通过接口91传输它。接口91可以类似于接口51,例如是连接器或无线接口。
图4示出另一个套管针100,其结构类似于前述套管针3、60、80。套管针100包括触觉开关105,当图4未示出的内窥镜被插入套管针100中时该触觉开关被作动。为此,可在套管针100内布置挡板106,其通过内窥镜沿箭头方向被转动并操纵触觉开关105。挡板106可通过未示出的弹簧逆着箭头107方向被偏置,从而它在内窥镜从套管针100缩回之后移动回到图4所示的位置。
套管针100包括评估触觉开关105的开关位置的电路110。当触觉开关105被作动时,电路110生成使能信号并将其通过接口111传输。接口111可以类似于接口51、71,例如是连接器或无线接口。
套管针3、60、80、100可被设计成可重复使用的。为此,必须充分保护电路50、70、90、110以免在再处理过程中受损,这可能是复杂的。替代地,套管针3、60、80、100可被设计为一次性使用。在这种情况下,电路50、70在以印刷电路形式提供时可以相对便宜并且不需要被保护免受再处理过程的影响。
可以提供简单的电池作为电源用于电路50、70、90、110,例如钮扣电池。或者,也可以使用未示出的外部电源。
Claims (17)
1.一种医疗系统,所述医疗系统包括医疗器械(2)和套管针(3,60),其中,
-所述套管针(3,60,80,100)用于提供进入患者体腔的人工通道,以及
-所述医疗器械(2)用于通过所述套管针(3,60,80,100)而被插入患者体腔中并在所述患者体腔中执行医疗功能,其特征在于,
-所述医疗系统包括控制器,所述控制器被配置用于确定所述医疗器械(2)是否被插入所述套管针(3,60,80,100)中,并且
-仅仅在所述医疗器械(2)被插入所述套管针(3,60,80,100)中的情况下才能使所述医疗器械(2)执行医疗功能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述医疗系统还包括用于提供介质和/或能量以执行医疗功能的介质源和/或能量源(20,30),并且所述控制器被配置用于仅在所述医疗器械(2)被插入所述套管针(3,60,80,100)中时才提供介质和/或能量。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述医疗器械(2)是内窥镜。
4.根据权利要求3所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述介质源(30)用于提供冲洗流体。
5.根据权利要求3所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述能量源包括光源(20)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述能量源包括激光源。
7.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述内窥镜(2)具有带有导电表面的轴(11),并且所述套管针(3)具有至少一个电触点(17,18),所述至少一个电触点(17,18)在被插入所述套管针(3)中时与所述内窥镜(2)的所述轴(11)接触。
8.根据权利要求7所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述套管针(3)具有两个电触点,在所述内窥镜(2)被插入所述套管针(3)中时,这两个电触点通过所述内窥镜(2)的所述轴(11)互连。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述至少一个电触点是所述套管针(3)的密封件(17,18)的一部分。
10.根据权利要求9所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述至少一个电触点由密封件(17,18)形成,所述密封件(17,18)由导电弹性聚合物制成。
11.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述内窥镜(2)包括由磁性材料制成的轴(11),并且所述套管针(60)包括至少一个线圈(65),所述线圈的电感在所述内窥镜(2)被插入所述套管针(60)中时被改变。
12.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述套管针(80)包括电容器(85),所述电容器的电容在所述内窥镜(2)被插入所述套管针(80)中时被改变。
13.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述套管针(100)包括触觉开关(105),所述触觉开关在所述内窥镜(2)被插入所述套管针(100)中时被作动。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述控制器包括集成在所述套管针(3,60,80,100)中的电路(50,70,90,110),所述电路确定所述医疗器械(2)是否被插入所述套管针(3,60,80,100)中。
15.根据权利要求14所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述控制器被配置成在所述医疗器械(2)被插入所述套管针(3,60,80,100)中时提供无线的或有线的使能信号。
16.一种用于医疗系统的介质源和/或能量源,所述医疗系统是根据权利要求15所述的医疗系统,其特征在于,所述介质源和/或能量源(20,30)被配置用于接收所述控制器的使能信号并且用于仅在存在所述使能信号时提供介质或能量。
17.一种用于医疗系统的套管针,所述医疗系统是根据权利要求7至15中任一项所述的医疗系统。
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US11925325B2 (en) | 2024-03-12 |
DE102020104574A1 (de) | 2021-08-26 |
US20210259530A1 (en) | 2021-08-26 |
JP2021133249A (ja) | 2021-09-13 |
EP3868317A1 (de) | 2021-08-25 |
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