CN113288246A - Posterior cranial cavity retractor capable of providing operation visual field - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a posterior cranial fossa retractor, in particular to a posterior cranial fossa retractor capable of providing an operation visual field. It at least comprises: the supporting mechanism comprises a telescopic rod, a supporting plate is arranged at the top of the telescopic rod, an adjusting frame is arranged at the top of the supporting plate in a sliding mode, a fixing plate is arranged at the end of the adjusting frame, the rear cranial pit retracting mechanism comprises a fixing frame, the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the fixing plate, a moving groove is formed in the outer surface of the fixing frame, two symmetrical conveying screw rods are rotatably arranged in the moving groove, an adjusting plate is in threaded connection with the outer wall of each conveying screw rod, a linkage rod is in threaded connection with the end part of each adjusting plate, and a plurality of retracting rods are arranged at the bottoms of the linkage rods at equal intervals.

Description

Posterior cranial cavity retractor capable of providing operation visual field

Technical Field

The invention relates to a posterior cranial fossa retractor, in particular to a posterior cranial fossa retractor capable of providing an operation visual field.

Background

The craniotomy is applied to the treatment of various craniocerebral diseases and injuries, the wound of the back cranium is required to be pulled open by means of a posterior cranial fovea retractor when craniotomy is carried out, thereby facilitating the treatment of the posterior skull, and ensuring very high accuracy when medical care personnel perform operations on the head of a patient, otherwise very serious consequences can be caused by carelessness, but because the operation site is too small, the medical staff needs to retract the soft tissue affecting the operation of the back skull of the patient at any time during the operation so as to perform the operation more quickly, however, the existing retractors are all held by hands, which not only easily causes the retractors to shake, in addition, the rear cranial cavity retractor is not firm in expansion and fixation, is easy to detach, brings inconvenience and trouble to the operation, increases tissue damage, and causes great injury to patients.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a posterior cranial notch retractor capable of providing an operation visual field, which solves the above problems of the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an posterior cranial retractor capable of providing an operation visual field, comprising at least:

the supporting mechanism comprises a telescopic rod, a supporting plate is arranged at the top of the telescopic rod, an adjusting frame is slidably arranged at the top of the supporting plate, a linkage gear is rotatably arranged at the center of the top of the supporting plate, a convex rod is arranged at the bottom of the linkage gear, the end part of the convex rod penetrates through the supporting plate and is fixedly connected with an adjusting turntable, a rack is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting frame, the rack is meshed with the outer wall of the linkage gear, and a fixing plate is arranged at the end part of the adjusting frame;

when the supporting mechanism is used specifically, the supporting plate is supported outside a sickbed by the telescopic rod, then the adjusting turntable is held to rotate, so that the convex rod drives the linkage gear to rotate at the top of the supporting plate, the rack is driven to move along the outer wall of the linkage gear in a meshed mode, the adjusting frame slides left and right at the top of the supporting plate, the fixing plate is driven to move left and right, and the subsequent retracting position can be adjusted conveniently.

Rear cranium concave retractor mechanism, rear cranium concave retractor mechanism includes the mount, mount fixed connection the fixed plate surface, the shifting chute has been seted up to the mount surface, the inside rotation of shifting chute is provided with the conveying lead screw of two symmetries, two the first bevel gear of the equal fixedly connected with of conveying lead screw tip, two the meshing is connected with second bevel gear between the first bevel gear outer wall, second bevel gear top fixedly connected with connecting rod, the connecting rod tip rotates and stretches out the inside fixedly connected with conveying carousel of shifting chute, conveying lead screw outer wall threaded connection has the regulating plate, regulating plate tip threaded connection has the gangbar, the equidistant a plurality of distraction rods that are provided with in gangbar bottom.

When the posterior cranial cavity retracting mechanism is used specifically, the end part of the linkage rod is in threaded fit connection with the end part of the adjusting plate, then the conveying turntable is held to rotate, the connecting rod drives the second bevel gear to rotate, so that the two first bevel gears are meshed to rotate, the two conveying screw rods are driven to simultaneously rotate in the moving groove, the surface of the adjusting plate slides along the threads on the outer wall of the conveying screw rods, the two symmetrical adjusting plates are gathered inwards or spread outwards, two groups of symmetrical retracting rods are driven by the linkage rod to retract a posterior cranial wound which can be gathered inwards or spread outwards, the operation visual field is conveniently adjusted at any time, and medical staff can observe the wound from the space between the two symmetrical linkage rods.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the telescopic rod comprises a supporting leg, an attaching plate is arranged at the bottom of the supporting leg, an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the supporting leg close to the bottom, a thread sleeve is connected to the external thread in a thread fit mode, and an extrusion plate is arranged at the bottom of the thread sleeve in a rotating mode.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the attaching plate is matched with the extrusion plate in size, a plurality of anti-skid protrusions are arranged on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve at equal intervals, and the anti-skid protrusions are made of elastic rubber.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the supporting leg is internally provided with a movable rod in a sliding mode, the upper end of the movable rod stretches out in a sliding mode, the supporting leg is internally located at the edge of the bottom of the supporting plate, an inner cavity of the supporting leg is provided with an electric push rod, a push plate is fixedly connected with the end part of a piston rod of the electric push rod, the top of the push plate is provided with a buffer spring, a connecting plate is fixedly connected with the end part of the buffer spring, and the top of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the end part of the movable rod.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a rotating fork is arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate close to the end part, a rotating block is fixedly connected to the end part of the movable rod, and the rotating block rotates inside the rotating fork.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the edge of the bottom of the adjusting frame is provided with two symmetrical limiting blocks, the surface of each limiting block is provided with a rotating groove, the inside of each rotating groove is rotatably provided with a roller, and the rollers are in a cylindrical shape.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the top of the supporting plate is close to the edge and is provided with two symmetrical limiting grooves, the limiting blocks are arranged in the limiting grooves in a sliding mode, and the outer wall of the roller is tightly attached to the inner wall of the limiting groove.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the bottom of the linkage rod at equal intervals, a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in two side walls of the linkage rod, and the insides of the two symmetrical clamping grooves are communicated with the inside of one of the mounting grooves.

As a further improvement of this technical scheme, stretch-release lever top fixedly connected with installation piece, the installation piece with the inside looks adaptation of mounting groove, the installation piece be used for with the mounting groove between the joint cooperation, stretch-release lever keeps away from the tip of installation piece is provided with the silica gel head, the silica gel head adopts the elastic silica gel material.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, two side walls of the installation block are provided with grooves, the grooves are internally provided with clamping blocks in a sliding manner, the end parts of the clamping blocks are fixedly connected with limiting springs between the end parts of inner cavities of the grooves, and the clamping blocks are matched with the clamping grooves.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. in this can provide back cranium concave retractor in operation field of vision, through setting up back cranium concave retractor mechanism, will lead open the pole and insert patient's back cranium wound, lead open the pole and pass through the gangbar along with the regulating plate horizontal slip, make the back cranium wound of leading open the pole that can inwards gather together or outdiffusion of leading open of two sets of symmetries, the practicality is stronger, medical personnel can follow the observation wound between the gangbar of two symmetries, make the field of vision of observation wider, conveniently adjust the operation field of vision at any time, the practicality is stronger.

2. In the posterior cranial cavity retractor capable of providing the operation visual field, the linked gears are arranged to rotate to drive the racks to move in a meshing manner, so that the adjusting frame slides leftwards and rightwards at the top of the supporting plate, the retracted position can be adjusted conveniently according to the position of the posterior craniotomy, and the practicability is higher.

3. In this can provide back cranium concave retractor in operation field of vision, through setting up the cooperation of attaching plate and stripper plate, the stripper plate moves down and extrudees the top at sick bed edge, makes the sick bed edge extrusion fix between attaching plate and stripper plate to the centre gripping that makes the supporting leg can be stable is fixed at the sick bed edge, and liberation both hands are favorable to improving the stability that the operation was opened cranium and is led out.

4. In the posterior cranial fossa retractor capable of providing the operation visual field, the piston rod of the electric push rod is arranged to drive the push plate to move up and down, so that the movable rod moves up and down, the height of the telescopic rod is conveniently adjusted, the distance from the posterior cranial fossa retractor mechanism to a wound can be adjusted according to the position of the posterior cranial fossa retractor, and the retraction accuracy is favorably improved.

5. In this can provide back cranium concave retractor in operation field of vision, through setting up the installation piece joint inside the mounting groove, conveniently install the distraction rod at any time, when dismantling, only need press the fixture block, make the fixture block roll-off draw-in groove stretch into the fluting inside, pull out the installation piece downwards, conveniently take off the distraction rod, the follow-up maintenance of being convenient for is changed, is favorable to saving the cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a second drawing showing the overall structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a support mechanism according to embodiment 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the posterior cranial notch retraction mechanism of embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure at A in example 1;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the telescopic rod of embodiment 1;

FIG. 7 is a cutting view of the telescoping pole structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the fixing frame according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the structure of the adjusting plate of embodiment 1;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the linkage rod of embodiment 1;

fig. 11 is an exploded view of the structure of the retracting lever according to example 1.

The various reference numbers in the figures mean:

100. a support mechanism; 110. a telescopic rod; 111. supporting legs; 1110. an external thread; 1111. an electric push rod; 1112. pushing the plate; 1113. a connecting plate; 1114. a buffer spring; 112. a movable rod; 113. rotating the block; 114. attaching a plate; 115. a threaded sleeve; 1150. anti-skid projections; 116. a pressing plate; 120. a support plate; 121. a rotating fork; 122. a linkage gear; 123. a nose bar; 1230. adjusting the turntable; 124. a limiting groove; 130. an adjusting bracket; 131. a rack; 132. a fixing plate; 133. a limiting block; 1331. rotating the groove; 1332. a roller;

200. a posterior cranial fovea retractor mechanism; 210. a fixed mount; 211. a moving groove; 212. a conveying screw rod; 2121. a first bevel gear; 2122. a second bevel gear; 2123. a connecting rod; 2124. a transfer carousel; 220. an adjusting plate; 230. a linkage rod; 231. mounting grooves; 232. a card slot; 240. a retraction lever; 241. mounting blocks; 242. grooving; 243. a clamping block; 244. a limiting spring; 245. and a silica gel head.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-11, the present embodiment provides a posterior cranial retractor for providing an operation field, comprising:

the supporting mechanism 100 comprises a telescopic rod 110, a supporting plate 120 is arranged at the top of the telescopic rod 110, an adjusting frame 130 is arranged at the top of the supporting plate 120 in a sliding manner, a linkage gear 122 is rotatably arranged at the center of the top of the supporting plate 120, a convex rod 123 is arranged at the bottom of the linkage gear 122, the end part of the convex rod 123 penetrates through the supporting plate 120 and is fixedly connected with an adjusting turntable 1230, the adjusting turntable 1230 is held to rotate, so that the convex rod 123 drives the linkage gear 122 to rotate at the top of the supporting plate 120, a rack 131 is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting frame 130, the rack 131 is meshed and connected with the outer wall of the linkage gear 122, and when the linkage gear 122 rotates, the rack 131 is driven to move in a meshing manner, so that the adjusting frame 130 slides left and right at the top of the supporting plate 120, the operation is convenient, the retracting position can be adjusted according to the position of a posterior craniotomy, the practicability is higher, and a fixing plate 132 is arranged at the end part of the adjusting frame 130;

when the supporting mechanism 100 of the invention is used specifically, the supporting plate 120 is supported outside a hospital bed by the telescopic rod 110, and then the adjusting turntable 1230 is held to rotate, so that the convex rod 123 drives the linkage gear 122 to rotate on the top of the supporting plate 120, and drives the rack 131 to move along the outer wall of the linkage gear 122 in a meshing manner, so that the adjusting frame 130 slides left and right on the top of the supporting plate 120, and drives the fixing plate 132 to move left and right, thereby facilitating the subsequent adjustment of the retracting position.

The posterior cranial fossa retracting mechanism 200 comprises a fixing frame 210, the fixing frame 210 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of a fixing plate 132, the outer surface of the fixing frame 210 is provided with a moving groove 211, two symmetrical conveying screw rods 212 are rotatably arranged in the moving groove 211, the end parts of the two conveying screw rods 212 are fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 2121, a second bevel gear 2122 is meshed and connected between the outer walls of the two first bevel gears 2121, the top part of the second bevel gear 2122 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 2123, the end part of the connecting rod 2123 rotatably extends out of the moving groove 211 and is fixedly connected with a conveying turntable 2124, the conveying turntable 2124 is held to rotate, the connecting rod 2123 drives the second bevel gear 2122 to rotate, so that the two first bevel gears 2121 are meshed and rotated to drive the two conveying screw rods 212 to simultaneously rotate in the moving groove 211, the operation is convenient, and the conveying screw rods 212 can rotate more easily and conveniently, the outer wall of the conveying screw rod 212 is in threaded connection with an adjusting plate 220, when the conveying screw rod 212 rotates, the surface of the adjusting plate 220 can slide along the threads on the outer wall of the conveying screw rod 212, so that two symmetrical adjusting plates 220 are gathered inwards or spread outwards, the end part of each adjusting plate 220 is in threaded connection with a linkage rod 230, the end part of each linkage rod 230 is in threaded fit with the end part of each adjusting plate 220, the linkage rods 230 are screwed to conveniently connect the end parts of the linkage rods 230 with the end parts of the adjusting plates 220 in a threaded manner, the linkage rods 230 can be screwed down to facilitate subsequent maintenance and replacement, a plurality of retraction rods 240 are arranged at equal intervals at the bottoms of the linkage rods 230, the retraction rods 240 are inserted into the rear skull wounds of patients, the retraction rods 240 slide left and right along with the adjusting plates 220 through the linkage rods 230, so that two groups of symmetrical retraction rods 240 can gather inwards or spread outwards, the practicability is higher, medical personnel can observe wounds from between the two symmetrical linkage rods 230, the visual field of observation is wider, the operation visual field is convenient to adjust at any time, and the practicability is stronger.

When the posterior cranial fossa retracting mechanism 200 is used specifically, the ends of the linkage rods 230 are in threaded fit connection with the ends of the adjusting plates 220, then the conveying turntable 2124 is held to rotate, the connecting rod 2123 drives the second bevel gear 2122 to rotate, so that the two first bevel gears 2121 are meshed to rotate, the two conveying screw rods 212 are driven to simultaneously rotate in the moving groove 211, the surface of the adjusting plate 220 slides along the threads on the outer wall of the conveying screw rods 212, the two symmetrical adjusting plates 220 are gathered inwards or spread outwards, the linkage rods 230 drive the two groups of symmetrical retracting rods 240 to retract a posterior cranial wound which can be gathered inwards or spread outwards, the operation visual field can be conveniently adjusted at any time, and medical staff can observe the wound from between the two symmetrical linkage rods 230.

In this embodiment, in order to make the centre gripping that supporting leg 111 can be stable fix in sick bed edge, liberate both hands, as shown in fig. 6-8, telescopic link 110 includes supporting leg 111, supporting leg 111 bottom is provided with attaching plate 114, the outer wall that supporting leg 111 is close to the bottom is provided with external screw thread 1110, external screw thread 1110 outer wall screw-thread fit is connected with thread bush 115, thread bush 115 bottom is rotated and is provided with stripper plate 116, hug closely sick bed edge bottom with attaching plate 114, then hold thread bush 115, the inside slip along external screw thread 1110 of thread bush 115, drive stripper plate 116 downstream extrusion sick bed edge's top, make the sick bed edge extrusion fix between attaching plate 114 and stripper plate 116, thereby make the centre gripping that supporting leg 111 can be stable fix at the sick bed edge of retracting, be favorable to improving the stability of operation craniotomy.

Specifically, in order to avoid skidding when holding the thread bush 115 and rotating, increase the frictional resistance with the hand, laminating board 114 and 116 size of a dimension looks adaptation of stripper plate, a plurality of non-slip raised 1150 have been seted up to the equidistant of thread bush 115 outer wall, non-slip raised 1150 adopts the elastic rubber material, the elastic rubber material is through drawing the rubber tree, the latex of plants such as rubber grass, the material that possesses elasticity, insulating nature, impervious and air that forms through the preparation after the production and processing, wear-resisting corrosion resistance can be big, can be when holding the thread bush 115 and rotate, non-slip raised 1150 increase with the frictional resistance of hand, avoid skidding, make to rotate more relaxed.

It should be noted that, in order to adjust the distance from the posterior cranial fossa retracting mechanism 200 to the wound according to the retracting position of the posterior cranial fossa, and improve the accuracy of retracting, the movable rod 112 is slidably arranged inside the supporting leg 111, the upper end of the movable rod 112 slidably extends out of the inside of the supporting leg 111 and is positioned at the bottom edge of the supporting plate 120, the electric push rod 1111 is arranged in the inner cavity of the supporting leg 111, the electric push rod 1111 adopts a hydraulic electric push rod, the piston rod of the electric push rod 1111 can slide up and down, the end of the piston rod of the electric push rod 1111 is fixedly connected with the push plate 1112, the top of the push plate 1112 is provided with the buffer spring 1114, the end of the buffer spring 1114 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 1113, the top of the connecting plate 1113 is fixedly connected with the end of the movable rod 112, the electric push rod 1111 is powered on to work, the piston rod of the electric push rod 1111 drives the push plate 1112 to move up and down, thereby the connecting plate 1113 drives the movable rod 112 to move up and down, and conveniently adjust the height of the telescopic rod 110, thereby can adjust the distance of back cranium concave retracting mechanism 200 to the wound according to the position that the back cranium concave retracted, the practicality is stronger, through setting up buffer spring 1114, can make buffer spring 1114 compress when the movable rod 112 moves from top to bottom, and the vibration of jolting of buffer spring 1114 elasticity effect lower buffer removal in-process is favorable to making the movable rod 112 move from top to bottom more mildly.

Specifically, in order to fold when not using, save occupation space, the bottom that the backup pad 120 is close to the tip is provided with rotates fork 121, movable rod 112 tip fixedly connected with commentaries on classics piece 113, commentaries on classics piece 113 rotates and is changeing inside fork 121 to can rotate backup pad 120, make to rotate fork 121 and rotate at commentaries on classics piece 113 outer wall, make backup pad 120 rotate to perpendicular with the horizontal plane from the horizontality, can fold when not using, save occupation space.

More recently, in order to reduce the frictional resistance between the outer wall of the limiting block 133 and the inner wall of the limiting groove 124 and reduce the wear, as shown in fig. 9, two symmetrical limiting blocks 133 are disposed at the bottom edge of the adjusting bracket 130, a rotating groove 1331 is disposed on the surface of the limiting block 133, a roller 1332 is rotatably disposed inside the rotating groove 1331, the roller 1332 is in a cylindrical shape, the roller 1332 can freely rotate inside the rotating groove 1331, two symmetrical limiting grooves 124 are disposed at the top of the supporting plate 120 near the edge, the limiting block 133 is slidably disposed inside the limiting groove 124, the outer wall of the roller 1332 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the limiting groove 124, when the adjusting bracket 130 slides on the top of the supporting plate 120, the limiting block 133 slides inside the limiting groove 124 to drive the roller 1332 to rotate inside the rotating groove 1331, so that the outer wall of the roller 1332 rolls along the inner wall of the limiting groove 124, and the frictional resistance between the outer wall of the limiting block 133 and the inner wall of the limiting groove 124 can be reduced, thereby avoiding serious long-time sliding abrasion and being beneficial to prolonging the service life.

In addition, in order to facilitate the linkage rod 230 and the retraction rod 240 to be connected and fixed, as shown in fig. 10-11, a plurality of mounting grooves 231 are formed at the bottom of the linkage rod 230 at equal intervals, a plurality of clamping grooves 232 are formed on both side walls of the linkage rod 230, and the insides of the two symmetrical clamping grooves 232 are communicated with the inside of one of the mounting grooves 231.

Wherein, in order to avoid the tip of the retraction rod 240 to puncture the wound inner wall, the top fixedly connected with of the retraction rod 240 installs the piece 241, install piece 241 and the inside looks adaptation of mounting groove 231, install piece 241 be used for with between the mounting groove 231 joint cooperation, the tip that the retraction rod 240 keeps away from the installation piece 241 is provided with the silica gel head 245, the silica gel head 245 adopts the elastic silica gel material, the elastic silica gel material is polymerized under acid or alkaline catalyst effect by dimethyl siloxane monomer and other organic silicon monomers and forms, can be when the retraction rod 240 contacts the wound of the patient, make the silica gel head 245 contact the wound inner wall of the patient, under the effect of the elastic force of the silica gel head 245, avoid making the retraction rod 240 puncture the wound inner wall, be favorable to protecting the safety of the patient.

Specifically, in order to facilitate the detachment and installation of the retracting lever 240, cost is saved, two side walls of the installation block 241 are provided with slots 242, a clamping block 243 is slidably arranged in the slot 242, a limiting spring 244 is fixedly connected between the end of the clamping block 243 and the end of the inner cavity of the slot 242, the clamping block 243 is matched with the clamping groove 232, the clamping block 243 is pressed to enable the clamping block 243 to extend into the slot 242, the limiting spring 244 is compressed, then the installation block 241 is inserted into the installation groove 231, the end of the clamping block 243 is aligned with the clamping groove 232, under the elastic force of the limiting spring 244 returning to the original state, the clamping block 243 is driven to slide out of the interior of the slot 242 and be inserted into the interior of the clamping groove 232, so that the installation block 241 is clamped in the installation groove 231, the retracting lever 240 is conveniently installed at any time, when the retracting lever is detached, only the clamping block 243 needs to be pressed to enable the clamping block 243 to slide out of the clamping groove 232 and extend into the interior of the slot 242, the installation block 241 is pulled out downwards, and the retracting lever 240 is conveniently, the subsequent maintenance and replacement are convenient, and the cost is saved.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. An posterior cranial retractor for providing an operative field of view, comprising at least:

the supporting mechanism (100) comprises a telescopic rod (110), a supporting plate (120) is arranged at the top of the telescopic rod (110), an adjusting frame (130) is arranged at the top of the supporting plate (120) in a sliding mode, a linkage gear (122) is arranged at the center of the top of the supporting plate (120) in a rotating mode, a convex rod (123) is arranged at the bottom of the linkage gear (122), the end portion of the convex rod (123) penetrates through the supporting plate (120) and is fixedly connected with an adjusting turntable (1230), a rack (131) is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting frame (130), the rack (131) is meshed with the outer wall of the linkage gear (122) and connected with the end portion of the adjusting frame (130), and a fixing plate (132) is arranged at the end portion of the adjusting frame (130);

the rear cranial fossa retracting mechanism (200) comprises a fixing frame (210), the fixing frame (210) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the fixing plate (132), a moving groove (211) is formed in the outer surface of the fixing frame (210), two symmetrical conveying screw rods (212) are rotatably arranged in the moving groove (211), the end parts of the two conveying screw rods (212) are fixedly connected with a first bevel gear (2121), a second bevel gear (2122) is connected between the outer walls of the two first bevel gears (2121) in a meshing manner, the top part of the second bevel gear (2122) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (2123), the end part of the connecting rod (2123) rotatably extends out of the inner part of the moving groove (211) and is fixedly connected with a conveying turntable (2124), the outer wall of the conveying screw rod (212) is in threaded connection with an adjusting plate (220), and the end part of the adjusting plate (220) is in, a plurality of pulling-off rods (240) are arranged at the bottom of the linkage rod (230) at equal intervals.

2. The posterior cranial retractor according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic rod (110) comprises a supporting leg (111), wherein a laminating plate (114) is arranged at the bottom of the supporting leg (111), an external thread (1110) is arranged on the outer wall of the supporting leg (111) close to the bottom, a threaded sleeve (115) is connected to the external thread (1110) in a threaded matching mode, and an extrusion plate (116) is arranged at the bottom of the threaded sleeve (115) in a rotating mode.

3. An posterior cranial retractor according to claim 2, providing an operative field of view, wherein: the attaching plate (114) is matched with the size of the extrusion plate (116), a plurality of anti-skid protrusions (1150) are arranged on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (115) at equal intervals, and the anti-skid protrusions (1150) are made of elastic rubber.

4. An posterior cranial retractor according to claim 3, providing an operative field of view, wherein: the inside slip of supporting leg (111) is provided with movable rod (112), slide rod (112) upper end is stretched out the inside being located of supporting leg (111) backup pad (120) bottom edge, supporting leg (111) inner chamber is provided with electric putter (1111), electric putter (1111) piston rod tip fixedly connected with push pedal (1112), push pedal (1112) top is provided with buffer spring (1114), buffer spring (1114) tip fixedly connected with connecting plate (1113), connecting plate (1113) top fixed connection movable rod (112) tip.

5. An posterior cranial retractor according to claim 4, providing an operative field of view, wherein: the bottom of the supporting plate (120) close to the end is provided with a rotating fork (121), the end of the movable rod (112) is fixedly connected with a rotating block (113), and the rotating block (113) rotates inside the rotating fork (121).

6. The posterior cranial retractor according to claim 1, wherein: the edge of the bottom of the adjusting frame (130) is provided with two symmetrical limiting blocks (133), the surfaces of the limiting blocks (133) are provided with rotating grooves (1331), rollers (1332) are rotatably arranged in the rotating grooves (1331), and the rollers (1332) are cylindrical.

7. An posterior cranial retractor according to claim 6, which provides an operative field of view, wherein: two symmetrical limiting grooves (124) are formed in the top of the supporting plate (120) close to the edge, the limiting blocks (133) are arranged in the limiting grooves (124) in a sliding mode, and the outer wall of the roller (1332) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the limiting grooves (124).

8. The posterior cranial retractor according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of mounting grooves (231) are formed in the bottom of the linkage rod (230) at equal intervals, a plurality of clamping grooves (232) are formed in two side walls of the linkage rod (230), and the insides of the two symmetrical clamping grooves (232) are communicated with the insides of one of the mounting grooves (231).

9. An posterior cranial retractor according to claim 8, providing an operative field of view, wherein: stretch-release rod (240) top fixedly connected with installation piece (241), installation piece (241) with the inside looks adaptation of mounting groove (231), installation piece (241) be used for with mounting groove (231) between the joint cooperation, stretch-release rod (240) are kept away from the tip of installation piece (241) is provided with silica gel head (245), silica gel head (245) adopt the elasticity silica gel material.

10. An posterior cranial retractor according to claim 9, providing an operative field of view, wherein: the mounting block (241) is provided with two side walls with open grooves (242), a clamping block (243) is arranged in the open groove (242) in a sliding mode, a limiting spring (244) is fixedly connected between the end portion of the clamping block (243) and the end portion of the inner cavity of the open groove (242), and the clamping block (243) is matched with the clamping groove (232).

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