CN113285712A - Multi-section VCO frequency calibration method applied to phase-locked loop - Google Patents
Multi-section VCO frequency calibration method applied to phase-locked loop Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency calibration method of a multi-section VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) applied to a phase-locked loop, which comprises the following steps of: s1, starting calibration; s2, after the start, the controller of the control unit judges whether the phase-locked loop is locked; if not, return to step S1; if locked and the number of calibrations k at that time>1, go to step S3; if locked and k is 1 at this time, go to step S4; s3, recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n(ii) a S4, subtracting 1 from the count k of the calibration times, and assigning k, covering a value of k, i.e. k is k-1, etc.; the invention can ensure that the frequency segmentation of the multi-section VCO in different batches can completely cover the broadband frequency range in the full-temperature (high temperature, low temperature and normal temperature) state, and improve the frequency calibration precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radio frequency microwave, in particular to a frequency calibration method of a multi-section VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) applied to a phase-locked loop.
Background
The phase-locked loop circuit is a closed loop system, and the most critical three devices of the system are: phase detector, loop filter, VCO. The VCO is an important component of the circuit, and in recent years, a multi-segment VCO has begun to be applied to a phase locked loop, as shown in fig. 1.
The frequency multi-segment VCO has lower phase noise than a conventional wideband VCO. The biggest characteristic of the frequency multi-segment VCO is to divide the frequency into several segments, so it is the key point of circuit design to select a suitable frequency segment combination to completely cover all frequency segments. However, there is an unavoidable disadvantage that due to limitations of materials and processes, frequency division conditions of different batches of products may vary, and therefore, frequency calibration needs to be performed for different frequency bands.
The schematic block diagram of the conventional phase-locked loop frequency calibration circuit based on the multi-segment VCO is shown in fig. 2. The basic unit essential for realizing the frequency calibration function of the circuit comprises: control unit, phase discriminator, loop filter, multistage formula VCO. Based on the circuit of fig. 2, the existing frequency calibration method can perform frequency calibration on a multi-segment VCO or a conventional wideband VCO.
For a multi-stage VCO, if the manufacturing error does not exceed the difference between the nominal highest frequency and the nominal lowest frequency of the product manual for a certain frequency band, there are 4 cases of the relative positions of the actual highest frequency and the actual lowest frequency of the frequency band and the nominal highest frequency and the nominal lowest frequency of the frequency band in the product manual, as shown in fig. 3. In fig. 3, the actual lowest frequency and the actual highest frequency of a certain frequency band of the multi-segment VCO are represented by SD and SG, respectively, and the nominal lowest frequency and the nominal highest frequency of a certain frequency band of the multi-segment VCO are represented by BD and BG, respectively.
In scenario A of FIG. 3, the actual lowest frequency and the actual highest frequency of the multi-segment VCO are contained between the nominal lowest frequency and the nominal highest frequency, i.e.
In such a scenario, the existing calibration method is adopted, and a proper scale factor is selected, so that more accurate frequency can be realizedRate calibration, for this scenario, the smaller the scale factor selection, the more accurate the frequency value calibrated.
In scenario B of fig. 3, there is an intersection between the actual lowest frequency and the actual highest frequency of the multi-segment VCO and the nominal lowest frequency and the nominal highest frequency, i.e., [ SD, SG ] "BD, BG ]" SD, BG ]. In this scenario, no matter how the scale factor is selected, there is a systematic error in the calibration accuracy, which cannot be reduced by reducing the scale factor, and the range of the systematic error is [ BG, SG ].
In scenario C of fig. 3, there is an intersection between the actual lowest frequency and the actual highest frequency of the multi-segment VCO and the nominal lowest frequency and the nominal highest frequency, i.e., [ SD, SG ] "BD, BG ]" BD, SG ]. In this scenario, no matter how the scale factor is selected, there is a systematic error in the calibration accuracy, which cannot be reduced by reducing the scale factor, and the range of the systematic error is [ SD, BD ].
In scenario D of FIG. 3, the nominal lowest frequency and the nominal highest frequency of the multi-segment VCO are contained between the actual lowest frequency and the actual highest frequency, i.e.
In this scenario, no matter how the scale factor is selected, there is a systematic error in the calibration accuracy, which cannot be reduced by reducing the scale factor, and the range of the systematic error is [ SD, BD]∪[BG,SG]。
Therefore, the conventional phase-locked loop frequency calibration method of the multi-segment VCO has system errors in calibration in certain application scenes, and the main purpose of the invention is to eliminate the system errors and optimize the process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a frequency calibration method of a multi-section VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) applied to a phase-locked loop, which can ensure that the frequency ranges of the multi-section VCOs in different batches and the multi-section VCO in the same batch can completely cover the broadband frequency range in a full-temperature (high-temperature, low-temperature and normal-temperature) state, and improve the frequency calibration precision and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a frequency calibration method of a multi-segment VCO applied to a phase-locked loop comprises the following steps:
s1, starting calibration;
s2, after the start, the controller of the control unit judges whether the phase-locked loop is locked; if not, return to step S1; if locked and the number of times k of calibration at this time >1, go to step S3; if locked and k is 1 at this time, go to step S4;
s3, recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n；
S4, counting the number of times k of calibration, subtracting 1, and assigning k, covering a value of k, i.e. k is k-1;
s5, the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase discriminator, and the output frequency of the phase discriminator is calculated as follows;
Fmax_nk＝fmax_n-(fmax_n-fmin_n)×a×k
Fmax_nkfor the intermediate frequency value of the calibration process, fmax_nIs the nominal highest frequency, f, of the product manual for a multi-stage VCO frequency band nmin_nIs the lowest frequency of the product manual nominal of the multi-section VCO frequency band n, a is a scale factor, and a belongs to [0,1 ]]K is the number of calibration times;
s6, the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit;
s7, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if so, returning to step S4, and then executing step S4, step S5, step S6, step S7 in sequence; if not, go to step S8;
s8, recording the locked frequency value of the last time from unlocking in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n；
S9, frequency calibration;
s10, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if not, return to step S9; if locked and the number of times of calibration m >1 at this time, go to step S11; if locked and the number of times of calibration m at this time is 1, go to step S12;
s11, recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n；
S12, subtracting 1 from the count m of the calibration times, and assigning m to be covered with a value m, i.e. m-1;
s13, the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase discriminator, and the output frequency of the phase discriminator is calculated according to a formula 2;
Fmin_nm＝fmin_n+(fmax_n-fmin_n)×b×m
Fmin_nmis the intermediate frequency value of the calibration process;
s14, the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit;
s15, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if so, returning to step S12, and then executing step S12, step S13, step S14, step S15 in sequence; if not, proceed to process step S16;
s16, recording the locked frequency value of the last time from unlocking in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n；
S17, the controller of the control unit judges whether all frequency bands of the multi-segment VCO are completely calibrated; if not, returning to the step S1, and executing the steps S1-S17 in sequence; if all calibrations have been completed, the calibration process ends.
Further, in step S8, the nearest time to unlock is k ═ k +1 times.
Further, in step S16, the closest time to unlock is the m-th time m + 1.
Further, in steps S6 and S14, the phase detector includes, but is not limited to, HMC 704.
Further, the control unit includes a controller and a memory; the controller and the memory are implemented by functionally independent devices, the controller including but not limited to XC4VLX25, and the memory including but not limited to XCF32PFS 48C.
Further, the multi-segment VCO includes, but is not limited to, SIV019SP 4.
Further, in step S3, the judgment option "yes" is divided into two cases according to the value of the variable k: "is (k is 1)" and "is (k > 1)", and when k is 1, the highest frequency F of a certain band n of the conventional multi-segment VCO will be describedmax_nIf there is an error in the calibration, the process goes to the frequency calibration method composed of step 4, step 5, step 6, step 7, and step 8 in this embodiment, which can increase the highest frequency F of a certain frequency band n of the multi-segment VCOmax_nTo the accuracy of (2).
Further, in step S10, the judgment option "yes" is divided into two cases according to the value of the variable m: "is (m is 1)" and "is (m > 1)", and when m is 1, the lowest frequency F of a certain band n of the conventional multi-segment VCO will be describedmin_nIf there is an error in the calibration, the procedure goes to the frequency calibration method formed by step 11, step 12, step 13, step 14 and step 15, which can increase the lowest frequency F of a certain frequency band n of the multi-segment VCOmin_nTo the accuracy of (2).
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
the invention can ensure that the frequency segmentation of the multi-section VCO in the same batch can completely cover the broadband frequency range under the full-temperature (high temperature, low temperature and normal temperature) state of the multi-section VCO in different batches, and improves the frequency calibration precision under the condition of the prior art. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1. aiming at the sectional frequency offset of the multi-section VCO caused by the factors such as materials, processes and the like, the calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention can solve the problem that the frequency band combination selected by the A batch can completely cover the A batch, but cannot completely cover the B batch of products.
2. Aiming at the segmented frequency offset of the multi-segment VCO caused by factors such as materials and processes, the calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention can solve the problem that the frequency band division conditions of the products in the same batch can drift at high temperature, low temperature and normal temperature.
3. The frequency calibration method of the multi-section VCO provided by the embodiment of the invention is beneficial to wide application of the multi-section VCO in engineering application.
4. The multi-section VCO frequency calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention is beneficial to improving the accuracy of multi-section VCO frequency calibration and reducing the system error of frequency calibration under certain conditions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a typical single loop phase locked loop;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a PLL frequency calibration circuit based on a multi-stage VCO; in fig. 2, solid arrows indicate signal flows;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of different application scenarios of the actual frequency and the nominal frequency of the multi-segment VCO, showing 4 cases of the relative position relationship between the actual highest frequency and the actual lowest frequency of a certain frequency band of the multi-segment VCO and the nominal highest frequency and the nominal lowest frequency of the frequency band in the product manual; in fig. 3, □ represents the actual lowest frequency (abbreviated as "real low") of a certain frequency band of the multi-segment VCO, o represents the nominal lowest frequency (abbreviated as "nominal low") of a certain frequency band of the multi-segment VCO, ■ represents the actual highest frequency (abbreviated as "real high") of a certain frequency band of the multi-segment VCO, and ● represents the nominal highest frequency (abbreviated as "elevation") of a certain frequency band of the multi-segment VCO;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for calibrating a frequency of a pll based on a multi-segment VCO according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of section 1 of a prior art method;
fig. 6 is a schematic step diagram of a conventional method flow section 2.
Detailed Description
All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Example 1
In the present embodiment, the following definitions are made:
fmin_nis the nominal lowest frequency of the product manual for the multi-segment VCO band n, which belongs to the initial lowest frequency that is not calibrated. Product manual nominal lowest frequency f, e.g. frequency band 3min_3。
fmax_nIs the nominal highest frequency of the product manual for the multi-segment VCO band n, which belongs to the initial highest frequency that is not calibrated.
Fmax_nIs the calibrated highest frequency of the frequency band n of the multi-segment VCO.
Fmin_nIs the lowest frequency after calibration of the frequency band n of the multi-segment VCO.
In fig. 3, 5, and 6, "n ═ n +1, k ═ k +1, m ═ m +1, k ═ k-1, and m ═ m-1" ═ in "represents an operation and is assigned, and this formula is not expressed and is determined as an equation.
Equation 1: fmax_nk＝fmax_n-(fmax_n-fmin_n)×a×k
Equation 2: fmin_nm＝fmin_n+(fmax_n-fmin_n)×b×m
Wherein, Fmax_nkAnd Fmin_nmIs the intermediate frequency value of the calibration process; k and m are calibration times and belong to intermediate variables in the calibration process; a and b are scale factors, a is in [0,1 ]]，b∈[0,1]The smaller a or b is, the closer the calibrated frequency value is to the actual value, but the calibration times k or m are increased at the moment, and the calibration time is prolonged; for example, for a certain multi-segment VCO, the value of a or b is selected to be 5% to 10% (not limited to this value), and both the calibration accuracy and the calibration time are considered. The values of a and b can be the same or different.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a method for calibrating a multi-segment VCO frequency applied to a phase-locked loop includes the steps of:
s1, starting calibration;
s2, after the start, the controller of the control unit judges whether the phase-locked loop is locked; if not, return to step S1; if locked and the number of times k of calibration at this time >1, go to step S3; if locked and k is 1 at this time, go to step S4;
s3, recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n；
S4, counting the number of times k of calibration, subtracting 1, and assigning k, covering a value of k, i.e. k is k-1;
s5, the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase discriminator, and the output frequency of the phase discriminator is calculated as follows;
Fmax_nk＝fmax_n-(fmax_n-fmin_n)×a×k
Fmax_nkfor the intermediate frequency value of the calibration process, fmax_nIs the nominal highest frequency, f, of the product manual for a multi-stage VCO frequency band nmin_nIs the lowest frequency of the product manual nominal of the multi-section VCO frequency band n, a is a scale factor, and a belongs to [0,1 ]]K is the number of calibration times;
s6, the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit;
s7, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if so, returning to step S4, and then executing step S4, step S5, step S6, step S7 in sequence; if not, go to step S8;
s8, recording the locked frequency value of the last time from unlocking in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n；
S9, frequency calibration;
s10, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if not, return to step S9; if locked and the number of times of calibration m >1 at this time, go to step S11; if locked and the number of times of calibration m at this time is 1, go to step S12;
s11, recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n；
S12, subtracting 1 from the count m of the calibration times, and assigning m to be covered with a value m, i.e. m-1;
s13, the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase discriminator, and the output frequency of the phase discriminator is calculated according to a formula 2;
Fmin_nm＝fmin_n+(fmax_n-fmin_n)×b×m
Fmin_nmis the intermediate frequency value of the calibration process;
s14, the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit;
s15, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if so, returning to step S12, and then executing step S12, step S13, step S14, step S15 in sequence; if not, proceed to process step S16;
s16, recording the locked frequency value of the last time from unlocking in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n；
S17, the controller of the control unit judges whether all frequency bands of the multi-segment VCO are completely calibrated; if not, returning to the step S1, and executing the steps S1-S17 in sequence; if all calibrations have been completed, the calibration process ends.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, in combination with the circuit shown in fig. 2, a method for calibrating the frequency of a phase-locked loop based on a multi-segment VCO is proposed above the existing method for calibrating the frequency, and a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 4.
With reference to fig. 2 and 4, the working process of this embodiment includes the following steps:
process 1: starting calibration; in this step, the start process may be performed as in the existing method flow; for example, the following processes 1.1 to 1.9 are included.
Procedure 1.1: the circuits are connected in the logical relationship of the circuits shown in fig. 2.
Procedure 1.2: the VCO segment selection control codes of different frequency bands (frequency band 1, frequency band 2,. frequency band N) of the multi-segment VCO, the lowest frequency and the highest frequency (the frequency is the initial frequency which is not calibrated) of each frequency band which is nominal in a product manual are written into a memory of a control unit. Product manual nominal lowest frequency f of a certain frequency band n of multi-section VCOmin_nMaximum frequency of fmax_n。
Procedure 1.3: and setting the calibration times n, wherein n is a natural number and the initial value n is 0.
Procedure 1.4: the number of calibrations n is counted plus 1 and assigned to n, covering the last value of n, i.e. n + 1.
Procedure 1.5: the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the multi-segment VCO to control the multi-segment VCO to work in the frequency band n.
Procedure 1.6: setting a variable k, wherein k is an integer and an initial value k is 0.
Procedure 1.7: the number of calibrations k is counted plus 1 and assigned to k, covering the last value of k, i.e. k equals k + 1.
Procedure 1.8: the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase detector, and the output frequency of the phase detector is calculated according to a formula 1.
Procedure 1.9: and the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit.
And (2) a process: after the start, the controller of the control unit judges whether the phase-locked loop is locked. If not, return to procedure 1; if locking and the calibration times k >1 at the moment, entering the process 3; if locked and k is 1 at this time, process 4 is entered.
And 3, process: recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, the frequency value being the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n。
And 4, process: the number of calibrations k is counted minus 1 and assigned to k, which is covered with the last value of k, i.e. k-1.
And (5) a process: the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase detector, and the output frequency of the phase detector is calculated according to a formula 1.
And 6, a process: and the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit.
And (7) a process: the controller of the control unit determines whether the phase locked loop is locked. If the locking is carried out, returning to the process 4, and then sequentially executing the process 4, the process 5, the process 6 and the process 7; if not, process 8 is entered.
And (8) a process: recording in the memory of the control unit the locked frequency value of the closest one (k-k +1) to the unlock, which is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n。
And a process 9: the method is executed according to the existing method flow, as shown in fig. 4,5 and 6, and for example, the following processes are included:
process 9.1: setting a variable m, wherein m is an integer and an initial value m is 0.
Process 9.2: the number of calibrations m is counted and incremented by 1 and assigned to m, covering the last value of m, i.e. m + 1.
Process 9.3: the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase detector, and the output frequency of the phase detector is calculated according to a formula 2.
Process 9.4: and the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit.
The process 10: the controller of the control unit determines whether the phase locked loop is locked. If not, return to procedure 9; if locked and when m >1, enter process 11; if locked and m is now 1, process 12 is entered.
The process 11: recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, the frequency value being the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n。
And (4) process 12: the number of calibrations m is counted minus 1 and assigned to m, covering the last value of m, i.e. m-1.
Process 13: the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase detector, and the output frequency of the phase detector is calculated according to a formula 2.
The process 14: and the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit.
The process 15: the controller of the control unit determines whether the phase locked loop is locked. If the locking is carried out, returning to the process 12, and then sequentially executing the process 12, the process 13, the process 14 and the process 15; if not, process 16 is entered.
And (3) process 16: recording in the memory of the control unit the locked frequency value of the closest time to unlock (m +1), which is the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n。
Process 17: the controller of the control unit judges whether all frequency bands of the multi-segment VCO are completely calibrated. And if not, returning to the process 1 and sequentially executing the process 1 to the process 17. If all calibrations have been completed, the calibration process ends.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, for different scenes shown in fig. 2, there is an inherent system error in the existing frequency calibration method used in scene B, scene C, and scene D, and in this example, a multi-segment VCO conforming to scene B is selected, and based on the multi-segment VCO frequency calibration method applied to the phase-locked loop described in the present invention, the circuit design is developed, and the method described in fig. 4 is used to calibrate the multi-segment VCO.
In this embodiment, three aspects of device type selection, operation process, and test result are mainly described.
The device is selected, the phase discriminator selects HMC704, the loop filter adopts a third-order passive loop filter (a capacitance resistor building circuit), the multi-section VCO adopts SIV019SP4, the shunt adopts a power divider EP2K, a controller and a memory of the control unit are realized by adopting devices with independent functions, the controller adopts XC4VLX25, and the memory adopts XCF32PFS 48C. The peripheral configuration circuit of the device can be built according to a device manual and a reference circuit provided by a manufacturer, and the details are not described herein.
The working process of the implementation example is described as follows, and the control of each device is performed by adopting a control method given by a device manual by default. The computer control program is written according to the inventive working procedure and is written into the memory XCF32PFS48C of the control unit. And starting calibration work, and after the computer control program is executed according to the invention process, storing the calibration results of the SIV019SP4 frequency bands 1-9 in the memory XCF32PFS48C of the control unit.
The test result shows that the frequency calibration is carried out on one SIV019SP4 product by using the method provided by the invention, the calibration result is shown in Table 1, and meanwhile, the frequency calibration is carried out on the same SIV019SP4 product by using the existing method, and the calibration result is compared with Table 1.
TABLE 1 phase-locked loop frequency calibration method based on multi-segment VCO
The calibration result of the frequency band 1 and the nominal result of a manual are analyzed, the frequency band 1 is taken as an example for a SIV019SP4 product by using the conventional method, the calibrated result is 7959 MHz-8628.5 MHz, and the frequency band 1 is calibrated by using the improved method provided by the invention is 7959 MHz-8783 MHz. From the results it can be seen that:
the range of systematic errors for scenario B in FIG. 2 is [ BG, SG ], which exists at the high end of the frequency; the frequency band 1 test result shows that the calibration results of the method provided by the invention and the existing method at the low end of the frequency are 7959MHz, and the test result is consistent with the theoretical analysis. The frequency is high, the calibration result of the improved method provided by the invention is 8783MHz, which is closer to the actual frequency than the calibration result of the existing method of 8628.5MHz, and the test result is consistent with the theoretical analysis. The accuracy improvement rate in table 1 is obtained by dividing the calibration difference of the two methods by the absolute bandwidth of a certain frequency band (the bandwidth calibrated by the existing method), and the accuracy improvement rate of the multi-stage VCO (model SIV019SP4) selected by the embodiment of the present invention is greater than 6.3%.
The verification of the above example shows that the phase-locked loop frequency calibration method using the multi-segment VCO can realize calibration of the multi-segment VCO, and compared with the prior art, the calibration accuracy is improved.
Other embodiments than the above examples may be devised by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure, or by adapting and using knowledge or techniques of the relevant art, and features of various embodiments may be interchanged or substituted and such modifications and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.
The functionality of the present invention, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, and all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention are executed in a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) and corresponding software. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, or an optical disk, exist in a read-only Memory (RAM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), and the like, for performing a test or actual data in a program implementation.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-segment VCO frequency calibration method applied to a phase-locked loop is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, starting calibration;
s2, after the start, the controller of the control unit judges whether the phase-locked loop is locked; if not, return to step S1; if locked and the number of times k of calibration at this time >1, go to step S3; if locked and k is 1 at this time, go to step S4;
s3, recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n；
S4, counting the number of times k of calibration, subtracting 1, and assigning k, covering a value of k, i.e. k is k-1;
s5, the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase discriminator, and the output frequency of the phase discriminator is calculated as follows;
Fmax_nk＝fmax_n-(fmax_n-fmin_n)×a×k
Fmax_nkfor the intermediate frequency value of the calibration process, fmax_nIs the nominal highest frequency, f, of the product manual for a multi-stage VCO frequency band nmin_nIs the lowest frequency of the product manual nominal of the multi-section VCO frequency band n, a is a scale factor, and a belongs to [0,1 ]]K is the number of calibration times;
s6, the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit;
s7, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if so, returning to step S4, and then executing step S4, step S5, step S6, step S7 in sequence; if not, go to step S8;
s8, recording the locked frequency value of the last time from unlocking in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the highest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmax_n；
S9, frequency calibration;
s10, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if not, return to step S9; if locked and the number of times of calibration m >1 at this time, go to step S11; if locked and the number of times of calibration m at this time is 1, go to step S12;
s11, recording the locked frequency value in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n；
S12, subtracting 1 from the count m of the calibration times, and assigning m to be covered with a value m, i.e. m-1;
s13, the controller of the control unit sends an instruction to the phase discriminator, and the output frequency of the phase discriminator is calculated according to a formula 2;
Fmin_nm＝fmin_n+(fmax_n-fmin_n)×b×m
Fmin_nmis the intermediate frequency value of the calibration process;
s14, the phase discriminator reports the state whether the phase-locked loop is locked to the control unit;
s15, judging whether the phase-locked loop is locked or not by the controller of the control unit; if so, returning to step S12, and then executing step S12, step S13, step S14, step S15 in sequence; if not, proceed to process step S16;
s16, recording the locked frequency value of the last time from unlocking in the memory of the control unit, wherein the frequency value is the lowest frequency F of the calibrated frequency band nmin_n；
S17, the controller of the control unit judges whether all frequency bands of the multi-segment VCO are completely calibrated; if not, returning to the step S1, and executing the steps S1-S17 in sequence; if all calibrations have been completed, the calibration process ends.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the judgment option "yes" is divided into two cases according to the value of the variable k: (1) "is, k is 1"; (2) "is, k > 1".
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S8, the time closest to the unlocked frequency is k +1 times.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S10, the judgment option "yes" is divided into two cases according to the value of the variable m: (1) "is, m ═ 1"; (2) "is, m > 1".
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S16, the time closest to the unlocked frequency is the mth (m +1) times.
6. The method of claim 1-5 wherein the multi-stage VCO comprises SIV019SP 4.
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