CN113279785A - Method and device for processing vault hollow hole and local loose part of secondary lining of tunnel - Google Patents
Method and device for processing vault hollow hole and local loose part of secondary lining of tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279785A CN113279785A CN202110770332.8A CN202110770332A CN113279785A CN 113279785 A CN113279785 A CN 113279785A CN 202110770332 A CN202110770332 A CN 202110770332A CN 113279785 A CN113279785 A CN 113279785A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001273 Polyhydroxy acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 admixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to a method and a device for treating a tunnel secondary lining vault hollow hole and a local loose part, wherein the device is characterized in that 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of a longitudinal grouting pipe, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, 2 vent holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at 45 degrees and 315 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of a longitudinal exhaust pipe, each vent hole is sealed at the outer side by the PE film, and the lengths of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are larger than that of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section. The vertical grouting pipes in the vertical pipes are communicated. The method is characterized in that the secondary lining concrete poured by the secondary lining is subjected to filling and grouting treatment by the longitudinal grouting pipe when the secondary lining concrete is finally set, so that the integrity of the secondary lining concrete and grouting treatment grout is improved, various concrete defects are repaired, the waterproof plate of the vault can be effectively prevented from being perforated and falling off, and the construction quality is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a method and a device for processing vault holes and local loose parts of a secondary lining of a tunnel.
Background
In the tunnel construction, before the second lining concrete of the tunnel is poured, geotextile and waterproof boards are laid on the lining arch surface layer, and then the second lining concrete is formed by grouting by using a grouting trolley with a mold. After the two lining concretes are formed, a cavity and a cement layer non-compact state can be formed between the cement layer on the outer side of the arch and the waterproof board, and particularly the cavity and the cement layer non-compact state on the outer side of the arch top are frequently used, so that the construction quality of the tunnel lining is influenced. Therefore, the formed cavity and the non-compact position of the cement layer need to be backfilled with cement slurry, the conventional treatment method is to drill holes at the two lining concrete positions at the lower ends of the vault cavity and the non-compact position to be communicated with the vault cavity and the non-compact position, and then to perform grouting inwards to seal the vault cavity and the non-compact structure, but the method not only wastes time and labor, has high investment cost and long construction period, and is not easy to construct, but also has the defects that the grouting effect is influenced by the gas pressure in the cavity when the waterproof board is punctured or grouting is frequently performed in the drilled holes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a method and a device for processing vault holes and local loose parts of a secondary tunnel lining, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Therefore, the device for treating the vault hollow space and the local loose part of the secondary lining of the tunnel comprises a waterproof plate, and further comprises a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe.
The vertical slip casting pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the vertical slip casting pipe, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, the vertical slip casting pipe is arranged at the position which is lower than the lower end of the vertical exhaust pipe by 2-3 cm and is parallel to the lower end and close to the waterproof board in the center of the vault, and the grout outlet holes are arranged downwards and at the two sides.
The vertical blast pipe is the PVC pipe of pipe diameter 25mm, 1.5mm of pipe wall thickness, and every interval 20cm bores at 45 °, 315 degrees positions and establishes 2 diameter 4mm exhaust holes on the pipe wall of vertical blast pipe, and every exhaust hole seals with the PE membrane in the outside, and vertical blast pipe is located arch crown central arc line high point position and hugs closely the position department of waterproof board lower extreme face, and the exhaust hole position upwards sets up.
The vertical pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one end of each vertical pipe is communicated with one section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports, or one end of each vertical pipe is respectively communicated with one section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the longitudinal grouting pipe are supported to abut against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of each vertical pipe extends to the lower portion of the inner side face of the secondary lining of the tunnel.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the vertical pipe is communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe and is positioned at one end of the longitudinal slope high point of the tunnel, or the two limit vertical pipes are respectively communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe and are positioned at one end of the longitudinal slope high point of the tunnel.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the lower end of the vertical pipe is provided with a grout stop valve. Or the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe is provided with a grout stop valve, and the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is provided with a grout stop valve or an exhaust valve.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the bearing pressure of the sealed PE film is smaller than the grouting pressure.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the longitudinal grouting pipe and the free suspension end head for longitudinal exhaust are plugging ends, and the free suspension end head is positioned on the corresponding outer side of the radial top of the secondary lining pouring section.
A method for processing vault holes and local loose parts of a tunnel secondary lining by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe: drilling 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe, sealing the outer side of each grout outlet hole by using a PE film, drilling 2 exhaust holes with the diameter of 4mm at 45 degrees and 315 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, sealing the outer side of each exhaust hole by using the PE film, wherein the lengths of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are more than that of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section;
(2) hanging geotextile and waterproof boards on the lining arch surface layer, and checking the hanging looseness of the laid geotextile and waterproof boards to be qualified;
(3) the setting of vertical slip casting pipe, vertical blast pipe and vertical pipe: arranging a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe before binding the two lining steel bars, wherein the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and is tightly attached to the lower end surface of the waterproof board, and the exhaust hole is arranged upwards;
the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the lower end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe which is 2-3 cm lower than the lower end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe and close to the waterproof board in the center of the vault, and the grout outlet holes are arranged downwards and at two sides;
the vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one end of each vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe by a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe; the vertical pipe supports the longitudinal grouting pipe or the longitudinal exhaust pipe against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side face of the secondary tunnel lining;
(4) a second lining reinforcing steel bar net rack is arranged between the lower end of the waterproof board and the two lining formworks or formworks of the injection trolley with the mould, and in order to ensure that the longitudinal injection pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are not deviated, the longitudinal injection pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are fixed on the second lining reinforcing steel bar net rack at the corresponding part through reinforcing steel bars and iron wires;
(5) pouring second lining concrete;
(6) grouting the local loose part of the arch top cavity of the secondary tunnel lining:
(a) after the construction of the second lining layer of the tunnel concrete is finished, the radar wave detection is carried out in time to determine that a cavity or an incompact condition exists behind the second lining concrete;
(b) before the next mold is supported by a second liner, the end of a longitudinal grouting pipe freely suspended at the section is plugged, the outer port of the longitudinal exhaust pipe is respectively communicated with an exhaust valve and a pressure gauge through a three-way pipe, a grout stop valve is arranged at the lower end of a vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe, grouting is started when concrete is finally set, and the grouting pressure is higher than the grouting pressure after demolding;
(c) grouting construction preparation: the smoothness of a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe is ensured, and a grouting machine and a stirrer of grouting equipment run normally;
(e) selecting grouting materials: selecting micro-expansion cement, adding water and stirring to form flowable micro-expansion cement paste, wherein the water-cement ratio is 1: 1.6-1: 1.7;
(f) grouting construction: the grouting is operated by a grouting machine and a stirrer, the grout is required to be continuously stirred, the material consumption is strictly monitored in the stirring process to ensure the quality of the grout, and after the grout is prepared and uniformly stirred, the vertical pipe is communicated with a grout outlet pipe of the grouting machine through a grout stop valve and a guide pipe;
after the preparation work is finished, grouting is started, an exhaust valve communicated with a longitudinal exhaust pipe is closed, a pressure gauge is communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe, cement paste is pressed in from the vertical pipe at high pressure, and the early grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa, so that the cement paste led in from the vertical pipe can break through the PE film which seals each grout outlet hole on the longitudinal grouting pipe, and flows into the hollow hole and the local loose part for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of the pressure in the grouting pressed cavity and the local loose part, the increased pressure breaks through a PE film which seals each exhaust hole on the longitudinal exhaust pipe and enters the longitudinal exhaust pipe, a pressure gauge on the longitudinal exhaust pipe is observed while grouting is carried out, when the pressure of the pressure gauge reaches 0.15MPa, an exhaust valve is opened to exhaust air in the longitudinal exhaust pipe, the air is exhausted out of the cavity and the local loose part, and then grout is filled in the cavity and the local loose part for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of grouting time, the grouting pressure of 0.1MPa is improved every 2 hours, but the maximum pressure is not more than 0.4-0.45 MPa, when continuous grout flows out of an exhaust valve of the longitudinal exhaust pipe and no air is discharged, the exhaust valve is closed to stabilize pressure, and cavity filling and grouting construction of a secondary lining pouring construction section of the tunnel are completed.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the thickness of the PE film is 0.09-0.2 mm, each grout outlet and each air exhaust hole are sealed at the outer sides by the PE film, the two side edges of the PE film are wrapped by adhesive tapes to be tightly attached to the outer wall of the pipe and sealed, the adhesive tapes are located in the non-porous area of the pipe wall, so that concrete grout cannot flow into the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal air exhaust pipe when the second liner is poured, grout or air can be pressurized to break through the PE film for sealing the grout outlet and the air exhaust holes during later grouting, and the circulation of the grout and the air is ensured.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the micro-expansion slurry comprises, by weight, cement, an admixture, a water reducing agent, an expanding agent and sand, wherein the admixture is 1:1.31:0.012:0.08: 2.43; wherein the admixture is high-activity fly ash, the water reducing agent is PCA-I type polyhydroxy acid water reducing agent, and the expanding agent is HME-III low-alkali type concrete expanding agent.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the bearing pressure of the PE film is less than 0.15 MPa.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the method comprises the following steps of completing filling and grouting construction of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section, filling and grouting construction of a next tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section, removing plugs of the ends of a longitudinal grouting pipe and a longitudinal exhaust pipe freely hung out of the section, and connecting two outer hanging ends with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal vent pipe of a next mold respectively to perform multi-plate combined grouting.
The above-described apparatus and method achieve the objects of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) according to the invention, the secondary lining concrete poured by the secondary lining is subjected to treatment grouting for filling the cavity when the secondary lining concrete is finally set, and the grouting pressure is far higher than the grouting pressure after demoulding, so that the integrity of the secondary lining concrete and the grouting treatment grout is improved, and various concrete defects are repaired. The invention has simple operation, only needs about 2 hours for processing the concrete with one plate and two linings, and does not occupy the normal lining construction time. Can effectively prevent the waterproof board of the vault from perforating and falling off, and ensure the construction quality.
(2) The invention has novel and simple structure and design and good use effect. The method can control vault crown void, guarantee the thickness of the tunnel lining, prevent the vault crown void of the tunnel lining, avoid the vault crown dropping block of the tunnel in later operation, influence the operation safety, and has low construction cost and high filling speed. The invention has low manufacturing cost, and the cost of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe is only tens of elements. The invention does not need special equipment, has simple operation and good use effect.
(3) The construction method of the invention compares the benefits with the traditional construction method under the same conditions:
according to the invention, the speed of filling the hole is 0.1m for carrying out the year, while the speed of filling the hole is 0.08m for carrying out the year;
the average cost of the method is 1-1.2 ten thousand yuan under the same condition, and the average cost of the traditional construction method is 1.4-1.6 ten thousand yuan under the same condition;
the construction quality of the invention is that the grouting effect is very obvious, no cavity and local loose part exist after grouting, the grouting effect of the traditional construction method is general, and the phenomena of cavity and incompact exist;
the construction of the invention has no damage to the waterproof board, and the traditional construction method usually damages the waterproof board;
the construction safety pre-control method has good construction safety pre-control effect and poor safety pre-control effect of the traditional construction method.
At present, the tunnel is built mostly into the integral lining structure tunnel, and the cavity and the uncompacted phenomenon can appear in the construction, have the quality hidden danger, and can't reach the inspection standard, influence work such as subsequent inspection and acceptance of handing over and develop.
The method has the advantages that subsequent drilling work is not needed, a waterproof system cannot be damaged, the grouting effect is very good, the design and specification requirements are met, and the problem of hidden quality danger of the existing tunnel lining is solved to a great extent.
Such as: the Baozhong 9 Bianling tunnel inclined shaft ZXK0+042-ZXK0+120 two-lining detection of Baozhong mountain 9 marks finds that a plurality of places are not compact at ZXK0+098, and the recheck is carried out after one-time vault follow-up grouting treatment, and the result shows that the result is qualified and the effect is very obvious.
The baby chicken-terrace expressway is built according to the standard of a bidirectional six-lane highway, the design speed is 80km/h, and the LJ-9 contract segment of the baby terrace expressway is located in a tunnel group of a Tiantaishan mountain of Qinling mountains, wherein the right line of an extra-long tunnel of a blue mountain (kwan-yin mountain) is 3619m in length, and the left line of the extra-long tunnel of the blue mountain is 3499m in length; the right line of the silver-tunnel gorge tunnel is 816m long, and the left line of the silver-tunnel gorge tunnel is 793m long; the invention is used for tunnel lining construction, well solves the problem of grouting of tunnel lining cavities, does not need later drilling and grouting, has good grouting effect and meets the requirement of quality acceptance standards.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the profile of a longitudinal grouting pipe and the distribution of grout outlet holes according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the profile of the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the distribution of the exhaust holes of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the construction state of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the construction states of a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the construction state of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the construction state longitudinal structure of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a longitudinal grouting pipe; 2. a slurry outlet; 3. a longitudinal exhaust pipe; 4. an exhaust hole; 5. lining an arch surface layer; 6. geotextile; 7. a waterproof sheet; 8. a concrete secondary lining layer; 9. pouring a second lining layer; 10. a vertical tube; 11. pouring a second lining; 12. a void; 13. slurry; 14. plugging the end; 15. an exhaust valve; 16. stop thick liquid valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of technical means, characteristics of creation, objectives and functions realized by the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to be exhaustive. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and materials, devices, equipments, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the device for treating the vault hollow space and the local loose part of the secondary lining of the tunnel comprises a waterproof plate, and further comprises a longitudinal grouting pipe 1, a longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 and a vertical pipe 10.
The vertical slip casting pipe 1 is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 3 grout outlet holes 2 with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the vertical slip casting pipe, each grout outlet hole 2 is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, the vertical slip casting pipe is arranged at the position, lower end side by side, lower end of the vertical slip casting pipe is lower than 2-3 cm, the position is close to a waterproof plate 7 in the center of the vault, and the positions of the grout outlet holes 2 are arranged downwards and on the two sides.
The longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 2 exhaust holes 4 with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, each exhaust hole is sealed with a PE film at the outer side, and the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and is tightly attached to the lower end face of the waterproof board. The vent hole is arranged upwards, namely towards the dome.
The vertical pipe 10 is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one end of the vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the secondary tunnel lining; or one end of each of the two vertical pipes is respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe and a longitudinal exhaust pipe with two sealed ports, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the longitudinal grouting pipe are supported against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of each vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side face of the secondary lining of the tunnel.
The vertical pipe 10 is communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe and is positioned at one end of the longitudinal slope high point of the tunnel, or the two limit vertical pipes are respectively communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe and are positioned at one end of the longitudinal slope high point of the tunnel.
The lower end of the vertical pipe is provided with a grout stop valve 16. Or the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe is provided with a grout stop valve, and the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is provided with a grout stop valve or an exhaust valve 15.
The bearing pressure of the sealed PE film is smaller than the grouting pressure.
The longitudinal grouting pipe and the free hanging end of the longitudinal exhaust are plugging ends 14, and the free hanging end is positioned on the corresponding outer side of the radial top of the two-lining pouring section. The plugging end material may be a pipe plug.
A method for processing vault holes and local loose parts of a tunnel secondary lining by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe: the method comprises the steps that 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of a longitudinal grouting pipe, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, 2 vent holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at 45 degrees and 315 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of a longitudinal exhaust pipe, each vent hole is sealed at the outer side by the PE film, and the length of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the length of the longitudinal exhaust pipe are larger than that of a secondary lining pouring construction section (or called a secondary lining 11 to be poured) of the tunnel.
The thickness of the PE film is 0.09-0.2 mm, and 1-2 layers of PE films can be arranged in each hole according to needs. And each grout outlet and each air outlet are sealed by a PE film on the outer side, two sides of the PE film wrap the outer wall of the pipe by using adhesive tapes and are tightly attached and sealed, the adhesive tapes are positioned in the non-porous area of the pipe wall, so that concrete grout cannot flow into the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal air outlet when the second lining is poured, and grout 13 or air can be pressurized to break through the PE film sealing the grout outlet and the air outlets during later grouting, so that the grout and the air are ensured to circulate. The bearing pressure of the PE film is less than 0.15 MPa.
(2) And hanging geotextile 6 and a waterproof board 7 on the lining arch surface layer 5, and checking the hanging looseness of the laid geotextile 6 and the waterproof board 7 to be qualified.
(3) The arrangement of the longitudinal grouting pipe 1, the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 10: the arrangement of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe is carried out before the two lining steel bars are bound, the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and clings to the lower end face of the waterproof board, and the exhaust hole is upwards arranged.
The longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position which is 2-3 cm lower end side by side and close to the vault central waterproof board and is lower than the longitudinal exhaust pipe, and the grout outlet is arranged downwards and on two sides. The longitudinal grouting pipe 1 and the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 can be fixed with the lower end face of the waterproof plate 7 of the corresponding part by using adhesive tapes.
The vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one end of each vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe by a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe; the vertical pipe supports the vertical grouting pipe or the vertical exhaust pipe to abut against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower portion of the inner side face of the secondary lining of the tunnel.
The specific embodiment of the vertical tube 10 is arranged as required and can be divided into:
as shown in fig. 6, one end of the vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe 1 with two sealed ports, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the tunnel secondary lining and is provided with a grout stop valve 16; one end of the other vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 with two sealed ports, and the other end of the other vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the secondary tunnel lining and can be respectively communicated with an exhaust valve 15 and a pressure gauge through a three-way valve. Obviously, when the free hanging ends of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are plugging ends 14, the upper ends of the two vertical pipes can be respectively communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe 1 and the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 through PVC elbows.
Or: one end of the vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe 1 with two sealed ports, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the secondary tunnel lining and is provided with a grout stop valve 16; the end head at the inner side of the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 is sealed, and the freely suspended end head at the outer side of the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 can be respectively communicated with an exhaust valve 15 and a pressure gauge through a three-way valve.
(4) And in order to ensure that the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are not deviated, the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are fixed on the two lining reinforcing steel bar net racks at the corresponding parts through reinforcing steel bars and iron wires.
(5) And pouring second lining concrete, namely performing second lining concrete pouring on the second lining layer 11 to be poured of the first construction section to form a poured second lining layer 9.
(6) Grouting the local loose part of the arch top cavity of the secondary tunnel lining:
(a) after the construction of the second lining layer 8 of the tunnel concrete is finished, the radar wave detection is carried out in time, and the situation that a cavity 12 or an incompact condition exists behind the second lining concrete is determined.
(b) Before the next mould is supported by the second lining, the end of a longitudinal grouting pipe freely suspended at the section is plugged, the outer port of the longitudinal exhaust pipe is respectively communicated with an exhaust valve and a pressure gauge through a three-way pipe, a grout stop valve is arranged at the lower end of a vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe, grouting is started when concrete is finally set, and the grouting pressure is higher than the grouting pressure after demoulding.
(c) Grouting 13, construction preparation: the smoothness of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe is ensured, and a grouting machine and a stirring machine of grouting equipment run normally.
(e) Selecting grouting materials: selecting micro-expansion cement, wherein the micro-expansion slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight, namely, cement, admixture, water reducing agent, expanding agent and sand, wherein the mixture is 1:1.31:0.012:0.08: 2.43; wherein the admixture is high-activity fly ash, the water reducing agent is PCA-I type polyhydroxy acid water reducing agent, and the expanding agent is HME-III low-alkali type concrete expanding agent.
Adding water and stirring to form the fluid micro-swelling cement paste, wherein the water-cement ratio is 1: 1.6-1: 1.7.
(f) Grouting construction: the grouting is operated by a grouting machine and a stirrer, the grout is required to be continuously stirred, the material consumption is strictly monitored in the stirring process to ensure the quality of the grout, and after the grout is prepared and uniformly stirred, the vertical pipe is communicated with a grout outlet pipe of the grouting machine through a grout stop valve and a guide pipe.
After the preparation work is finished, grouting is started, an exhaust valve communicated with a longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 is closed, a pressure gauge is communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe, cement paste is pressed in from the vertical pipe at high pressure, and the early grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa, so that the cement paste led in from the vertical pipe can break through the PE film closing each grout outlet hole 2 on the longitudinal grouting pipe 1 and flows into the hollow and local loose parts for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of the pressure in the grouting pressed cavity and the local loose part, the increased pressure breaks through a PE film which seals each exhaust hole 4 on the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 and enters the longitudinal exhaust pipe, a pressure gauge on the longitudinal exhaust pipe is observed while grouting is carried out, when the pressure of the pressure gauge reaches 0.15MPa, the exhaust valve 15 is opened to exhaust air in the longitudinal exhaust pipe, the air is discharged out of the cavity and the local loose part, and then grout is supplemented into the cavity and the local loose part for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of grouting time, the grouting pressure of 0.1MPa is improved every 2 hours, but the maximum pressure is not more than 0.4-0.45 MPa, when continuous grout flows out of an exhaust valve of a longitudinal exhaust pipe and no air is discharged, the exhaust valve is closed to stabilize pressure, and cavity filling and grouting construction of a secondary lining pouring construction section of a tunnel are completed.
The method comprises the following steps of completing filling and grouting construction of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section, filling and grouting construction of a next tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section, removing plugs of the ends of a longitudinal grouting pipe and a longitudinal exhaust pipe freely hung out of the section, and connecting two outer hanging ends with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal vent pipe of a next mold respectively to perform multi-plate combined grouting.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device to tunnel two lining vault cavity and local loose portion processing, includes that waterproof board constitutes, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe;
the longitudinal grouting pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position which is 2-3 cm lower than the longitudinal exhaust pipe and is parallel to the lower end and close to the waterproof board in the center of the vault, and the grout outlet holes are arranged downwards and at the two sides;
the longitudinal exhaust pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 2 exhaust holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, each exhaust hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and is tightly attached to the lower end face of the waterproof board, and the exhaust holes are arranged upwards;
the vertical pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one end of each vertical pipe is communicated with one section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports, or one end of each vertical pipe is respectively communicated with one section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the longitudinal grouting pipe are supported to abut against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of each vertical pipe extends to the lower portion of the inner side face of the secondary lining of the tunnel.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the vertical pipe is communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe and is positioned at one end of the longitudinal slope high point of the tunnel, or the two limit vertical pipes are respectively communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe and are positioned at one end of the longitudinal slope high point of the tunnel.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the vertical pipe is provided with a grout stop valve;
or the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe is provided with a grout stop valve, and the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is provided with a grout stop valve or an exhaust valve.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the bearing pressure of the sealed PE film is smaller than the grouting pressure.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal grouting pipe and the free suspension end head for longitudinal exhaust are plugging ends, and the free suspension end head is positioned on the corresponding outer side of the radial top of the secondary lining pouring section.
6. A method for treating vault hollows and local loosens in a tunnel secondary lining with a device comprising the steps of claim 1, comprising:
(1) preparing a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe: drilling 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe, sealing the outer side of each grout outlet hole by using a PE film, drilling 2 exhaust holes with the diameter of 4mm at 45 degrees and 315 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, sealing the outer side of each exhaust hole by using the PE film, wherein the lengths of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are more than that of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section;
(2) hanging geotextile and waterproof boards on the lining arch surface layer, and checking the hanging looseness of the laid geotextile and waterproof boards to be qualified;
(3) the setting of vertical slip casting pipe, vertical blast pipe and vertical pipe: arranging a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe before binding the two lining steel bars, wherein the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and is tightly attached to the lower end surface of the waterproof board, and the exhaust hole is arranged upwards;
the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the lower end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe which is 2-3 cm lower than the lower end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe and close to the waterproof board in the center of the vault, and the grout outlet holes are arranged downwards and at two sides;
the vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one end of each vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe by a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe; the vertical pipe supports the longitudinal grouting pipe or the longitudinal exhaust pipe against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side face of the secondary tunnel lining;
(4) a second lining reinforcing steel bar net rack is arranged between the lower end of the waterproof board and the two lining formworks or formworks of the injection trolley with the mould, and in order to ensure that the longitudinal injection pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are not deviated, the longitudinal injection pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are fixed on the second lining reinforcing steel bar net rack at the corresponding part through reinforcing steel bars and iron wires;
(5) pouring second lining concrete;
(6) grouting the local loose part of the arch top cavity of the secondary tunnel lining:
(a) after the construction of the second lining layer of the tunnel concrete is finished, the radar wave detection is carried out in time to determine that a cavity or an incompact condition exists behind the second lining concrete;
(b) before the next mold is supported by a second liner, the end of a longitudinal grouting pipe freely suspended at the section is plugged, the outer port of the longitudinal exhaust pipe is respectively communicated with an exhaust valve and a pressure gauge through a three-way pipe, a grout stop valve is arranged at the lower end of a vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe, grouting is started when concrete is finally set, and the grouting pressure is higher than the grouting pressure after demolding;
(c) grouting construction preparation: the smoothness of a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe is ensured, and a grouting machine and a stirrer of grouting equipment run normally;
(e) selecting grouting materials: selecting micro-expansion cement, adding water and stirring to form flowable micro-expansion cement paste, wherein the water-cement ratio is 1: 1.6-1: 1.7;
(f) grouting construction: the grouting is operated by a grouting machine and a stirrer, the grout is required to be continuously stirred, the material consumption is strictly monitored in the stirring process to ensure the quality of the grout, and after the grout is prepared and uniformly stirred, the vertical pipe is communicated with a grout outlet pipe of the grouting machine through a grout stop valve and a guide pipe;
after the preparation work is finished, grouting is started, an exhaust valve communicated with a longitudinal exhaust pipe is closed, a pressure gauge is communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe, cement paste is pressed in from the vertical pipe at high pressure, and the early grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa, so that the cement paste led in from the vertical pipe can break through the PE film which seals each grout outlet hole on the longitudinal grouting pipe, and flows into the hollow hole and the local loose part for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of the pressure in the grouting pressed cavity and the local loose part, the increased pressure breaks through a PE film which seals each exhaust hole on the longitudinal exhaust pipe and enters the longitudinal exhaust pipe, a pressure gauge on the longitudinal exhaust pipe is observed while grouting is carried out, when the pressure of the pressure gauge reaches 0.15MPa, an exhaust valve is opened to exhaust air in the longitudinal exhaust pipe, the air is exhausted out of the cavity and the local loose part, and then grout is filled in the cavity and the local loose part for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of grouting time, the grouting pressure of 0.1MPa is improved every 2 hours, but the maximum pressure is not more than 0.4-0.45 MPa, when continuous grout flows out of an exhaust valve of a longitudinal exhaust pipe and no air is discharged, the exhaust valve is closed to stabilize pressure, and cavity filling and grouting construction of a secondary lining pouring construction section of a tunnel are completed.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the thickness of the PE film is 0.09-0.2 mm, each grout outlet and each air exhaust hole are sealed at the outer sides by the PE film, the two side edges of the PE film are wrapped by adhesive tapes to be tightly attached to the outer wall of the pipe and sealed, the adhesive tapes are located in the non-porous area of the pipe wall, so that concrete grout cannot flow into the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal air exhaust pipe when the second liner is poured, grout or air can be pressurized to break through the PE film for sealing the grout outlet and the air exhaust holes during later grouting, and the circulation of the grout and the air is ensured.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the micro-expansion slurry comprises, by weight, cement, an admixture, a water reducing agent, an expanding agent and sand, wherein the admixture is 1:1.31:0.012:0.08: 2.43; wherein the admixture is high-activity fly ash, the water reducing agent is PCA-I type polyhydroxy acid water reducing agent, and the expanding agent is HME-III low-alkali type concrete expanding agent.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein: the bearing pressure of the PE film is less than 0.15 MPa.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps of completing filling and grouting construction of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section, filling and grouting construction of a next tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section, removing plugs of the ends of a longitudinal grouting pipe and a longitudinal exhaust pipe freely hung out of the section, and connecting two outer hanging ends with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal vent pipe of a next mold respectively to perform multi-plate combined grouting.
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| CN202110770332.8A CN113279785B (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Method and device for treating hollow and partial loose part of tunnel secondary lining vault |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113279785B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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