CN113279785B - Method and device for treating hollow and partial loose part of tunnel secondary lining vault - Google Patents
Method and device for treating hollow and partial loose part of tunnel secondary lining vault Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279785B CN113279785B CN202110770332.8A CN202110770332A CN113279785B CN 113279785 B CN113279785 B CN 113279785B CN 202110770332 A CN202110770332 A CN 202110770332A CN 113279785 B CN113279785 B CN 113279785B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001273 Polyhydroxy acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 admixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to a method for processing a cavity and a local loose part of a secondary lining vault of a tunnel and a device thereof, wherein 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled on the pipe wall of a longitudinal grouting pipe at the positions of 90 DEG, 180 DEG and 270 DEG at intervals, each grout outlet hole is sealed on the outer side by a PE film, 2 vent holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled on the pipe wall of a longitudinal vent pipe at the positions of 45 DEG and 315 DEG at intervals of 20cm, each vent hole is sealed on the outer side by a PE film, and the lengths of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal vent pipe are longer than that of a secondary lining pouring construction section of the tunnel. The vertical pipe is internally communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe. The method is that when the secondary lining concrete is finally set, the secondary lining concrete poured by the secondary lining is filled into the hollow space through the longitudinal grouting pipe, so that the integrity of the secondary lining concrete and grouting treatment slurry is improved, various concrete defects are repaired, perforation and falling of a waterproof board of a vault can be effectively prevented, and the construction quality is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a method and a device for treating a cavity and a local loose part of a secondary lining vault of a tunnel.
Background
In the tunnel construction, geotextile and waterproof plates are arranged on the lining arch surface layer before the secondary lining concrete of the tunnel is poured, and then grouting is carried out by using a grouting trolley with a mould to form the secondary lining concrete. After the secondary lining concrete is formed, a cavity and a cement layer non-compact state can be formed between the cement layer on the outer side of the arch and the waterproof board, and particularly the cavity and the cement layer non-compact state on the outer side of the arch are common, so that the construction quality of the tunnel lining is affected. Therefore, the cement slurry backfilling treatment is needed for the non-compact part of the formed cavity and the cement layer, the conventional treatment method is to drill holes in the secondary lining concrete at the lower end of the cavity and the non-compact part of the vault and communicate with the cavity and the non-compact part of the vault, then grouting inwards to seal the cavity and the non-compact structure part of the vault, but the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, high in investment cost, long in construction period and difficult to construct, and the defect that the grouting effect is affected by gas pressure in the cavity when the waterproof board is punctured or grouting is often caused in the drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a method and a device for processing a cavity and a partial loosening part of a double-lining vault of a tunnel so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The device for treating the hollow cavity and the partial loose part of the secondary lining vault of the tunnel comprises a waterproof plate, a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe.
The longitudinal grouting pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe, each grout outlet hole is sealed by a PE film at the outer side, the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position which is 2-3 cm lower than the longitudinal exhaust pipe and is close to the vault central waterproof board, and the grout outlet holes are downwards arranged at the positions and the two sides.
The longitudinal exhaust pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 2 exhaust holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe at intervals of 20cm, each exhaust hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the position of the upper point of the arch center arc line and clings to the lower end surface of the waterproof plate, and the positions of the exhaust holes are upwards arranged.
The vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one ends of the vertical pipes are communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the longitudinal grouting pipe are propped against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other ends of the vertical pipes extend to the lower part of the inner side face of the second lining of the tunnel.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the vertical pipes are communicated with one another, and the longitudinal grouting pipes are located at one end of the tunnel slope high point, or the two limit vertical pipes are respectively communicated with one another, and the longitudinal grouting pipes and the longitudinal exhaust pipes are located at one end of the tunnel slope high point.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the lower end of the vertical pipe is provided with a slurry stop valve. Or the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe is provided with a slurry stopping valve, and the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is provided with a slurry stopping valve or an exhaust valve.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the bearing force of the PE film of the seal is smaller than the grouting pressure.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the free overhanging ends of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust are the plugging ends, and the free overhanging ends are positioned at the corresponding outer sides of the radial top of the secondary lining pouring section.
A method for treating a cavity and a partial loose portion of a secondary lining vault of a tunnel by using the device, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe: 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at positions of 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe at intervals of 20cm, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, 2 vent holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe at intervals of 20cm, each vent hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, and the lengths of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are larger than that of a tunnel two-lining pouring construction section;
(2) Hanging geotextiles and waterproof plates on the lining arch surface layer, and hanging the laid geotextiles and waterproof plates for checking the looseness to be qualified;
(3) The arrangement of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe are arranged before binding the two lining steel bars, the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and is tightly attached to the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the exhaust hole is upwards arranged in the azimuth;
the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position which is 2-3 cm lower than the longitudinal exhaust pipe and is close to the vault central waterproof board, and the slurry outlet direction is downward and is arranged at two sides;
the vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one ends of the vertical pipes are communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe; the vertical pipe supports a longitudinal grouting pipe or a longitudinal exhaust pipe against the lower end surface of the waterproof plate, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the second lining of the tunnel;
(4) The lower end of the waterproof board and the two lining templates or the templates of the grouting trolley with the mould are provided with two lining steel bar net racks, and the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are fixed on the two lining steel bar net racks at the corresponding parts through steel bars and iron wires in order to ensure that the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are not deviated;
(5) Pouring secondary lining concrete;
(6) Grouting a partial loose part of a cavity of a secondary lining vault of the tunnel:
(a) Detecting radar waves in time after the construction of the secondary lining layer of the tunnel concrete is finished, and determining that a cavity or an incompact condition exists behind the secondary lining layer of the concrete;
(b) Before the second lining of the next mould is supported, the end head of the longitudinal grouting pipe freely suspended in the section is blocked, the outer port of the longitudinal exhaust pipe is respectively communicated with an exhaust valve and a pressure gauge through a three-way pipe, a grouting valve is arranged at the lower end of a vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe, grouting is started when concrete is finally solidified, and grouting pressure is higher than grouting pressure after demoulding;
(c) Grouting construction preparation: ensuring that the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are smooth, and the grouting machine and the stirrer of grouting equipment operate normally;
(e) Grouting material is selected from: selecting micro-expansion cement, adding water, and stirring to form fluid micro-expansion cement paste, wherein the water-cement ratio is 1:1.6-1:1.7;
(f) Grouting construction: grouting is performed by adopting a grouting machine and a stirrer, slurry is required to be continuously stirred, the material consumption is strictly monitored in the stirring process, the slurry quality is ensured, and after the preparation of cement slurry is completed and uniformly stirred, a vertical pipe is communicated with a slurry outlet pipe of the grouting machine through a slurry stop valve and a conduit;
after the preparation work is finished, grouting is started, an exhaust valve communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is closed, a pressure gauge is communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe, cement slurry is pressed in from the vertical pipe at high pressure, and the early grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa, so that the PE film sealing each grouting hole on the longitudinal grouting pipe can be broken through by the slurry led in from the vertical pipe, and the PE film flows into a cavity and a local loosening part to be sealed and filled;
as the pressure of grouting pressed into the cavity and the partial loosening part is increased, the increased pressure breaks through PE films on the longitudinal exhaust pipes for sealing the exhaust holes, the PE films enter the longitudinal exhaust pipes, grouting is performed while observing pressure gauges on the longitudinal exhaust pipes, when the pressure of the pressure gauges reaches 0.15MPa, the exhaust valve is opened, air in the longitudinal exhaust pipes is discharged, the air is discharged from the cavity and the partial loosening part, and then slurry is filled into the cavity and the partial loosening part for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of grouting time, grouting pressure of 0.1MPa is increased every 2 hours, but the maximum grouting pressure is not more than 0.4-0.45 MPa, and when continuous slurry flows out and no air is discharged from an exhaust valve of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, the exhaust valve is closed for stabilizing pressure, so that filling of a cavity and grouting construction of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section are completed.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the thickness of the PE film is 0.09-0.2 mm, each grout outlet hole and each vent hole are sealed by the PE film on the outer side, the outer walls of the pipes are wrapped by the adhesive tapes on the two side edges of the PE film and are tightly closed, the adhesive tapes are positioned in the non-porous areas of the pipe walls, the concrete grout is ensured not to flow into the longitudinal grouting pipes and the longitudinal vent pipes when the second lining is poured, and the PE film for sealing the grout outlet holes and the vent holes can be broken through by the grout or air in a pressurizing mode during later grouting, so that the circulation of the grout and the air is ensured.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the micro-expansion slurry comprises cement, admixture, water reducer, expanding agent and sand=1:1.31:0.012:0.08:2.43; wherein the admixture is high-activity fly ash, the water reducer is PCA-I type polyhydroxy acid water reducer, and the expanding agent is HME-III low-alkali concrete expanding agent.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the bearing force of the PE film is less than 0.15MPa.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: filling the cavity and grouting construction of the second lining pouring construction section of the tunnel, removing plugs of the freely suspended longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe end of the second lining pouring construction section of the tunnel, connecting the two externally suspended end with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal vent pipe of the next mold, and performing multi-plate combined grouting.
The above apparatus and method achieve the objects of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) The invention starts to fill the hollow of the secondary lining concrete poured by the secondary lining when the secondary lining concrete is finally set, and the grouting pressure is far higher than the grouting pressure after demoulding, thereby improving the integrity of the secondary lining concrete and grouting treatment slurry and repairing various concrete defects. The invention has simple operation, only needs about 2 hours for treating the one-plate two-lining concrete, and does not occupy the normal lining construction time. The waterproof board of the vault can be effectively prevented from perforating and falling off, and the construction quality is ensured.
(2) The invention has novel and simple structure and design and good use effect. The method can treat the vault void, ensure the thickness of the tunnel lining, prevent the vault void of the tunnel lining, avoid the vault falling block of the tunnel in later operation, influence the operation safety, and has low construction cost and high filling speed. The invention has low manufacturing cost, and the cost of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe is only several yuan. The invention is implemented without special equipment, and has simple operation and good use effect.
(3) The benefit contrast of the construction method of the invention with the traditional construction method under the same condition is:
the cavity filling speed is 0.1 m/min, and the traditional cavity filling speed is 0.08 m/min;
the average cost of the invention is 1-1.2 ten thousand yuan under the same condition, and the average cost of the traditional construction method is 1.4-1.6 ten thousand yuan under the same condition;
the construction quality of the invention is that the grouting effect is very obvious, no cavity and partial loose part exist after grouting, the grouting effect of the traditional construction method is general, and the phenomena of cavity and non-compaction exist;
the construction method has no damage to the waterproof board, and the waterproof board is often damaged by the traditional construction method;
the construction safety pre-control effect is good, and the traditional construction method is poor in safety pre-control effect.
At present, tunnels are built into integral lining structure tunnels, cavities and incompact phenomena can occur in construction, quality hidden danger exists, and the quality hidden danger can not reach the verification standard, so that subsequent work development such as verification and acceptance of the cross-over industry is affected.
The grouting device has no subsequent drilling work, does not damage a waterproof system, has a very good grouting effect, meets the design and specification requirements, and solves the problem of hidden quality hazards of the existing tunnel lining to a great extent.
Such as: the detection of ZXK0+042-ZXK0+120 lining of the inclined shaft ZXK0+098 of the Taoling 9 standard green (Guanyin mountain) tunnel shows that a plurality of places are not compact, and the result shows that the process is qualified after the primary vault and pipe grouting treatment, and the effect is very obvious.
The method is characterized in that a baby chicken to plateau mountain expressway is built according to a two-way six-lane highway standard, the design speed is 80km/h, the contract section of the baby plateau expressway LJ-9 is located in a Qinling mountain Tiantaishan tunnel group, wherein the right line length of a special long tunnel of a green (Guanyin mountain) is 3619m, and the left line length is 3499m; the length of the right line of the silver hole isthmus tunnel is 816m, and the length of the left line is 793m; the invention is used for tunnel lining construction, well solves the problem of grouting the holes of the tunnel lining, does not need later drilling grouting, has better grouting effect and meets the quality inspection standard requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a longitudinal grouting pipe section and a grouting hole distribution of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a longitudinal exhaust pipe section and exhaust hole distribution according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction state structure of a longitudinal grouting pipe and a longitudinal exhaust pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction state of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sectional structure of the construction state of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a construction state longitudinal structure of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a longitudinal grouting pipe; 2. a pulp outlet hole; 3. a longitudinal exhaust pipe; 4. an exhaust hole; 5. lining the arch surface layer; 6. geotextile; 7. a waterproof board; 8. a concrete secondary lining; 9. casting two lining layers; 10. a vertical pipe; 11. pouring two lining layers; 12. a cavity; 13. slurry; 14. plugging the end; 15. an exhaust valve; 16. and a slurry stop valve.
Detailed Description
In order that the manner in which the above recited features, objects and advantages of the present invention are obtained will become readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Based on the examples in the embodiments, those skilled in the art can obtain other examples without making any inventive effort, which fall within the scope of the invention. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and materials, apparatuses, devices, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the device for treating the hollow and partial loose parts of the secondary lining vault of the tunnel comprises a waterproof board, a longitudinal grouting pipe 1, a longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 and a vertical pipe 10.
The longitudinal grouting pipe 1 is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 3 grout outlet holes 2 with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe at intervals of 20cm, each grout outlet hole 2 is sealed by a PE film at the outer side, the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position of a waterproof plate 7 which is lower than the side by side lower end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe by 2-3 cm and is close to the center of a vault, and the positions of the grout outlet holes 2 are downwards arranged at the two sides.
The longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 2 exhaust holes 4 with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe at intervals of 20cm, the outer side of each exhaust hole is sealed by a PE film, and the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and is tightly attached to the lower end face of the waterproof board. The exhaust hole is arranged upwards, namely, arranged towards the vault direction.
The vertical pipe 10 is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one end of the vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the second lining of the tunnel; or one end of each of the two vertical pipes is respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe and a section of longitudinal exhaust pipe with two sealed ports, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the longitudinal grouting pipe are propped against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of each of the two vertical pipes extends to the lower part of the inner side face of the two lining of the tunnel.
The vertical pipe 10 is communicated with one end of the longitudinal grouting pipe at the high point of the tunnel slope, or two limit vertical pipes are respectively communicated with one end of the longitudinal grouting pipe and one end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe at the high point of the tunnel slope.
The lower end of the vertical pipe is provided with a slurry stop valve 16. Or the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe is provided with a slurry stopping valve, and the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is provided with a slurry stopping valve or an exhaust valve 15.
The bearing force of the PE film of the seal is smaller than the grouting pressure.
The free overhanging ends of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust are the plugging ends 14, and the free overhanging ends are positioned at the corresponding outer sides of the radial top of the secondary lining pouring section. The material of the plugging end can be a tube plug.
A method for treating a cavity and a partial loose portion of a secondary lining vault of a tunnel by using the device, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe: 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, 2 vent holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, each vent hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, and the lengths of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are larger than that of a tunnel two-lining pouring construction section (or called two lining layers 11 to be poured).
The thickness of the PE film is 0.09-0.2 mm, and 1-2 layers of PE films can be arranged in each hole according to the requirement. Each grout outlet hole and each vent hole are sealed by a PE film on the outer side, the outer walls of the pipes are wrapped by adhesive tapes on the two side edges of the PE film to be tightly closed, the adhesive tapes are positioned in the non-porous areas of the pipe walls, the concrete grout is ensured not to flow into the longitudinal grouting pipes and the longitudinal vent pipes when the secondary lining is poured, and the PE film for sealing the grout outlet holes and the vent holes can be broken through by grout 13 or air in a pressurizing manner during later grouting, so that the grout and the air are ensured to circulate. The bearing force of the PE film is less than 0.15MPa.
(2) Geotextile 6 and waterproof board 7 are hung on lining arch surface layer 5, and the laid geotextile 6 and waterproof board 7 are hung and tested to be qualified.
(3) The arrangement of the longitudinal grouting pipe 1, the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 10 is as follows: the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are arranged before the binding of the two lining steel bars, the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the arch center arc line and is tightly attached to the lower end face of the waterproof board, and the exhaust hole is upwards arranged in the azimuth.
The longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position which is 2-3 cm lower than the longitudinal exhaust pipe and is close to the vault central waterproof board, and the grout outlet direction is downward and is arranged at two sides. The longitudinal grouting pipe 1 and the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 can be fixed with the lower end surfaces of the waterproof plates 7 of the corresponding parts by using adhesive tapes.
The vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one ends of the vertical pipes are communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe; the vertical pipe supports the longitudinal grouting pipe or the longitudinal exhaust pipe against the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side face of the second lining of the tunnel.
The specific embodiments of the vertical pipe 10 are set according to the need, and can be divided into:
as shown in fig. 6, one end of the vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe 1 with two sealed ports, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the second lining of the tunnel and is provided with a grout stop valve 16; one end of the other vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 with two sealed ends, and the other end of the other vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the second lining of the tunnel and can be respectively communicated with the exhaust valve 15 and the pressure gauge through a three-way valve. Obviously, when the free suspension ends of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are the plugging ends 14, the upper ends of the two vertical pipes can be respectively communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe 1 and the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 through PVC elbows.
Or: one end of the vertical pipe is communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe 1 with two sealed ends, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the second lining of the tunnel and is provided with a grouting stop valve 16; the inner end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 is sealed, and the freely-suspended end of the outer side of the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 can be respectively communicated with the exhaust valve 15 and the pressure gauge through three-way valves.
(4) The two lining steel bar net frame is arranged between the lower end of the waterproof board and the two lining templates or the templates of the grouting trolley with the mould, and the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are fixed on the two lining steel bar net frames of the corresponding parts through steel bars and iron wires in order to ensure that the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are not deviated.
(5) And pouring secondary lining concrete, namely, pouring the secondary lining concrete on the secondary lining layer 11 to be poured in the first construction section to form the poured secondary lining layer 9.
(6) Grouting a partial loose part of a cavity of a secondary lining vault of the tunnel:
(a) And after the construction of the tunnel concrete double-lining layer 8 is finished, the existence of a cavity 12 or the non-compaction condition of the back of the double-lining concrete is determined by radar wave detection in time.
(b) Before the second lining of the next mould is supported, the end head of the longitudinal grouting pipe freely suspended in the section is blocked, the outer port of the longitudinal exhaust pipe is respectively communicated with an exhaust valve and a pressure gauge through a three-way pipe, a grouting stop valve is arranged at the lower end of a vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe, grouting is started when concrete is finally solidified, and grouting pressure is higher than grouting pressure after demoulding.
(c) Grouting 13 construction preparation: the smooth running of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe as well as the normal running of a grouting machine and a stirrer of grouting equipment are ensured.
(e) Grouting material is selected from: the micro-expansion cement is selected, and the weight ratio of the micro-expansion slurry is that the cement is an admixture, the water reducer is an expanding agent, and sand=1:1.31:0.012:0.08:2.43; wherein the admixture is high-activity fly ash, the water reducer is PCA-I type polyhydroxy acid water reducer, and the expanding agent is HME-III low-alkali concrete expanding agent.
Adding water and stirring to form the flowable micro-expansion cement slurry, wherein the water-cement ratio is 1:1.6-1:1.7.
(f) Grouting construction: grouting is performed by adopting a grouting machine and a stirrer, slurry is required to be continuously stirred, the material consumption is strictly monitored in the stirring process, the slurry quality is ensured, and after the preparation of cement slurry is completed and uniformly stirred, a vertical pipe is communicated with a slurry outlet pipe of the grouting machine through a slurry stop valve and a conduit.
After the preparation work is finished, grouting is started, an exhaust valve communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe 3 is closed, a pressure gauge is communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe, cement slurry is pressed in from the vertical pipe at high pressure, and the early grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa, so that the slurry introduced from the vertical pipe can break through PE films on the longitudinal grouting pipe 1 for sealing each grouting hole 2, and flows into a cavity and a local loosening part for sealing and filling;
as the pressure in the grouting pressing-in cavity and the partial loosening part is increased, the increased pressure breaks through PE films on the longitudinal exhaust pipes 3 for sealing the exhaust holes 4, the PE films enter the longitudinal exhaust pipes, the grouting is performed, meanwhile, a pressure gauge on the longitudinal exhaust pipes is observed, when the pressure of the pressure gauge reaches 0.15MPa, the exhaust valve 15 is opened, air in the longitudinal exhaust pipes is discharged, the air is discharged from the cavity and the partial loosening part, and then the slurry is filled into the cavity and the partial loosening part for sealing;
along with the increase of grouting time, grouting pressure of 0.1MPa is increased every 2 hours, but the maximum grouting pressure is not more than 0.4-0.45 MPa, and when continuous slurry flows out and no air is discharged from an exhaust valve of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, the exhaust valve is closed for stabilizing pressure, so that filling of a cavity and grouting construction of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section are completed.
Filling the cavity and grouting construction of the second lining pouring construction section of the tunnel, removing plugs of the freely suspended longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe end of the second lining pouring construction section of the tunnel, connecting the two externally suspended end with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal vent pipe of the next mold, and performing multi-plate combined grouting.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A method for processing a tunnel by using a tunnel secondary lining vault cavity and a local loose part processing device is characterized in that:
the device comprises a waterproof plate, a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe, wherein the longitudinal grouting pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at positions of 90 DEG, 180 DEG and 270 DEG at intervals of 20cm on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, and the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position which is 2-3 cm lower than the longitudinal exhaust pipe and is close to the waterproof plate at the center of the vault, and the grout outlet holes are arranged downwards and at the two sides;
the longitudinal exhaust pipe is a PVC pipe with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, 2 exhaust holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at the positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe at intervals of 20cm, each exhaust hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the position of the upper point of the arch center arc line and closely attached to the lower end surface of the waterproof plate, and the positions of the exhaust holes are upwards arranged;
the vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one ends of the vertical pipes are communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the longitudinal grouting pipe are propped against the lower end surface of the waterproof board, and the other ends of the vertical pipes extend to the lower part of the inner side surface of the second lining of the tunnel; the vertical pipes are communicated with one end of the longitudinal grouting pipe at the high point of the tunnel slope, or the two limit vertical pipes are respectively communicated with one end of the longitudinal grouting pipe and one end of the longitudinal exhaust pipe at the high point of the tunnel slope; the lower end of the vertical pipe is provided with a slurry stop valve, or the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe is provided with a slurry stop valve, and the lower end of the vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is provided with a slurry stop valve or an exhaust valve; the bearing force of the PE film of the seal is smaller than the grouting pressure; the free overhanging ends of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust are plugging ends, and the free overhanging ends are positioned at the corresponding outer sides of the radial top of the secondary lining pouring section;
the method for processing the tunnel by using the tunnel secondary lining vault cavity and the local loose part processing device comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe: 3 grout outlet holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at positions of 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal grouting pipe at intervals of 20cm, each grout outlet hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, 2 vent holes with the diameter of 4mm are drilled at positions of 45 degrees and 315 degrees on the pipe wall of the longitudinal exhaust pipe at intervals of 20cm, each vent hole is sealed at the outer side by a PE film, and the lengths of the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are larger than that of a tunnel two-lining pouring construction section;
(2) Hanging geotextiles and waterproof plates on the lining arch surface layer, and hanging the laid geotextiles and waterproof plates for checking the looseness to be qualified;
(3) The arrangement of the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a longitudinal grouting pipe, a longitudinal exhaust pipe and a vertical pipe are arranged before binding the two lining steel bars, the longitudinal exhaust pipe is positioned at the high point of the central arc line of the vault and is tightly attached to the lower end face of the waterproof plate, and the exhaust hole is upwards arranged in the azimuth;
the longitudinal grouting pipe is arranged at the position which is 2-3 cm lower than the longitudinal exhaust pipe and is close to the vault central waterproof board, and the slurry outlet direction is downward and is arranged at two sides;
the vertical pipes are PVC pipes with the pipe diameter of 25mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1.5mm, one ends of the vertical pipes are communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe, or one ends of the two vertical pipes are respectively communicated with a section of longitudinal grouting pipe with two sealed ports and a longitudinal exhaust pipe by using a PVC elbow or a three-way pipe; the vertical pipe supports a longitudinal grouting pipe or a longitudinal exhaust pipe against the lower end surface of the waterproof plate, and the other end of the vertical pipe extends to the lower part of the inner side surface of the second lining of the tunnel;
(4) The lower end of the waterproof board and the two lining templates or the templates of the grouting trolley with the mould are provided with two lining steel bar net racks, and the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are fixed on the two lining steel bar net racks at the corresponding parts through steel bars and iron wires in order to ensure that the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe are not deviated;
(5) Pouring secondary lining concrete;
(6) Grouting a partial loose part of a cavity of a secondary lining vault of the tunnel:
(a) Detecting radar waves in time after the construction of the secondary lining layer of the tunnel concrete is finished, and determining that a cavity or an incompact condition exists behind the secondary lining layer of the concrete;
(b) Before the second lining of the next mould is supported, the end head of the longitudinal grouting pipe freely suspended in the section is blocked, the outer port of the longitudinal exhaust pipe is respectively communicated with an exhaust valve and a pressure gauge through a three-way pipe, a grouting valve is arranged at the lower end of a vertical pipe communicated with the longitudinal grouting pipe, grouting is started when concrete is finally solidified, and grouting pressure is higher than grouting pressure after demoulding;
(c) Grouting construction preparation: ensuring that the longitudinal grouting pipe, the longitudinal exhaust pipe and the vertical pipe are smooth, and the grouting machine and the stirrer of grouting equipment operate normally;
(e) Grouting material is selected from: selecting micro-expansion cement, adding water, and stirring to form fluid micro-expansion cement paste, wherein the water-cement ratio is 1:1.6-1:1.7;
(f) Grouting construction: grouting is performed by adopting a grouting machine and a stirrer, slurry is required to be continuously stirred, the material consumption is strictly monitored in the stirring process, the slurry quality is ensured, and after the preparation of cement slurry is completed and uniformly stirred, a vertical pipe is communicated with a slurry outlet pipe of the grouting machine through a slurry stop valve and a conduit;
after the preparation work is finished, grouting is started, an exhaust valve communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe is closed, a pressure gauge is communicated with the longitudinal exhaust pipe, cement slurry is pressed in from the vertical pipe at high pressure, and the early grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa, so that the PE film sealing each grouting hole on the longitudinal grouting pipe can be broken through by the slurry led in from the vertical pipe, and the PE film flows into a cavity and a local loosening part to be sealed and filled;
as the pressure of grouting pressed into the cavity and the partial loosening part is increased, the increased pressure breaks through PE films on the longitudinal exhaust pipes for sealing the exhaust holes, the PE films enter the longitudinal exhaust pipes, grouting is performed while observing pressure gauges on the longitudinal exhaust pipes, when the pressure of the pressure gauges reaches 0.15MPa, the exhaust valve is opened, air in the longitudinal exhaust pipes is discharged, the air is discharged from the cavity and the partial loosening part, and then slurry is filled into the cavity and the partial loosening part for sealing and filling;
along with the increase of grouting time, grouting pressure of 0.1MPa is increased every 2 hours, but the maximum grouting pressure is not more than 0.4-0.45 MPa, and when continuous slurry flows out and no air is discharged from an exhaust valve of the longitudinal exhaust pipe, the exhaust valve is closed for stabilizing pressure, so that filling of a cavity and grouting construction of a tunnel secondary lining pouring construction section are completed.
2. The method of treating a tunnel with a tunnel secondary dome void and partial loose portion treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the PE film is 0.09-0.2 mm, each grout outlet hole and each vent hole are sealed by the PE film on the outer side, the outer walls of the pipes are wrapped by the adhesive tapes on the two side edges of the PE film and are tightly closed, the adhesive tapes are positioned in the non-porous areas of the pipe walls, the concrete grout is ensured not to flow into the longitudinal grouting pipes and the longitudinal vent pipes when the second lining is poured, and the PE film for sealing the grout outlet holes and the vent holes can be broken through by the grout or air in a pressurizing mode during later grouting, so that the circulation of the grout and the air is ensured.
3. The method of treating a tunnel with a tunnel secondary dome void and partial loose portion treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the micro-expansion slurry comprises cement, admixture, water reducer, expanding agent and sand=1:1.31:0.012:0.08:2.43; wherein the admixture is high-activity fly ash, the water reducer is PCA-I type polyhydroxy acid water reducer, and the expanding agent is HME-III low-alkali concrete expanding agent.
4. The method of treating a tunnel with a tunnel secondary dome void and partial loose portion treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bearing force of the PE film is less than 0.15MPa.
5. The method of treating a tunnel with a tunnel secondary dome void and partial loose portion treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: filling the cavity and grouting construction of the second lining pouring construction section of the tunnel, removing plugs of the freely suspended longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal exhaust pipe end of the second lining pouring construction section of the tunnel, connecting the two externally suspended end with the longitudinal grouting pipe and the longitudinal vent pipe of the next mold, and performing multi-plate combined grouting.
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