CN113279699A - PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method - Google Patents
PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279699A CN113279699A CN202110402153.9A CN202110402153A CN113279699A CN 113279699 A CN113279699 A CN 113279699A CN 202110402153 A CN202110402153 A CN 202110402153A CN 113279699 A CN113279699 A CN 113279699A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- DQTMTQZSOJMZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-pentadecylcatechol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O DQTMTQZSOJMZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method, and belongs to the field of drilling tool design in oil and gas well engineering. The method includes that when the circumferential tooth arrangement of the PDC teeth is designed, the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to the sequence of variable-sequence tooth arrangement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of a drill bit, and the variable-sequence tooth arrangement means that the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to a certain sequence change rule by the PDC teeth; the axial and radial loads of the variable-sequence tooth arrangement are smaller than those of the conventional sequence tooth arrangement, the cutting power is increased along with the increase of the working torque, the percentage of unbalanced force is reduced, the variable-sequence tooth arrangement can enable a drill bit to drill more stably, and meanwhile, the range of the variable-sequence tooth arrangement PDC drill bit adapting to the stratum is larger, so that the application range of the PDC drill bit is widened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method, and belongs to the field of drilling tool design in oil and gas well engineering.
Background
PDC bits rely on high hardness, wear resistant, self-sharpening polycrystalline diamond compacts (referred to as PDC or cutter) as cutting elements to shear and break up rock. The PDC drill bit has high mechanical drilling speed, long service life and low drilling cost in soft to medium hard formations, so that the PDC drill bit is widely used in drilling of oil and gas wells.
PDC bits often penetrate a variety of formations of different lithologies, including not only relatively easy-to-drill soft rock formations, but also hard formations, highly abrasive formations, plastic formations with poor drillability, interbedded formations with alternating hardness and hardness, heavily heterogeneous formations containing gravel, and high steep formations with large dip angles. These complex formation conditions can easily lead to abnormal failure of PDC bits, which can improve the rock breaking efficiency of the bits. In order to further improve the performance of the PDC drill bit and widen the application stratum range of the drill bit, it is very important to develop a tooth arrangement design method for the PDC drill bit.
It is assumed that the bit has a plane of cut through it that passes through the bit axis and a point on the bit (referred to as the axial plane or axial plane that passes through this point). When the drill bit rotates around the axis of the drill bit under the condition that the drilling speed is zero, the contour lines of the cutting elements are intersected with the cutting plane or the axial surface to form an intersection line, the intersection line is the axial surface contour line of the cutting elements, the axial surface contour lines of all the cutting elements are gathered to form a bottom hole coverage map of the drill bit, an envelope curve tangent to the axial surface contour lines of all the cutting units can be made in the bottom hole coverage map and is called a drill bit cutting contour line, and the drill bit cutting contour line reflects the basic shape characteristics of the bottom hole drilled by the drill bit. The bit body contour line is a position curve reflecting the bit body in the bottom hole overlay, which is an important characteristic curve of the diamond bit. The tooth distribution surface of the drill bit is a curved surface formed by intersecting the drill bit body after rotating for a circle by taking the axis of the drill bit as a rotating center and the contour line of the drill bit body as a rotating radius.
In the PDC drill bit, the contour lines of the PDC cutting teeth are intersected with a cutting plane or an axial plane to form an intersection line, the intersection line is the axial plane contour line of the PDC cutting teeth, the axial plane contour lines of all the PDC cutting teeth are gathered together to form a bottom hole coverage map of the PDC drill bit, and an envelope curve tangent to the axial plane contour lines of all the PDC cutting teeth is made to be the cutting contour line of the PDC drill bit.
The circumferential arrangement of the cutting teeth is to determine the circumferential position angle of the cutting teeth in a certain way in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the drill bit, and a circumferential tooth arrangement diagram is obtained, as shown in fig. 2.
Disclosure of Invention
The angle of the circumferential position angle of the PDC teeth in the conventional PDC drill bit is generally determined according to a sequential tooth arrangement mode or a reverse tooth arrangement mode, the designed PDC drill bit has poor adaptability to the stratum, so that the application range of the PDC drill bit to the stratum needs to be improved, a PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method is provided, the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to a sequence-variable tooth arrangement sequence in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drill bit when the circumferential tooth arrangement of the PDC teeth is designed, the sequence-variable tooth arrangement means that the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to a certain sequence-variable rule by the PDC teeth, the axial load and the radial load of the sequence-variable tooth arrangement are smaller than those of the conventional tooth arrangement, the cutting power is increased along with the increase of the working torque, the percentage of the unbalance force is reduced, the sequence-variable tooth arrangement can enable the drill bit to drill more stably, and the range of the sequence-variable tooth arrangement PDC drill bit to adapt to the stratum is larger, the application range of the PDC drill bit is widened.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method is characterized in that PDC teeth are arranged on a drill bit body: when the circumferential tooth arrangement of the PDC teeth is designed, the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to the sequence of variable-sequence tooth arrangement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drill bit, wherein the variable-sequence tooth arrangement means that the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to a certain sequence change rule by the PDC teeth, and the sequence change rule is represented by 'OiMj'; the value of the variable-order rule letter O is S or N, wherein S represents clockwise tooth arrangement, and N represents anticlockwise tooth arrangement; the value of the variable-order rule letter i is 1 or 2 or 3 or … 10, and the variable-order rule letter i represents the number of variable-order teeth; the value of the variable-sequence rule letter M is A or B, wherein A represents that the tooth arrangement sequence of the lower i teeth is the same as the direction of O, and B represents that the tooth arrangement sequence of the lower i teeth is opposite to the direction of O; the value of the variable-order rule letter j is 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, and the number of blades separated from the first tooth in the lower i teeth and the last tooth in the upper i teeth is represented; the bit firstly determines the circumferential position angle of i PDC teeth according to the O direction and the OiMj rule, then determines the tooth distribution direction of the lower i teeth according to the value of M, determines the blade position of the first tooth in the lower i teeth according to the value of j and the position of the last tooth in the upper i teeth, and distributes the circumferential position angle of the lower i teeth according to the OiMj rule.
In the above scheme, the teeth from No. 1 to No. 6 are cutting teeth on the main blades, and can only be arranged on two main blades, and the teeth are arranged according to the sequence change rule starting from the tooth No. 6, when the sequence change rule is "S5B 1", it indicates that 5 teeth are in one group, the first 5 teeth determine the circumferential position angle of the PDC tooth according to the clockwise direction, the lower 5 teeth determine the circumferential position angle of the PDC tooth according to the counterclockwise direction, the last tooth of the upper 5 teeth have 1 blade at an interval in the counterclockwise direction, that is, the blade position of the first tooth of the lower 5 teeth, the circumferential position angles of the lower 5 teeth are arranged according to the counterclockwise direction, and the circumferential position angles of all the PDC teeth are set according to such a rule, as shown in fig. 3. The axial and radial loads of the variable-sequence tooth arrangement are smaller than those of the conventional tooth arrangement, the cutting power is increased along with the increase of the working torque, the percentage of unbalanced force is reduced, the variable-sequence tooth arrangement can enable a drill bit to drill stably, the range of the variable-sequence tooth arrangement PDC drill bit adapting to the stratum is larger, and the application range of the PDC drill bit is widened.
Alternatively, in the radial coverage map of the drill, the radial coverage of the drill is divided into 3 regions, which are a core region, a middle region and an outer region, respectively, and the widths of the 3 regions have a value range of: w3 is W1 is W2, wherein W3 is the width of the outer region, W2 is the width of the middle region, and W1 is the width of the core region.
In the above-mentioned scheme, divide the regional cloth tooth that covers can satisfy the cloth tooth demand under the different situation, can also satisfy big drill bit cloth tooth requirement (outside region can be concrete refines), can also realize equidistant and become two kinds of different cloth tooth modes of interval, have more choice spaces for the designer.
Alternatively, in the radial overlay of the drill bit, the number of PDC teeth disposed in the outer region is K3, the number of PDC teeth disposed in the intermediate region is K2, the number of PDC teeth disposed in the core region is K1, and K2/W2> K3/W3> K1/W1 are satisfied.
In the scheme, the middle area is connected with the outer area and the central area, the cutting teeth in the area contact with the rock at the bottom of the well firstly, the impact load is large, and the abnormal failure of the cutting teeth in the area is prevented, so that the density of the cutting teeth in the area per unit width is dense; the outer area has a large rotation radius and a large cutting volume, and more cutting needs to be arranged to ensure the service life of the drill bit, so that the density of the cutting teeth in the unit width of the outer area is medium; the rock breaking amount of the cutting teeth in the core area is small, and the density of the cutting teeth in the unit width of the area is thin.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the axial and radial loads of the variable-sequence tooth arrangement are smaller than those of the conventional sequence tooth arrangement, the cutting power is increased along with the increase of the working torque, the percentage of the unbalanced force is reduced, the variable-sequence tooth arrangement can enable the drill bit to drill stably, the range of the variable-sequence tooth arrangement PDC drill bit adapting to the stratum is larger, and the application range of the PDC drill bit is widened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a PDC bit.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the PDC bit circumferential position angle.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of counterclockwise tooth placement for a PDC bit.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of PDC bit sequence and tooth arrangement.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of PDC bit area division.
1-bit body, 2-blade, 3-PDC tooth and 4-water hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method is characterized in that PDC teeth are arranged on a drill bit body: when the circumferential tooth arrangement of the PDC teeth is designed, the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to the sequence of variable-sequence tooth arrangement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drill bit, wherein the variable-sequence tooth arrangement means that the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to a certain sequence change rule by the PDC teeth, and the sequence change rule is represented by 'OiMj'; the value of the variable-order rule letter O is S or N, wherein S represents clockwise tooth arrangement, and N represents anticlockwise tooth arrangement; the value of the variable-order rule letter i is 1 or 2 or 3 or … 10, and the variable-order rule letter i represents the number of variable-order teeth; the value of the variable-sequence rule letter M is A or B, wherein A represents that the tooth arrangement sequence of the lower i teeth is the same as the direction of O, and B represents that the tooth arrangement sequence of the lower i teeth is opposite to the direction of O; the value of the variable-order rule letter j is 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, and the number of blades separated from the first tooth in the lower i teeth and the last tooth in the upper i teeth is represented; the bit firstly determines the circumferential position angle of i PDC teeth according to the O direction and the 'OiMj' rule, then determines the tooth distribution direction of the lower i teeth according to the value of M, determines the blade position of the first tooth in the lower i teeth according to the value of j and the position of the last tooth in the upper i teeth, and distributes the circumferential position angle of the lower i teeth according to the 'OiMj' rule, as shown in FIG. 4.
Preferably, in the radial coverage map of the drill, the radial coverage of the drill is divided into 3 regions, namely a core region, a middle region and an outer region, and the widths of the 3 regions have the following value ranges: w3 ≧ W1 ≧ W2, where W3 is the width of the outer region, W2 is the width of the middle region, and W1 is the width of the core region, as shown in FIG. 5.
Preferably, in the radial overlay of the drill bit, the number of PDC teeth arranged in the outer region is K3, the number of PDC teeth arranged in the intermediate region is K2, the number of PDC teeth arranged in the core region is K1, and K2/W2> K3/W3> K1/W1 are satisfied, as shown in fig. 5.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method is characterized in that PDC teeth are arranged on a drill bit body: when the circumferential tooth arrangement of the PDC teeth is designed, the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to the sequence of variable-sequence tooth arrangement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drill bit, wherein the variable-sequence tooth arrangement means that the circumferential position angle of each PDC tooth is determined according to a certain sequence change rule by the PDC teeth, and the sequence change rule is represented by 'OiMj'; the value of the variable-order rule letter O is S or N, wherein S represents clockwise tooth arrangement, and N represents anticlockwise tooth arrangement; the value of the variable-order rule letter i is 1 or 2 or 3 or … 10, and the variable-order rule letter i represents the number of variable-order teeth; the value of the variable-sequence rule letter M is A or B, wherein A represents that the tooth arrangement sequence of the lower i teeth is the same as the direction of O, and B represents that the tooth arrangement sequence of the lower i teeth is opposite to the direction of O; the value of the variable-order rule letter j is 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, and the number of blades separated from the first tooth in the lower i teeth and the last tooth in the upper i teeth is represented; the bit firstly determines the circumferential position angle of i PDC teeth according to the O direction and the OiMj rule, then determines the tooth distribution direction of the lower i teeth according to the value of M, determines the blade position of the first tooth in the lower i teeth according to the value of j and the position of the last tooth in the upper i teeth, and distributes the circumferential position angle of the lower i teeth according to the OiMj rule.
2. The PDC bit tooth placement design method of claim 1, wherein: in the radial coverage map of the drill bit, the radial coverage map of the drill bit is divided into 3 areas, namely a core area, a middle area and an outer area, and the width of the 3 areas has a value range as follows: w3 is W1 is W2, wherein W3 is the width of the outer region, W2 is the width of the middle region, and W1 is the width of the core region.
3. The PDC bit tooth placement design method of claim 2, wherein: in the radial overlay of the drill bit, the number of PDC teeth arranged in the outer region is K3, the number of PDC teeth arranged in the intermediate region is K2, the number of PDC teeth arranged in the core region is K1, and K2/W2> K3/W3> K1/W1 are satisfied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110402153.9A CN113279699A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110402153.9A CN113279699A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method |
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| CN113279699A true CN113279699A (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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| CN202110402153.9A Withdrawn CN113279699A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | PDC drill bit tooth arrangement design method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113951969A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-21 | 北京纳通医疗科技控股有限公司 | Bone surface forming abrasive drill, bone surface rasping instrument and patella trimming forming instrument |
| CN115688326A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-02-03 | 西南石油大学 | Annular groove type PDC drill bit design method |
| CN117514016A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-06 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with reversely-mounted teeth |
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2021
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113951969A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-21 | 北京纳通医疗科技控股有限公司 | Bone surface forming abrasive drill, bone surface rasping instrument and patella trimming forming instrument |
| CN113951969B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-12-08 | 北京纳通医疗科技控股有限公司 | Bone surface forming grinding drill, bone surface grinding file instrument and patella trimming forming instrument |
| CN115688326A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-02-03 | 西南石油大学 | Annular groove type PDC drill bit design method |
| CN115688326B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-10 | 西南石油大学 | Annular groove type PDC drill bit design method |
| CN117514016A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-06 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with reversely-mounted teeth |
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Application publication date: 20210820 |