CN113279002B - Control method and system for multi-tank parallel electrolysis hydrogen production - Google Patents
Control method and system for multi-tank parallel electrolysis hydrogen production Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 258
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method and a control system for hydrogen production by multi-tank parallel electrolysis and a storage medium. According to the control method provided by the invention, when a plurality of electrolytic tanks are used in parallel, the real-time target power of the electrolytic tanks can be updated according to the total power generation power and the change of the operating state parameters of the electrolytic tanks, and meanwhile, the inlets and outlets of the electrolytic tanks are monitored in real time, so that the accurate regulation and control and the stable operation in the electrolytic hydrogen production system are ensured. The invention sets protective measures for the temperature of the water outlet of the electrolytic bath, the running current of the electrolytic bath and the single-chip voltage of the electrolytic bath; when the running state parameters exceed the set range, the electrolytic cell is judged to have faults, and the electrolytic cell is quickly cut out by controlling an outlet valve and an inlet valve of the electrolytic cell to protect the electrolytic cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, in particular to a control method and a control system for multi-tank parallel electrolytic hydrogen production.
Background
The energy consumption mode mainly based on traditional fossil energy leads to the continuous deterioration of global energy resource constraint and ecological environment, and the challenge of resource environment is a global important subject. With the acceleration of the carbon emission reduction process, the renewable energy efficient and clean power generation technology is highly valued. However, the randomness and volatility of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic make grid stability and safety a huge challenge. The large-scale hydrogen production technology of renewable energy can effectively improve the energy utilization efficiency of a renewable energy power generation system, provides a new way for solving the problem of high-proportion grid connection of renewable energy, and is listed as one of the important tasks of the innovation action plan of the national energy technology revolution.
The electrolytic hydrogen production technology mainly comprises alkaline electrolytic water, proton exchange membrane electrolytic water and solid oxide electrolytic water technology. The alkaline electrolysis technology is the most mature, the production cost is low, but the alkaline electrolysis bath is difficult to start, stop and adjust rapidly, so that the alkaline electrolysis bath is difficult to be matched with renewable energy sources with rapid fluctuation characteristics; the solid oxide electrolysis technology adopts steam electrolysis, works in a high-temperature environment, has the highest energy efficiency, and is still in a laboratory research stage; the proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEM) hydrogen production technology has the characteristics of small occupied area, cleanness, no pollution, wide adjustable range and high response speed, can be flexibly controlled, facilitates load adjustment, and is a development trend and research hotspot of the future electrolysis hydrogen production technology.
In the prior art, research on an electrolytic water system based on renewable energy power is mostly focused on innovation and optimization of an upper-layer power distribution control system and logic, so that the adaptability of the electrolytic hydrogen production system to a fluctuating power supply is improved. However, when a plurality of electrolysis cells are operated simultaneously in order to enlarge the scale of the system, the problem of input power distribution among the electrolysis cells is involved, and the problem of cooperative regulation and protection among other devices in the hydrogen production system is also involved, and the conventional research lacks a cooperative control and fault protection method for the devices in the large-scale electrolysis hydrogen production system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method, system and storage medium for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis, so as to overcome the disadvantages in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a control method for hydrogen production by multi-tank parallel electrolysis, which comprises the following steps: acquiring total power generation power and operating state parameters of a plurality of electrolytic tanks connected in parallel, wherein the total power generation power is distributed to the plurality of electrolytic tanks; determining the opening number of the electrolytic cells and the target power corresponding to the electrolytic cells to be opened according to the operation state parameters and the total power generation power, wherein the target power is less than or equal to the total power generation power; calculating the target water flow of each electrolytic cell to be started according to the target power and the running state parameters of each electrolytic cell; summarizing target water flow of an electrolytic cell to be started to obtain target total water flow; adjusting the total water flow delivered to the plurality of electrolysis cells based on the target total water flow; obtaining the actual water flow of a water inlet of an electrolytic cell; and correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic bath according to the target water flow of the electrolytic bath.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: acquiring the actual temperature of water flow at the outlet of a water circulation device, wherein the water circulation device is used for outputting a target total water flow with preset temperature to a plurality of electrolytic tanks; judging whether the real-time temperature of the water flow is equal to a preset temperature or not; when the real-time temperature of the water flow is not equal to the preset temperature, the actual temperature of the water flow is equal to the preset temperature by adjusting the flow of the cooling device; the cooling device is used for cooling the water circulation device.
In one embodiment, the operating condition parameters include: the running time, temperature, current and voltage corresponding to the current of the electrolytic cell.
In one embodiment, the step of calculating the target water flow of each electrolyzer to be started according to the target power and the operating state parameters of each electrolyzer specifically comprises: obtaining the operating current density I of the electrolytic cell m And actual voltage U1; calculating the heat release of the electrolytic cell: q h ＝(U1-U2)×I m xAxN; wherein A is the area cm of the single cell 2 N is the number of single cells, U2 is the thermal neutral voltage; calculating the target water flow of the electrolytic cell:
In an embodiment, the step of correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell according to the target water flow of the electrolytic cell specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring the actual water flow of a water inlet of the electrolytic cell; judging the target water flow of the electrolytic cell and the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell; when the target water flow of the electrolytic cell is larger than the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell, the opening degree of the regulating valve of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell is reduced; and when the target water flow of the electrolytic cell is smaller than the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell, the opening degree of the regulating valve of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell is increased.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: switching the working state of the electrolytic cell according to the operating state parameter and the corresponding threshold value; the working state comprises the following steps: a first early warning state and a second early warning state; when the electrolytic cell is in the first early warning state, the load reduction is realized by reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell; and when the electrolytic bath is in the second early warning state, the input power of the electrolytic bath is cut off, and after the electrolytic bath is cooled to a certain temperature, the water inlet valve of the electrolytic bath and the gas circuit valve at the outlet are closed.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a control method for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis, which comprises the following steps: acquiring total power generation power and operation state parameters of a plurality of parallel electrolytic tanks, wherein the operation state parameters comprise operation time, temperature, current and voltage corresponding to the current of the electrolytic tanks; determining the opening number n of the electrolytic cells according to the operating state parameters and the total power generation power; opening a switch at a water inlet of the electrolytic cell to be started; and adjusting the total water flow delivered to the n electrolysis cells, the total water flow being the maximum water flow of the n electrolysis cells.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a control system for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis, comprising: the first acquisition module is used for acquiring the total power generation power and the operating state parameters of the plurality of electrolytic tanks connected in parallel, and the total power generation power is distributed to the plurality of electrolytic tanks; the first distribution module is used for determining the opening number of the electrolytic tanks and the target power which can be born by the electrolytic tanks to be opened according to the operating state parameters of each electrolytic tank, and the target power is less than the total power generation power; the calculation module is used for calculating the target water flow of each electrolytic cell to be started according to the target power and the running state parameters; the collecting module is used for collecting the target water flow of the electrolytic cell to be started to obtain the target total water flow; the first adjusting module is used for adjusting the total water flow of the plurality of electrolytic cells according to the target total water flow; the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell; and the first adjusting module is used for correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic bath according to the target water flow of the electrolytic bath.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a control system for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis, comprising: the third acquisition module is used for acquiring the total power generation power and the operation state parameters of the plurality of electrolytic cells connected in parallel, wherein the operation state parameters comprise the operation time, the temperature, the current and the voltage corresponding to the current of the electrolytic cells; the second distribution module is used for determining the opening number n of the electrolytic cell according to the operation state parameters and the total power generation power; the starting module is used for opening a switch at a water inlet of the electrolytic cell to be started; and a second regulating module for regulating the total water flow delivered to the n electrolysis cells, the total water flow being the maximum water flow of the n electrolysis cells.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: the device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are mutually communicated and connected, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions so as to execute the control method for hydrogen production by multi-tank parallel electrolysis.
In a sixth aspect, the invention provides a multi-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising: the energy power generation device is used for outputting total power of power generation; the rectifying device is connected with the energy power generation device and used for distributing the total power generation power and outputting the power generation electronic power from a plurality of output ends of the rectifying device; the electrolytic hydrogen production device comprises a plurality of electrolytic tanks connected in parallel, each electrolytic tank is respectively connected with the output end of the rectifying device and receives the power of the generator, a water inlet of each electrolytic tank is provided with a flow sensor and a corresponding flow regulating valve, and an outlet of each electrolytic tank is provided with a temperature sensor, an electromagnetic valve and a pneumatic valve at an outlet hydrogen pipeline; the water circulating devices are respectively connected with the water inlets of the electrolytic cell sub-modules and used for outputting a target total water flow at a preset temperature to the plurality of electrolytic cells; and a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are connected with each other in a communication way, the memory is stored with computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to execute the control method for producing hydrogen by multi-cell parallel electrolysis as described above.
In a seventh aspect, the present invention is a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the foregoing method for controlling hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a control method, a system and a storage medium for multi-tank parallel electrolysis hydrogen production. When a plurality of electrolytic tanks are used in parallel, the control method provided by the invention can update the real-time target power of the electrolytic tanks according to the total power generation power and the change of the operating state parameters of the electrolytic tanks, and simultaneously monitors the inlet and the outlet of the electrolytic tanks in real time, thereby ensuring the accurate regulation and control and stable operation in the electrolytic hydrogen production system.
The invention sets protective measures for the temperature of the water outlet of the electrolytic bath, the running current of the electrolytic bath and the single-chip voltage of the electrolytic bath; when the running state parameters exceed the set range, the electrolytic cell is judged to have faults, and the electrolytic cell is quickly cut out by controlling an outlet valve and an inlet valve of the electrolytic cell, so that the electrolytic cell can be protected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-cell parallel electrolytic hydrogen production system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control method for producing hydrogen by multi-cell parallel electrolysis according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multiple cell parallel electrolytic hydrogen production system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a control method for producing hydrogen by multi-cell parallel electrolysis according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method for producing hydrogen by multi-cell parallel electrolysis according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a control system for producing hydrogen by multi-cell parallel electrolysis according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a control system for multiple-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production provided according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a multi-tank parallel electrolysis hydrogen production system, which includes an energy power generation device, a rectification device, an electrolysis hydrogen production device, a water circulation device, and a water cooling device.
The energy power generation device is used for outputting total power generation power and comprises a plurality of renewable energy power generators (wind power or photovoltaic power generators), the energy power generation device is connected with the alternating current side of the rectifying device, and the direct current side of the rectifying device is connected with the direct current bus.
The rectifying device comprises a rectifying converter (comprising AC/DC and DC/DC) and a power distribution controller; the rectifying device is respectively connected with the energy power generation device and the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for distributing the total power distribution which can be generated and outputting the power of the generator by a plurality of output ends of the rectifying device.
The electrolytic hydrogen production device comprises a plurality of electrolytic tanks, a hydrogen unit and an oxygen unit which are connected in parallel. Each electrolytic cell subunit is respectively connected with the output end of the rectifying device and receives and transmits electronic power. Each electrolyzer is connected with a rectifier converter DC/DC, and a flow sensor (corresponding to F101, F102, F103 and F104 in figure 1), a flow regulating valve (corresponding to V101, V102, V103 and V104 in figure 1) on a water inlet pipeline, a temperature sensor (corresponding to T101, T102, T103 and T104 in figure 1) on an outlet, an electromagnetic valve (corresponding to V105, V106, V107 and V108 in figure 1) on the outlet and a pneumatic valve (corresponding to V201, V202, V203 and V204 in figure 1) on an outlet hydrogen pipeline are arranged at a water inlet of each electrolyzer. The hydrogen submodule comprises a hydrogen-side multistage gas-liquid separator, a deoxidation dehydration purification device and at least one hydrogen storage tank; the oxygen submodule comprises an oxygen side multi-stage gas-liquid separator and at least one oxygen storage tank.
The water circulation devices are respectively connected with the water inlets of the electrolysis bath submodules and used for outputting a target total water flow with a preset temperature to the plurality of electrolysis baths (the electrolysis baths in the figure). The water circulation device comprises a heat exchanger, a water pump 1 and a water tank 1, wherein the water outlet of the water tank 1 is connected with the water inlet of the water pump 1, the water outlet of the water pump 1 is connected with the water inlet of the heat exchanger, and the water outlets of the heat exchanger are respectively connected with the water inlet of the electrolytic bath; the water pump 1 is a variable frequency pump; a water flow sensor (corresponding to F in fig. 1) is arranged at the outlet of the water pump 1, and a temperature sensor (corresponding to T in fig. 1) is required at the outlet of the heat flow strand of the heat exchanger.
The water cooling device comprises a water pump 2 and a water tank 2; the water outlet of the water tank 2 is connected with the water inlet of the water pump 2, and the water outlet of the water pump 2 is connected with the water inlet of the heat exchanger. The water cooling device can further control the temperature of the total water flow at the outlet of the heat exchanger by adjusting the speed of the water pump 2. The water separated by the hydrogen side multi-stage gas-liquid separator and the oxygen side multi-stage gas-liquid separator enters the water tank 1 again, so that the reuse of part of the water can be realized, and the water circulation cost can be saved.
The multi-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production system also comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are mutually communicated and connected, the memory is stored with computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions so as to execute the control method for multi-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production.
As shown in FIG. 2, the control method for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis specifically comprises the following steps S1-S8.
And S1, acquiring the total power generation power and the operation state parameters of the plurality of electrolytic cells connected in parallel, wherein the total power generation power is distributed to the plurality of electrolytic cells. The operating state parameters include: the running time, temperature, current and voltage corresponding to the current of the electrolytic cell.
S2, determining the opening number of the electrolytic cells and the target power which can be born by the electrolytic cells to be opened according to the operation state parameters and the total power generation power, wherein the target power is less than or equal to the total power generation power. When the total power generation power is greater than a preset starting threshold value, starting any electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production; and when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power, keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production.
And S3, calculating the target water flow of each electrolytic cell to be started according to the target power and the operation state parameters of each electrolytic cell.
Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: s301, obtaining the operating current density I of the electrolytic cell m And actual voltage U1; s302, calculating the exothermic quantity of the electrolytic cell: q h ＝(U1-U2)×I m xAxN; wherein A is the area cm of the single cell 2 N is the number of single cells, U2 is the thermal neutral voltage;
s303, calculating the target water flow of the electrolytic cell:
wherein, the delta T is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the two ends of the electrolytic cell;
is the specific heat capacity of water.
And S4, summarizing the target water flow of the electrolytic cell to be started to obtain the target total water flow.
And S5, adjusting the total water flow of the plurality of electrolytic cells according to the target total water flow. Specifically, the PWM signal duty ratio of the water pump 1 is set according to the target total water flow, the PWM signal is sent to the water pump 1, the rotating speed of the water pump 1 is changed, and then the target total water flow can be controlled; then, the inlet regulating valve of each electrolytic cell is required to be adjusted to the corresponding opening degree so as to meet the target water flow of the electrolytic cell.
The invention can adjust the water inflow of each electrolytic tank in real time by adopting the management valve and the water pump for frequency conversion control, thereby reducing the water seepage quantity at the oxygen side on one hand and reducing the energy consumption of the water pump and the consumption of ultrapure water on the other hand.
And S6, acquiring the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell.
S7, correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell according to the target water flow of the electrolytic cell.
Step S7 specifically includes the following steps:
s701, obtaining the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell;
s702, judging the target water flow of the electrolytic cell and the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell;
when the target water flow of the electrolytic cell is larger than the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell, the opening degree of the regulating valve of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell is reduced; and when the target water flow of the electrolytic cell is smaller than the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell, the opening degree of the regulating valve of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell is increased.
And S8, acquiring the actual temperature of the water flow at the outlet of the water circulation device.
S9, judging whether the actual temperature of the water flow is equal to the preset temperature or not; when the real-time temperature of the water flow is not equal to the preset temperature, the actual temperature of the water flow at the outlet of the water circulation device is equal to the preset temperature by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water of the water cooling device; the cooling device is used for cooling the water circulation device. Specifically, when the water pump 2 is a fixed-frequency pump, the opening degree of a regulating valve (corresponding to V109 in fig. 1) on a heat exchanger bypass is regulated according to the measured value of a temperature sensor T at the heat exchanger heat flow stream outlet of the water circulation device, so that the temperature at the heat exchanger heat flow stream outlet is always kept at T0 (such as 60 ℃); alternatively, when the water pump 2 is an inverter pump, the temperature at the outlet of the heat exchanger heat flow strand is always kept at T0 according to the measured value of the temperature sensor (corresponding to T in fig. 1) at the outlet of the heat exchanger heat flow strand of the water pump 2.
And S10, respectively adjusting the gas-liquid separator on the hydrogen unit side, the deoxidation dehydration purification device and the gas-liquid separator on the oxygen unit side, and keeping the stable operation of the electrolytic hydrogen production device.
The control method provided by the embodiment of the invention can update the real-time target power of the hydrogen production system according to the total power generation power and the change of the operation state parameters of the electrolytic cell, and simultaneously monitors the inlet and the outlet of the electrolytic cell in real time, thereby ensuring the accurate regulation and control and stable operation in the hydrogen production system.
The embodiment of the invention provides a hydrogen production system suitable for multi-tank parallel electrolysis, when a plurality of electrolytic tanks are used in parallel, regulating valves (or electromagnetic valves) are additionally arranged in water paths of the electrolytic tanks, and circulating water pumps in the system are subjected to variable frequency regulation control. In the operation process of the hydrogen production system with the multiple electrolytic cells, protective measures are set for the temperature of the water outlet of each electrolytic cell, the operation current of the electrolytic cell and the single-chip voltage of the electrolytic cell; when the certain parameter exceeds the upper line set value or is lower than the lower limit set value, the fault of a single electrolytic cell is judged, and the electrolytic cell is quickly cut out by controlling an outlet valve and an inlet valve of the electrolytic cell to protect the electrolytic cell.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a hydrogen production system suitable for multi-cell parallel electrolysis, which is different from embodiment 1 in that a flow regulating valve with an adjustable opening degree at a water inlet of each electrolytic cell is replaced with an electromagnetic valve (corresponding to V101, V102, V103, and V104 in fig. 3) which only controls a switch, a water pump 1 is still a variable frequency pump, but only n adjustable gears are provided, and 1 to n gears are respectively the maximum water amount required for opening n electrolytic cells (if the maximum water flow required by a single electrolytic cell is 11.4L/min, 4 electrolytic cells are connected in parallel and can be set to 1 to 4 gears, which respectively correspond to water flows of 11.4L/min, 22.8L/min, 34.2L/min, and 45.6L/min).
As shown in fig. 4, the control method for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis provided in example 2 specifically includes the following steps: s101 to S105.
S101, acquiring total power generation power and operation state parameters of a plurality of parallel connection electrolytic cells, wherein the operation state parameters comprise operation time, temperature, current and voltage corresponding to the current of the electrolytic cells.
S102, determining the opening number n of the electrolytic cells according to the operation state parameters and the total power generation power.
And S104, opening a water inlet switch of the electrolytic cell to be started.
And S105, adjusting the total water flow transmitted to the n electrolytic cells, wherein the total water flow is the maximum water flow of the n electrolytic cells. And adjusting the rotating speed of the water pump 1 to a corresponding gear according to the determined opening number of the electrolytic cells, namely the opening number of the n electrolytic cells corresponds to the nth gear. When the water pump 2 is a fixed-frequency pump, firstly setting a regulating valve (corresponding to V109 in fig. 3) on a bypass of the heat exchanger to be n corresponding openings according to the water flow of n stages of the water pump 1; when the water flow of the water pump 1 is changed at the gear position, the opening degree of the regulating valve V109 is primarily adjusted at the gear position according to the gear position of the water pump 1, and then the opening degree of a regulating valve (corresponding to V109 in fig. 3) on the bypass of the heat exchanger is further adjusted according to the actual value of the temperature sensor T at the heat flow outlet of the heat exchanger, so that the temperature at the heat flow outlet of the heat exchanger is always kept at T0 (for example, 60 ℃).
Optionally, when the water pump 2 is a variable frequency pump, the water pump 2 may be set to correspond to the n-gear water flow of the water pump 1 according to the n-gear water flow of the water pump 1; when the water flow of the water pump 1 is changed, the gear of the water pump 2 is primarily adjusted according to the gear of the water pump 1, and then the rotating speed of the water pump 2 is further adjusted according to the measured value of a temperature sensor (corresponding to T in fig. 1) at the heat flow outlet of the heat exchanger, so that the temperature at the heat flow outlet of the heat exchanger is always kept at T0.
Compared with the control method of real-time follow-up response in the embodiment 1, the step-up adjustment control method in the embodiment 2 of the invention is more convenient for programming and realizing the control system and has lower cost.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention provides a control method for multi-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production, which is applicable to the fault protection method for multi-cell combined electrolysis hydrogen production systems provided in embodiments 1 and 2, and the method is used for performing fault protection on the above-mentioned large-scale electrolysis hydrogen production system applicable to energy power, and the method includes the following steps S801 to S802.
S801, obtaining the operation state parameters of each electrolytic cell.
S802, switching the working state of the electrolytic cell according to the operating state parameter and the corresponding threshold value; the working state comprises the following steps: a first early warning state and a second early warning state; when the electrolytic cell is in the first early warning state, the load reduction is realized by reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell; and when the electrolytic cell is in the second early warning state, cutting off the input power of the electrolytic cell, and closing a water inlet valve of the electrolytic cell and an air path valve at an outlet after the electrolytic cell is cooled to a certain temperature.
Specifically, when the outlet water temperature of each electrolytic cell is monitored (corresponding to temperature sensors T101, T102, T103 and T104 in FIG. 1), and when a certain outlet temperature (T101, T102, T103 and T104) of the electrolytic cell exceeds T1 (such as 68 ℃, corresponding to the critical value of a first early warning state), the load of the electrolytic cell is reduced; when the outlet temperature (T101, T102, 10T3, T104) of a certain electrolytic cell exceeds T2 (such as 70 ℃, corresponding to the criticality of the second early warning state), the power supply of the rectifying cabinet of the electrolytic cell is automatically cut off, and when the temperature of the electrolytic cell is reduced to T3 (such as 40 ℃), the circulating water inlet valve and the gas circuit valve at the outlet of the electrolytic cell are closed (such as V101, V105 and V201 are closed correspondingly by the electrolytic cell 1). When the current of each electrolytic cell is monitored and is higher than I1 such as (176A)/lower than I1 such as (24A), the electrolytic cell is in a first early warning state, and the load of the electrolytic cell is reduced; when the temperature is higher than I2 (such as 192A)/lower than I2 (such as 8A), the power supply of the electrolytic cell is cut off in a second early warning state, and when the temperature of the electrolytic cell is reduced to T3 (such as 40 ℃), the circulating water inlet valve and the gas circuit valve of the electrolytic cell are closed (such as V101, V105 and V201 are closed correspondingly to the electrolytic cell 1). When the single-chip voltage value of each electrolytic cell is monitored, and the voltage of a single cell of a certain electrolytic cell is higher than V1 (such as 1.9V)/lower than V1 (such as 1.5V), the electrolytic cell is in a first early warning state, and the load of the electrolytic cell is reduced; when the cell voltage of a certain cell is higher than V2 (such as 2.0V)/lower than V2 (such as 1.4V), the power supply of the electrolytic cell is cut off, and when the temperature of the electrolytic cell is reduced to T3 (such as 40 ℃), the circulating water inlet valve and the gas circuit valve of the electrolytic cell are closed (such as V101, V105 and V201 are closed correspondingly to the electrolytic cell 1).
In the embodiment 3 of the invention, protective measures are set for the temperature of the water outlet of each electrolytic cell, the running current of the electrolytic cell and the single-chip voltage of the electrolytic cell in the running process of the hydrogen production system with the plurality of electrolytic cells; when the operating state parameter exceeds the set range, the electrolytic cell is judged to have a fault, and the electrolytic cell is quickly cut out by controlling an outlet valve and an inlet valve of the electrolytic cell to protect the electrolytic cell.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention provides a control system for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis, comprising: the system comprises a first acquisition module 11, a first distribution module 12, a calculation module 13, a summary module 14, a first adjustment module 15, a second acquisition module 16 and an adjustment module 17.
The first obtaining module 11 is used for obtaining total power generation power and operation state parameters of a plurality of electrolysis cells connected in parallel, wherein the total power generation power is distributed to the plurality of electrolysis cells.
The first distribution module 12 is used for determining the opening number of the electrolytic cells and the target power which can be born by the electrolytic cells to be opened according to the operation state parameters and the total power generation power, wherein the target power is less than or equal to the total power generation power.
The calculation module 13 is used for calculating the target water flow of each electrolyzer to be started according to the target power and the operation state parameters of each electrolyzer.
The summarizing module 14 is used for summarizing the target water flow of the electrolytic cell to be started to obtain the target total water flow.
The first regulating module 15 is used to regulate the total water flow of the plurality of electrolysis cells according to the target total water flow.
The second acquiring module 16 is used for acquiring the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell.
The adjusting module 17 is used for correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell according to the target water flow of the electrolytic cell.
As shown in FIG. 7, the present invention provides a control device for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis, comprising: a third acquisition module 21, a second distribution module 22, an opening module 23 and a second regulation module 24.
The third obtaining module 21 is used for obtaining the total power generation power and the operation state parameters of the plurality of electrolysis cells connected in parallel, wherein the operation state parameters comprise the operation time, the temperature, the current and the voltage corresponding to the current of the electrolysis cell.
The second distribution module 22 is used for determining the opening number n of the electrolytic cell according to the operation state parameters and the total power generation power.
The starting module 23 is used for opening a switch at the water inlet of the electrolytic cell to be started.
The second regulating module 24 is used to regulate the total water flow delivered to the n electrolysis cells, which is the maximum water flow of the n electrolysis cells.
As shown in fig. 8, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the control system for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis shown in fig. 5 and 6.
Referring to fig. 8, the electronic device may include: at least one processor 51, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), at least one communication interface 53, memory 54, at least one communication bus 52. Wherein a communication bus 52 is used to enable the connection communication between these components. The communication interface 53 may include a Display (Display) and a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional communication interface 53 may also include a standard wired interface and a standard wireless interface. The Memory 54 may be a high-speed RAM Memory (volatile Random Access Memory) or a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory. The memory 54 may alternatively be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor 51. Wherein the processor 51 may be combined with the apparatus described in fig. 5-7, the memory 54 stores an application program, and the processor 51 calls the program code stored in the memory 54 for executing the steps of the control method for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis according to the present invention.
The communication bus 52 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The communication bus 52 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 8, but that does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
The memory 54 may include a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (english: non-volatile memory), such as a flash memory (english: flash memory), a hard disk (english: hard disk drive, abbreviated: HDD) or a solid-state drive (english: SSD); the memory 54 may also comprise a combination of the above types of memories.
The processor 51 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.
The processor 51 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a General Array Logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.
Optionally, the memory 54 is also used to store program instructions. Processor 51 may invoke program instructions to implement the control method for multiple cell parallel electrolysis for hydrogen production as shown in the embodiments of fig. 3-4 of the present application.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a non-transient computer storage medium, and the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions which can execute the control method for hydrogen production by multi-cell parallel electrolysis in any method embodiment. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD) or a Solid State Drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A control method for hydrogen production by multi-tank parallel electrolysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring total power generation power and operation state parameters of a plurality of electrolytic cells connected in parallel, wherein the total power generation power is distributed to the plurality of electrolytic cells;
determining the opening number of the electrolytic cells and the target power corresponding to the electrolytic cells to be opened according to the operating state parameters and the total power generation power, wherein the target power is less than or equal to the total power generation power;
calculating the target water flow of each electrolytic cell to be started according to the target power and the operating state parameters of each electrolytic cell;
summarizing the target water flow of the electrolytic cell to be started to obtain target total water flow;
adjusting the total water flow of a plurality of electrolysis cells according to the target total water flow;
obtaining the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell; and
correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell according to the target water flow of the electrolytic cell;
wherein, in the step of calculating the target water flow of each electrolytic cell to be started according to the target power and the operation state parameters of each electrolytic cell, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the operating current density I of the electrolytic cell m And actual voltage U1;
calculating the heat release of the electrolytic cell: q h ＝(U1-U2)×I m xAxN; wherein A is the area cm of the single cell 2 N is the number of single cells, U2 is the thermal neutral voltage;
calculating the target water flow of the electrolytic cell:
wherein, the delta T is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the two ends of the electrolytic cell;
is the specific heat capacity of water.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring the actual temperature of water flow at the outlet of a water circulation device, wherein the water circulation device is used for outputting target total water flow with preset temperature to the plurality of electrolytic cells;
judging whether the actual temperature of the water flow is equal to the preset temperature or not; when the real-time temperature of the water flow is not equal to the preset temperature, the actual temperature of the water flow at the outlet of the water circulation device is equal to the preset temperature by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water of the water cooling device; the water cooling device is used for cooling the water circulation device.
3. The method of claim 1,
the operating state parameters include: the running time, the temperature, the current of the electrolytic cell and the voltage corresponding to the current.
4. The method of claim 1,
in the step of correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell according to the target water flow of the electrolytic cell, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell;
judging the target water flow of the electrolytic cell and the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell; when the target water flow of the electrolytic cell is larger than the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell, the opening of the regulating valve of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell is reduced; and when the target water flow of the electrolytic cell is smaller than the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell, the opening degree of the regulating valve of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell is increased.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
switching the working state of the electrolytic cell according to the operating state parameter and the corresponding threshold value;
the working state comprises: a first early warning state and a second early warning state; when the electrolytic cell is in the first early warning state, the load reduction is realized by reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell; and when the electrolytic bath is in the second early warning state, the input power of the electrolytic bath is cut off, and after the electrolytic bath is cooled to a certain temperature, the water inlet valve of the electrolytic bath and the gas circuit valve at the outlet are closed.
6. A control system for multi-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for acquiring total power generation power and operation state parameters of a plurality of electrolytic tanks connected in parallel, and the total power generation power is distributed to the plurality of electrolytic tanks;
the first distribution module is used for determining the opening number of the electrolytic cells and the target power corresponding to the electrolytic cells to be opened according to the running state parameters and the total power generation power, and the target power is less than or equal to the total power generation power;
the calculation module is used for calculating the target water flow of each electrolytic cell to be started according to the target power and the running state parameters of each electrolytic cell;
the collecting module is used for collecting the target water flow of the electrolytic cell to be started to obtain the target total water flow;
a first regulating module for regulating the total water flow of the plurality of electrolysis cells according to the target total water flow;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual water flow of the water inlet of the electrolytic cell; and
the adjusting module is used for correspondingly adjusting the actual water flow value of the water inlet of the electrolytic bath according to the target water flow of the electrolytic bath;
wherein the calculation module is specifically configured to:
obtaining the operating current density I of the electrolytic cell m And actual voltage U1;
calculating the heat release of the electrolytic cell: q h ＝(U1-U2)×I m xAxN; wherein A is the area cm of the single cell 2 N is the number of single cells, U2 is the thermal neutral voltage;
calculating the target water flow of the electrolytic cell:
wherein, the delta T is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the two ends of the electrolytic cell;
is the specific heat capacity of water.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are connected with each other in a communication way, the memory is stored with computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to execute the control method for producing hydrogen by multi-cell parallel electrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A multi-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production system is characterized by comprising:
the energy power generation device is used for outputting total power of power generation;
the rectifying device is connected with the energy power generation device and used for distributing the total power generation power and outputting the power generation electronic power from a plurality of output ends of the rectifying device;
the electrolytic hydrogen production device comprises a plurality of electrolytic tanks connected in parallel, each electrolytic tank is respectively connected with the output end of the rectifying device and receives the power of the generator, a water inlet of each electrolytic tank is provided with a flow sensor and a corresponding flow regulating valve, and an outlet of each electrolytic tank is provided with a temperature sensor, an electromagnetic valve and a pneumatic valve at an outlet hydrogen pipeline;
the water circulating devices are respectively connected with the water inlets of the electrolytic tank sub-modules and used for outputting target total water flow with preset temperature to the plurality of electrolytic tanks; and
a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are connected with each other in a communication way, the memory is stored with computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to execute the control method for producing hydrogen by multi-cell parallel electrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for controlling multi-cell parallel electrolysis hydrogen production according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN113690938A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-23 | 河北建投新能源有限公司 | Hydrogen production system control method based on power model prediction |
| CN113699539A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-26 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Heat integration system and method for dynamic hydrogen production process |
| CN113802136B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-10-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Electrolytic tank system and working method thereof |
| CN114277384A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-04-05 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | System for be used for alkaline electrolysis hydrogen plant electrolyte circulation |
| CN114134527B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-03-12 | 考克利尔竞立(苏州)氢能科技有限公司 | Water electrolysis hydrogen production device and method with multiple electrolytic tanks |
| CN114752944A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-07-15 | 苏氢氢能科技(浙江)有限公司 | Novel hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water |
| CN114369849B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2024-01-30 | 阳光氢能科技有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring health degree of electrolytic cell and electrolytic cell monitoring system |
| EP4249642A1 (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-09-27 | L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Electrolysis method and arrangement |
| CN114990600B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-05-10 | 阳光氢能科技有限公司 | New energy hydrogen production system and control method thereof |
| CN115016416A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-06 | 烟台东德实业有限公司 | Clean energy-based zero-carbon factory control system and method |
| CN115094481B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-06-09 | 河北工业大学 | Modularized alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production scheduling switching method adapting to wide power fluctuation |
| CN115572990B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-10 | 长春吉电氢能有限公司 | Hydrogen production system and control method thereof |
| CN116377464B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-12-29 | 绍兴西爱西尔数控科技有限公司 | Circulating water-cooled safety explosion-proof electrolytic tank set |
| CN116516413B (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-12-12 | 氢联(江苏)高科技有限公司 | Control method and system for multi-tank parallel electrolytic hydrogen production |
| CN116845970B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2024-02-02 | 北京雷动智创科技有限公司 | Power scheduling and distributing method and device for electrolytic water hydrogen production system |
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| CN106119883B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2018-10-26 | 同济大学 | A kind of coupled hydrogen making system and its control method |
| JP6209256B1 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-10-04 | 株式会社日本トリム | Electrolyzed water generator |
| CN110042413B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2021-04-06 | 河北工业大学 | Non-grid-connected wind power hydrogen production system and method by electrolyzing water |
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