CN116845970B - Power scheduling and distributing method and device for electrolytic water hydrogen production system - Google Patents
Power scheduling and distributing method and device for electrolytic water hydrogen production system Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/004—Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J3/0075—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source according to economic or energy efficiency considerations, e.g. economic dispatch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a power scheduling and distributing method and device of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, wherein the method comprises the steps of setting and initializing electrolyzer efficiency curve data, control parameters, power generation parameters, hydrogen production electrolyzer parameters and constraint conditions; acquiring power prediction data, electrolytic cell state information and power generation equipment data; judging the data of the power generation equipment, and calculating the given power of the power generation equipment based on a judging result; based on the state information of the electrolytic cells and the power prediction data, obtaining an electrolytic cell start-stop instruction, calculating given power of each electrolytic cell according to an efficiency optimal principle, and generating a heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction according to the state information of the electrolytic cells; performing fault early warning and protection on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system according to the state information of the electrolytic tank; the corresponding device comprises: the system comprises a power scheduling unit, a load power distribution unit, a first router, a second router, a wind power control unit, a photovoltaic power control unit, a display unit and an array formed by a plurality of in-situ controllers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of renewable energy source water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to a power scheduling and distributing method and device of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
Background
With the continuous development of renewable energy power generation application, the application scene of water electrolysis and hydrogen production aiming at large-scale renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like has appeared, and a plurality of electrolytic tanks are generally adopted in the water electrolysis and hydrogen production system, so that the problem of renewable energy source absorption is solved by the application, and green pollution-free hydrogen can be produced.
However, in the related art, an energy storage system needs to be configured to stabilize unbalance of renewable energy power and hydrogen production power to produce hydrogen, or a certain power grid capacity needs to be reserved to support the unbalance power, which results in larger initial investment and poor economical efficiency. The conventional power scheduling method only performs power scheduling from the power balance angle, lacks optimal control of system efficiency, and can cause low system operation efficiency and cannot achieve a preset income target if efficiency priority is not performed and effective control of the aging state of the electrolytic cell is considered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a power scheduling and distributing method and device of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which can improve the economic benefit of the system and reduce the operation and maintenance cost.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a power scheduling and distribution method for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising:
setting and initializing electrolyzer efficiency curve data, control parameters, power generation parameters, hydrogen production electrolyzer parameters and constraint conditions;
acquiring power prediction data, electrolytic cell state information and power generation equipment data;
judging the data of the power generation equipment, judging the state of the power generation equipment, calculating the given power of the power generation equipment by taking maximum power generation as a control target if the power generation equipment is in a grid-connected state, and calculating the given power of the power generation equipment by taking power fluctuation meeting fluctuation requirements as the control target if the power generation equipment is in an off-grid state;
based on the state information of the electrolytic cells and the power prediction data, obtaining an electrolytic cell start-stop instruction, calculating given power of each electrolytic cell according to an efficiency optimal principle, and generating a heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction according to the state information of the electrolytic cells;
performing fault early warning and protection on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system according to the state information of the electrolytic tank;
and issuing the given power of the power generation equipment, and issuing the starting and stopping instruction of the electrolytic cells, the given power of each electrolytic cell and the heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction.
Optionally, the constraint condition comprises a power change rate of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a minimum operation power and a maximum operation power of a single electrolytic tank, a starting time of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a power change rate of power generation equipment.
Optionally, the process of acquiring the efficiency curve data of the electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining by reading a pre-stored or externally transmitted electrolytic tank efficiency curve file; or by reading efficiency data in each electrolytic tank control system in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.
Optionally, the process of acquiring the starting and stopping instruction of the electrolytic cell and the given power of the electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:
acquiring the start-stop state and the current power state of the electrolytic cell;
solving the maximum efficiency of each electrolytic cell according to the electrolytic cell efficiency curve;
judging whether the current power state deviates from the maximum efficiency and exceeds a preset threshold value and whether the time exceeds the preset threshold value continuously exceeds a preset time, if so, generating an electrolytic tank start-stop instruction to start a new electrolytic tank, otherwise, judging whether the current power state of the started electrolytic tank reaches the minimum running power, and if so, generating an electrolytic tank start-stop instruction to stop the electrolytic tank with the lowest current efficiency;
the current power state of all the electrolytic cells is controlled to be highest according to the efficiency curve of the electrolytic cells.
Optionally, the acquiring process of the heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction includes:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, judging the start-stop state of an nth electrolytic cell;
step two, judging whether the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is met if the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is in a stop state, and executing the step one on the (n+1) th station if the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is not met, wherein the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is that the stop time is less than the specified time and the temperature and the pressure are in a normal working state;
thirdly, if the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control conditions are met, generating a heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction to execute heat preservation and pressure maintaining control, and storing the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time of the current electrolytic tank, executing the first step on the n+1 electrolytic tanks;
fourth, judging whether all the electrolytic cells have executed the first step, if yes, ending, if not, executing the first step for n+1 electrolytic cells;
optionally, the process of performing fault early warning and protection on the water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:
carrying out numerical judgment on the current voltage and current ratio in the state information of the electrolytic cell, and generating an aging fault early warning according to the voltage and current judgment result;
the pressure change rate in the state information of the electrolytic tank is subjected to numerical judgment, and pressure fault early warning is generated according to the pressure judgment result;
carrying out numerical judgment on the temperature change rate in the state information of the electrolytic tank, and generating a temperature fault early warning according to the temperature judgment result;
when pressure early warning fault or temperature early warning fault occurs, adjusting power to operate so as to realize the protection of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
In order to better achieve the technical purpose, the invention also provides a device corresponding to the power scheduling and distributing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which comprises the following steps:
a power scheduling unit; the power dispatching unit is connected with a load power distribution unit, and the load power distribution unit is connected with an in-situ control array through a first router; wherein the in situ control array comprises a plurality of in situ controllers of the electrolytic cells;
the power scheduling and distributing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is executed by the power scheduling unit to generate an electrolytic tank start-stop instruction and a given power and heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction of each electrolytic tank; and decomposing the given power of each electrolytic cell into an electrolytic cell power value by adopting an electrolytic cell power scheduling algorithm through a load distribution unit, and issuing an electrolytic cell power instruction for each electrolytic cell in-situ controller in the in-situ control array according to the electrolytic cell power value.
The power scheduling unit is also connected with a second router;
the second router is respectively connected with a power prediction system, a wind power control unit and a photovoltaic power control unit; the wind power control unit is connected with a wind power generation system; the photovoltaic power control unit is connected with a photovoltaic power generation system.
The power scheduling and distributing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is executed through the power scheduling unit to generate given power of the power generation equipment, and the wind power control unit and the photovoltaic power control unit are used for controlling power output of the wind power system and the photovoltaic power generation system according to the given power of the power generation equipment.
Optionally, the electrolytic tank adopts a remote IO module or a logic programmable controller, the number of the local controllers is the same as that of the electrolytic tanks of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the local controllers of the electrolytic tank are communicated with a power supply of the electrolytic tank, a power command for generating electricity and decomposing the tank is generated under the power supply of the electrolytic tank, and state information of the electrolytic tank is acquired; the temperature and pressure of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system are also controlled.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the power scheduling and distributing method with optimal efficiency is provided for the application scene of hydrogen production of renewable energy sources such as large-scale wind power, photovoltaic and the like, so that the optimal operation efficiency can be realized, and the economic benefit of the system is improved. Meanwhile, the power distribution also considers the aging state of the electrolytic cell, avoids the premature retirement of the individual electrolytic cell, and reduces the operation and maintenance cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power dispatching and distributing device of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a power scheduling and distribution method of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic cell power scheduling control algorithm provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an efficiency curve of an electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control logic for maintaining temperature and pressure of the electrolytic tank according to the embodiment of the invention;
reference numerals illustrate, among other things, a 1-power scheduling unit, a 2-load power distribution unit, a 3-first router, a 4-second router, a 5-wind power control unit, a 6-photovoltaic power control unit, a 7-display unit, an 8-in-place control array, a 9-generated power prediction unit, a 10-wind power generation system, and an 11-photovoltaic power generation system.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application proposes a power scheduling and distribution device for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The invention provides a power scheduling and distributing device of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which comprises: the system comprises a power dispatching unit 1, a load power distribution unit 2, a first router 3, a second router 4, a wind power control unit 5, a photovoltaic power control unit 6, a display unit 7, an in-situ control array 8 consisting of a plurality of electrolytic cell in-situ controllers and a generated power prediction unit 9.
The power dispatching unit 1 is respectively connected with the second router 4 and the load power distribution unit 2 through communication lines;
the load power distribution unit 2 is connected with the ground control array through a first router 3, the load power distribution unit 2 receives an electrolysis cell total power instruction issued by the power scheduling unit 1, namely an electrolysis cell power given value, and the total power instruction is decomposed into power values of each electrolysis cell through an electrolysis cell power scheduling control algorithm, namely a hydrogen production electrolysis cell power distribution program S306, and the load power distribution unit generates power decomposition tank power instructions for each local controller in the local control array;
the power scheduling unit 1 acts as a top level controller of the overall power scheduling and distribution device, executing a power scheduling and distribution algorithm, preferably the power scheduling unit 1 employs an industrial computer or a programmable logic controller.
The power scheduling unit 1 is connected with the display unit 7 through a data line, and preferably, a High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) communication data line and a communication mode are selected; the power scheduling unit 1 also contains a monitor screen program for displaying the power schedule of the hydrogen production system.
The load power distribution unit 2 is connected to the ground control array 8 via a first router 3, preferably using ethernet as a physical communication connection, the communication protocol being based on the EtherCAT real-time ethernet protocol.
The wind power control unit 5 receives the generated power command from the power scheduling unit, and issues a start-stop command and a generated power command for each wind turbine to the wind power generation system 10, i.e., the wind farm.
The wind power control unit 5 and each wind turbine generator set adopt Ethernet communication, and the communication protocol is preferably ModbusTCP protocol.
The photovoltaic power control unit 6 receives the generated power command from the power dispatching unit on the one hand, and issues a start-stop command and a single-stage power command to each inverter of the photovoltaic power generation system 11, that is, the photovoltaic station on the other hand.
The photovoltaic power control unit 6 and each photovoltaic inverter adopt ethernet communication, and the communication protocol is preferably ModbusTCP.
The in situ control array 8 comprises a plurality of in situ cell controllers whose primary functions include: 1) Communicating with a power supply of the electrolytic tank, and issuing a power instruction; 2) Collecting power supply information of the electrolytic cell and hydrogen production system state information, namely power information of the electrolytic cell and state information of the electrolytic cell; 3) Controlling the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen production system;
the in-situ controllers, preferably using remote IO modules or logic programmable controllers (PLCs), are the same number as the number of cells in the hydrogen production system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power scheduling and distribution method for a hydrogen production system by electrolysis of water.
The invention provides a power scheduling and distributing method of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which comprises the following steps: an initialization program S101, a data reading program S102, a generated power calculation program S103, an electrolytic cell scheduling control program S104, a protection and early warning program S105, and a command issuing program S106.
The initialization program S101 comprises an electrolyzer efficiency curve acquisition, a control parameter acquisition, a power generation parameter acquisition, a hydrogen production electrolyzer parameter acquisition and a constraint condition acquisition, wherein the constraint condition comprises a power change rate of an electrolytic water hydrogen production system, a minimum operation power and a maximum operation power of a single electrolyzer, a starting time of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, a power change rate of power generation equipment and the like; the control parameters comprise the power change rate of the electrolytic tank, PI regulator parameters and the like set by a user, the rated power of a large-point parameter envelop power generation end, the power regulation rate and the like, and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank parameters comprise the number of electrolytic tanks, the rated power of the electrolytic tank, the minimum operation power of the electrolytic tank, the maximum operation power of the electrolytic tank and the like.
The data reading program S102 reads power prediction system data through communication and reads electrolytic tank state information and power generation equipment data;
the power generation power calculation program S103 carries out given power calculation according to whether the power generation equipment is in a grid-connected state or an off-grid state, the control target is to generate power to the maximum extent in a grid-connected mode, and the control target is small in power fluctuation in an off-grid mode, so that the requirement of an energy storage system on the power fluctuation is met;
the scheduling control program S104 of the electrolytic cell calculates all electrolytic cell start-stop instructions according to the running state, the health state and the power generation power predicted value of the electrolytic cell, and calculates a given power value of each electrolytic cell according to the efficiency optimal principle;
the instruction issuing program S106 issues wind power and photovoltaic given power through communication in a communication mode; generating a slot opening and stopping instruction, a power instruction and a heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction through communication.
The power scheduling and distributing method comprises the following steps:
firstly, executing an initialization program S101, wherein the initialization program comprises cell efficiency curve file acquisition, control parameter acquisition, power generation end parameter acquisition and constraint condition acquisition, and hydrogen production cell parameter and constraint condition acquisition;
second, a data reading procedure S102 is performed, including: reading power prediction system data, reading electrolytic cell state information, reading wind power data and reading photovoltaic power data.
Step three, executing a power generation power calculation program S103, firstly judging whether grid-connected power generation or off-grid power generation modes, and calculating a power set value of a power generation end under two working conditions of grid-connected state and off-grid state;
step four, executing an electrolytic cell scheduling control program S104, obtaining start and stop instructions of all electrolytic cells according to the running state and the health state of the electrolytic cells, and calculating a given value of the power of the electrolytic cells which is correspondingly started;
and step five, executing a protection and early warning program S105, wherein the program comprises the early warning of the fault of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system and the fault protection of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.
And step six, executing an instruction issuing program S106, issuing wind power and photovoltaic given power through communication, and issuing a power generation and slot opening and stopping instruction, a power instruction and a heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction through communication.
The initialization program S101 is executed as follows:
the cell efficiency curve included in the initialization procedure is acquired, first, the cell efficiency curve is acquired. There are 2 ways to obtain the efficiency curve of the electrolyzer:
the first approach is by reading a pre-stored or externally sent electrolyzer efficiency profile;
the second approach is to read the efficiency data in each cell control system in the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system by communication.
Next, control parameters, power generation parameters, and hydrogen production cell parameters are obtained. The parameters come from user setting and built-in parameters, and the control parameters are obtained by reading the parameter registers.
Finally, constraint conditions are obtained, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the power change rate of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the minimum operation power and the maximum operation power of a single electrolytic tank, the starting time of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the power change rate of power generation equipment and the like.
The data reading program S102 reads the power generation prediction data, the wind power station operation data, the photovoltaic station operation data, and the hydrogen production unit operation data through ethernet communication.
The generated power calculation program S103 performs a given power calculation according to whether the power generation apparatus is in a grid-connected or off-grid state, respectively.
Grid-connected mode working condition control: on the basis of the constraint condition, the control target is maximum power generation, based on wind power prediction data and the theoretical power which can be generated by a single wind turbine generator, the theoretical power which can be generated by each wind turbine generator in a wind power plant is given under the condition of not exceeding the maximum on-line electric quantity, and the power limiting control is carried out under the condition of reaching the maximum on-line electric quantity, so that the power limiting control strategy is implemented.
Off-grid mode working condition control: on the basis of the constraint conditions, the control target generates power to the maximum extent, and the power change rate of the control target is smaller than that of the energy storage system.
The method comprises the steps that an electrolytic cell scheduling control program S104 calculates all electrolytic cell start-stop instructions according to the running state, the health state and the power generation power predicted value of the electrolytic cell, and a given power value of each electrolytic cell is generated according to total power calculation through a load power distribution unit according to an efficiency optimal principle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a method of power scheduling control for an electrolytic cell as proposed herein. The method for controlling the scheduling of the electrolytic cell comprises two parts, namely power scheduling control of the electrolytic cell and heat preservation and pressure maintaining control of the electrolytic cell, wherein the power scheduling control of the electrolytic cell is realized by the following steps:
step one, executing an electrolytic cell state information acquisition program S301, and reading the starting or stopping state, the current power state and the temperature state information of the electrolytic cell;
step two, executing an optimal efficiency working point calculation program S302, and solving the maximum efficiency working point of each electrolytic tank according to the electrolytic tank efficiency curve;
thirdly, executing an optimal efficiency judging program S303, judging whether the electrolytic cell deviates from the optimal efficiency by more than 5% for 30min, if so, executing a starting electrolytic cell judging program S304, and starting a new electrolytic cell; if not, executing a judgment program S307 for judging whether the started electrolytic cell has reached the minimum operating power, and if so, executing an electrolytic cell stopping program S308 for stopping the 1 electrolytic cell with the lowest current efficiency;
and step four, executing a hydrogen production electrolytic cell power distribution program S306, wherein the electrolytic cell power distribution is solved based on the overall efficiency optimal principle, and solving the optimal efficiency working point based on an iteration method, namely finding out the overall maximum efficiency point of the electrolytic cell in all running states under the current given power constraint condition through the iteration method. The electrolytic cell is controlled so that the operating point of the operation is the most efficient as a whole.
FIG. 4 is an efficiency curve of the electrolyzer at different powers, and the hydrogen generating electrolyzer power distribution program S306 calculates the overall efficiency optimum operating point according to the efficiency curve of the electrolyzer.
FIG. 5 shows the control logic of the heat and pressure preservation of the electrolytic cell, and the control flow of the heat and pressure preservation of the electrolytic cell is as follows:
firstly, reading an nth electrolytic cell state program S201, and confirming whether the current electrolytic cell is in a stop state or not;
step two, executing a state judging program S202, and judging whether the heat preservation and pressure maintaining conditions are met or not if the nth electrolytic tank is in a shutdown state, namely judging whether the shutdown time is less than the specified time and the temperature and the pressure are in a normal working state or not;
third, executing a heat preservation and pressure maintaining condition judging procedure S203, and executing a heat preservation and pressure maintaining control procedure S204 and storing the time of heat preservation and pressure maintaining if the nth electrolytic tank meets the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition;
and fourthly, if the current electrolytic tank does not meet the heat preservation and pressure maintaining conditions, adding 1 to the counter n, and executing again from the first step.
And fifthly, executing an all-electrolytic-tank completion judging program S206, ending the program when all the electrolytic tanks are subjected to heat preservation and pressure maintaining judgment, and starting the execution from the first step if the counter n+1 is not completed.
The protection and early warning program S105 compares the current voltage and current ratio of each electrolytic cell with a preset value, and considers the electrolytic cells to enter an aging state after exceeding the preset value, so as to send out an aging early warning fault in advance.
The pressure change rate of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is used for pre-warning the overpressure faults, and when the pressure change rate of the system exceeds a preset value and approaches to a pressure protection value, the pressure pre-warning faults are sent out in advance.
The temperature change rate of the hydrogen production system by electrolysis of water is used for early warning of overtemperature faults, and when the temperature change rate of the system exceeds a preset value and approaches to a temperature protection value, the temperature early warning faults are sent out in advance.
The protection and early warning module automatically executes the power reduction operation without stopping when the pressure early warning fault or the overtemperature early warning fault exists in the system.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily conceivable by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for power scheduling and distribution for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising:
setting and initializing electrolyzer efficiency curve data, control parameters, power generation parameters, hydrogen production electrolyzer parameters and constraint conditions;
acquiring power prediction data, electrolytic cell state information and power generation equipment data;
judging the data of the power generation equipment, judging the state of the power generation equipment, calculating the given power of the power generation equipment by taking maximum power generation as a control target if the power generation equipment is in a grid-connected state, and calculating the given power of the power generation equipment by taking power fluctuation meeting fluctuation requirements as the control target if the power generation equipment is in an off-grid state;
based on the state information of the electrolytic cells and the power prediction data, obtaining an electrolytic cell start-stop instruction, calculating given power of each electrolytic cell according to an efficiency optimal principle, and generating a heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction according to the state information of the electrolytic cells;
performing fault early warning and protection on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system according to the state information of the electrolytic tank;
issuing the given power of the power generation equipment, and issuing the starting and stopping instruction of the electrolytic cells, the given power of each electrolytic cell and the heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction;
the constraint conditions comprise the power change rate of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the minimum operation power and the maximum operation power of a single electrolytic tank, the starting time of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the power change rate of power generation equipment; wherein the control parameters comprise an electrolyzer power rate of change and PI regulator parameters; the power generation parameters comprise rated power of a power generation end and power regulation rate; the parameters of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell comprise the number of electrolytic tanks, the rated power of the electrolytic tank, the minimum operating power of the electrolytic tank and the maximum operating power of the electrolytic tank;
the process for acquiring the efficiency curve data of the electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining by reading a pre-stored or externally transmitted electrolytic tank efficiency curve file; or the efficiency data of each electrolytic tank control system in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is read for acquisition;
the process for acquiring the start-stop instruction of the electrolytic cell and the given power of the electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:
acquiring the start-stop state and the current power state of the electrolytic cell;
solving the maximum efficiency of each electrolytic cell according to the electrolytic cell efficiency curve;
judging whether the current power state deviates from the maximum efficiency and exceeds a preset threshold value and whether the time exceeds the preset threshold value continuously exceeds a preset time, if so, generating an electrolytic tank start-stop instruction to start a new electrolytic tank, otherwise, judging whether the current power state of the started electrolytic tank reaches the minimum running power, and if so, generating an electrolytic tank start-stop instruction to stop the electrolytic tank with the lowest current efficiency;
controlling the highest current power states of all the electrolytic cells according to the efficiency curve of the electrolytic cells;
the acquisition process of the heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, judging the start-stop state of an nth electrolytic cell;
step two, judging whether the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is met if the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is in a stop state, and executing the step one on the (n+1) th station if the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is not met, wherein the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control condition is that the stop time is less than the specified time and the temperature and the pressure are in a normal working state;
thirdly, if the heat preservation and pressure maintaining control conditions are met, generating a heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction to execute heat preservation and pressure maintaining control, and storing the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time of the current electrolytic tank, executing the first step on the n+1 electrolytic tanks;
fourth, judging whether all the electrolytic cells have executed the first step, if yes, ending, if not, executing the first step for n+1 electrolytic cells;
the process for carrying out fault early warning and protection on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:
carrying out numerical judgment on the current voltage and current ratio in the state information of the electrolytic cell, and generating an aging fault early warning according to the voltage and current judgment result;
the pressure change rate in the state information of the electrolytic tank is subjected to numerical judgment, and pressure fault early warning is generated according to the pressure judgment result;
carrying out numerical judgment on the temperature change rate in the state information of the electrolytic tank, and generating a temperature fault early warning according to the temperature judgment result;
when pressure early warning fault or temperature early warning fault occurs, adjusting power to operate so as to realize the protection of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
2. The apparatus corresponding to the power scheduling and distributing method based on the water electrolysis hydrogen production system as claimed in claim 1, comprising:
a power scheduling unit; the power dispatching unit is connected with a load power distribution unit, and the load power distribution unit is connected with an in-situ control array through a first router; wherein the in situ control array comprises a plurality of in situ controllers of the electrolytic cells;
the power scheduling and distributing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is executed by the power scheduling unit to generate an electrolytic tank start-stop instruction and a given power and heat preservation and pressure maintaining instruction of each electrolytic tank; the given power of each electrolytic cell is decomposed into power values of the electrolytic cells by a load distribution unit through an electrolytic cell power scheduling algorithm, and power generation and decomposition instructions are generated under an in-situ controller of each electrolytic cell in an in-situ control array according to the power values of the electrolytic cells;
the power scheduling unit is also connected with a second router;
the second router is respectively connected with a power prediction system, a wind power control unit and a photovoltaic power control unit; the wind power control unit is connected with a wind power generation system; the photovoltaic power control unit is connected with a photovoltaic power generation system;
the power scheduling and distributing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is executed through the power scheduling unit to generate given power of the power generation equipment, and the wind power control unit and the photovoltaic power control unit are used for controlling power output of the wind power system and the photovoltaic power generation system according to the given power of the power generation equipment.
3. The apparatus corresponding to the power scheduling and distribution method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 2, wherein:
the electrolytic tank adopts a remote IO module or a logic programmable controller, the number of the local controllers is the same as that of the electrolytic tanks of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the local controllers of the electrolytic tank are communicated with a power supply of the electrolytic tank, a power command for generating electricity and decomposing the tank is sent to the power supply of the electrolytic tank, and state information of the electrolytic tank is acquired; the temperature and pressure of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system are also controlled.
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| CN112290579A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-01-29 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Direct-current coupling off-grid hydrogen production system and control method thereof |
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| CN113279002A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-20 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Control method and system for multi-tank parallel electrolysis hydrogen production |
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