CN113277869A - Carbon-ceramic brake disc with wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Carbon-ceramic brake disc with wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113277869A
CN113277869A CN202110576617.8A CN202110576617A CN113277869A CN 113277869 A CN113277869 A CN 113277869A CN 202110576617 A CN202110576617 A CN 202110576617A CN 113277869 A CN113277869 A CN 113277869A
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carbon
resistant
composite material
brake disc
wear
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CN113277869B (en
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鲍思权
周娩红
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Hunan Shixin New Materials Co Ltd
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Hunan Shixin New Materials Co Ltd
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    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
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    • C04B41/81Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/02Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
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Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon-ceramic brake disc with a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, brushing coating slurry in the grooves on the upper surface until the grooves on the upper surface are filled with the coating slurry, then overturning the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, brushing coating slurry in the grooves on the lower surface until the grooves on the lower surface are filled with the coating slurry, obtaining the carbon/carbon composite material disc body containing the coating slurry, and sequentially carrying out curing, carbonizing and ceramic treatment to obtain the carbon ceramic brake disc. The wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating provided by the invention is simple in preparation process, easy to realize large-scale industrial mass production, bright and smooth in appearance, high in bonding strength between the coating and a disc body, easy and accurate in dimensional accuracy control, and capable of effectively solving the problem that the ceramic brake disc is prone to inaccurate in dimensional control during machining treatment.

Description

Carbon-ceramic brake disc with wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon-ceramic brake disc with a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of carbon-ceramic composite materials.
Background
In recent years, carbon fiber reinforced carbon-based and silicon carbide ceramic-based composite materials (carbon ceramics for short) can be widely applied to preparation of brake discs as high-performance friction materials in the field of new-generation braking due to excellent performances of wear resistance, light weight, high temperature resistance and the like.
However, the existing carbon-ceramic brake disc is usually siliconized by a high-temperature infiltration process for a carbon/carbon composite material (carbon fiber reinforced carbon-based composite material), and liquid silicon enters the carbon/carbon composite material from pores inside the carbon/carbon composite material and reacts with carbon groups in the carbon/carbon composite material to generate silicon carbide with excellent wear resistance. The non-uniform distribution of the generated silicon carbide can be caused by considering the non-uniform distribution of the pore size and the pore diameter in the carbon/carbon composite material. When the carbon ceramic brake disc is applied to the field of high-speed train braking, the temperature of the brake disc is increased rapidly (can reach a high temperature of over 1000 ℃) due to huge heat generated in the braking process, the part covered by the silicon carbide material on the surface of the carbon ceramic brake disc can bear high-temperature impact, but the carbon fiber or the carbon matrix which is not covered by the silicon carbide is easy to oxidize under a high-temperature condition, so that the carbon ceramic brake disc is shown to form a certain oxidation erosion pit, and the service life of the whole carbon ceramic brake disc and the stability of the braking performance are finally influenced.
In addition, in consideration of the characteristic that the carbon ceramic material is difficult to process, the processing procedure of the existing carbon ceramic brake disc generally comprises the steps of processing the carbon/carbon composite material to be approximately similar to the size (with a certain margin) according to the outline size of the brake disc before the carbon/carbon composite material is subjected to high-temperature infiltration process treatment, and then respectively performing high-temperature infiltration treatment and finish machining treatment. However, in the case of the carbon/carbon composite material, micro deformation of the size of the material is easy to occur after the high-temperature infiltration treatment, which easily causes that some areas are over-processed in the finishing treatment process and the size cannot meet the standard size requirement of the product.
Patent CN112253660A proposes a bondable wear-resistant coating for carbon ceramic brake disks, which is prepared by bonding a wear-resistant layer composed of silicon carbide, carbon powder, low-carbon resin and silicon powder with a carbon ceramic brake disk through high-temperature curing by using a bonding agent composed of low-carbon resin and alcohol. The anti-wear coating prepared by the technology is easy to be debonded from the carbon ceramic substrate under the condition of high brake energy load, particularly under the condition of high-speed high-energy load, the adhesive component cannot meet the requirement of tight bonding between the anti-wear coating and the carbon ceramic substrate through simple high-temperature curing, and the debonding risk is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a carbon-ceramic brake disc with a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a carbon-ceramic brake disc with a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps: grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, brushing coating slurry in the grooves on the upper surface until the grooves on the upper surface are filled with the coating slurry, then overturning the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, brushing coating slurry in the grooves on the lower surface until the grooves on the lower surface are filled with the coating slurry to obtain the carbon/carbon composite material disc body containing the coating slurry, and sequentially carrying out curing, carbonization and ceramic treatment to obtain the carbon ceramic brake disc;
the coating slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50 wt% of resin, 30-60 wt% of SiC powder and 0-10 wt% of Si powder.
According to the preparation method provided by the invention, coating slurry is coated on the basis of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, the carbon/carbon composite material disc body containing the coating slurry is subjected to curing and carbonization treatment respectively, and finally, in the ceramic treatment process, the synchronous ceramic treatment of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body and the slurry coating can be realized, meanwhile, the coating part and the carbon/carbon composite material disc body can be tightly combined into a whole, the bonding strength of the wear-resistant layer and the carbon ceramic substrate is obviously improved, and the debonding between the wear-resistant layer and the carbon ceramic substrate is effectively avoided.
In a preferred scheme, the density of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is 1.3g/cm3~1.5g/cm3The outer diameter of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is larger than the outer diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc by 1mm or more, preferably 1mm to 2mm, and the inner diameter of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is smaller than the inner diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc by 1mm or more, preferably 1mm to 2 mm.
Preferably, the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is made of carbon/carbon composite materials with the density of 0.45g/cm3~0.55g/cm3The carbon fiber preform is obtained by CVI deposition densification and/or impregnation densification.
In a preferable scheme, the outer diameters of grooves formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body are 0.5mm or more larger than the outer diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc, preferably 0.5mm to 1mm, the inner diameters of the grooves formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body are 0.5mm or more smaller than the inner diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc, preferably 0.5mm to 1mm, and the depths of the grooves are 1.2mm to 3.2 mm.
In a preferred scheme, the granularity of the SiC powder is less than or equal to 50 microns, and preferably 5-30 microns; the grain size of the Si powder is less than or equal to 50 mu m, and preferably 5 to 30 mu m.
In the actual operation process, slurry consisting of resin, silicon carbide and silicon powder is firstly brushed in a groove body on one surface (defined as an upper surface in the invention) of a carbon/carbon composite material disc body to ensure that the groove is filled with the slurry in a natural forming state, an iron block with the size larger than that of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is covered on the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, then the iron block and the carbon/carbon composite material are integrally rotated by 180 degrees in the vertical direction to ensure that the iron block is arranged at the lower side, the grooved surface (defined as a lower surface in the invention) on the other side of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body faces upwards, and then the slurry is brushed in the groove on the side to ensure that the groove is filled with the slurry in the natural forming state.
In a preferred scheme, the temperature of the curing treatment is 160-220 ℃, and the time of the curing treatment is 2-5 h.
In the preferred scheme, the temperature of the carbonization treatment is 800-1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h; the heating rate is less than or equal to 30 ℃/h, preferably 10-20 ℃/h; the cooling rate is less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preferably 20-40 ℃/h.
In the preferred scheme, a carbon/carbon composite material disc body containing coating slurry after carbonization is subjected to ceramic treatment by adopting a vapor deposition siliconizing process; the temperature of the silicon vapor deposition is 1500-1700 ℃, the time of the silicon vapor deposition is 1-3 h, and after the silicon vapor deposition is finished, the cooling rate is controlled to be less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preferably 40-70 ℃/h.
Further preferably, in the evaporation siliconizing process, the silicon powder is not in contact with the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, and the distance between the silicon powder and the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is not less than 100mm, preferably 100 mm-300 mm. At this distance, the final evaporation effect is optimal.
In the actual operation process, silicon powder is laid in a graphite crucible, then the carbonized slurry coating is placed in the graphite crucible, and the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is separated by a graphite cushion block with a certain height, so that the height of the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is more than or equal to 100mm, preferably 100-300 mm.
In the actual operation process, the carbon-ceramic brake disc is obtained by carrying out fine machining after ceramic treatment.
The invention also provides the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating prepared by the preparation method.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating provided by the invention has high bonding strength with a carbon ceramic matrix, the bonding strength can reach more than 30MPa, the braking requirement of the existing high-speed train in the high-speed running process can be sufficiently met, the coating has uniform components, high wear-resistant strength and uniform friction performance, and the problem that a common carbon ceramic brake disc is easily oxidized at high temperature can be effectively solved.
2. The invention provides a method for grooving a carbon/carbon composite material disc body and then coating a slurry coating in the groove, which can solve the problem that the coating thickness is not uniform due to easy overflow after the slurry coating is carried out, and can flexibly control the thickness of the coating by controlling the depth of the groove on the premise of not influencing the integral thickness of the disc body.
3. The invention provides a method for preparing a compact coating with fine and uniform cracks on the surface by carrying out high-temperature ceramic treatment on a carbonized carbon/carbon composite material disc body coated with slurry by adopting a silicon evaporation and siliconizing process, which can better control the rate of silicon entering the coating and the inside of the carbon/carbon composite material and uniformly fill each pore in the material.
In addition, the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating provided by the invention is simple in preparation process, large-scale industrial mass production is easy to realize, meanwhile, the coating is bright and smooth in appearance, the dimensional accuracy is easy to accurately control, and the problem that the ceramic brake disc is prone to inaccurate dimensional control during machining treatment can be effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a slurry coated carbon/carbon composite disk;
in the figure, 11, 12 carbon/carbon composite material disks, 12, I, 13 brush slurry coatings and II;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a carbon ceramic brake disc having a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating;
in the figure, 21, a vent hole, 22, wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coatings I and 23, a vent groove, 24, a carbon ceramic brake disc body, 25 and a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating II are shown.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Step 1: preparation of carbon fiber preform disk
Selecting a non-woven fabric and a net-shaped tire layer made of carbon fiber with the mark number of T700, laying the non-woven fabric and the net-shaped tire layer in a stacking mode of net-shaped tire layer/0-degree non-woven fabric/net-shaped tire layer/90-degree non-woven fabric, and needling along the direction vertical to the stacking layer surface to finally obtain the non-woven fabric and the net-shaped tire layer with the density of 0.45g/cm3Then according to the size contour of the carbon ceramic plate to be prepared, the carbon fiber preform plate is prepared from the carbon fiber preform plateDrawing a carbon fiber prefabricated body disc body with the outer diameter 1mm wider than the size of the carbon ceramic disc to be prepared and the inner diameter 1mm smaller than the size of the carbon ceramic disc to be prepared;
step 2: densification of carbon fiber preform disk body
Densifying the carbon fiber preform disc prepared in the step 1 by adopting a CVI deposition mode, wherein the selected gas source is propylene, and finally obtaining the carbon fiber preform disc with the density of 1.3g/cm3A carbon/carbon composite disk body;
and step 3: machining process
And (3) grinding and polishing the carbon/carbon composite material disc body prepared in the step (2), and grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc body, wherein the outer diameter of the groove is 0.5mm larger than the actual outer diameter of the carbon ceramic disc, the inner diameter of the groove is 0.5mm smaller than the actual inner diameter of the carbon ceramic disc, and the depth of the groove is 1.2 mm.
And 4, step 4: brushing of slurries
Selecting three components of furan resin, SiC powder with the granularity of 5 mu m and Si powder with the granularity of 30 mu m, wherein the mass ratio of the three components is 30 percent: 60%: 10 percent of slurry is prepared according to the proportion and is stirred evenly, then the slurry is firstly brushed in the slotted hole on one side of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body with the slotted holes on the two sides until the slurry is naturally formed and the whole slotted hole can be filled, a flat iron block with the size larger than that of the disc body is covered, then the disc body and the flat iron block which are brushed with the slurry are rotated 180 degrees along the vertical direction, then the slurry is continuously brushed in the slotted hole on the other side of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, and the slotted hole is cooled down and filled in the slurry natural forming state and is solidified for 5 hours at the temperature of 160 ℃.
And 5: carbonization treatment
And (4) carbonizing the carbon/carbon composite material disc body with the slurry coating coated on the two sides after the curing in the step (4), wherein the temperature of the carbonizing treatment is 800 ℃, the processing time is 4 hours, the temperature rising rate in the carbonizing treatment process is 20 ℃/h, and the temperature lowering rate after the carbonizing treatment is finished is 40 ℃/h.
Step 6: high temperature ceramization process
And (5) putting the carbon/carbon composite material disc body which is subjected to the carbonization treatment and is coated with the slurry coating on the two sides into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for high-temperature ceramic treatment, wherein the ceramic treatment is carried out in a high-temperature evaporation siliconizing mode, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly, sufficient silicon powder is laid in a graphite crucible, then a carbonized carbon/carbon composite material disc body coated with a slurry coating is placed in the graphite crucible, the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is separated by a graphite cushion block with a certain height, the height of the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is ensured to be 100mm, the temperature of evaporation siliconizing is 1500 ℃, the time of evaporation siliconizing is 3 hours, and after the evaporation siliconizing treatment is finished, the cooling rate of a furnace is controlled to be 40 ℃/h.
And 7: machining process
And (3) performing finish machining treatment on the carbon/carbon composite material disc body which is subjected to the high-temperature ceramic treatment in the step (6) and is coated with the slurry coating on the two sides according to the actual size of the carbon ceramic disc, and finally obtaining a coating, as shown in the figure 2, of which the upper surface and the lower surface are bonded with a composite ceramic layer consisting of silicon carbide and silicon, wherein the composite ceramic layer has excellent wear resistance and oxidation resistance, namely the carbon ceramic brake disc with the wear resistance and oxidation resistance coating can be obtained.
Comparative example 1
A carbon ceramic brake disc having wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating, which was prepared as in example 1, except that in comparative example 1, the grooving process for the carbon/carbon preform disc in step 3, the brush coating process in step 4, and the carbonizing process in step 5 of example 1 were omitted, and the other preparation steps were identical to the preparation conditions as in example 1.
Example 2
Step 1: preparation of carbon fiber preform disk
Selecting a non-woven fabric and a net-shaped tire layer made of carbon fiber with the mark number of T700, laying the non-woven fabric and the net-shaped tire layer in a stacking mode of net-shaped tire layer/0-degree non-woven fabric/net-shaped tire layer/90-degree non-woven fabric, and needling along the direction vertical to the stacking layer surface to finally obtain the non-woven fabric and the net-shaped tire layer with the density of 0.55g/cm3Then drawing out the carbon ceramic plate with the outer diameter 2mm wider than the carbon ceramic plate required to be prepared and the inner diameter 2mm wider than the carbon ceramic plate required to be prepared from the carbon fiber prefabricated plate according to the size profile of the carbon ceramic plate required to be preparedThe carbon fiber prefabricated body disc body with the size of 2mm smaller than the carbon ceramic disc required to be prepared;
step 2: densification of carbon fiber preform disk body
Adopting a densification mode combining two modes of impregnation and CVI deposition, firstly impregnating and carbonizing the carbon fiber preform disk body prepared in the step 1 by adopting furan resin, then carrying out CVI deposition densification, wherein the selected gas source is propylene, and finally obtaining the carbon fiber preform disk body with the density of 1.5g/cm3A carbon/carbon composite disk body;
and step 3: machining process
And (3) grinding and polishing the carbon/carbon composite material disc body prepared in the step (2), and grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc body, wherein the outer diameter of the groove is 1mm larger than the actual outer diameter of the carbon ceramic disc, the inner diameter of the groove is 1mm smaller than the actual inner diameter of the carbon ceramic disc, and the depth of the groove is 3.2 mm.
And 4, step 4: brushing of slurries
Selecting three components of furan resin, SiC powder with the granularity of 30 mu m and Si powder with the granularity of 5 mu m, wherein the mass ratio of the three components is 50%: 45%: 5 percent, preparing slurry according to the proportion, uniformly stirring, brushing the slurry in the slotted hole on one side of a carbon/carbon composite material disc body with slots on two sides until the slurry is naturally formed to fill the whole slotted hole, covering a flat iron block with the size larger than that of the disc body, rotating the disc body and the flat iron block which are brushed with the slurry for 180 degrees along the vertical direction, continuously brushing the slurry in the slotted hole on the other side of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, and curing for 2 hours at the temperature of 220 ℃ after the slotted hole is lowered and filled in the slurry natural forming state.
And 5: carbonization treatment
And (4) carbonizing the carbon/carbon composite material disc body with the slurry coating coated on the two sides after the curing in the step (4), wherein the temperature of the carbonizing treatment is 1000 ℃, and the processing time is 2 hours, the temperature rise rate in the carbonizing treatment process is 10 ℃/h, and the temperature drop rate after the carbonizing treatment is finished is 20 ℃/h.
Step 6: high temperature ceramization process
And (5) putting the carbon/carbon composite material disc body which is subjected to the carbonization treatment and is coated with the slurry coating on the two sides into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for high-temperature ceramic treatment, wherein the ceramic treatment is carried out in a high-temperature evaporation siliconizing mode, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly, sufficient silicon powder is laid in a graphite crucible, then a carbonized carbon/carbon composite material disc body coated with a slurry coating is placed in the graphite crucible, the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is separated by a graphite cushion block with a certain height, the height of the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is 300mm, the temperature of evaporation siliconizing is 1700 ℃, the time of evaporation siliconizing is 1 hour, and after the evaporation siliconizing treatment is finished, the cooling rate of a furnace is controlled to be 70 ℃/h.
And 7: machining process
And (3) performing finish machining treatment on the carbon/carbon composite material disc body which is subjected to the high-temperature ceramic treatment in the step (6) and is coated with the slurry coating on the two sides according to the actual size of the carbon ceramic disc, and finally obtaining a coating, as shown in the figure 2, of which the upper surface and the lower surface are bonded with a composite ceramic layer consisting of silicon carbide and silicon, wherein the composite ceramic layer has excellent wear resistance and oxidation resistance, namely the carbon ceramic brake disc with the wear resistance and oxidation resistance coating can be obtained.
Comparative example 2
A carbon-ceramic brake disc with a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating, which was prepared according to example 2, except that in comparative example 2, the high-temperature ceramization treatment in step 6 of example 2 was omitted, and the ceramization was performed by a high-temperature infiltration reaction method (RMI method), that is: before RMI infiltration reaction, silicon powder is firstly paved in a crucible, one surface of a carbon/carbon composite material disc body coated with a slurry coating is firstly contacted with the silicon powder, the other surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is not directly contacted with the silicon powder, and then high-temperature ceramic treatment is carried out according to normal preparation conditions, wherein the preparation steps are the same as those in example 2.
Example 3
Step 1: preparation of carbon fiber preform disk
Selecting a non-woven fabric and a net tire layer made of carbon fiber with the mark number of T700, laying the non-woven fabric and the net tire layer in a stacking mode of net tire layer/0 degree non-woven fabric/net tire layer/90 degree non-woven fabric, and then stacking the non-woven fabric and the net tire layer along the direction vertical to the stacking layer surfaceNeedling to obtain final density of 0.50g/cm3Then drawing a carbon fiber prefabricated body plate with the outer diameter 1.5mm wider than the size of the carbon ceramic disc to be prepared and the inner diameter 1.5mm smaller than the size of the carbon ceramic disc to be prepared from the carbon fiber prefabricated body plate according to the size profile of the carbon ceramic disc to be prepared;
step 2: densification of carbon fiber preform disk body
Adopting a densification mode combining two modes of impregnation and CVI deposition, firstly adopting furan resin to perform impregnation and carbonization treatment on the carbon fiber preform disk body prepared in the step 1, then performing CVI deposition densification, wherein the selected gas source is propylene, and finally obtaining the carbon fiber preform disk body with the density of 1.4g/cm3A carbon/carbon composite disk body;
and step 3: machining process
And (3) grinding and polishing the carbon/carbon composite material disc body prepared in the step (2), and grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc body, wherein the outer diameter of the groove is 0.8mm larger than the actual outer diameter of the carbon ceramic disc, the inner diameter of the groove is 0.8mm smaller than the actual inner diameter of the carbon ceramic disc, and the depth of the groove is 2 mm.
And 4, step 4: brushing of slurries
Selecting two components of furan resin and SiC powder with the granularity of 15 mu m, wherein the mass ratio of the two components is 40%: 60 percent of slurry is prepared according to the proportion and is stirred evenly, then the slurry is firstly brushed in the slotted hole on one side of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body with the slotted holes on the two sides until the slurry is naturally formed and the whole slotted hole can be filled, a flat iron block with the size larger than that of the disc body is covered, then the disc body brushed with the slurry and the flat iron block are rotated 180 degrees along the vertical direction, then the slurry is continuously brushed in the slotted hole on the other side of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, and the slotted hole is cooled down and filled in the slurry natural forming state and is solidified for 3.5 hours at the temperature of 190 ℃.
And 5: carbonization treatment
And (4) carbonizing the carbon/carbon composite material disc body with the slurry coating coated on the two sides after the curing in the step (4), wherein the temperature of the carbonizing treatment is 900 ℃, the processing time is 3 hours, the temperature rising rate in the carbonizing treatment process is 15 ℃/h, and the temperature lowering rate after the carbonizing treatment is finished is 30 ℃/h.
Step 6: high temperature ceramization process
And (5) putting the carbon/carbon composite material disc body which is subjected to the carbonization treatment and is coated with the slurry coating on the two sides into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for high-temperature ceramic treatment, wherein the ceramic treatment is carried out in a high-temperature evaporation siliconizing mode, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly, sufficient silicon powder is laid in a graphite crucible, then a carbonized carbon/carbon composite material disc body coated with a slurry coating is placed in the graphite crucible, the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is separated by a graphite cushion block with a certain height, the height of the interface of the disc body and the silicon powder is ensured to be 200mm, the temperature of evaporation siliconizing is 1600 ℃, the time of evaporation siliconizing is 1.5 hours, and after the evaporation siliconizing treatment is finished, the cooling rate of a furnace is controlled to be 55 ℃/h.
And 7: machining process
And (3) performing finish machining treatment on the carbon/carbon composite material disc body which is subjected to the high-temperature ceramic treatment in the step (6) and is coated with the slurry coating on the two sides according to the actual size of the carbon ceramic disc, and finally obtaining a coating, as shown in the figure 2, of which the upper surface and the lower surface are bonded with a composite ceramic layer consisting of silicon carbide and silicon, wherein the composite ceramic layer has excellent wear resistance and oxidation resistance, namely the carbon ceramic brake disc with the wear resistance and oxidation resistance coating can be obtained.
The carbon ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating obtained in the above examples and comparative examples was subjected to a static air oxidation test (standing in air at 700 ℃ for 12 hours), and the weight changes before and after the material; the shear strength between the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating and the carbon ceramic substrate; and AK-master wear performance test analysis (performance evaluation of dynamic friction coefficient and wear rate) was performed, and the specifically obtained test data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003084551960000091
As can be seen from the experimental data obtained in table 1: firstly, the shear strength between the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating prepared by the method and the carbon ceramic matrix is more than 30MPa, and the shear strength between the layers in the conventional common carbon ceramic matrix is more than 15 MPa-25 MPa, so that the bonding strength between the coating and the carbon ceramic is enough to meet the use requirement; then, from the results of static air oxidation test, the oxidation resistance of the carbon ceramic substrate with the coating is obviously better than that of the carbon ceramic substrate without the coating, however, the oxidation weight loss rate of the carbon ceramic substrate with the coating is obviously higher than that of the carbon ceramic substrate with the coating of the comparative example 2, and the main reasons are as follows: compared with the coating prepared by siliconizing by evaporation, the coating prepared by the method has wider crack width, so that oxygen in the air can enter the carbon ceramic matrix through a region with wider cracks to cause the oxidation of carbon fibers or matrix carbon in the static air oxidation test process, and the coating prepared by the siliconizing by evaporation has better oxidation resistance; regarding the AK-master friction performance test conditions, it can be seen from the wear rates of example 1 and comparative example 1 that the wear rates of the coated carbon-ceramic brake discs are 10 times different than those of the uncoated carbon-ceramic brake discs, that is: the coating prepared by the invention has excellent wear resistance, and can remarkably improve the wear resistance of the carbon ceramic brake disc; in addition, as can be seen from table 1, the dynamic friction coefficients of the carbon ceramic brake disc with the coating are all in the range of 0.40-0.42, the difference between the dynamic friction coefficients of the carbon ceramic brake disc with the coating and the dynamic friction coefficients of the carbon ceramic brake disc with the coating is not large, the dynamic friction coefficients in the range are in a relatively comfortable brake coefficient range, and the performance requirements of a user on braking can be well met.
The carbon ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating is specifically described above, and can be applied to the field of automobile or rail transit braking, but the invention is not limited by the content of the above-described specific embodiments, so any improvements, equivalent modifications, substitutions and the like performed according to the technical gist of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a carbon-ceramic brake disc with a wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, firstly brushing coating slurry in the grooves on the upper surface until the grooves on the upper surface are filled with the coating slurry, then overturning the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, brushing coating slurry in the grooves on the lower surface until the grooves on the lower surface are filled with the coating slurry to obtain the carbon/carbon composite material disc body containing the coating slurry, and sequentially carrying out curing, carbonization and ceramic treatment to obtain the carbon ceramic brake disc;
the coating slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50 wt% of resin, 30-60 wt% of SiC powder and 0-10 wt% of Si powder.
2. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the density of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is 1.3g/cm3~1.5g/cm3The outer diameter of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is larger than the outer diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc by 1mm or more, and the inner diameter of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is smaller than the inner diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc by 1mm or more.
3. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the density of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is 0.45g/cm3~0.55g/cm3The carbon fiber preform is obtained by CVI deposition densification and/or resin impregnation densification.
4. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the outer diameters of grooves formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body are larger than the outer diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc by 0.5mm and above, the inner diameters of the grooves formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon/carbon composite material disc body are smaller than the inner diameter of the carbon ceramic brake disc by 0.5mm and above, and the depths of the grooves are 1.2 mm-3.2 mm.
5. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the granularity of the SiC powder is less than or equal to 50 mu m, and the granularity of the Si powder is less than or equal to 50 mu m.
6. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature of the curing treatment is 160-220 ℃, and the time of the curing treatment is 2-5 h.
7. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature of the carbonization treatment is 800-1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h; the heating rate is less than or equal to 30 ℃/h, and the cooling rate is less than or equal to 60 ℃/h.
8. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out ceramic treatment on the carbonized carbon/carbon composite material disc body containing the coating slurry by adopting a silicon-impregnation evaporation process; the temperature of the evaporation siliconizing is 1500-1700 ℃, the time of the evaporation siliconizing is 1-3 h, and after the evaporation siliconizing is finished, the cooling rate is controlled to be less than or equal to 80 ℃/h.
9. The preparation method of the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating according to claim 8, wherein the carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating comprises the following steps: in the evaporation siliconizing process, the silicon powder is not in contact with the carbon/carbon composite material disc body, and the distance between the silicon powder and the carbon/carbon composite material disc body is more than or equal to 100 mm.
10. The carbon-ceramic brake disc with the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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