CN113275987A

CN113275987A - Device for polishing large-scale shaft workpiece by using common horizontal lathe

Info

Publication number: CN113275987A
Application number: CN202110686073.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪维维; 罗洋; 王慈公; 张明
Original assignee: Shigang Jingcheng Equipment Development And Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Shigang Jingcheng Equipment Development And Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-21
Filing date: 2021-06-21
Publication date: 2021-08-20

Abstract

The utility model provides a device that ordinary horizontal lathe carries out polishing to large-scale axle type work piece, belongs to machine tool machining equipment technical field for carry out polishing to large-scale beam barrel type work piece. The technical scheme is as follows: the base plate is connected with a slide box of a common lathe, the motor is fixed on the base plate, the motor shaft is connected with the driving belt wheel, the lower part of the supporting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the base plate through a bolt, the upper part of the supporting rod is positioned on the outer side of a lathe workpiece, the front end of the upper part of the supporting rod is provided with the driven belt wheel, the polishing abrasive belt is sleeved on the circumferences of the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel, and the polishing abrasive belt is opposite to the outer circumference of the workpiece. The invention can utilize the common lathe to realize flexible polishing feeding to the polishing surfaces with different roll diameters in the axial direction and the radial direction, improves the surface finish of a workpiece, has the advantages of simple operation, stable operation, large polishing area, high polishing efficiency and the like, can ensure that the weight of a polishing product is more than five tons, has the polishing efficiency 5-10 times that of manual operation, and reduces the grinding cost by more than half.

Description

Device for polishing large-scale shaft workpiece by using common horizontal lathe

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for automatically polishing large-scale shaft roller type rotating workpieces machined on a common horizontal lathe, belonging to the technical field of machine tool machining equipment.

Background

In the machining and manufacturing process, rotating workpieces such as multiple shafts, rollers, sleeves and the like can be turned on a common horizontal lathe, and the turned workpieces can reduce the machining cost to a great extent, so that the machine tool is widely used. If these workpieces are to be machined to a high degree of dimensional and surface accuracy, grinding is usually performed on grinding machines, which are high precision machines that are very expensive and inefficient.

At present, a considerable number of shaft workpieces exist in the production and manufacturing process, wherein the size requirement of some shaft workpieces is not high, but the surface requirement is smooth. Also, inspection of the surface is required in some intermediate processes, such as finishing, and therefore a relatively high finish is required on the workpiece surface for accurate detection, and in addition, many rusted workpieces require extensive polishing and rust removal. The traditional solution is realized by transferring workpieces to a grinding machine, the smaller workpieces are also directly polished manually by an operator on a horizontal lathe, after transferring the larger workpieces (more than 2000 Kg), when high-precision machining equipment is occupied, the machining cost is increased, meanwhile, certain hoisting and transporting cost is generated, and the secondary workpiece clamping is needed, so that the construction period is prolonged, and the efficiency is low.

Chinese patent No. CN 207415041U discloses a polishing device based on a numerically controlled lathe, which is a device for polishing the outer circle of shaft parts of an automobile gearbox by using the numerically controlled lathe, the structure of the device is composed of three wheels, a recovery wheel is used to control the stability of a polishing belt, the side surface of the polishing belt is provided with a flange, and the polishing work is completed under a fixed program. The polishing device has the defects that the polishing object is an automobile shaft, the polished workpiece is small, the weight is generally less than dozens of kilograms, and the polishing device cannot polish large workpieces, so that the application range of the polishing device is limited.

In view of the defect that the large-sized shaft roller workpiece machined by the common lathe at present is difficult to polish with high precision on the machining lathe, it is necessary to develop a device capable of polishing the large-sized shaft roller workpiece by using the common lathe so as to improve the production efficiency and save the machining cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a device for polishing large-scale shaft workpieces by using a common horizontal lathe, which can be quickly and conveniently arranged on the horizontal lathe, so that the lathe can continuously grind and polish the workpieces after finishing a normal turning process, the surface finish of the workpieces is improved, the process of polishing other equipment such as a grinding machine and the like is omitted, the processing efficiency can be greatly improved, and the processing cost is reduced.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the utility model provides a device that ordinary horizontal lathe carries out polishing to large-scale axle type work piece, it includes the bottom plate, including a motor, an end cap, a controller, and a cover plate, the motor, driving pulley, the bracing piece, driven pulley, polishing abrasive band, the bottom plate is connected with the slide box of ordinary lathe, the motor is fixed on the bottom plate, the axial of motor shaft is parallel with the length direction of lathe, the motor shaft is connected with driving pulley, the lower part of bracing piece passes through connecting bolt fixed connection in one side of bottom plate, the length direction of bracing piece is perpendicular with the axial of motor shaft, the upper portion of bracing piece is located the outside of lathe work piece, the upper portion front end of bracing piece has the shaft hole perpendicular with bracing piece length direction, driven pulley's band pulley shaft fixed mounting is in the shaft hole, driven pulley's center and the axial center of work piece are on same horizontal plane, polishing abrasive band suit is on driving pulley and driven pulley's circumference.

The device for polishing the large shaft workpieces by the aid of the common horizontal lathe is characterized in that a lathe mounting hole is formed in the bottom plate, the lathe mounting hole is opposite to a tool rest mounting hole in a lathe sliding box, the bottom plate is connected with the lathe sliding box through the lathe mounting hole by a bolt, a motor mounting hole is formed in the bottom plate, the motor base is connected with the bottom plate through the motor mounting hole by the bolt, the motor mounting hole is a long hole, a jackscrew hole is formed in one side of the bottom plate, and the jackscrew penetrates through the jackscrew hole to be opposite to the side face of the motor base.

According to the device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpiece by the common horizontal lathe, the driving belt wheel is a flat cylinder, a shaft hole is formed in the center of the flat cylinder of the driving belt wheel, and a motor shaft penetrates through the shaft hole of the driving belt wheel and is connected through a flat key.

Above-mentioned ordinary horizontal lathe carries out the device that polishes to large-scale axle type work piece, the bracing piece comprises entablature, sheer pole and down tube, and entablature and sheer pole are parallel, and the rear end of entablature is relative with the front end of sheer pole, and the down tube is connected between entablature and sheer pole, and the side of sheer pole has two bottom plate connecting holes relative with the side of bottom plate, and the bottom plate connecting hole is the slot hole along the horizontal direction, and connecting bolt passes the bottom plate connecting hole with the sheer pole and the bottom plate fixed connection of bracing piece, and the front end of entablature has the shaft hole of connecting driven pulleys.

The device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpiece by the common horizontal lathe is characterized in that the driven belt wheel consists of a belt wheel sleeve, a belt wheel shaft, a bearing, a spacer bush, a left gland, a right gland and a screw rod, the belt wheel sleeve is an oblate cylinder, the belt wheel shaft, the bearing and the spacer bush are arranged in an inner hole of the belt wheel sleeve, one end of the belt wheel shaft is connected with a shaft hole at the front end of an upper cross rod of a support rod, two parallel bearings are sleeved on the belt wheel shaft, the spacer bush is arranged between the two bearings, the inner hole wall of the belt wheel sleeve is connected with an outer ring of the bearing in a matched mode, an inner ring of the bearing is in running fit with the belt wheel shaft, screw rod holes are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the belt wheel sleeve, the screw rod holes are parallel to the axial direction of the belt wheel sleeve, the left gland and the right gland are respectively arranged on two end faces of the, The right gland is connected with the belt wheel sleeve.

According to the device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpieces by the common horizontal lathe, the peripheral diameters of the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel are respectively and symmetrically reduced from the middle to the two ends, the peripheral circumferential surfaces of the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel are arc-shaped, and the outer circumferential surface of the driven belt wheel is covered with the elastic material layer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the bottom plate of the invention is connected with the lathe sliding box and can move back and forth along with the sliding box; the motor is arranged on the bottom plate, the motor drives the driven belt wheel to rotate through the driving belt wheel, the polishing abrasive belt is sleeved on the circumferences of the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel, and the wheel track of the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel can be adjusted, so that the polishing abrasive belt is convenient to replace; the front end of the polishing abrasive belt is opposite to the workpiece, the motor can drive the polishing abrasive belt to perform polishing operation on the large workpiece, the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel are in spindle-shaped design, the polishing abrasive belt is uniformly contacted with the workpiece, the utilization rate of the polishing abrasive belt is high, and automatic deviation correction can be performed in the operation process.

The invention can utilize the sliding plate box of the common lathe to realize flexible polishing feeding to the polishing surfaces with different roll diameters in the axial direction and the radial direction, and has the advantages of high power, high rotating speed, simple operation, stable operation, large polishing area, high polishing efficiency and the like, the weight of a polishing product can be more than five tons and is usually about dozens of tons, the polishing efficiency is 5-10 times of that of manual operation, the size and the shape of a workpiece can be ensured to the maximum extent, the lathe can continue to grind and polish the workpiece after completing the normal turning process, the surface finish of the workpiece is improved, the process of polishing other equipment such as a grinding machine and the like is omitted, the processing working efficiency can be greatly improved, and the grinding cost is reduced by more than half.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the driving pulley;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the driven pulley;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a pulley sleeve of a driven pulley.

The figures are labeled as follows: the polishing device comprises a bottom plate 1, a motor 2, a motor shaft 3, a driving belt wheel 4, a support rod 5, a driven belt wheel 6, a polishing abrasive belt 7, a flat key 8, a jackscrew 9, a connecting bolt 10, a belt wheel sleeve 11, a belt wheel shaft 12, a bearing 13, a spacer bush 14, a left gland 15, a right gland 16, a screw rod 17, a screw rod hole 18 and an elastic material layer 19.

Detailed Description

The invention is composed of a bottom plate 1, a motor 2, a driving belt wheel 4, a support rod 5, a driven belt wheel 6 and a polishing abrasive belt 7.

The polishing device replaces a tool rest of the common horizontal lathe by utilizing an original slide plate box of the common horizontal lathe, and the polishing abrasive belt runs at a high speed to finish polishing and grinding the workpiece. A bottom plate 1 of the lathe slide box is connected with a slide box of a common lathe, a lathe mounting hole is formed in the bottom plate 1 and is opposite to a tool rest mounting hole in the lathe slide box, and a bolt is used for connecting the bottom plate 1 with the lathe slide box through the lathe mounting hole.

Fig. 1 and 2 show that the overall structure of the invention is as follows: the motor 2 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 1, the axial direction of the motor shaft is parallel to the length direction of the lathe, the motor shaft 3 is connected with the driving belt wheel 4, the lower portion of the supporting rod 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom plate 1 through a connecting bolt 10, the length direction of the supporting rod 5 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor shaft 3, the upper portion of the supporting rod 5 is located on the outer side of a lathe workpiece, a shaft hole perpendicular to the length direction of the supporting rod 5 is formed in the front end of the upper portion of the supporting rod 5, a belt wheel shaft 12 of the driven belt wheel 6 is fixedly installed in the shaft hole, the center of the driven belt wheel 6 and the axial center of the workpiece are located on the same horizontal plane, and the polishing abrasive belt 7 is sleeved on the circumferences of the driving belt wheel 4 and the driven belt wheel 6. The motor 2 drives the polishing abrasive belt 7 to run at a high speed through the driving belt wheel 4 and the driven belt wheel 6, and the polishing abrasive belt 7 finishes polishing and grinding of the workpiece.

Fig. 1 and 2 show that there is the motor mounting hole on the bottom plate 1, and the bolt is connected the motor cabinet with bottom plate 1 through the motor mounting hole, and the motor mounting hole is the slot hole, and there is the jackscrew hole one side of bottom plate 1, and jackscrew 9 passes the jackscrew hole and is relative with the motor cabinet side, and jackscrew 9 is used for finely tuning the position of motor 2.

Fig. 1, 2 and 3 show that the driving pulley 4 is a flat cylinder, a shaft hole is formed in the center of the flat cylinder of the driving pulley 4, a flat key groove is formed in the shaft hole of the driving pulley 4, a corresponding flat key groove is formed in the shaft end of the motor shaft 3, the driving pulley 4 is connected with the motor shaft 3 through the flat key 8, and the motor shaft 3 drives the driving pulley 4 to rotate.

Fig. 1 and 2 show that the support rod 5 is composed of an upper cross rod, a lower cross rod and an inclined rod, the upper cross rod is parallel to the lower cross rod, the rear end of the upper cross rod is opposite to the front end of the lower cross rod, and the inclined rod is connected between the upper cross rod and the lower cross rod. The side of sheer pole has two bottom plate connecting holes opposite with the side of bottom plate 1, and the bottom plate connecting hole is the slot hole along the horizontal direction, and connecting bolt 10 passes the bottom plate connecting hole with the sheer pole and bottom plate 1 fixed connection of bracing piece 5, and there is the shaft hole of connecting driven pulley 6 at the front end of last horizontal pole. The distance between the driving pulley 4 and the driven pulley 6 can be adjusted through the long hole of the bottom plate connecting hole so as to adjust the tension degree of the polishing abrasive belt 7.

Fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5 show that the driven pulley 6 is composed of a pulley sleeve 11, a pulley shaft 12, a bearing 13, a spacer 14, a left gland 15, a right gland 16 and a screw 17.

The belt wheel sleeve 11 is a flat cylinder, and a belt wheel shaft 12, a bearing 13 and a spacer 14 are arranged in an inner hole of the belt wheel sleeve 11. One end of a pulley shaft 12 is connected with a shaft hole at the front end of an upper transverse rod of the support rod 5, two parallel bearings 13 are sleeved on the pulley shaft 12, a spacer bush 14 is arranged between the two bearings 13, the inner hole wall of the pulley sleeve 11 is in matched connection with the outer ring of the bearing, and the inner ring of the bearing is in running fit with the pulley shaft 12.

The opposite two sides of the belt wheel sleeve 11 are respectively provided with a screw hole 18, the screw holes 18 are parallel to the axial direction of the belt wheel sleeve 11, a left gland 15 and a right gland 16 are respectively arranged on the two end surfaces of the belt wheel sleeve 11, connecting holes are respectively arranged on the left gland 15 and the right gland 16 and correspond to the screw holes 18, and the two screws 17 are respectively used for connecting the left gland 15 and the right gland 16 with the belt wheel sleeve 11 through the connecting holes and the screw holes 18. The left and

right glands

15 and 16 function to fix the axial position of the bearing 13 and have a dust-proof function.

Fig. 3 and 5 show that the diameters of the outer peripheries of the driving pulley 4 and the driven pulley 6 are symmetrically reduced from the middle to both ends, respectively, to form a spindle shape, so that the outer peripheral circumferential surfaces of the driving pulley 4 and the driven pulley 6 are circular arc-shaped. In the polishing process, due to the friction action between the polishing abrasive belt 7 and a workpiece, the polishing abrasive belt 7 can be deviated, and by adopting the spindle-shaped driving belt wheel 4 and the spindle-shaped driven belt wheel 6, the polishing abrasive belt 7 can be automatically deviated on the premise of no other constraint devices, returns to the central position of the polishing belt wheel 6 and continues to normally rotate, so that the polishing abrasive belt 7 is prevented from falling off in the process of working.

Fig. 4 and 5 show that the outer circumferential surface of the driven pulley 6 is covered with an elastic material layer 19, the elastic material layer 19 according to an embodiment of the present invention is made of polyurethane, and the elastic material layer 19 can make the polishing abrasive belt 7 operate smoothly, effectively reduce the impact on the workpiece during the polishing process, and thus can maintain the shape and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece to the maximum extent.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

the shaft workpiece is clamped on a common horizontal lathe or can be directly polished after turning.

Firstly, a bottom plate 1 is arranged on a sliding plate box of a common horizontal lathe, a support rod 5 is approximately vertical to the central line of a workpiece, a connecting bolt 10 of the support rod 5 and the bottom plate 1 is slightly loosened, a feed handle of the sliding plate box is rotated to enable a polishing abrasive belt 7 at the front end of a driven belt wheel 6 to contact the surface of the workpiece, the parallelism between the center of the driven belt wheel 6 and the center of the workpiece is adjusted through a jackscrew 9, and after the adjustment is finished, the connecting bolts 10 of a motor 2 and the bottom plate 1 are screwed one by one to finish the connection fixation and adjustment with the common.

Screwing out a sliding plate box of a common horizontal lathe to enable the distance between the polishing abrasive belt 7 and the outer surface of the workpiece to be about 1-3mm, starting a feeding box of the horizontal lathe back and forth, checking to find the maximum outer circle position of the workpiece, switching on a power supply of a motor 2, driving a driving belt wheel 4 to drive a driven belt wheel 6 to rotate through the polishing abrasive belt 7, enabling the polishing abrasive belt 7 to approach the outer surface of the workpiece gradually until polishing sparks appear, and then axially moving the polishing abrasive belt 7 through the sliding plate box of the lathe to finish polishing the diameter surface of the workpiece.

One embodiment of the invention is as follows:

the length of the bottom plate 1 is 515mm, the width is 426mm, and the height is 40 mm;

the motor power of the motor 2 is 4KW, the rated rotating speed is 2880r/min, the diameter of the driving wheel is 0.16m, and the grinding speed v =2880r/min and 0.16 pi m/r =1446 m/min;

the diameter of the driving pulley 4 is 160mm, and the thickness is 80 mm;

the diameter of the support rod 5 is 45mm, and the length is 448 mm;

the circumference of the polishing abrasive belt 7 is 1250mm, the width is 80mm, and the granularity is P180;

the length of the belt wheel sleeve 11 of the driven belt wheel 6 is 80mm, the outer diameter is 106mm, and the diameter of an inner hole is 57 mm; the diameter of the pulley shaft 12 is 39mm, and the length is 116.5 mm;

the model of the bearing 13 is F88505-2 RS;

the diameter of the spacer bush 14 is 62mm, and the thickness is 14 mm;

the diameters of the left gland 15 and the right gland 16 are 85 mm;

the diameter of the screw 17 is 16mm, and the length is 75 mm;

the elastic material layer 19 is black polyurethane HS 70-85.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a device that ordinary horizontal lathe carries out polishing to large-scale axle type work piece which characterized in that: the polishing machine comprises a bottom plate (1), a motor (2), a driving belt wheel (4), a support rod (5), a driven belt wheel (6) and a polishing abrasive belt (7), wherein the bottom plate (1) is connected with a slide box of a common lathe, the motor (2) is fixed on the bottom plate (1), the axial direction of a motor shaft (3) is parallel to the length direction of the lathe, the motor shaft (3) is connected with the driving belt wheel (4), the lower part of the support rod (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom plate (1) through a connecting bolt (10), the length direction of the support rod (5) is vertical to the axial direction of the motor shaft (3), the upper part of the support rod (5) is positioned at the outer side of a lathe workpiece, a shaft hole vertical to the length direction of the support rod (5) is formed in the front end of the upper part of the support rod (5), a belt wheel shaft (12) of the driven belt wheel (6) is fixedly installed in the shaft hole, the center of the driven belt wheel (6) and the axial center of the workpiece are on the same horizontal plane, the polishing abrasive belt (7) is sleeved on the circumferences of the driving belt wheel (4) and the driven belt wheel (6).

2. The device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpiece by the plain horizontal lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: there is the lathe mounting hole on bottom plate (1), and the lathe mounting hole is relative with the knife rest mounting hole on the lathe slide case, and the bolt is connected bottom plate (1) and lathe slide case through the lathe mounting hole, and there is the motor mounting hole on bottom plate (1) in addition, and the bolt is connected motor cabinet and bottom plate (1) through the motor mounting hole, and the motor mounting hole is the slot hole, and there is the jackscrew hole one side of bottom plate (1), and jackscrew (9) pass the jackscrew hole and the motor cabinet side is relative.

3. The device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpiece by the plain horizontal lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the driving belt wheel (4) is a flat cylinder, a shaft hole is formed in the center of the flat cylinder of the driving belt wheel (4), and the motor shaft (3) penetrates through the shaft hole of the driving belt wheel (4) and is connected through a flat key (8).

4. The device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpiece by the plain horizontal lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the utility model discloses a bracing piece, including bracing piece (5), bottom end, bottom plate connecting hole, connecting bolt (10), bottom plate connecting hole and bottom plate (1), the bracing piece (5) comprises last horizontal pole, sheer pole and down tube, it is parallel to go up horizontal pole and sheer pole, the rear end of going up the horizontal pole is relative with the front end of sheer pole, the down tube is connected between last horizontal pole and sheer pole to the down tube, the side of sheer pole has two bottom plate connecting holes relative with the side of bottom plate (1), the bottom plate connecting hole is the slot hole along the horizontal direction, connecting bolt (10) pass the bottom plate connecting hole with the sheer pole and bottom plate (1) fixed connection of bracing piece (5), the front end of going up the horizontal pole has the shaft hole of connecting driven pulleys (6).

5. The device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpiece by the plain horizontal lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the driven belt wheel (6) consists of a belt wheel sleeve (11), a belt wheel shaft (12), bearings (13), a spacer bush (14), a left gland (15), a right gland (16) and a screw (17), the belt wheel sleeve (11) is a flat round cylinder, the belt wheel shaft (12), the bearings (13) and the spacer bush (14) are arranged in an inner hole of the belt wheel sleeve (11), one end of the belt wheel shaft (12) is connected with a shaft hole at the front end of an upper cross rod of a support rod (5), the two parallel bearings (13) are sleeved on the belt wheel shaft (12), the spacer bush (14) is arranged between the two bearings (13), the inner hole wall of the belt wheel sleeve (11) is in matched connection with the outer ring of the bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is in rotating fit with the belt wheel shaft (12'), the two opposite sides of the belt wheel sleeve (11) are respectively provided with the screw holes (18), the screw holes (18) are axially parallel to the belt wheel sleeve (11), the left gland bush (15) and the right gland bush (16) are respectively arranged on two end faces of the belt wheel sleeve (11), the left gland (15) and the right gland (16) are respectively provided with a connecting hole corresponding to the screw rod hole (18), and the two screw rods (17) respectively connect the left gland (15) and the right gland (16) with the belt wheel sleeve (11) through the connecting holes and the screw rod holes (18).

6. The device for polishing the large-scale shaft workpiece by the plain horizontal lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameters of the peripheries of the driving belt wheel (4) and the driven belt wheel (6) are gradually and symmetrically reduced from the middle to two ends respectively, the peripheral circumferential surfaces of the driving belt wheel (4) and the driven belt wheel (6) are arc-shaped, and the outer circumferential surface of the driven belt wheel (6) is covered with an elastic material layer (19).