CN113273535B - River coastal zone habitat simulation system convenient for adjusting gradient of flow channel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a river coastal zone habitat simulation system capable of controlling sediment content, which comprises a water circulation device and one or more experiment water channels, wherein each experiment water channel comprises a water inlet section and a flow channel which are communicated, the head of each flow channel is in sliding connection with the tail of each water inlet section, a substrate is laid in each flow channel, the substrate can be made of sediment, pebbles, ceramic sheets or ceramic sheets and the like singly or in a mixed mode, and the required sediment can be collected from a target water area and laid in each water channel. The river coastal zone habitat simulation system can adjust the gradient of the flow channel by adjusting the height of the head of the flow channel to form the flow channel with a certain gradient, so that the influence of the flow channels with different gradients on water ecology in the flow channel is researched, the influence of different environmental conditions on aquatic organisms in the river coastal zone is tested, the ecological process of biological coverage is researched and discussed, and scientific support is provided for the reconstruction of the habitat of the damaged river coastal zone and the recovery and reconstruction of biological resources.

Description

A Habitat Simulation System for River Coastal Zones Facilitating Adjustment of Flow Channel Slope

technical field

The invention relates to the field of water environment, and more particularly relates to a habitat simulation system for the coastal zone of a river, which is convenient for adjusting the slope of the flow channel.

Background technique

The coastal zone of a river is an important channel for energy, matter and organisms to pass through the landscape, and it is also a habitat and corridor between the land area and the aquatic area. For the water body and its vicinity, it has ecological functions such as water conservation, water purification, and maintenance of biodiversity. . Studies have shown that the littoral zone coordinates the material and energy flow of the river horizontally (from the highlands of the river bank to the river water body) and vertically (from the upstream to the downstream) of the river by filtering and retaining sediment, water and nutrients, so that in the associated soil Erosion reduction, channel stabilization, habitat protection, and water quality improvement all play an important role and are important barriers to river health.

In our previous research, we developed a habitat simulation system for the coastal zone of rivers. In order to understand the impact of different slopes and depths on water ecology and water coasts, we further improved the system and obtained an easy-to-adjust A simulation system for river littoral habitats with flow channel slopes.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a riverside habitat simulation system capable of controlling sediment content, which includes a water circulation device and one or more experimental waterways, and running water is arranged in the experimental waterways.

The experimental waterway includes a connected water inlet section and a flow channel, the head of the flow channel is slidably connected to the tail of the water inlet section, and the connection between the water inlet section and the flow channel is provided with Baffle, the upper edge of the baffle is higher than the substrate;

The depth of the water inlet section is greater than the depth of the flow channel, the water outlet is in communication with the water circulation device, and the bottom of the flow channel is laid with substrate.

The substrate can be made of silt, pebbles, pottery or tiles alone or in combination, and the required sediment can also be collected from the target water area and laid in the waterway.

The habitat simulation system of the river along the coast of the present invention can adjust the slope of the flow channel by adjusting the height of the head of the flow channel to form a flow channel with a certain slope, so as to study the influence of the flow channels with different slopes on the water ecology in the flow channel, Test the impact of different environmental conditions on aquatic organisms along the river, study and explore the ecological process of biological coverage, and provide scientific support for habitat remodeling, restoration and reconstruction of biological resources along the damaged river.

In a specific embodiment, the bottom of the flow channel is provided with a plurality of height-adjustable supports. According to the slope of the flow channel, the height of the support can be adjusted to provide support for the flow channel.

In a preferred embodiment, the flow channel is composed of multiple detachable flow channel units, and one support is provided at the bottom of each section of the flow channel unit. Through this setting, the runner can be built more conveniently. Preferably, a connection portion is provided between every two adjacent flow channel units, and both ends of the connection portion are respectively connected to a flow channel unit. Through this connection method, each of the flow channel units can form its own slope, and a more complex flow channel can be constructed.

In a specific embodiment, one or more longitudinal steps are arranged on the side wall of the flow channel, and a substrate is laid on the upward surface of the steps. With this setup, the influence of the same environmental conditions on the substrate at different depths can be observed in one flow channel. Preferably, the water outlet is configured as a tailgate whose lower end is pivotally connected to the bottom of the flow channel, and the water depth can be adjusted more conveniently by rotating the tailgate. Preferably, the water depth can be adjusted so that the uppermost bottom layer is basically level with the water surface, so as to simulate a river beach.

In a preferred embodiment, the baffle is raised at a position corresponding to the step. In the application process, when constructing the habitat simulation system for the coastal zone of the river with the river bank, the water can flow in the river bank.

In a specific embodiment, the habitat simulation system along the river is also provided with a lighting device. The lighting device can be installed above the flow channel, and the lighting intensity, lighting time and lighting cycle of the water surface can be controlled by controlling the lighting device.

In a specific embodiment, the water circulation device includes a water storage tank, a first pump and a first water supply pipe, the water storage tank receives water from the water recovery device, and the water storage tank communicates with the first water supply pipe through the first water supply pipe The experimental water channel is connected, and the first pump can drive the water in the water storage tank to the experimental water channel through the first water supply pipe. The flow rate and water depth in the experimental channel are controlled by the first pump.

Preferably, the water storage pool is surrounded by thermal insulation materials, and a temperature control device is arranged in the water storage pool. Preferably, the temperature of the first water supply pipe is set to be controllable to form a constant temperature system. After the water in the storage tank flows through the first water supply pipe, a specific temperature is obtained, thereby controlling the water temperature of the flowing water in the experimental water channel. During the experiment, the two experimental waterways can be set up into two experimental groups, one experimental waterway with temperature control, and the other experimental waterway with no temperature control. Multiple experimental control groups can also be set to control the water temperature within a predetermined temperature range respectively. Through the above settings, the impact of different water temperatures on ecology can be compared.

In a specific embodiment, the habitat simulation system along the river also includes a water recovery device, the water recovery device includes a recovery tank, an overflow pipe, a second pump and a second water supply pipe, the overflow pipe The water inlet is set in the water storage tank, the water outlet is set in the recovery tank, the recovery tank communicates with the water circulation device through the second water supply pipe, and the second pump can transfer the water in the recovery tank Water is driven into the water circulation device through the second water supply pipe. When the water level in the storage tank is higher than the overflow pipe, the water in the storage tank enters the recovery tank through the overflow tube. When the water level in the storage tank is lower than a certain height, the second pump starts to recover the water in the tank sent to the storage tank.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the habitat simulation system of the river riparian zone of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the channel unit of the simulation system of the habitat simulation system along the river in the embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the flow channel unit and the connection part of the habitat simulation system along the river in the embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the support of the habitat simulation system of the river along the coast of the embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow channel and the water inlet section of the habitat simulation system along the river in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the flow channel and water inlet section of the riverside habitat simulation system in Example 3 of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:

1. Experimental water channel, 11, flow channel, 111, flow channel unit, 112, connection part, 113, step, 12, water inlet section, 13, water outlet, 14, baffle plate, 2, water circulation device, 21, storage Pool, 22, first pump, 23, first water supply pipe, 3, water recovery device, 31, recovery tank, 32, overflow pipe, 33, second pump, 34, second water supply pipe, 4, support, 41. Base, 42. First support body, 43. Second support body.

detailed description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the habitat simulation system along the river of this embodiment includes a water circulation device 2 and one or more experimental water channels 1, the head of the channel 11 is slidingly connected with the tail of the water inlet section 12 A baffle 14 is provided at the connection between the water inlet section 12 and the flow channel 11, and the upper edge of the baffle 14 is higher than the substrate.

The experimental water channel 1 includes a connected water inlet section 12 and a flow channel 11, the depth of the water inlet section 12 is greater than the depth of the flow channel 11, and the water flow outlet 13 is communicated with the water circulation device 2, so The bottom of the flow channel 11 is laid with a substrate, and the running water flows on the substrate. In a specific embodiment, the bottom of the flow channel 11 is provided with a plurality of height-adjustable supports 4 . According to the slope of the flow channel 11 , the height of the support 4 can be adjusted to provide support for the flow channel 11 .

The water inlet section is provided with a water inlet near the bottom, and the water enters the water inlet section from a low position. Through the low-level water intake, the initial kinetic energy of the flowing water entering the experimental waterway can be eliminated, so as to ensure that the water flow enters the waterway smoothly, and it is convenient and better to control the experiment. Velocity of flowing water in a channel. The water outlet 13 is arranged as a tailgate, and the water in the flow channel 11 overflows the top of the tailgate to leave the flow channel 11. This setting can adjust the water depth by adjusting the height of the tailgate.

The slope of the flow channel 11 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the head of the flow channel 11 to form a flow channel with a certain slope, so as to study the influence of the flow channels with different slopes on the water ecology in the flow channel.

In order to avoid corrosion of the waterway by long-term water flow and affect the results of the experiment, the experimental waterway is made of stainless steel as a whole. The load-bearing structure is made of stainless steel pipes, the bottom plate and side walls of the waterway are made of stainless steel plates, and the overhead part is supported by steel pipes.

The water circulation device 2 includes a water storage tank 21 , a first pump 22 and a first water supply pipe 23 , the water storage tank 21 receives water from the water recovery device 3 , and the water storage tank 21 passes through the first water supply pipe 23 In communication with the experimental water channel 1 , the first pump 22 can drive the water in the water storage tank 21 to the experimental water channel 1 through the first water supply pipe 23 . The flow rate and water depth in the test channel 1 are controlled by the first pump 22 .

The water storage pool 21 is surrounded by thermal insulation materials, and a temperature control device is arranged in the water storage pool. Preferably, the temperature of the first water supply pipe 23 is set to be controllable to form a constant temperature system. After the water in the storage tank 21 flows through the first water supply pipe 23, a specific temperature is obtained, thereby controlling the water temperature of the flowing water in the experimental water channel. During the experiment, the two experimental waterways can be set up into two experimental groups, one experimental waterway with temperature control, and the other experimental waterway with no temperature control. Multiple experimental control groups can also be set to control the water temperature within a predetermined temperature range respectively. Through the above settings, the impact of different water temperatures on ecology can be compared.

In a specific embodiment, the habitat simulation system along the river is also provided with a lighting device. The lighting device can be installed above the flow channel 11, and the lighting intensity, lighting time and lighting cycle of the water surface can be controlled by controlling the lighting device.

The habitat simulation system along the river also includes a water recovery device 3, the water recovery device 3 includes a recovery tank 31, an overflow pipe 32, a second pump 33 and a second water supply pipe 34, the overflow pipe 32 The water inlet is set in the water storage tank 21, the water outlet is set in the recovery tank, the recovery tank 31 communicates with the water circulation device 2 through the second water supply pipe 34, and the second pump 33 can transfer the The water in the recovery pool 31 is driven into the water circulation device 2 through the second water supply pipe 34 . When the water level in the water storage tank 21 was higher than the overflow pipe 32, the water in the water storage tank 21 entered the recovery tank 31 through the overflow pipe 32, and when the water level in the water storage tank 21 was lower than a certain height, the second pump 33 started , to transport the water in the recovery tank 31 to the water storage tank 21 .

In a specific embodiment, the riverside habitat simulation system includes 12 experimental waterways, which can be divided into multiple groups for comparative experiments. In order to reduce the footprint, part of the water circulation device 2 is set underground, the experimental water channel 1 is set on the ground, the flow channel 11 of the experimental water channel 1 is partially set overhead, and the bottom of the water inlet section 12 is set on the ground, or as needed. high.

The habitat simulation system of the river coastal zone of the present invention includes facilities for simulating biological coverage simulation experiment waterways and underwater adjustable hydrology, bottom quality, water quality and other environments, and is equipped with relevant special equipment on the basis of the above facilities. By artificially simulating different environments such as water temperature, hydrological water level, flow velocity, water quality, and bottom matrix in the coastal zone, the impact of different environmental conditions on aquatic organisms in the coastal zone of the river is tested, and the ecological process of biological coverage is studied to reshape the habitat of the coastal zone of the damaged river. , Restoration and reconstruction of biological resources to provide scientific support.

Example 2

In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2-4, the flow channel 11 is further improved. The flow channel 11 is composed of multiple detachable flow channel units 111 spliced together, and a support 4 is provided at the bottom of each section of the flow channel unit 111 . Through this setting, the runner 11 can be built more conveniently. Preferably, a connection portion 112 is provided between every two adjacent flow channel units, and the two ends of the connection portion 112 are respectively pivotally connected to one flow channel unit. The support 4 includes a base 41, a first support body 42 and a second support body 43, the flow channel unit 111 is pivoted to the first support body 42, and is fixedly connected to the second support body 43, the The heights of the first support body 42 and the second support body 43 are scalable. By adjusting the heights of the first support body 42 and the second support body 43 , the slope of the flow channel unit 111 can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the two adjacent flow channel units 111 and the connection part can be relatively independently rotated, therefore, each of the flow channel units 111 can independently form its own slope to build a more complex flow channel 11.

Example 3

In this embodiment, in order to construct a more complicated flow channel, as shown in Figure 5, we set a first-level longitudinal step 113 on the side wall of the flow channel 11, and lay a layer of Substrate. With this setup, the influence of the same environmental conditions on the substrate at different depths can be observed in one flow channel. Preferably, the water outlet 13 is configured as a tailgate whose lower end is pivotally connected to the bottom of the flow channel 11 , and the water depth can be adjusted more conveniently by rotating the tailgate.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the steps 113 are two steps, the baffle plate 14 is heightened at the position corresponding to the second level of the steps 113, and different substrates can be laid on the two steps, The upper layer can be used to simulate the river bank, and the lower layer and the bottom of the flow channel can be used to simulate the river bottom at different depths. During the application process, the water depth can be adjusted so that the water surface is basically level with the river beach, and the influence of the environment on the river bottom and river beach at different depths can be studied in one flow channel at the same time.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (4)

1. A simulation system for habitat of a river coastal zone is characterized by comprising a water circulation device (2) and one or more experimental water channels (1), wherein flowing water is arranged in the experimental water channels (1),

the experimental water channel (1) comprises a water inlet section (12) and a flow channel (11) which are communicated, the head of the flow channel (11) is connected with the tail of the water inlet section (12) in a sliding mode, and a baffle (14) is arranged at the connection position of the water inlet section (12) and the flow channel (11);

the depth of the water inlet section (12) is greater than that of the flow channel (11), a running water outlet (13) is formed in the tail of the flow channel (11), the running water outlet (13) is communicated with the water circulation device (2), a substrate is laid at the bottom of the flow channel (11), and the upper edge of the baffle (14) is higher than the substrate;

the water circulation device (2) supplies water to the experiment water channel (1) and receives the water from the experiment water channel (1);

the bottom of the runner (11) is provided with a plurality of height-adjustable supports (4), the runner (11) is composed of a plurality of detachable runner units, the bottom of each runner unit is provided with one support (4), and two ends of a connecting part (112) are respectively in shaft connection with one runner unit (111);

two longitudinal steps (113) are arranged in the runner (11) close to the side wall, a bottom is laid on the upward surface of the steps (113), the baffle is heightened at the position corresponding to the second step of the steps (113), and the flowing water outlet (13) is arranged into a tail gate with the lower end fixed with the bottom of the runner (11) and capable of rotating around the lower end.

2. The river coastal zone habitat simulation system of claim 1, wherein the baffle (14) is a detachable structure.

3. A river coastal zone habitat simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water circulation device (2) comprises a water storage tank (21), a first pump (22) and a first water supply pipe (23), the water storage tank (21) receives water from a water recovery device (3), the water storage tank (21) is communicated with the experimental channel (1) through the first water supply pipe (23), and the first pump (22) can drive water in the water storage tank (21) into the experimental channel (1) through the first water supply pipe (23).

4. A river coastal zone habitat simulation system according to claim 1, further comprising a water recovery device (3), wherein the water recovery device (3) comprises a recovery tank (31), an overflow pipe (32), a second pump (33) and a second water supply pipe (34), an inlet of the overflow pipe (32) is arranged in the water storage tank (21), an outlet of the overflow pipe is arranged in the recovery tank, the recovery tank (31) is communicated with the water circulation device (2) through the second water supply pipe (34), and the second pump (33) can drive the water in the water storage tank (21) into the water circulation device (2) through the second water supply pipe (34).

Images