CN113264680A - Dry particle suspension glaze, preparation method and application in preparation of high-transparency ceramic tile - Google Patents
Dry particle suspension glaze, preparation method and application in preparation of high-transparency ceramic tile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113264680A CN113264680A CN202110815919.6A CN202110815919A CN113264680A CN 113264680 A CN113264680 A CN 113264680A CN 202110815919 A CN202110815919 A CN 202110815919A CN 113264680 A CN113264680 A CN 113264680A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/16—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions with vehicle or suspending agents, e.g. slip
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
Abstract
A dry particle suspension glaze, a preparation method and application thereof in preparing high-transparency ceramic tiles, wherein the dry particle suspension glaze comprises the following raw materials: suspending agent, transparent frit and water, and ball milling; the transparent frit comprises; SiO 22、Al2O3、K2O、Na2O, CaO, MgO, etc.; the suspending agent comprises: one or more of bentonite, suzhou soil, sodium methyl cellulose, sodium ethyl cellulose, PVA, PAM, and PEG. The preparation method comprises the following steps of performing ball milling on the mixture by using ball milling balls with single diameters to ensure that the particle size distribution is as follows: the residue of 120 meshes is 0.5-2.5%, the residue of 250 meshes is 30-50%, and the residue of 325 meshes is: 50-75%; the dry particle suspension glaze prepared by the preparation method is used for high-transparency ceramic tiles. The scheme can solve the problem that dry granulation process of dry method and wet method needs to be advanced in the prior artThe problem of processing the transparent frit into dry particles with a certain particle size range is solved, and the dry particles with too small particle size are prevented from being easily lost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a dry particle suspension glaze, a preparation method and application thereof in preparing high-transparency ceramic tiles.
Background
The high-transparency full-polishing dry particle products developed in the market at present can be divided into a dry process and a wet process. The dry process is characterized in that a dry particle distributing machine is adopted to spread transparent dry particles of 60-200 meshes on the surface of a brick, and then the dry particles are fixed by 2 paths of fixer spraying in the front and the back and then are fired in a kiln. The fixing agent is required to uniformly and stably wet each dry particle, and once the spray gun is not well atomized or the spraying amount of the fixing agent is insufficient or the fixing agent is not high-temperature resistant, the dry particles can be sucked away by a kiln head fan, so that the problems that the surface of the dry particles of the ceramic tile is uneven and the dry particles are sucked into a smoke exhaust air pipe and then fall irregularly to cause defects are caused. In addition, the wet process is mainly characterized in that a bell jar is adopted to spray glaze slurry containing 120-250 meshes of transparent dry particles mixed with a suspending agent onto the surface of a green brick. Due to the transparent dry granules: the suspending agent = 0.8-1.0: 1.0-1.2, the specific gravity of the transparent dry particle suspending agent glaze slip is 1.3-1.5, and the water content is 45-55%. Therefore, under the same glaze spraying amount, the solid content of a dry particle layer obtained by a wet process is 30-40% less than that of a common glaze, and if thick dry particles are sprayed by the wet process, the risks of brick explosion, brick cracking and the like caused by insufficient drying are faced.
So far, no matter the dry particle process of the dry method or the wet method is used for producing the high-transparency full-polishing dry particle glazed tile, the transparent dry particles of the high-transparency full-polishing dry particle glazed tile need to be processed into dry particles in a certain particle range in advance. Such processing results in wastage of some of the dried particles that are too fine (less than 250 mesh) and also increases the risk of contamination. These undoubtedly increase the production costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dry particle suspension glaze which uses 45-65% of SiO26 to 15% of Al2O33 to 7% of K2O, 0-2.5% of Na2O, 6-15% of CaO, 0-1% of MgO, 0-2% of BaO and 3-12% of ZnO are used as transparent frits, and suspending agents are added for ball milling to obtain the glass ceramic.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dry particle suspension glaze, which is used for preparing the dry particle suspension glaze.
The invention also provides application of the dry particle suspension glaze in preparing the high-transparency ceramic tile, and the dry particle suspension glaze prepared by the preparation method is used for preparing the high-transparency ceramic tile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dry particle suspension glaze comprises the following raw materials: the glaze comprises a suspending agent, transparent frits and water, wherein the dry particle suspended glaze is prepared by ball milling raw materials;
the transparent frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass; 45-65% of SiO26 to 15% of Al2O33 to 7% of K2O, 0-2.5% of Na2O, 6-15% of CaO, 0-1% of MgO, 0-2% of BaO and 3-12% of ZnO;
the suspending agent comprises the following raw materials: bentonite, suzhou soil, sodium methyl cellulose, sodium ethyl cellulose, PVA, PAM and PEG.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the suspending agent to the transparent frit to the water is (1-50) to (50-100): (50-100).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the suspending agent to the transparent frit to the water is (1-10) to (90-100): (50-70).
Preferably, the dry particle suspension glaze adopts ball milling spheres with single diameter.
More preferably, the diameter of the ball milling sphere is 50-60 mm.
Preferably, the particle size range of the transparent frit after ball milling is 0.5-2.5% of the residue after 120 meshes, 30-50% of the residue after 250 meshes, and 325 meshes: 50-75%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the ball-milling ball bodies to the dry particle suspension glaze is (1-1.5): 1.
further optimally, the raw materials of the transparent frit comprise, by mass: 20-50% of quartz, 10-25% of potassium feldspar, 10-15% of albite, 15-35% of calcite, 1-5% of talcum, 5-20% of dolomite, 0-4% of barium carbonate, 0-10% of sodium carbonate, 0-10% of potassium carbonate, 0-8% of sodium chloride and 3-12% of zinc oxide.
A preparation method of dry particle suspended glaze is used for preparing the dry particle suspended glaze and comprises the following steps:
step (1): mixing the suspending agent, the transparent frit and water according to a mass ratio to obtain a mixture;
step (2): ball milling the mixture with ball milling spheres of a single diameter until the particle size distribution of the transparent frit in the glaze is: the residue of 120 meshes is 0.5-2.5%, the residue of 250 meshes is 30-50%, and the residue of 325 meshes is: 50-75%;
and (3): and (3) sieving the glaze prepared in the step (2) by a sieve of 60-100 meshes, and removing impurities.
Use of a dry-particle suspension glaze for the preparation of high-transparency ceramic tiles, using the dry-particle suspension glaze obtained according to claim 9 as ceramic tilesThe surface glaze of (1), the specific gravity of the dry particle suspension glaze is 1.55-1.85, the water content is 32-38%, the flow rate is 30-60 seconds, and the glazing amount is 600-1000 g/m2(ii) a And (3) applying the dry particle suspension glaze cloth on the surface of the ceramic tile, firing and carrying out full-polishing treatment.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the dry particle suspension glaze, the transparent frit and the suspending agent master batch are mixed and then subjected to ball milling treatment, the formed glaze can be used for preparing tiles or rock plates with high flatness, high transparency, bright color and few pores after being fired and polished, the problem that the transparent frit needs to be processed into dry particles with a certain particle size range in advance in dry and wet dry particle processes in the prior art is solved, the loss problem caused by the dry particles with undersize particle size generated in the processing process is avoided, and impurities brought by the processing process are avoided.
2. Compared with a common wet dry grain polishing process, the wet dry grain polishing process has the advantages that the specific gravity of dry grain pulp is improved, the moisture is reduced by 20-50%, the water ripple phenomenon of a product can be reduced, the application range of the wet dry grain polishing process is enlarged, and the wet dry grain polishing process is particularly suitable for producing high-end rock plate products with large sizes and thin green bricks.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present solution is further explained by the following specific embodiments.
A dry particle suspension glaze comprises the following raw materials: the glaze comprises a suspending agent, transparent frits and water, wherein the dry particle suspended glaze is prepared by ball milling raw materials;
the transparent frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass; 45-65% of SiO26 to 15% of Al2O33 to 7% of K2O, 0-2.5% of Na2O, 6-15% of CaO, 0-1% of MgO, 0-2% of BaO and 3-12% of ZnO; the transparent frit is prepared by melting and water quenching the frit particles according to the formula.
The suspending agent comprises the following raw materials: bentonite, suzhou soil, sodium methyl cellulose, sodium ethyl cellulose, PVA, PAM and PEG.
According to the dry particle suspension glaze, the transparent frit and the suspending agent are mixed and then subjected to ball milling treatment, the formed glaze can be used for preparing the ceramic tile with high flatness, high transparency, bright color development and few pores after being fired and polished, the problem that the transparent frit needs to be processed into dry particles with a certain particle size range in advance in dry and wet dry particle processes in the prior art is solved, and the problem that the dry particles with undersize particle size are easy to lose is avoided.
In the scheme, 0.5-2.5% of IL is added; IL is the loss on ignition, and refers to the loss of some crystal water discharged during the firing of glaze, some CO2 decomposed from carbonate, SO2 decomposed from sulfate, and some organic impurities after the removal. There is no specific ingredient.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the suspending agent to the transparent frit to the water is (1-50) to (50-100): (50-100).
In the dry particle suspension glaze of the scheme, the suspending agent, the transparent frit and the water are not required to be processed into dry particles with certain granularity in advance, the processing loss of the frit and the risk of pollution are reduced, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the suspending agent to the transparent frit to the water is (1-10) to (90-100): (50-70).
Preferably, the dry particle suspension glaze adopts ball milling spheres with single diameter.
The dry particle suspension glaze adopts ball milling spheres with a single diameter, namely the ball milling spheres with the same diameter are used as ball milling tools, such as high-alumina ball denier, so that the impact force required by frit crushing can be ensured, and the time when the ball milling spheres with the diameter can enable the material to reach the required particle size can be estimated; meanwhile, the ball milling ball body with the single diameter is used, so that the ball milling ball bodies with the rest diameters can be prevented from continuously performing ball milling treatment on the transparent frits positioned at the gap positions, and the particle size distribution range of the transparent frits is protected.
More preferably, the diameter of the ball milling sphere is 50-60 mm.
The diameter of the ball milling ball body cannot be too large or too small; when the diameter of the ball milling ball body is too large, the transparent frit is positioned in the gap between the ball milling ball bodies and is not easy to be ball milled, and the transparent frit cannot achieve the required particle size distribution; when the ball milling ball is too small, the ball milling of the transparent frit is more thorough, the transparent frit is ball milled into particles with smaller diameter, and the problems of reduced transparency and over-sintering of the frit are easy to occur. Therefore, the diameter of the ball-milling ball body is preferably 50-60 mm, so that the problems of overlarge and undersize diameters can be avoided; for example, ball-milled spheres having a diameter of 50mm may be used in unison; of course, considering the processing size difference of the ball milling spheres and the fact that it is impossible to perform a size test on each ball milling sphere when the ball milling spheres are actually used, the size difference of + -5 mm should be regarded as a ball milling sphere with a single diameter, preferably + -4 mm, more preferably + -3 mm, further preferably + -2 mm, and most preferably + -1 mm.
Preferably, the particle size range of the transparent frit after ball milling is 0.5-2.5% of the residue after 120 meshes, 30-50% of the residue after 250 meshes, and 325 meshes: 50-75%.
After ball milling, the transparent frits are distributed according to the particle size range, and according to the particle size range, the transparency, the flatness and the hardness of the dry particle suspension glaze on the surface of the blank are improved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the ball-milling spheres to the dry particle suspension glaze is = (1-1.5): 1.
the scheme limits the diameter and the content of the ball-milling ball, and is convenient for estimating the time for the transparent frit to reach the required particle size; and the ball-milling sphere and the dry particle suspension glaze are limited by the proportion of (1-1.5): 1, the ball milling time can be accurately estimated based on the uniform diameter of the ball milling spheres; in the scheme, the addition amount of the ball milling ball bodies is not too much or too little, and too much or too little of the ball milling ball bodies exceeds the range which can be estimated by the ball milling time; the mutual abrasion between the ball milling ball bodies is easy to occur due to excessive ball milling balls, and excessive impurities are brought into the glaze; too little is easy to lead the ball milling to be insufficient; according to the formula (1-1.5): 1, the ball milling time is generally 2.5 to 6 hours, so that the particle size range of the transparent frit after ball milling is 0.5 to 2.5 percent of the residue of 120 meshes, 30 to 50 percent of the residue of 250 meshes and 325 meshes: 50-75%.
Preferably, the raw materials of the transparent frit comprise, by mass: 20-50% of quartz, 10-25% of potassium feldspar, 10-15% of albite, 15-35% of calcite, 1-5% of talcum, 5-20% of dolomite, 0-4% of barium carbonate, 0-10% of sodium carbonate, 0-10% of potassium carbonate, 0-8% of sodium chloride and 3-12% of zinc oxide.
The raw materials of the transparent frit are uniformly mixed and sent into a glass tank furnace for melting, the melting temperature is 1520-. The water content of the fusion cake is less than 0.5 percent, and the granularity is 2-20 meshes; the dry particle suspension glaze prepared by mixing the raw materials of the transparent frit has the characteristics of high transparency, good color development on ink, high initial melting temperature and high hardness.
A method for preparing dry particle suspended glaze, which is used for preparing the dry particle suspended glaze of any embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
step (1): mixing the suspending agent, the transparent frit and water according to a mass ratio to obtain a mixture;
step (2): ball milling the mixture with ball milling spheres of a single diameter until the particle size distribution of the transparent frit in the glaze is: the residue of 120 meshes is 0.5-2.5%, the residue of 250 meshes is 30-50%, and the residue of 325 meshes is: 50-75%;
and (3): and (3) sieving the glaze prepared in the step (2) by a sieve of 60-100 meshes, and removing impurities.
Use of the dry particle suspended glaze prepared according to claim 9 as a surface glaze for a ceramic tile, wherein the dry particle suspended glaze has a specific gravity of 1.55-1.85, a water content of 32-38%, a flow rate of 30-60 seconds, and a glaze application amount of 600-1000 g/m2(ii) a And (3) applying the dry particle suspension glaze cloth on the surface of the ceramic tile, firing and carrying out full-polishing treatment.
The high-transparency full-polished ceramic tile has dry particle glaze slip of dry particle suspended glaze with specific gravity of 1.55-1.85, water content of 32-38%, flow rate of 30-60 s, and glazing amount of 600-1000 g/m2. Can realize the smooth surface of the ceramic tile, has the effect close to a mirror surface after being polished, can reach the level equivalent to that of the conventional dry-method dry-granulation process, has high transparency, bright color and few pores,the dry granules can not be absorbed and run away by the kiln.
And (3) performance testing:
1. and (3) testing the transmittance: according to the specification of the national standard GB3296-1982 method for measuring the transmittance of daily-use ceramic ware, three pieces of which the size is about 15 multiplied by 15mm are arranged2The white ceramic product fragments of r were used as test samples, ground to thicknesses of approximately 0.500, 1.000 and 1.500mm, respectively, and tested using a transmittance meter, where the transmittance of the test samples was expressed by the relative percentage intensity of transmitted light of the test samples with a thickness of 1mm, using the incident light intensity of 100.
2. Mohs hardness determination: the ceramic tile sample is stably placed on a hard support with the facing upward. The surface of a sample is scribed by selecting standard ores with different Mohs values from small to large, the surface of the sample is scribed uniformly and vertically by applying force through a new ore cutting edge, the force application needs to be moderate, and the cutting edge of the standard ore cannot be broken by excessive force application to form double-line or multi-line scribing traces. The lowest hardness value which just can generate obvious scratches is taken as the test result, and the lowest value of all the test values of the test sample is taken as the test result.
3. And (3) determining the wear resistance: test method section 7 using GB/T3810.7-2016 ceramic tiles: the method for testing the wear resistance of the glazed surface of the glazed tile tests the wear resistance of the glazed surface of the product, and the wear resistance of the ceramic tile is evaluated by placing a grinding medium on the glazed surface and rotating the glazed surface and observing and comparing a worn sample with an unworn sample.
Example A:
step (1): mixing a suspending agent, a transparent frit and water according to the mass ratio shown in Table 1 to obtain a mixture; the composition of the transparent frit comprises: 55% SiO210% of Al2O39% of K2O, 2% of Na2O, 13% CaO, 1% MgO, 1% BaO and 9% ZnO; the suspending agent is selected from bentonite and Suzhou soil in a weight ratio of 1: 1 combining;
step (2): the mixture was ball milled using a single ball milling sphere 50mm in diameter until the particle size distribution of the transparent frit in the glaze was: the residue of 120 meshes is 0.5-2.5%, the residue of 250 meshes is 30-50%, and the residue of 325 meshes is: 50-75%; wherein, the mass ratio of the ball-milling ball bodies to the dry particle suspension glaze is = 1.5: 1;
and (3): sieving the glaze prepared in the step (2) by a 70-mesh sieve, and removing impurities;
and (4): before spraying dry particle suspension glaze, the surface of the blank body is coated with overglaze and is subjected to an ink-jet printing process; spraying the dry particle suspension glaze on the surface of the green body; the specific gravity of the dry particle suspension glaze is 1.80, the water content is 32 percent, the flow rate is 40 seconds, and the glazing amount is 700g/m2；
And (5) drying the blank, firing at 1250 ℃, polishing comprehensively, and edging to obtain the product.
Examples A1 and A2, as well as comparative example A, were subjected to the above performance tests, as shown in Table 2.
Description of the drawings:
as can be seen from comparison of comparative example a with examples a1 and a2, comparative example a does not use a suspending agent, but the suspending agent can be ball-milled with transparent frit in this embodiment to prevent the particles from settling and delaminating after ball milling. Comparative example a, in which no suspending agent was added, the particles were ball-milled to form a layer, and the transparent frit in the slurry was concentrated in a certain layer, resulting in poor transparency, only 71% transmittance; moreover, the Mohs hardness and abrasion resistance of comparative example A were poor due to the non-uniform dispersion of the transparent frit, with a Mohs hardness of only 4 and an abrasion resistance of only 3 at 1500 revolutions. In the embodiment A1, 1kg of suspending agent is added, so that the transparent frit is uniformly distributed, the suspension stability of the transparent frit is effectively promoted in both the ball milling step and the construction step, the transparency, the Mohs hardness and the wear resistance are improved, the mirror effect is achieved, the transparency can reach 90%, the Mohs hardness is 6 grade, and the wear resistance is 4 grade under the condition of 6000 revolutions; particularly, the bentonite and the suzhou soil are used as suspending agents in the embodiment A1 and the embodiment A2, and the bentonite is wetted by water and then adsorbed on the surfaces of the ball-milled particles; meanwhile, bentonite can enter crystal layers of the particles to form colloidal particles, and then carrier liquid is changed into colloidal solution, so that the dispersion uniformity of the particles is improved. The Suzhou soil has the function of promoting suspension, is fine and smooth in material, is adsorbed on the surfaces of particles after being ball-milled, improves the wear resistance of the surfaces of the particles, and can improve the wear resistance of the ceramic tile after glaze is sintered.
In conclusion, the suspending agent is used together with the transparent frit, so that the transparency, the Mohs hardness and the wear resistance of the ceramic tile are improved.
Example B:
example B1:
step (1): 5kg of suspending agent, 95kg of transparent frit and 60kg of water are mixed to obtain a mixture; the composition of the transparent frit comprises: 60% SiO215% of Al2O35% of K2O, 0.5% of Na2O, CaO 8.5%, BaO 2%, and ZnO 9%; the suspending agent is selected from bentonite, Suzhou soil, PVA and PAM, and the weight ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1 combining;
step (2): the mixture was ball milled using a single ball milling sphere of 60mm diameter until the particle size distribution of the transparent frit in the glaze was: the residue of 120 meshes is 0.5-2.5%, the residue of 250 meshes is 30-50%, and the residue of 325 meshes is: 50-75%; wherein, the mass ratio of the ball-milling ball bodies to the dry particle suspension glaze is = 1.5: 1;
and (3): sieving the glaze prepared in the step (2) by a 60-mesh sieve, and removing impurities;
and (4): before spraying dry particle suspension glaze, the surface of the blank body is coated with overglaze and is subjected to an ink-jet printing process; spraying the dry particle suspension glaze on the surface of the green body; the specific gravity of the dry particle suspension glaze is 1.55, the water content is 32 percent, the flow rate is 30 seconds, and the glazing amount is 600g/m2；
And (5) drying the blank, firing at 1250 ℃, polishing comprehensively, and edging to obtain the product.
Example B2: example B2 used a single diameter of 50mm when ball milling spheres were selected, as opposed to example B1, and the ball milling time was the same as in example B1.
Comparative example B1: comparative example B1 used 60% by weight of 60mm ball milled spheres and 40% by weight of 50mm ball milled spheres when ball milled spheres were selected, relative to example B1, for the same ball milling time as in example B1.
Comparative example B2: comparative example B2 used 60% of 60mm ball milled spheres, 20% of 40mm ball milled spheres, 20% of 20mm ball milled spheres, and the same ball milling time as in example B1, when ball milled spheres were selected, relative to example B1.
The above example B and comparative example B were subjected to performance tests to obtain Table 3.
Description of the drawings:
comparison of comparative example B1 with example B1 shows that comparative example B1 uses 60% of 60mm ball milled spheres, 40% of 50mm ball milled spheres; because the ball milling spheres have size difference, the two ball milling spheres with different sizes can respectively ball mill the transparent frits with different particle sizes, and the transparent frits can be ground into smaller particle sizes, so that the particles can be further ball milled by the ball milling spheres with the size of 50mm after being ball milled by the ball milling spheres with the size of 60 mm; therefore, the transparent frit of the comparative example B1 has smaller particle size and unreasonable particle size distribution, and the smaller particles cause the mechanical strength of the ceramic tile to be reduced and are easy to suck away in the kiln, thereby further reducing the transparency and the mechanical strength; it can be seen that comparative example B1 has poorer transparency, Mohs hardness and abrasion resistance than example B1, transparency of only 82%, Mohs hardness of grade 5 and abrasion resistance of grade 4 at 6000 revolutions.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example B1, comparative example B2 and example B1, the ball-milled spheres of comparative example B2 were selected to have a diameter greater than that of comparative example B1, such that the ball-milled spheres were 60% of 60mm ball-milled spheres, 20% of 40mm ball-milled spheres and 20% of 20mm ball-milled spheres; comparative example B2 could be ball milled to a larger range and the transparent frit could be ball milled to a smaller particle size than comparative example B1; thus, comparative example B2 has a lower performance, 68% clarity, 4 Mohs hardness, and 3 abrasion resistance at 1500 revolutions, than comparative example B1. Meanwhile, the values of the 60mm ball-milled spheres and the 50mm ball-milled spheres of comparative example B1 are relatively close, while the values of the 60mm ball-milled spheres, the 40mm ball-milled spheres and the 20mm ball-milled spheres of comparative example B2 are greatly different, and the ball-milling range of comparative example B2 is larger than that of comparative example B1, so that the particle size distribution of the transparent frit after ball milling is wider and unreasonable for the present solution, resulting in that the transmittance, Mohs hardness and abrasion resistance of the fired and polished glaze are all worse than those of comparative example B1, and even worse than those of example B1 and example B2.
In summary, the transparent frit used in the scheme is made of SiO2、Al2O3、K2O、Na2The ball-milling ball body is combined according to the formula, when the diameter of the ball-milling ball body is closer to unity, the particle size distribution is more stable, the phenomenon of overburning pinholes or devitrification caused by smaller particles is avoided, the particle size distribution of the transparent frit can be concentrated on that the residue of 120 meshes is 0.5-2.5%, the residue of 250 meshes is 30-50%, and the residue of 325 meshes is: 50-75%, which is equivalent to the dry particle size of a normal dry particle suspending agent system, and the transmittance, Mohs hardness and abrasion resistance of the fired and polished glaze are optimal, which shows that the formula of the transparent frit is promoted by using ball-milling spheres with single diameter.
Comparative example C:
comparative example C: 5kg of suspending agent, 95kg of transparent frit and 60kg of water are mixed, wherein the transparent frit is 18% of kaolin; 18% of calcined kaolin, 23% of quartz, 15% of dolomite, 9% of potash feldspar, 7% of zinc oxide, 5% of barium sulfate and 5% of magnesium aluminate spinel are mixed into transparent dry granules, and a suspending agent is added, wherein the suspending agent is bentonite, Suzhou soil, PVA and PAM, and the weight ratio of the bentonite to the Suzhou soil is 1: 1: 1: 1 combining; the mixture was ball-milled using a single ball-milling sphere having a diameter of 60mm for the same time as in example B1, to obtain a glaze slip.
The glaze slip prepared in the example B1 and the glaze slip prepared in the comparative example C are respectively sprayed on the surfaces of different green bricks, and the solid contents of the glaze slip and the green bricks are required to be equal; the green bodies of example B1 and comparative example C were dried for 2 hours, fired at 1300 ℃ and polished over all, and edged. The performance of the tiles made in example B1 and comparative example C were tested as in Table 4.
Description of the drawings:
as can be seen from comparison of comparative example C with example B1, comparative example C actually exhibited brick-frying within 2 hours due to insufficient drying; comparative example C the transmittance test, mohs hardness test and abrasion resistance test described above were conducted on an incomplete tile after the tile blast;
comparative example C is a typical wet process, wherein comparative example C is prepared by preparing transparent dry particles, adding a suspending agent, and ball milling to prepare slurry; the slurry obtained a dry particle solids content 30-40% less than example B1 at the same glaze level; when comparative example C maintained the same solids content as example B1, comparative example C required thick dry pellets that were not dry enough in 2 hours, resulting in a brick-fried condition; thus, comparative example C had a transmittance of only 75%, a Mohs hardness of 4, and an abrasion resistance of 3 at 1500 revolutions. The transparent frit used in the embodiment B1 does not need to be processed into dry particles with a certain particle size in advance, and the suspending agent is directly added to be ball-milled with the transparent frit, so that the processing loss and the pollution risk of the transparent frit are reduced; meanwhile, in the embodiment B1, under the same glaze pouring amount, the solid content is larger than that of the transparent dry particles in the existing wet process, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the produced high-transparent dry particle glaze product has the advantages of better color development, wider temperature range and higher surface hardness and wear resistance.
The technical principle of the present solution is described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are only used to explain the principles of the present solution and should not be interpreted in any way as limiting the scope of the present solution. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present solution without any inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present solution.
Claims (10)
1. The dry particle suspension glaze is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: the glaze comprises a suspending agent, transparent frits and water, wherein the dry particle suspended glaze is prepared by ball milling raw materials;
the transparent layerThe bright frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass; 45-65% of SiO26 to 15% of Al2O33 to 7% of K2O, 0-2.5% of Na2O, 6-15% of CaO, 0-1% of MgO, 0-2% of BaO and 3-12% of ZnO;
the suspending agent comprises the following raw materials: bentonite, suzhou soil, sodium methyl cellulose, sodium ethyl cellulose, PVA, PAM and PEG.
2. The dry particle suspension glaze as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the suspending agent to the transparent frit to the water is (1-50) to (50-100): (50-100).
3. The dry particle suspension glaze as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the suspending agent to the transparent frit to the water is (1-10) to (90-100): (50-70).
4. The dry particle suspension glaze of claim 1, wherein the dry particle suspension glaze employs single diameter ball milled spheres.
5. The dry particle suspension glaze according to claim 4, wherein the ball milling spheres have a diameter of 50-60 mm.
6. The dry particle suspension glaze of claim 4, wherein the transparent frit has a particle size range after ball milling of 0.5-2.5% of a 120-mesh screen residue, 30-50% of a 250-mesh screen residue, and a 325-mesh screen residue: 50-75%.
7. The dry particle suspension glaze according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milled spheres to the dry particle suspension glaze is (1-1.5): 1.
8. the dry particle suspension glaze according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the transparent frit is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-50% of quartz, 10-25% of potassium feldspar, 10-15% of albite, 15-35% of calcite, 1-5% of talcum, 5-20% of dolomite, 0-4% of barium carbonate, 0-10% of sodium carbonate, 0-10% of potassium carbonate, 0-8% of sodium chloride and 3-12% of zinc oxide.
9. A method for preparing dry-particle suspended glaze, which is used for preparing the dry-particle suspended glaze of any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:
step (1): mixing the suspending agent, the transparent frit and water in proportion to obtain a mixture;
step (2): ball milling the mixture with ball milling spheres of a single diameter until the particle size distribution of the transparent frit in the glaze is: the residue of 120 meshes is 0.5-2.5%, the residue of 250 meshes is 30-50%, and the residue of 325 meshes is: 50-75%;
and (3): and (3) sieving the glaze prepared in the step (2) by a sieve of 60-100 meshes, and removing impurities.
10. The use of the dry particle suspension glaze in the preparation of high-transparency ceramic tiles is characterized in that the dry particle suspension glaze prepared according to claim 9 is used as the surface glaze of the ceramic tiles, the specific gravity of the dry particle suspension glaze is 1.55-1.85, the water content is 32-38%, the flow rate is 30-60 seconds, and the glazing amount is 600-1000 g/m2(ii) a And (3) applying the dry particle suspension glaze cloth on the surface of the ceramic tile, firing and carrying out full-polishing treatment.
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| CN113716867A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-30 | 江西新明珠建材有限公司 | Ceramic tile with dry particle protective glaze and locally positioned ice crystal dry particle glaze and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115504671A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-12-23 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | High-temperature wear-resistant transparent glaze as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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