CN113264629A - Electroplating wastewater full-membrane process and device - Google Patents
Electroplating wastewater full-membrane process and device Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electroplating wastewater full-membrane process and device, belongs to the technical field of electroplating wastewater treatment, and solves the problems of substandard discharge and much resource waste of an electroplating wastewater treatment discharge process in the prior art. The invention realizes zero discharge of wastewater treatment, saves resources and improves treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a full-film process and a full-film device for electroplating wastewater.
Background
The electroplating wastewater is mainly various acid-base waste liquids and organic solutions generated after the treatment of oil removal, wax removal, electroplating, cleaning, etching, oxidation, passivation and the like on the surface of a workpiece. Due to the characteristics of the production process, various types of wastewater are respectively discharged from a production workshop, and the characteristic pollutants in the wastewater mainly comprise heavy metals, cyanides, nonbiodegradable organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, strong acid, strong alkali and the like.
The components of the electroplating wastewater are very complex, and besides Cyanide (CN) -containing wastewater and acid-base wastewater, heavy metal wastewater is a wastewater category with great potential hazard in the electroplating industry. Most of the waste water contains chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), and the waste water containing gold (Au) and silver (Ag) is directly recovered.
In order to improve the quality of plated parts, the types and the number of electroplating additives used in electroplating production are more and more, the components are more and more complex, the additives contain components with strong complexing effect with heavy metal ions, such as tartaric acid, EDTA, pyrophosphate, citric acid, ammonia and the like, and in the process of treating electroplating wastewater by adopting a traditional chemical precipitation method, the heavy metal ions can not completely form hydroxide precipitation, and the content of the heavy metal ions in the additives is extremely easy to exceed the national wastewater discharge standard.
With the rapid development of electroplating industry and the increasing environmental protection requirement, at present, electroplating wastewater treatment begins to enter a clean production process and a total amount control stage, but advanced resource recycling and closed cycle are the main development directions.
The prior conventional electroplating wastewater treatment technology has the following problems:
the electroplating wastewater belongs to refractory wastewater, the stability of the conventional process is poor, and the discharged wastewater hardly reaches the standard.
A large amount of chemical agents are added in the treatment process, the salt content of the discharged wastewater is high, and the electric conductivity is more than 15000 us/cm.
The operation cost is high, the management is complex, and the operation cost of the electroplating wastewater reaches 30-50 yuan/ton.
The resource is wasted, water cannot be recycled, and metal ions are discharged into the water body;
the environment pollution, the discharged waste water still contains more pollutants, salt and the like, and particularly, the heavy metal is 'permanent pollutant', is transferred and accumulated in a biological chain, and finally harms the human health.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to:
in order to solve the problems of substandard discharge and much resource waste of the electroplating wastewater treatment discharge process in the prior art, an electroplating wastewater full-membrane process and a device are provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an electroplating effluent full membrane method device, includes synthesizes the equalizing basin, the entry intercommunication of synthesizing the equalizing basin has parallelly connected reduction pretreatment tank, broken cyanogen pretreatment tank and elementary sedimentation tank, and the export intercommunication of synthesizing the equalizing basin has submergence formula ultrafiltration system, submergence formula ultrafiltration system is connected with a formula RO system, a formula RO system connection has the DTRO system, the DTRO system all is connected with water recovery unit with a formula RO system, and the DTRO system still is connected with the evaporation crystallization system, the evaporation crystallization system is connected with metal recovery unit, evaporation crystallization system and comprehensive equalizing basin intercommunication.
Further, the immersed ultrafiltration system comprises a box body, wherein an MBR membrane module is installed in the box body.
Further, the roll-type RO system comprises a water inlet pipe, a water inlet pump and an RO membrane element, wherein the water inlet pipe is communicated with the RO membrane element, and an RO membrane shell is coated outside the RO membrane element.
Further, the DTRO system comprises a system support, the DTRO membrane element is installed on the system support, the DTRO membrane element is connected with a cleaning system, and the cleaning system comprises a water distribution tank, a cleaning pump and a filter.
The invention relates to a DTRO (disc tubular reverse osmosis) membrane which is a form of reverse osmosis and is used for treating a membrane component of high-concentration sewage. The DTRO system used in the invention is a two-stage DTRO treatment system, and can comprise a central control system, a sand filter, a first-stage reverse osmosis system, a second-stage reverse osmosis system, a percolate storage tank, a sulfuric acid storage tank, a purified water storage tank, a cleaning agent storage tank, a degassing tower and other components.
The electroplating wastewater full-membrane process technology is carried out by using the electroplating wastewater full-membrane process device, and comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out reduction pretreatment on the chromium-containing wastewater, and introducing the chromium-containing wastewater into a comprehensive regulating tank;
s2, carrying out cyanogen breaking pretreatment on the cyanide-containing wastewater, and introducing the cyanide-containing wastewater into a comprehensive regulating tank;
s3, introducing the other waste water except the chromium-containing waste water and the cyanide-containing waste water into a primary sedimentation tank for primary sedimentation, and then introducing the waste water into a comprehensive adjusting tank;
s4, regulating the wastewater gathered in the step S1-S3 in a comprehensive regulating reservoir, and introducing the wastewater into an immersed ultrafiltration system;
s5, carrying out ultrafiltration on the wastewater in an immersed ultrafiltration system, and introducing the treated wastewater into a roll-type RO system;
s6, separating and filtering the wastewater in a roll-type RO system to remove calcium, magnesium, bacteria, viruses, organic matters, inorganic matters and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, introducing the treated wastewater into a DTRO system, and recycling the separated water;
s7, carrying out secondary separation and filtration on the wastewater in a DTRO system, recycling water produced by the secondary separation, and introducing the treated wastewater concentrated solution into an evaporative crystallization system;
and S8, carrying out evaporative crystallization on the wastewater concentrated solution in an evaporative crystallization system, recycling the metal produced after crystallization, and introducing the evaporated condensate back to the comprehensive adjusting tank in the step S4 for retreatment.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the electroplating wastewater full-membrane process and the electroplating wastewater full-membrane equipment provided by the invention have the advantages that water and crystals finally treated are all recycled, and the residual concentrated wastewater can be recycled, so that zero discharge and resource recycling are realized, the environment is not polluted, and the electroplating wastewater full-membrane process and the electroplating wastewater full-membrane equipment are particularly suitable for areas without environment capacity.
2. The invention has simple process flow and low operation cost, and greatly reduces the occupied area of the structure.
3. The invention carries out MCR pretreatment on the wastewater, ensures the water inlet requirement of the subsequent reverse osmosis membrane and improves the treatment efficiency.
4. The invention organically combines roll type RO and DTRO, realizes high-power concentration, saves energy, reduces consumption, and reduces investment and energy consumption of an evaporative crystallization system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the overall apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the submerged ultrafiltration system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the roll RO system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the DTRO system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a flow parameter diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1-comprehensive adjusting tank, 2-reduction pretreatment tank, 3-cyanogen breaking pretreatment tank, 4-primary sedimentation tank, 5-immersion ultrafiltration system, 6-roll type RO system, 7-DTRO system, 8-water recovery device, 9-evaporative crystallization system, 10-metal recovery device, 11-MBR membrane module, 12-box body, 13-RO membrane shell, 14-water inlet pipe, 15-system bracket and 16-DTRO membrane module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention relates to a full-film process for electroplating wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out reduction pretreatment on the chromium-containing wastewater, and introducing the chromium-containing wastewater into a comprehensive regulating tank 1;
s2, carrying out cyanogen breaking pretreatment on the cyanide-containing wastewater, and introducing the cyanide-containing wastewater into the comprehensive regulating tank 1;
s3, introducing the other waste water except the chromium-containing waste water and the cyanide-containing waste water into a primary sedimentation tank 4 for primary sedimentation, and then introducing the waste water into a comprehensive adjusting tank 1;
s4, regulating the wastewater gathered in the step S1-S3 in the comprehensive regulating tank 1, and introducing the wastewater into an immersed ultrafiltration system 5;
s5, carrying out ultrafiltration on the wastewater in the immersed ultrafiltration system 5, and introducing the treated wastewater into a roll-type RO system 6; the immersed ultrafiltration system 5, namely an MCR ultrafiltration system, can carry out MCR pretreatment, ensures the water inlet requirement of a subsequent reverse osmosis membrane and improves the treatment efficiency;
s6, separating and filtering the wastewater in the roll-type RO system 6 to remove calcium, magnesium, bacteria, viruses, organic matters, inorganic matters and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, introducing the treated wastewater into a DTRO system 7, and recycling the separated water;
s7, carrying out secondary separation and filtration on the wastewater in the DTRO system 7, recycling the water produced by the secondary separation, and introducing the treated wastewater concentrated solution into an evaporative crystallization system 9; organically combines roll type RO and DTRO, realizes high-power concentration, saves energy, reduces consumption, and reduces investment and energy consumption of the evaporative crystallization system 9.
S8, carrying out evaporative crystallization on the wastewater concentrated solution in the evaporative crystallization system 9, recycling the metal produced after crystallization, and introducing the evaporated condensate back to the comprehensive adjusting tank 1 in the step S4 for retreatment.
Finally, the treated water and crystals are all recycled, and the residual concentrated wastewater can be recycled, so that zero discharge and resource recycling are realized, the environment is not polluted, and the method is particularly suitable for areas without environment capacity.
In practice, the parameters of the process of the invention may be set as follows:
MCR conventional process parameters:
pH3-10；
operating pressure range: -50Kpa to-10 Kpa;
and (3) water flux produced by the ultrafiltration membrane: 15-30L/m2. h.
Roll type RO conventional technological parameters:
pH3-10；
operating pressure range: 1.5Mpa to-4.0 Mpa;
water flux produced by the RO membrane: 15-25L/m2. h;
and (3) water recovery rate: 70-80%;
metal ion removal rate: 98-99.9 percent.
DTRO general process parameters:
pH3-10；
operating pressure range: 5.0 to-9.0 Mpa;
water flux produced by the RO membrane: 10-20L/m2. h;
and (3) water recovery rate: 70-80%;
metal ion removal rate: 98-99.9 percent.
With 1000m of inlet water3The water quantity and the water quality are implemented as follows:
the following table 1 shows the processing conditions of each processing unit in the implementation of the full-film process:
TABLE 1
The following table 2 shows the water quality of the inlet water and the reuse water in the implementation:
| item | Nickel-containing wastewater | Copper-containing wastewater | Comprehensive waste water | |
| pH | ||||
| 5～7 | 3～4 | 3～5 | 6.5～8.5 | |
| COD | 80～100 | 80～100 | 300～400 | ≤20 |
| Total nickel | 80～200 | - | - | ≤0.05 |
| |
10～20 | ～100 | 50～100 | ≤0.05 |
| |
10～20 | ～150 | - | ≤0.1 |
| Electrical conductivity of | 6000 | 6000 | 6000 | ≤200 |
TABLE 2
(concentration unit mg/L, conductivity us/cm, pH dimensionless)
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an electroplating effluent full-membrane method device, its characterized in that, includes and synthesizes equalizing basin (1), the entry intercommunication of synthesizing equalizing basin (1) has parallelly connected reduction pretreatment tank (2), broken cyanogen pretreatment tank (3) and elementary sedimentation tank (4), and the export intercommunication of synthesizing equalizing basin (1) has submergence formula ultrafiltration system (5), submergence formula ultrafiltration system (5) are connected with a formula RO system (6), formula RO system (6) are connected with DTRO system (7), DTRO system (7) and RO formula system (6) all are connected with water recovery unit (8), and DTRO system (7) still are connected with evaporation crystallization system (9), evaporation crystallization system (9) are connected with metal recovery device (10), and evaporation crystallization system (9) and synthesis equalizing basin (1) intercommunication.
2. The electroplating wastewater full-membrane method device according to claim 1, wherein the submerged ultrafiltration system (5) comprises a box body (12), and an MBR membrane module (11) is installed in the box body (12).
3. The device for the whole membrane method of the electroplating wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the roll-type RO system (6) comprises a water inlet pipe (14), a water inlet pump and an RO membrane element, the water inlet pipe (14) is communicated with the RO membrane element, and the RO membrane element is externally coated with an RO membrane shell (13).
4. The device for the whole membrane method of the electroplating wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the DTRO system (7) comprises a system bracket (15), a DTRO membrane element (16) is installed on the system bracket (15), and a cleaning system is connected with the DTRO membrane element (16) and comprises a water distribution tank, a cleaning pump and a filter.
5. The electroplating wastewater full-membrane process technology is carried out by using the electroplating wastewater full-membrane process device, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, carrying out reduction pretreatment on the chromium-containing wastewater, and introducing the chromium-containing wastewater into a comprehensive regulating tank (1);
s2, carrying out cyanogen breaking pretreatment on the cyanide-containing wastewater, and introducing the cyanide-containing wastewater into a comprehensive regulating tank (1);
s3, introducing the other waste water except the chromium-containing waste water and the cyanide-containing waste water into a primary sedimentation tank (4) for primary sedimentation, and then introducing the waste water into a comprehensive adjusting tank (1);
s4, regulating the wastewater gathered in the steps S1-S3 in the comprehensive regulating tank (1), and introducing the wastewater into an immersed ultrafiltration system (5);
s5, carrying out ultrafiltration on the wastewater in the immersed ultrafiltration system (5), and introducing the treated wastewater into a roll-type RO system (6);
s6, separating and filtering the wastewater in the roll-type RO system (6), removing calcium, magnesium, bacteria, viruses, organic matters, inorganic matters and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, introducing the treated wastewater into a DTRO system (7), and recycling the separated water;
s7, carrying out secondary separation and filtration on the wastewater in a DTRO system (7), recycling water produced by the secondary separation, and introducing the treated wastewater concentrated solution into an evaporative crystallization system (9);
s8, carrying out evaporative crystallization on the wastewater concentrated solution in the evaporative crystallization system (9), recycling the metal produced after crystallization, and returning the evaporated condensate to the comprehensive adjusting tank (1) in the step S4 for retreatment.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113548757A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-10-26 | 山东建筑大学 | Zero-discharge treatment process for chromium-containing wastewater |
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