CN102358644A - Membrane treatment process for heavy metal waste water generated during PCB production process - Google Patents
Membrane treatment process for heavy metal waste water generated during PCB production process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a membrane treatment process for heavy metal waste water generated during a printed circuit board (PCB) production process. According to the present invention, firstly large granular suspended matters are removed from acidic heavy metal waste water containing copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, nickel and the like by a filtration bag, wherein the acidic heavy metal waste water containing the copper, the lead, the chromium, the cadmium, the nickel and the like is generated during the PCB production process; then a nano-filtration system is adopted to realize pre-concentration; finally a reverse osmosis system is adopted to deep concentrate and recover the heavy metal ions in the waste water, wherein the resulting concentrated solution can be adopted for electrolysis, the resulting dialysis solution and the comprehensive waste water pass through the nano-filtration membrane, such that the processed dialysis solution can meet the discharge standard. The process of the present invention has advantages of low resource consumption, less environmental pollution, good economic benefits and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of method that the waste water that produces in the printed substrate production process is handled, especially to the treatment process of the heavy metal wastewater thereby of the cupric that produces in printed substrate (PCB) production process, lead, chromium, cadmium, nickel etc.
Background technology
Raising along with China's up-to-dateness; Demand to electronic product is increasing; And high-new electronic component rides on the printed substrate more mostly, so all can have every day a large amount of printed substrates to produce, and inevitably can produce a large amount of heavy metal wastewater therebies.Can repeatedly relate to the electro-coppering operation in the PCB production process; And the plating plate is easy to oxidized; Need to adopt hydrochloric acid and ydrogen peroxide 50 that it is carried out pickling before being for further processing and remove zone of oxidation, so can produce a large amount of pickling waste waterss, heavy metal ion content main in this type of waste water is higher.Comprehensive wastewater then is meant the waste water that contains multiple metal that produces in the pre-process and post-process operations such as oil removing in printed circuit board making processes, development, and this type of waste water generally converges a place, focuses on, and therefore is referred to as comprehensive wastewater.Plurality of heavy metal can and lose activity it with the interaction of physiology polymer substance after getting into human body, also possibly be accumulated in human body and cause chronic poisoning; When heavy metal wastewater thereby is used to irrigate, can make the soil salinization, influence crop growth.Therefore, consider that heavy metal wastewater thereby is essential can to reclaim valuable metal wherein on the one hand through handling, and the more important thing is the infringement that reduces environment from health of human body, agricultural development and environment protection angle.
At present, the processing research to heavy metal wastewater thereby has become metallurgy, the common focus of paying close attention to of environment specialist.Treatment technology to heavy metal wastewater thereby mainly contains chemical method, ion exchange method, biological process etc. at present.But these methods all are that deposition or easy to handle form are more transferred in heavy metal contamination.
Publication number is the method that the patent of CN 101974695A discloses a kind of Treatment of Copper waste water; This method is mainly through after the acidity of regulating waste water; Under the situation that adds suitable additive; With iron displacement reduction copper wherein, the copper-containing wastewater copper concentration of its processing can access the very high recovery under the condition of auxiliary certain additive about 30g/L.But this method need add iron and replace, and generally can not prepare high-grade copper, and its surface has impurity unavoidably and exists.
Neutralisation promptly adds medicament in waste liquid, make heavy metal ion in the waste water form the less oxyhydroxide of solubleness or carbonate deposition and be able to remove.Medicaments such as soda-lime are cheap, can remove the heavy metal beyond the removal of mercury, and are easy and simple to handle.But neutralisation can generate a large amount of heavy metal slags, causes secondary pollution easily, and the water after sometimes handling can not reach emission standard.
Publication number is the treatment system that CN 101003396A patent of invention discloses the little erosion copper-containing wastewater of a kind of PC board, and it comprises the copper separation system, electrolytic system, waste water preprocessing system and waste water after-treatment system.Its copper separation system comprises an extracting and separating machine and a reextraction separating machine, and electrolytic system adopts diaphragm electrolysis, and Waste Water Treatment comprises oil removal groove, up-down oil header etc. before and after it.This method can effectively be handled little erosion copper-containing wastewater, but the oil removal treatment effect to copper-containing wastewater directly influences electrolysis effectiveness in its electrolysis flow process, is not easy to control.
Notification number is that the patent of invention of CN1403385 provides a kind of cyanogen system and contained galvanized pair of circulation recovery method of heavy metal, and he may further comprise the steps: retrieving arrangement exchanges, regenerator is handled, destroy cryanide ion, reclaim heavy metal.Its retrieving arrangement adopts ion exchange column, and the prussiate heavy metal ion in the absorption waste water is adsorbed saturated and desorb, and stripping liquid can reclaim at negative electrode and obtain heavy metal again through electrowinning process.But this technology intermediate ion exchange resin regeneration difficulty needs often to change, and influences production efficiency.
Because the heavy metal wastewater thereby conventional processes, especially the plurality of heavy metal slag of neutralization precipitation method generation has caused a lot of heavy metal contamination incidents, and it is extremely urgent to develop new process for treating heavy-metal waste water.The problem that new technology at first will solve should be how thoroughly to handle heavy metal wastewater thereby, stops secondary pollution.Also to consider simultaneously processing cost and produce quality and resource recovery etc.Membrane technique is development in recent years subject very rapidly, and it has advantages such as technology is simple, effluent quality good, processing cost is low, is applied in a lot of fields.Wherein more than 95%, reverse osmosis membrane can be held back all solutes to nf membrane to the rejection of high volence metal ion, only lets water see through.The heavy metal wastewater thereby that the printed substrate production process produces contains multiple metals ion; Neutralisation forms secondary pollution easily; Substitution method consumption pure metal and product purity are wayward; The relative membrane technique of the cost of ion exchange method is higher, so the membrane technique processing scheme that the present invention adopted all has remarkable advantages on treatment effect still is processing cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the deficiency that the technology to the heavy metal wastewater thereby that produces in the existing PCB of the processing production process exists, the membrane treatment process of the heavy metal wastewater thereby of the cupric that produces in a kind of PCB production process of energy-conserving and environment-protective, lead, chromium, cadmium, nickel etc. is provided.
The membrane method treating process of the heavy metal wastewater thereby that produces in a kind of PCB production process comprises the steps:
1) filter bag is handled: with adding flocculation agent in the acid waste water that produces in the PCB production process, remove the particle that is not less than 1 μ m in the waste water with filter bag again, the filter bag aperture is 0.1-5 μ m;
2) nf membrane is filtered: filtrating that will be after filter bag is handled is through the nf membrane of membrane pore size 1-5nm, nanofiltration realization pre-concentration;
3) reverse osmosis membrane concentrates: will lead to the reverse osmosis membrane of membrane pore size at 0.1-1nm through the dialyzate of nf membrane; The realization degree of depth concentrates; Reclaim the heavy metal in the solution, liquid concentrator is used for electrolysis, and the dialyzate of reverse osmosis membrane passes through nf membrane after can being mixed together with comprehensive wastewater.
Can repeatedly relate to the electro-coppering operation in the PCB production process; And the plating plate is easy to oxidized; Need to adopt hydrochloric acid and ydrogen peroxide 50 that it is carried out pickling before being for further processing and remove zone of oxidation, so can produce a large amount of acid waste water, heavy metal ion content main in this type of waste water is higher.Comprehensive wastewater then is meant the waste water that contains multiple metal that produces in the pre-process and post-process operations such as oil removing in printed circuit board making processes, development, and this type of waste water generally converges a place, focuses on, and therefore is referred to as comprehensive wastewater.
The flocculation agent that adds in the step 1) is SEPIGEL 305 (PAM) or gathers aluminium or gather iron, and the amount that adds is 5-30ml/L.
The material of the filter bag of step 1) is Vestolen PP 7052, Vilaterm or tetrafluoroethylene class.
Step 2) operational condition is: service temperature is 20-40 ℃, and pressure is 0.5-2.0MPa.
The operational condition of the r-o-in the step 3) is: service temperature is 20-40 ℃, and pressure is 0.75-3.0MPa.
The material of the membrane module of described nf membrane and reverse osmosis membrane is an organic polymer, wherein the face material be derivatived cellulose class, polysulfones or and polyamide-based, the face propping material is polyester or polyolefins.
Said nf membrane and reverse osmosis membrane are board-like film, rolled film or tubular membrane.
Through after the above-mentioned processing, the penetrating fluid that sees through film is consistent with the comprehensive wastewater composition, can be directly through qualified discharge after the nanofiltration membrane treatment; The liquid concentrator that does not see through film then can get into electrowinning process, through electrolytic recovery heavy metals such as copper wherein.
The present invention's membrane separation technique efficiently combines with traditional low-cost physical chemistry method; Formation is intended the heavy metal wastewater thereby that produces in the PCB production process and is adopted the novel process that pre-treatment+nanofiltration+r-o-two-stage membrane process replaces traditional neutralization precipitation method that the heavy metal wastewater thereby that produces in the PCB production process is handled; Prevented the transfer of polluting, novel process possesses advantages such as processing efficiency height, environmental protection and energy saving and low cost.Under the influence of national energy-saving and emission-reduction policy, the development prospect of this technology is very optimistic.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of technology according to the invention.
Embodiment
For technique means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect and be easy to understand and understand, further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and can not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Through the filter bag pretreatment system, filtrating (300 liters) gets into the rolling nanofiltration system of membrane pore size greater than 1nm to the general pickling waste waters that produces in the PCB production process behind flocculation sediment, and the service temperature of control nanofiltration system is 30 ℃, and pressure is 1.25MPa; Liquid concentrator (30L) is 40 ℃ in temperature again, and pressure is to be the reverse osmosis membrane system of 0.2nm through the aperture under the condition of 2.0MPa, finally obtains liquid concentrator (5 liters), and wherein copper ion concentration reaches 3g/L, can get into electrowinning process; Obtain nanofiltration penetrating fluid (270 liters), with the comprehensive wastewater constituent class seemingly, so can be mixed into nanofiltration system with comprehensive wastewater, the service temperature of nanofiltration system is 30 ℃, pressure is 3.0MPa.
Embodiment 2:
Through the filter bag pretreatment system, filtrating (300 liters) gets into the rolling nanofiltration system of membrane pore size greater than 1nm to the general pickling waste waters that produces in the PCB production process behind flocculation sediment, and the service temperature of control nanofiltration system is 35 ℃, and pressure is 2.0MPa; Liquid concentrator (60L) is 40 ℃ in temperature again, and pressure is to be the reverse osmosis membrane system of 0.2nm through the aperture under the condition of 2.0MPa.Finally obtain liquid concentrator (6 liters), wherein the about 1g/L of nickel ion concentration can get into electrowinning process; Obtain nanofiltration penetrating fluid (240 liters), with the comprehensive wastewater constituent class seemingly, so can be mixed into nanofiltration system with comprehensive wastewater, the service temperature of nanofiltration system is 35 ℃, pressure is 2.5MPa.
Embodiment 3:
Through the filter bag pretreatment system, filtrating (300 liters) liter gets into the rolling nanofiltration system of membrane pore size greater than 1nm to the comprehensive wastewater that produces in the PCB production process behind flocculation sediment, and the temperature of control nanofiltration system is 20 ℃, and working pressure is 1.25MPa.Finally obtain 270L penetrating fluid and 30L liquid concentrator, liquid concentrator can get into the reverse-osmosis treated operation of general pickling waste waters, sees through fluid power and reaches discharging standards, can directly discharge.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification sheets just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.The present invention requires protection domain to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. the membrane method treating process of the heavy metal wastewater thereby that produces in the PCB production process is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) filter bag is handled: with adding flocculation agent in the acid waste water that produces in the PCB production process, remove the particle that is not less than 1 μ m in the waste water with filter bag again, the filter bag aperture is 0.1-5 μ m;
2) nf membrane is filtered: filtrating that will be after filter bag is handled is through the nf membrane of membrane pore size 1-5nm, nanofiltration realization pre-concentration;
3) reverse osmosis membrane concentrates: will lead to the reverse osmosis membrane of membrane pore size at 0.1-1nm through the dialyzate of nf membrane; The realization degree of depth concentrates; Reclaim the heavy metal in the solution, liquid concentrator is used for electrolysis, and the dialyzate of reverse osmosis membrane passes through nf membrane after can being mixed together with comprehensive wastewater.
2. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the flocculation agent that adds in the step 1) is PAM or gathers aluminium or gather iron, and the amount that adds is 5-30ml/L.
3. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of the filter bag of step 1) is Vestolen PP 7052, Vilaterm or tetrafluoroethylene class.
4. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) operational condition be: service temperature is 20-40 ℃, and pressure is 0.5-2.0MPa.
5. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the operational condition of the r-o-in the step 3) is: service temperature is 20-40 ℃, and pressure is 0.75-2.0MPa.
6. technology according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The material of the membrane module of described nf membrane and reverse osmosis membrane is an organic polymer, wherein the face material be derivatived cellulose class, polysulfones or and polyamide-based, the face propping material is polyester or polyolefins.
7. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said nf membrane and reverse osmosis membrane are board-like film, rolled film or tubular membrane.
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| CN201110177509XA CN102358644A (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Membrane treatment process for heavy metal waste water generated during PCB production process |
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| CN201110177509XA CN102358644A (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Membrane treatment process for heavy metal waste water generated during PCB production process |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN102560536A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-07-11 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Silver electrolyte purifying method |
| CN102583831A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 广西宇达水处理设备工程有限公司 | Wastewater treatment and reusing membrane separation treatment technology |
| CN103265094A (en) * | 2013-06-01 | 2013-08-28 | 山东天维膜技术有限公司 | Method for recycling nitric acid and copper from waste water generated in production of printed circuit board |
| CN104229940A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-24 | 扬州佳境环境设备有限公司 | Copper and ammonia complexed waste water resource recovery and zero discharge membrane system and application thereof, and handling method for realizing copper and ammonia complexed waste water resource recovery and zero discharge |
| CN104310673A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-28 | 北川天讯新材料有限公司 | Method for physically treating complexing metal ion wastewater |
| CN104386860A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-04 | 东莞市导谷电子材料科技有限公司 | Method for treating complex metal ion wastewater |
| CN104628196A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州宏达环保科技有限公司 | Combined treatment method for metallurgical wastewater |
| CN109467262A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-15 | 深圳骏泽环保有限公司 | Board wastewater processing method based on special membrane |
| CN110143646A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-20 | 埃姆媞（无锡）分离技术有限公司 | The method for concentration of printed circuit board production process copper-containing wastewater |
| CN110950475A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-03 | 深圳市荣伟业电子有限公司 | Method for online collecting palladium-containing wastewater in circuit board manufacturing process and treating palladium in palladium-containing wastewater |
| CN112080763A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-15 | 昆山卫司特环保设备有限公司 | Electrolytic recovery device for copper-containing waste liquid of printed circuit board |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560536A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-07-11 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Silver electrolyte purifying method |
| CN102583831A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 广西宇达水处理设备工程有限公司 | Wastewater treatment and reusing membrane separation treatment technology |
| CN103265094A (en) * | 2013-06-01 | 2013-08-28 | 山东天维膜技术有限公司 | Method for recycling nitric acid and copper from waste water generated in production of printed circuit board |
| CN104229940A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-24 | 扬州佳境环境设备有限公司 | Copper and ammonia complexed waste water resource recovery and zero discharge membrane system and application thereof, and handling method for realizing copper and ammonia complexed waste water resource recovery and zero discharge |
| CN104310673A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-28 | 北川天讯新材料有限公司 | Method for physically treating complexing metal ion wastewater |
| CN104386860A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-04 | 东莞市导谷电子材料科技有限公司 | Method for treating complex metal ion wastewater |
| CN104386860B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-08-31 | 东莞市导谷电子材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method processing complexation of metal ions waste water |
| CN104628196A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州宏达环保科技有限公司 | Combined treatment method for metallurgical wastewater |
| CN109467262A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-15 | 深圳骏泽环保有限公司 | Board wastewater processing method based on special membrane |
| CN112080763A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-15 | 昆山卫司特环保设备有限公司 | Electrolytic recovery device for copper-containing waste liquid of printed circuit board |
| CN110143646A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-20 | 埃姆媞（无锡）分离技术有限公司 | The method for concentration of printed circuit board production process copper-containing wastewater |
| CN110950475A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-03 | 深圳市荣伟业电子有限公司 | Method for online collecting palladium-containing wastewater in circuit board manufacturing process and treating palladium in palladium-containing wastewater |
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Application publication date: 20120222 |