CN113258568B - Low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN113258568B CN113258568B CN202110643469.7A CN202110643469A CN113258568B CN 113258568 B CN113258568 B CN 113258568B CN 202110643469 A CN202110643469 A CN 202110643469A CN 113258568 B CN113258568 B CN 113258568B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/04—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
- H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the Internet of things, which comprises a monitoring unit, wherein the monitoring unit comprises a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a communication module, a current generation module and a microprocessor; networking is carried out among the monitoring units through a communication module; the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the temperature acquisition module, the communication module, the current generation unit and the microprocessor are all positioned on a PCB; the monitoring unit on the circuit breaker at the inlet side of the household meter is used for collecting the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a first metering signal through conversion; the microprocessor acquires second metering information of the electric energy meter through the communication module to compare with the first metering information so as to judge whether the metering of the electric energy meter is out of alignment. The invention has the advantages of measurement misalignment monitoring, topology identification, accuracy judgment, simple structure, simple installation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of low-voltage distribution networks, in particular to a low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the Internet of things.
Background
In recent years, the economy of China is developed at a high speed, the popularization rate of the intelligent electric energy meter is higher and the application of the electric energy meter state evaluation technology is wider. The intelligent electric energy meter state evaluation technology is divided into a batch life prediction early warning technology and an online metering state evaluation technology. The method is characterized in that a batch life pre-warning technology of the electric energy meter is generally used, an electric power enterprise registers the electric energy meter installed on site according to production batches, installation dates and the like, then samples and detects the electric energy meter in a certain period according to relevant verification rules of the enterprise, and if the proportion of unqualified electric energy meters in the verification electric energy meter reaches a pre-warning line, the electric energy meters in the same batch of the same manufacturer are judged to have problems, and the whole batch is required to be replaced. In the batch, the electric energy meter which is qualified in inspection can be replaced, so that energy conservation, environmental protection and social resource waste are not facilitated; and the old table is detached after the table is replaced, and huge labor and logistics cost increase is generated in the work of purchasing and installing the new table.
In addition, the low-voltage distribution network is used as the tail end of the power grid, is directly oriented to the market, serves the forefront of clients, and has the characteristics of large volume, wide distribution, complex power supply environment, diversified requirements and the like. In low voltage distribution networks, the lack or inaccuracy of network topology information is a concern. The accurate phase and topology connection relation of the user side has important significance for operation and maintenance management of the power distribution network.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the Internet of things, which has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity and convenience in installation and metering misalignment monitoring.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the Internet of things comprises a four-layer structure consisting of a transformer, a branch box, a meter box and a household meter; the circuit breaker comprises a circuit breaker, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a communication module, a current generation module and a microprocessor, wherein the circuit breaker is in a four-layer structure; networking is carried out among the monitoring units through a communication module; the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the temperature acquisition module, the communication module, the current generation unit and the microprocessor are all positioned on a PCB, and the PCB is provided with a wire inlet end and a wire outlet end; the wire inlet end is connected with the circuit, and the wire outlet end is connected with the wire inlet side of the circuit breaker;
the microprocessor is respectively connected with the voltage acquisition module and the current acquisition module and is used for acquiring the voltage signal and the current signal to convert the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a first metering signal; the microprocessor is connected with the electric energy meter through the communication module and is used for acquiring second metering information of the electric energy meter; the microprocessor is used for judging whether the metering of the electric energy meter is out of alignment according to the comparison result of the first metering signal and the second metering information.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the processor is also used for acquiring a voltage signal and a current signal to obtain an active power change value, a reactive power change value and a harmonic wave change value in a preset time period, and performing topology identification according to the active power change value, the reactive power change value and the harmonic wave change value.
And a decoupling unit is arranged on one side of the outlet end of the PCB.
And a heat insulation plate is arranged between the PCB and the dissociation unit.
The cloud server is connected with each monitoring unit through a communication module, and the mobile terminal is in communication connection with the cloud server.
The invention also discloses a measuring method of the low-voltage distribution station system based on the Internet of things, which comprises a measuring misalignment measuring method and comprises the following specific steps:
the voltage acquisition module acquires a voltage signal, the current acquisition module acquires a current signal, and the microprocessor is used for acquiring the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a first metering signal in a conversion way;
the microprocessor acquires second metering information of the electric energy meter through a communication module;
the microprocessor is used for judging whether the metering of the electric energy meter is out of alignment according to the comparison result of the first metering signal and the second metering information.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the topology measurement method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a voltage signal and a current signal to obtain an active power change value, a reactive power change value and a harmonic wave change value of a preset time period;
and carrying out topology identification according to the active power change value, the reactive power change and the harmonic wave change value.
If the active power change value or the reactive power change value or the harmonic change value is in the same interval within the preset time period, the point nodes are considered to belong to the same layer structure, and topology identification is completed in sequence.
In another embodiment, the topology measurement method may further be:
the current generation modules of the monitoring units sequentially generate pulse current signals;
the current acquisition modules of the monitoring units are used for acquiring pulse current signals for analysis to obtain topological positions of the pulse current signals, so that topological relations of the low-voltage distribution transformer areas are formed;
the microprocessor of the monitoring unit positioned on the outgoing line side of the transformer acquires voltage signals of other monitoring units through the corresponding communication modules, and acquires impedance data of each line through the voltage signals;
and judging the accuracy of the topological relation of the low-voltage distribution transformer area according to the impedance data of each line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the Internet of things, the monitoring units are arranged on the circuit breakers, the voltage and current signals are collected through the monitoring units, so that first metering information is obtained, then the first metering information is compared with second metering information of the electric energy meter, whether the electric energy meter is in misalignment or not is judged according to a comparison result, and the judgment process is simple, high in accuracy and high in applicability; on the basis, the active power change value, the reactive power change value and the harmonic change value in a preset time period are obtained through each monitoring unit according to the voltage signals and the current signals, and then topology identification is carried out according to the active power change value, the reactive power change value and the harmonic change value; the monitoring unit can realize the functions of metering misalignment monitoring, topology identification, topology accuracy judgment and the like, is simple in structure, is connected in series in a circuit at the front end of the circuit breaker, and is simple and convenient to install.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-voltage distribution block system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a topology diagram of a monitoring unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Legend description: 1. a monitoring unit; 11. a voltage acquisition module; 12. a current collection module; 13. a temperature acquisition module; 14. a communication module; 15. a current generation module; 16. a microprocessor; 17. a PCB board; 18. a heat insulating plate; 19. eliminating free units.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the internet of things of the embodiment comprises a four-layer structure composed of a transformer, a branch box, a meter box and a household meter; the circuit breaker is characterized in that the wire inlet ends of the circuit breakers in the four-layer structure are connected in series with a monitoring unit 1, and the monitoring unit 1 comprises a voltage acquisition module 11, a current acquisition module 12, a temperature acquisition module 13, a communication module 14, a current generation module 15 and a microprocessor 16; networking is carried out among the monitoring units 1 through a communication module 14; the method comprises the steps that a voltage acquisition module 11 of a monitoring unit 1 on a circuit breaker on the incoming line side of a household meter acquires a voltage signal, a current acquisition module 12 acquires a current signal, and a microprocessor 16 is respectively connected with the voltage acquisition module 11 and the current acquisition module 12 and is used for acquiring the voltage signal and the current signal to convert the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a first metering signal; the microprocessor 16 is connected with the electric energy meter through the communication module 14 and is used for acquiring second metering information of the electric energy meter; the microprocessor 16 is configured to determine whether the electric energy meter is misaligned according to a comparison result of the first measurement signal and the second measurement information, and if the comparison result is greater than a preset threshold value, determine that the electric energy meter is misaligned;
further, the microprocessor 16 is further configured to obtain the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain an active power variation value, a reactive power variation value and a harmonic variation value for a preset period of time, and then perform topology identification according to the active power variation value, the reactive power variation value and the harmonic variation value.
According to the low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the Internet of things, the monitoring units 1 are arranged on the circuit breakers, the first metering information is obtained through the collection of the voltage and current signals by the monitoring units 1, then the first metering information is compared with the second metering information of the electric energy meter, whether the electric energy meter is in misalignment or not is judged according to the comparison result, the judgment process is simple, the precision is high, and the applicability is strong; on the basis, the active power change value, the reactive power change value and the harmonic change value in a preset time period are obtained through each monitoring unit according to the voltage signals and the current signals, and then topology identification is carried out according to the active power change value, the reactive power change value and the harmonic change value; the monitoring unit 1 can realize the functions of metering misalignment monitoring, topology identification, topology accuracy judgment and the like, has a simple structure, is connected in series in a circuit at the front end of the circuit breaker, and is simple and convenient to install.
In one embodiment, the current generating module 15 of each monitoring unit 1 is configured to sequentially generate pulse current signals; the current acquisition module 12 of each monitoring unit 1 is used for acquiring pulse current signals for analysis to obtain the topological position of the pulse current signals; the microprocessor 16 of the monitoring unit 1 located at the outgoing line side of the transformer is configured to obtain voltage signals of other monitoring units 1 through the corresponding communication module 14, and obtain impedance data of each line through the voltage signals. Injecting pulse current into the line through each monitoring unit 1 in turn, then collecting and analyzing each pulse current through each monitoring unit 1, so as to analyze the topological position of each pulse current, finally forming a topological graph of a low-voltage distribution transformer area, and mutually verifying the topological graph obtained through power and harmonic variation and the topological graph obtained through the pulse current; finally, the voltage signals acquired by the monitoring units 1 can be used for obtaining the impedance data of each line through the voltage signals, so that the accuracy of the topological graph is confirmed again, and the accuracy of the topological measurement is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, in a specific embodiment, the voltage collecting module 11, the current collecting module 12, the temperature collecting module 13, the communication module 14, the current generating unit and the microprocessor 16 are all located on a PCB board 17, and the PCB board 17 is provided with an incoming line end and an outgoing line end; the incoming line end is connected with the line, and the outgoing line end is connected with the incoming line side of the circuit breaker. Wherein one side of the PCB 17 at the wire outlet end is provided with a dissociation unit 19, and a thermal insulation board 18 is arranged between the PCB 17 and the dissociation unit 19. The arc elimination unit 19 is used for preventing the arc from being sprayed outwards when the circuit breaker is in short-circuit fault protection, and the arc elimination unit is blocked at the arc spraying port of the circuit breaker, so that the arc elimination unit can prevent the recombination and the diffusion of arc elimination and ensure the safety protection. Wherein the heat shield 18 is used to prevent the temperature of the outlet and the deionization unit 19 from affecting the proper operation of the modules on the PCB.
In a specific embodiment, the system further includes a cloud server and a mobile terminal, the cloud server is connected to each monitoring unit 1 through the communication module 14, and the mobile terminal is in communication connection with the cloud server. When the voltage signal or the current signal or the temperature signal exceeds a preset threshold, alarm information is sent to the cloud server, and then corresponding staff are reminded to process through the mobile terminal.
The invention also discloses a measuring method of the low-voltage distribution station system based on the Internet of things, which comprises a measuring misalignment measuring method and comprises the following specific steps:
the voltage acquisition module 11 acquires a voltage signal, the current acquisition module 12 acquires a current signal, and the microprocessor 16 is used for acquiring the voltage signal and the current signal to convert the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a first metering signal;
the microprocessor 16 obtains second metering information of the electric energy meter through the communication module 14;
the microprocessor 16 is configured to determine whether the electric energy meter is misaligned according to the comparison result of the first metering signal and the second metering information.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises a topology measurement method, comprising the steps of:
and acquiring a voltage signal and a current signal to obtain an active power change value, a reactive power change value and a harmonic change value in a preset time period, and performing topology identification according to the active power change value, the reactive power change value and the harmonic change value.
Specifically, if the active power change value or the reactive power change value or the harmonic change value is in the same interval within the preset time period, the point nodes are considered to belong to the same layer structure, and topology identification is completed in sequence.
Of course, in other embodiments, the current generation module 15 of each monitoring unit 1 may also be used to generate a pulse current signal for topology identification, specifically:
the current generation module 15 of each monitoring unit 1 sequentially generates pulse current signals;
the current acquisition module 12 of each monitoring unit 1 is used for acquiring pulse current signals for analysis to obtain the topological position of the pulse current signals, so that the topological relation of the low-voltage distribution transformer area is formed;
the microprocessor 16 of the monitoring unit 1 positioned on the outgoing line side of the transformer acquires voltage signals of other monitoring units 1 through the corresponding communication module 14, and acquires impedance data of each line through the voltage signals;
and judging the accuracy of the topological relation of the low-voltage distribution transformer area according to the impedance data of each line.
In a specific embodiment, the current generating module 15 is configured to generate a pulse current signal (current coding signal) that can be identified by other monitoring units 1 in the same branch, detect (rise) a voltage zero crossing point, wait 7ms after detecting the voltage zero crossing (fixed delay 2 ms), open a corresponding I O port of the microprocessor 16, and perform high current pulse injection; and automatically closing after zero crossing to finish short-time current pulse injection.
And mutually verifying the topological graph obtained through power and harmonic variation and the topological graph obtained through pulse current. Of course, the accuracy of the topology map can be confirmed again by the voltage signals collected by the monitoring units 1 and the impedance data of each line can be obtained by the voltage signals, so that the accuracy of the topology measurement can be ensured.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention without departing from the principles thereof are intended to be within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. The low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a four-layer structure consisting of a transformer, a branch box, a meter box and a household meter; the circuit breaker comprises a circuit breaker, a monitoring unit (1), a voltage acquisition module (11), a current acquisition module (12), a temperature acquisition module (13), a communication module (14), a current generation module (15) and a microprocessor (16), wherein the inlet wire ends of the circuit breaker in the four-layer structure are all connected in series; networking is carried out among the monitoring units (1) through a communication module (14); the voltage acquisition module (11), the current acquisition module (12), the temperature acquisition module (13), the communication module (14), the current generation unit and the microprocessor (16) are all positioned on a PCB (17), and the PCB (17) is provided with a wire inlet end and a wire outlet end; the wire inlet end is connected with the circuit, and the wire outlet end is connected with the wire inlet side of the circuit breaker;
the method comprises the steps that a voltage acquisition module (11) of a monitoring unit (1) on a line-incoming side circuit breaker of a household meter acquires a voltage signal, a current acquisition module (12) acquires a current signal, and a microprocessor (16) is respectively connected with the voltage acquisition module (11) and the current acquisition module (12) and is used for acquiring the voltage signal and the current signal to convert the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a first metering signal; the microprocessor (16) is connected with the electric energy meter through the communication module (14) and is used for acquiring second metering information of the electric energy meter; the microprocessor (16) is used for judging whether the metering of the electric energy meter is out of alignment according to the comparison result of the first metering signal and the second metering information;
the microprocessor (16) is further used for acquiring a voltage signal and a current signal to obtain an active power change value, a reactive power change value and a harmonic change value in a preset time period, and performing topology identification according to the active power change value, the reactive power change value and the harmonic change value; if the active power change value or the reactive power change value or the harmonic change value is in the same interval within the preset time period, the point-to-point nodes are considered to belong to the same layer structure;
a decoupling unit (19) is arranged on one side of the wire outlet end of the PCB (17);
a heat insulation plate (18) is arranged between the PCB (17) and the dissociation unit (19);
the current generation module (15) of each monitoring unit (1) is used for sequentially generating pulse current signals; the current acquisition module (12) of each monitoring unit (1) is used for acquiring pulse current signals for analysis so as to obtain the topological position of the monitoring unit; the microprocessor (16) of the monitoring unit (1) positioned at the outgoing line side of the transformer is used for acquiring voltage signals of other monitoring units (1) through the corresponding communication modules (14) and obtaining impedance data of each line through the voltage signals; pulse currents are sequentially injected into the line through each monitoring unit (1), then each monitoring unit (1) collects and analyzes each pulse current, so that the topological position of each pulse current is analyzed, a topological diagram of a low-voltage distribution transformer area is finally formed, and the topological diagram obtained through power and harmonic variation and the topological diagram obtained through the pulse currents are mutually verified; finally, the voltage signals acquired by the monitoring units (1) can be used for obtaining the impedance data of each line through the voltage signals, so that the accuracy of the topological graph is confirmed again, and the accuracy of the topological measurement is ensured.
2. The low-voltage distribution transformer substation system based on the internet of things according to claim 1, further comprising a cloud server and a mobile terminal, wherein the cloud server is connected with each monitoring unit (1) through a communication module (14), and the mobile terminal is in communication connection with the cloud server.
3. The measuring method of the low-voltage distribution transformer area system based on the internet of things according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the measuring method of measurement misalignment and comprises the following specific steps:
the voltage acquisition module (11) acquires a voltage signal, the current acquisition module (12) acquires a current signal, and the microprocessor (16) is used for acquiring the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a first metering signal through conversion;
the microprocessor (16) acquires second metering information of the electric energy meter through the communication module (14);
the microprocessor (16) is used for judging whether the metering of the electric energy meter is out of alignment according to the comparison result of the first metering signal and the second metering information.
4. A measurement method according to claim 3, further comprising a topology measurement method, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a voltage signal and a current signal to obtain an active power change value, a reactive power change value and a harmonic wave change value of a preset time period;
and carrying out topology identification according to the active power change value, the reactive power change and the harmonic wave change value.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein if the active power change value or the reactive power change value or the harmonic change value is in the same interval within a preset period of time, the point nodes are considered to belong to the same layer structure, and topology identification is completed sequentially.
6. A measurement method according to claim 3, further comprising a topology measurement method, comprising the steps of:
the current generation modules (15) of the monitoring units (1) sequentially generate pulse current signals;
the current acquisition module (12) of each monitoring unit (1) is used for acquiring pulse current signals for analysis so as to obtain the topological position of the pulse current signals, thereby forming the topological relation of the low-voltage distribution transformer area;
the microprocessor (16) of the monitoring unit (1) positioned on the outgoing line side of the transformer acquires voltage signals of other monitoring units (1) through the corresponding communication modules (14) and acquires impedance data of each line through the voltage signals;
and judging the accuracy of the topological relation of the low-voltage distribution transformer area according to the impedance data of each line.
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