CN109818812A - A kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system and method based on Internet of Things - Google Patents
A kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system and method based on Internet of Things Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things, including platform area Intellisense terminal, feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit and user's power supply monitoring module;It is communicated to connect between described area's Intellisense terminal and feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit, notice identification physical topology relationship simultaneously obtains each route running state data of low-voltage network and user's electric energy meter data;The electricity box monitoring unit is connect with user's power supply monitoring module, obtains user's switch state.The invention also discloses the methods using the above-mentioned low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things, enrich existing power information acquisition system function, the physical topology on-line identification function of having multi-layer, deepen operation expanding application for lean line loss analyzing etc. and technical guarantee and support are provided, cycle data synchronous acquisition improves the granularity of data acquisition, provides reliable Data safeguard for big data analysis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power transformation field of power distribution, and in particular to a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things
And method.
Background technique
The technical conditions for being limited by the design object of power information acquisition system metering meter reading and having, current low pressure are matched
The data acquisition range and real-time of Regulation are insufficient, run real-time monitoring, low voltage electric network and its power supply in distribution transforming and set
It is standby abnormal report in time, end power supply quality etc. is not able to satisfy the requirement of low voltage electric network operational management still.
Currently main problem existing for low-voltage network includes:
(1) the reason of not having power failure real-time report ability has the following aspects:
1. using power line carrier communication channel, low-voltage customer side has a power failure, the power supply line of inevitable low-pressure side to user terminal
It disconnects, is necessarily also interrupted simultaneously in communication, ammeter side information loses channel and can not report naturally;
2. the electric energy meter of user side, collector cannot work in power loss, not report without backup power supply
Ability;
3. RS-485 interface energy meter, collector is external, and RS485 interface attributes regulation ammeter is unable to active reporting data.
(2) low-voltage distribution network platform region family becomes the problem of relationship base profile inaccuracy.
Mesh foreground partition family change Automated generalization scheme has several:
1. judging the area user Shu Suotai in such a way that entire platform area has a power failure, power supply reliability decline, and work are easily led to
Work amount is big, is not easy to implement;
2. by handheld device, platform area carries out family change relation recognition one by one, and heavy workload, live running environment such as platform area is cut
It cuts etc. and to need to re-start family after change and become relationship calibration, retest heavy workload;
3. realizing that family becomes relation recognition, low voltage power line carrier zero passage or signal product using low voltage power line carrier scheme
The method of matter judgement, because low voltage power line carrier crosstalk is serious, recognition accuracy is not high.
(3) low-voltage distribution network data acquisition granularity is difficult to meet business demand
Power information acquisition terminal based on narrow-band power line carrier or micro power radio communication, it is main at present to realize platform area
The daily electricity acquisition of lower whole user only supports the load curve acquisition of 20 emphasis users, realizes platform area based on bandwidth carrier
The 60 minute datas acquisition of lower whole user.Low-voltage distribution network big data analysis and the maximum bottleneck of excavation be data frequent,
All standing and synchronous acquisition.In order to end power grid power supply quality, with electrical characteristics, with electric fault etc. do big data analysis
And excavation, need the number such as the voltage to platform area feeder pillar and all users, electric current, active power, reactive power, electric energy indicating value
According to progress high frequency acquisition, and it can guarantee that acquisition system obtains the percentage of head rice of high frequency acquisition data not less than 99%.
In conclusion being difficult to support State Grid Corporation of China's strengthened research and panorama for the existing acquisition scheme of low-voltage network
The business demand of perception.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of, and the low-voltage network end based on Internet of Things perceives system
System and method realize low-voltage network low tension switch status monitoring at different levels and electric energy data synchronous acquisition, realize that low pressure is used
The functional applications such as family power failure active reporting, platform area topology automatic identification realize the intelligence to low-voltage distribution transformer Running State comprehensively
Panorama is perceived and is quasi real time monitored.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things, which is characterized in that including platform area Intellisense end
End, feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit and user's power supply monitoring module;Described area's Intellisense terminal can respectively with
Feeder pillar monitoring unit, the communication connection of electricity box monitoring unit, for sending object to feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit
Reason topology identification starting notice, and obtain each route running state data of recognition result, low-voltage network and user's electric energy meter number
According to;The electricity box monitoring unit is connect with user's power supply monitoring module, for obtaining user's switch state.
Further, described area's Intellisense terminal includes: 4G communication module, the first three-phase AC sampling module,
One high speed power line carrier module, the first micro power radio module and the first physical topology identification module;
The 4G communication module is communicated with main station system;
The first three-phase AC sampling module acquires current signal by metering current mulual inductor, is connected by power supply line
Voltage signal;
The first high speed power line carrier module and a micro power radio module are realized and feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box
Monitoring unit passes through high speed power line carrier wave and micropower wireless double mode channel communication;
The first physical topology identification module connects voltage signal by power supply line.
Further, described area's Intellisense terminal by high speed power line carrier communication channel using roll-call mode by
One notifies administrative feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit to send topological identification feature signal;Pass through high speed power line carrier wave
Each route running state data and user's electric energy meter of the acquisition of communication channel period feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit
Data;It is different that feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit are obtained by high speed power line carrier wave and micro power radio communication channel
Ordinary affair part reports information.
Further, the feeder pillar monitoring unit includes: the second high speed power line carrier module, the second micropower is wireless
Module, the second physical topology identification module, the first physical topology transmitting module and the second three-phase AC sampling module;
The second high speed power line carrier module and the second micro power radio module pass through high speed power line carrier wave respectively
Report anomalous event to platform area Intellisense terminal with micro power radio communication channel;
The order of second physical topology identification module receiving platform area's perception terminal inquiry recognition result, reply are currently opened up
Flutter recognition result;
It is special to send identification for the topological recognition command of first physical topology transmitting module receiving platform area Intellisense terminal
Reference number;
The second three-phase AC sampling module covers the acquisition current signal at load switch wire-outlet by open type CT, leads to
Cross power supply line connection voltage signal.
Further, the electricity box monitoring unit includes: third high speed power line carrier module, third micropower is wireless mould
Block, the second physical topology transmitting module and third three-phase AC sampling module;
The third high speed power line carrier module and third micro power radio module pass through high speed power line carrier wave respectively
Report anomalous event to platform area Intellisense terminal with micro power radio communication channel;
It is special to send identification for the topological recognition command of second physical topology transmitting module receiving platform area Intellisense terminal
Reference number;
The third three-phase AC sampling module is covered by open type CT acquires electric current letter at load switch wire-outlet
Number, voltage signal is connected by power supply line.
Further, user's power supply monitoring module is connect by power supply line with the L terminal that user switchs outgoing line side, is led to
RS-485 is crossed to connect with electricity box monitoring unit;User's power supply monitoring module real-time monitoring user's switch state, real-time response
Electricity box monitoring unit inquires switch state result.
The present invention also provides a kind of low-voltage network end cognitive method based on Internet of Things, utilizes claim 1-6
The low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things, which is characterized in that
Platform area Intellisense terminal powers on, and is monitored by high speed power line carrier channel and feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box
Unit establishes network linking, obtains routing iinformation, each line shunting information, feeder pillar monitoring unit information, electricity box monitoring unit
Information and electric energy meter archive information;
Platform area Intellisense terminal calls survey acquisition device version information together according to the routing node information of acquisition one by one, to point
Branch case monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit carry out attribute calibration;
Platform area Intellisense terminals physical topology identification starting, by centralized dispatching mode respectively to feeder pillar monitoring unit
Starting identification notice is sent with electricity box monitoring unit;By high speed power line carrier channel obtain each feeder pillar monitoring unit and
The recognition result of platform area Intellisense terminal rejects the feeder pillar monitoring unit in non-this TV station area, electricity box monitoring unit and its administrative;
Further, the method also includes:
Platform area Intellisense terminal periodic obtains feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit and user's electric energy meter
Operating parameter, pass through 4G communication module active reporting to main station system;
When administrative equipment detects abnormality when platform area, pass through high speed power line carrier channel or micropower wireless channel
Platform area Intellisense terminal is reported to, platform area Intellisense terminal passes through 4G communication module active reporting to main station system.
Further, the physical topology identification entry condition includes but is not limited to: (1) ad hoc network is set from maintenance background partition
Triggering starting when standby routing iinformation changes;(2) predetermined period starts;(3) pass through command mode or display button mode
Triggering starting.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. constructing the low-voltage network end power grid sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things, existing power information acquisition is enriched
System function.
It is that lean line loss analyzing etc. is deep 2. having the physical topology on-line identification function of " change-line-family " multi-layer
Change operation expanding application and technical guarantee and support are provided.
3. having the cycle data synchronous acquisition of each route running state parameter Yu user's electric energy meter operation data, improve
The granularity of data acquisition, for big data analysis provides reliable Data safeguard.
4. having the anomalous event real-time report function of the equipment running status such as power-off event, low-voltage network is realized
Operating status real-time perception, provide to take the initiative in offering a hand for client for company and done technical guarantee.
5. realizing quasi real time segmentation split-phase line loss technology and measuring abnormal discriminating function.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system architecture diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is power grid end physical topological structure identification schematic diagram in platform area of the invention;
Fig. 3 is that outlet switch tripping in distribution low-voltage side of the present invention reports process schematic.
Specific embodiment
In order to clarify the technical characteristics of the invention, below by specific embodiment, and its attached drawing is combined, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.Following disclosure provides many different embodiments or example is used to realize different knots of the invention
Structure.In order to simplify disclosure of the invention, hereinafter the component of specific examples and setting are described.In addition, the present invention can be with
Repeat reference numerals and/or letter in different examples.This repetition is that for purposes of simplicity and clarity, itself is not indicated
Relationship between various embodiments and/or setting is discussed.It should be noted that illustrated component is not necessarily to scale in the accompanying drawings
It draws.Present invention omits the descriptions to known assemblies and treatment technology and process to avoid the present invention is unnecessarily limiting.
The present invention relates to low-voltage network end sensory perceptual systems and method based on Internet of Things, as shown in Figure 1, the base
In low-voltage network end, sensory perceptual system includes: platform area Intellisense terminal, feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit and use
Family power supply monitoring module;Pass through high speed between described area's Intellisense terminal and feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit
Power line carrier (HPLC) is connected with micropower wireless double mode communication channel, the electricity box monitoring unit and user's power supply monitoring mould
Block is communicated by 4G communication module with main station system by RS-485 connection, described area's Intellisense terminal.
Described area's Intellisense terminal includes: 4G communication module, three-phase AC sampling module, high speed power line carrier wave mould
Block (HPLC), micro power radio module, physical topology identification module;Described area's Intellisense terminal by 4G communication module with
Distant place master station communication is communicated by HPLC and micropower wireless double mode channel with feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit;Institute
It states three-phase AC sampling module and current signal is acquired by metering current mulual inductor, voltage signal is connected by power supply line;It is described
Physical topology identification module connects voltage signal by power supply line;Described area's Intellisense terminal is adopted by HPLC communication channel
Administrative feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit is notified to send topological identification feature signal one by one with roll-call mode;Described
Area's Intellisense terminal acquires each route fortune of feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit by the HPLC communication channel period
Row status data and user's electric energy meter data;Described area's Intellisense terminal is obtained by HPLC or micro power radio communication channel
Feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit anomalous event is taken to report information.
The feeder pillar monitoring unit includes: that high speed power line carrier module (HPLC), micro power radio module, physics are opened up
Flutter identification module, physical topology transmitting module, three-phase AC sampling module;The three-phase AC sampling module passes through open type CT
The acquisition current signal at load switch wire-outlet is covered, voltage signal is connected by power supply line;The feeder pillar monitoring unit receives
Physical topology transmitting module is notified to send identification feature signal when platform area Intellisense terminal topology recognition command;The feeder pillar
The physical identification module of monitoring unit replys present topology recognition result when receiving inquiry recognition result;The feeder pillar monitoring is single
Member receives recoil line road running state data when platform area perception terminal data call survey together;The feeder pillar monitoring unit automatically detects
Report anomalous event to platform area Intellisense terminal by HPLC or micro power radio communication channel when line anomalies.
The electricity box monitoring unit includes: high speed power line carrier module (HPLC), micro power radio module, physical topology
Transmitting module, three-phase AC sampling module;The three-phase AC sampling module is covered at load switch wire-outlet by open type CT
Current signal is acquired, voltage signal is connected by power supply line;The electricity box monitoring unit receives platform area Intellisense terminal topology
Physical topology transmitting module is notified to send identification feature signal when recognition command;The electricity box monitoring unit receives the perception of platform area eventually
Recoil line road running state data and user's electric energy meter operation data when end data calls survey together;The electricity box monitoring unit is examined automatically
Report anomalous event to platform area Intellisense terminal by HPLC or micro power radio communication channel when measuring line anomalies.
User's power supply monitoring module is connect with the L terminal that user switchs outgoing line side by power supply line, passes through RS-485
It is connect with electricity box monitoring unit;User's power supply monitoring module real-time monitoring user's switch state, the monitoring of real-time response electricity box
Unit inquires switch state result.
The low-voltage network end cognitive method based on Internet of Things includes:
Platform area Intellisense terminal, feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit etc., respectively in distribution low-voltage side master switch
After outlet, feeder pillar outlet and electricity box outlet etc. installation, platform area Intellisense terminal passes through HPLC and micropower wireless double mode
Local communi-cation channel ad hoc network obtain routing iinformation and relevant base profile from maintenance, then automatic trigger physical topology
Identification successively notifies it to send topological identification feature letter by roll-call mode according to feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit
Number, and the recognition result of each feeder pillar monitoring unit and platform area Intellisense terminal is obtained by HPLC, and automatic rejection is non-
The feeder pillar monitoring unit in this TV station area, electricity box monitoring unit and its administrative, are closed to obtain accurately " change-line-family " topology
System.Platform area Intellisense terminal passes through HPLC communication channel according to 5 minutes, 15 minute period respectively and obtains feeder pillar monitoring unit
Divide with the operating parameters such as 5 minutes line voltage distributions of electricity box monitoring unit, electric current, power, electric energy indicating value and user's electric energy meter 15
The operating parameters such as voltage, electric current, power, the electric energy indicating value of clock, and pass through 4G communication module active reporting to main station system.Work as platform
When the administrative equipment in area automatically detects the abnormalities such as line status, equipment state (such as power failure), monitoring unit (feeder pillar prison
Survey unit, electricity box monitoring unit) platform area Intellisense terminal is reported to by HPLC or micropower wireless channel, platform area is intelligently felt
Know that terminal passes through 4G communication module active reporting to main station system.
As shown in Fig. 2, described area's Intellisense terminal topology identification process are as follows:
(1) platform area Intellisense terminal electrifying startup ad hoc network passes through high speed power line carrier channel and branch from safeguarding
Case monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit establish network linking, obtain each line shunting information, feeder pillar monitoring unit information, table
Case monitoring unit information and electric energy meter archive information have prepared network route information for topology identification;
(2) platform area perception terminal calls survey acquisition device version information together, to branch according to the routing node information of acquisition one by one
Case monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit carry out attribute calibration;
(3) platform area perception terminal respectively sends feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit by centralized dispatching mode
Starting identification notice.Platform area Intellisense terminal first passes through roll-call mode and successively notifies feeder pillar monitoring unit that (synchronization is only
There is an equipment to send characteristic signal) topological identification feature signal is sent, right background partition perception terminal is traversed by command mode
Every feeder pillar monitoring unit this recognition result is inquired, this identification knot is also obtained in the area Bing Congtai perception terminal identification module
Fruit, after notifying feeder pillar monitoring unit end of identification by platform, platform area Intellisense terminal is using the same manner successively using order
Mode notifies electricity box monitoring unit to send topological identification feature information, and platform area perception terminal passes through command mode traversal queries every
This recognition result of feeder pillar monitoring unit also obtains this recognition result in the area Bing Congtai perception terminal identification module, by platform
All recognition results are obtained after notice electricity box monitoring unit end of identification, building low-voltage network complete " change-line-family " is more
Level physical topology relationship.
Each route running state parameter of described acquisition in area's Intellisense terminal periodic (5 minutes, 15 minutes) and user's electricity
Energy table operation data process and autotask and power-off event report (as shown in Figure 3) process are as follows:
(1) platform area Intellisense terminal judges automatically 5 minutes according to terminal clock or 15 minute period acquisition tasks is
It is no to meet condition, meet automatic log-on data acquisition tasks when condition;
(2) platform area perception terminal acquires multiple monitoring unit (branches by HPLC communication channel using concurrent mechanism simultaneously
Case monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit) frozen data, and save to the corresponding storage region of platform area Intellisense terminal,
Until all route running state datas and user's electric energy meter data acquire completion;
(3) platform area Intellisense terminal is according to the autotask period, when terminal clock meets autotask report condition,
Platform area Intellisense terminal reports the curve datas such as voltage, electric current, power, the electric energy indicating value in a period automatically, until all
Data report completion.
(4) platform area Intellisense terminal real-time monitoring feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit anomalous event report
Dependent event is reported to main station system by 4G uplink communication channel in time once monitoring anomalous event by information.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed.To those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description
Modification or deformation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.On the basis of technical solution of the present invention
On, the various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art with little creative work still in protection of the invention
Within range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things, which is characterized in that including platform area Intellisense terminal,
Feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit and user's power supply monitoring module;Described area's Intellisense terminal can respectively with point
Branch case monitoring unit, the communication connection of electricity box monitoring unit, for sending physics to feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit
Topology identification starting notice, and obtain each route running state data of recognition result, low-voltage network and user's electric energy meter data;
The electricity box monitoring unit is connect with user's power supply monitoring module, for obtaining user's switch state.
2. a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The area Shu Tai Intellisense terminal includes: 4G communication module, the first three-phase AC sampling module, the first high speed power line carrier wave mould
Block, the first micro power radio module and the first physical topology identification module;
The 4G communication module is communicated with main station system;
The first three-phase AC sampling module acquires current signal by metering current mulual inductor, connects voltage by power supply line
Signal;
The first high speed power line carrier module and a micro power radio module are realized to be monitored with feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box
Unit passes through high speed power line carrier wave and micropower wireless double mode channel communication;
The first physical topology identification module connects voltage signal by power supply line.
3. a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
The area Shu Tai Intellisense terminal notifies administrative feeder pillar to supervise one by one by high speed power line carrier communication channel using roll-call mode
It surveys unit and electricity box monitoring unit sends topological identification feature signal;Pass through the acquisition point of high speed power line carrier communication channel period
Each route running state data and user's electric energy meter data of branch case monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit;Pass through high speed power line
Carrier wave and micro power radio communication channel obtain feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit anomalous event reports information.
4. a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating feeder pillar monitoring unit includes: the second high speed power line carrier module, the second micro power radio module, the knowledge of the second physical topology
Other module, the first physical topology transmitting module and the second three-phase AC sampling module;
The second high speed power line carrier module and the second micro power radio module pass through high speed power line carrier wave and micro- respectively
Power wireless communications channel reports anomalous event to platform area Intellisense terminal;
The order of second physical topology identification module receiving platform area's perception terminal inquiry recognition result, replys present topology and knows
Other result;
The topological recognition command of first physical topology transmitting module receiving platform area Intellisense terminal sends identification feature letter
Number;
The second three-phase AC sampling module covers the acquisition current signal at load switch wire-outlet by open type CT, passes through electricity
Source line connects voltage signal.
5. a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating electricity box monitoring unit includes: third high speed power line carrier module, third micro power radio module, the transmitting of the second physical topology
Module and third three-phase AC sampling module;
The third high speed power line carrier module and third micro power radio module pass through high speed power line carrier wave and micro- respectively
Power wireless communications channel reports anomalous event to platform area Intellisense terminal;
The topological recognition command of second physical topology transmitting module receiving platform area Intellisense terminal sends identification feature letter
Number;
The third three-phase AC sampling module covers the acquisition current signal at load switch wire-outlet by open type CT, leads to
Cross power supply line connection voltage signal.
6. a kind of low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states user's power supply monitoring module and is connect by power supply line with the L terminal that user switchs outgoing line side, monitored by RS-485 and electricity box
Unit connection;User's power supply monitoring module real-time monitoring user's switch state, the inquiry of real-time response electricity box monitoring unit are opened
Off status result.
7. a kind of low-voltage network end cognitive method based on Internet of Things, using described in claim 1-6 based on Internet of Things
Low-voltage network end sensory perceptual system, which is characterized in that
Platform area Intellisense terminal powers on, and passes through high speed power line carrier channel and feeder pillar monitoring unit, electricity box monitoring unit
Network linking is established, routing iinformation, each line shunting information, feeder pillar monitoring unit information, electricity box monitoring unit information are obtained
And electric energy meter archive information;
Platform area Intellisense terminal calls survey acquisition device version information together, to feeder pillar according to the routing node information of acquisition one by one
Monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit carry out attribute calibration;
Platform area Intellisense terminals physical topology identification starting, by centralized dispatching mode respectively to feeder pillar monitoring unit and table
Case monitoring unit sends starting identification notice;Each feeder pillar monitoring unit and platform area are obtained by high speed power line carrier channel
The recognition result of Intellisense terminal rejects the feeder pillar monitoring unit in non-this TV station area, electricity box monitoring unit and its administrative.
8. a kind of low-voltage network end cognitive method based on Internet of Things according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
State method further include:
Platform area Intellisense terminal periodic obtains feeder pillar monitoring unit and electricity box monitoring unit and user's electric energy meter fortune
Row parameter passes through 4G communication module active reporting to main station system;
When platform area, administrative equipment detects abnormality, reported by high speed power line carrier channel or micropower wireless channel
To platform area Intellisense terminal, platform area Intellisense terminal passes through 4G communication module active reporting to main station system.
9. a kind of low-voltage network end cognitive method based on Internet of Things according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
Stating physical topology identification entry condition includes but is not limited to: (1) ad hoc network changes from maintenance background partition equipment routing iinformation
When triggering starting;(2) predetermined period starts;(3) starting is triggered by command mode or display button mode.
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