CN112803970B

CN112803970B - System and method for monitoring power line broadband carrier communication system of whole network

Info

Publication number: CN112803970B
Application number: CN202110301822.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周红
Original assignee: Chongqing Yuanlian Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Yuanlian Information Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-22
Filing date: 2021-03-22
Publication date: 2023-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-22
Also published as: CN112803970A

Abstract

The invention requests to protect a whole network power line broadband carrier communication system monitoring system and method, it is a power line broadband carrier communication system field, it uses the transmission power line of the communication module of the power line and connects a monitoring equipment in parallel, the monitoring equipment is used for monitoring all inputs and outputs of the communication module of the power line, the monitoring equipment includes the signal receiving module of power line, physical layer frame head searches for the module, frame control analysis module, frame load analysis module, beaconing analysis module, time base management module, MPDU frame format keep module, serial port signal receiving module, application layer frame receiving module and application layer frame processing module; the method and the device can conveniently locate the transmission delay of the data packet in the power communication network, solve the problem of time base synchronization among all monitoring devices, facilitate the analysis of the transmission delay of the data packet, and monitor and calculate the actual working state of the power grid.

Description

System and method for monitoring power line broadband carrier communication system of whole network

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of power line broadband carrier communication systems, relates to monitoring operation and maintenance of broadband carrier power communication systems, and provides a method for monitoring a whole-network power line broadband carrier communication system.

Background

The broadband power line communication is a communication technology for realizing high-speed data transmission by using a power line and a transmission network or a distribution network formed by the power line as a transmission medium. Power line broadband communication technology, which allows users to communicate using existing power supply networks, has now begun to be widely used.

The technology of broadband Power Line Communication (PLC) over low voltage Power distribution networks is generally called PLC access network. Various PLC field experiments and applications are being carried out around the world, commercial applications are put into the electric power meter reading, users of the PLC are increasing continuously, and the PLC access network is particularly suitable for communication between the Internet of things and an intelligent household system and has a wide development prospect.

Broadband over Power Line (BPL) is Power Line carrier communication in which the bandwidth is limited to 2 to 30MHz and the communication rate is usually 1Mbps or more. The power line communication technology can directly utilize the power line without rewiring, and has the advantages of simple and quick networking, low cost and wide application range. As shown in fig. 1, the national grid company provides the topology in the low voltage power line broadband carrier communication specification.

The broadband carrier communication component unit has: the system comprises a single-phase meter and I-type collector broadband carrier module, a three-phase meter broadband carrier module, a broadband carrier II-type collector, a concentrator broadband carrier module, a broadband carrier copying controller and the like. For the electricity information collection system, the broadband carrier communication network generally forms a tree network with a Central Coordinator (CCO) as a center, proxy Coordinators (PCO) (smart meter/I type collector communication unit, broadband carrier II type collector) as relay agents, and all Stations (STA) (smart meter/I type collector communication unit, broadband carrier II type collector) are connected in a multi-level association manner.

Each node (including the central coordination node, the proxy coordination node and the end node) device in the figure has a communication protocol stack structure provided in the technical specification of low voltage power line broadband carrier communication, as shown in fig. 2.

The function of each level according to the standard is defined as follows:

an application layer: and service data interaction between the local communication unit and the communication unit is realized, and data transmission is completed through a data link layer.

A data link layer: and is divided into a network management sublayer and a medium access control sublayer (i.e., MAC sublayer). The network management sublayer mainly realizes networking, network maintenance, routing management and convergence and distribution of application layer messages of the broadband carrier communication network. The MAC sublayer competes for physical channels mainly through two channel Access mechanisms, carrier sense Multiple Access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), to achieve reliable transmission of data packets.

Physical layer: the method mainly realizes the purpose of modulating the data message code of the MAC sublayer into a broadband carrier signal and sending the broadband carrier signal to a power line medium; and receiving the broadband carrier signal of the power line medium, demodulating the broadband carrier signal into a data message, and delivering the data message to an MAC sublayer for processing.

The PLC system utilizes the existing power line as a transmission medium to realize data transmission, does not need to reconstruct a communication network, and has the advantages of low cost, wide coverage range and the like, however, the power line is not designed for data transmission at first and is not added with related network transmission characteristics, so the channel characteristics of the power line are different from the special channel of other networks, the power line has the defects of high channel noise, high time variation, larger attenuation and the like, the PLC communication capacity is greatly influenced, and in addition, the uncertainty of network topology is caused by the complex wiring of the domestic power line, so that the PLC power line in certain scenes can not provide normal communication service capacity.

And according to the data link layer function provided by the low-voltage power line broadband carrier communication technical specification, the MAC sublayer competes for the physical channel mainly through two channel access mechanisms of CSMA/CA and TDMA, so that the transmission of the data message is realized. There is a large relationship between CSMA/CA transmission efficiency and collision probability. If the probability of CSMA/CA collision increases, normal data transmission cannot be carried out.

In actual engineering, for example, a low-voltage power line broadband carrier communication technology is applied to electric meter reading, although a single low-voltage power line broadband carrier communication module is normal in function, the electric meter reading speed of electric meters at STA (station) points is low, or the success probability of meter reading is low, in addition, the actual engineering environment is complex, the positioning problem is difficult, the communication module problem is difficult to determine, the power equipment problem is the power line transmission problem, or CSMA/CA conflict, too many transfers in a proxy coordinator PCO (physical control input/output), incorrect transmission routes, too long delay time and the like are caused, so that a large amount of manpower is consumed in engineering, and the problem checking and optimization of material resources are performed.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving the above problems of the prior art. A system and a method for monitoring a whole network power line broadband carrier communication system are provided. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a monitoring system of a whole network power line broadband carrier communication system is characterized in that a monitoring device is connected in parallel with a transmission power line used by a power line communication module and used for monitoring all input and output of the power line communication module, and the monitoring device comprises a power line signal receiving module, a physical layer frame header searching module, a frame control analysis module, a frame load analysis module, a beacon analysis module, a time base management module, an MPDU frame format storage module, a serial port signal receiving module, an application layer frame receiving module and an application layer frame processing module;

the power line signal receiving module is used for acquiring input and output signals of the communication module on a power line, and completing the function of power line analog front end and automatic gain control;

a physical layer frame receiving module, which is used for completing the leading signal search in the physical layer frame structure, recording the frame control starting time and receiving the complete receiving of the physical layer frame;

the frame control analysis module is used for completing the analysis of the frame control content in the MPDU frame format of the MAC layer protocol data unit;

the beacon analysis module is used for analyzing a 32-bit beacon timestamp in a beacon frame and sending the frame control starting time and the beacon timestamp to the base management module;

the physical layer frame processing module is used for completing frame load information analysis, frame control data signal-to-noise ratio measurement, frame control check sequence check and load data check in a physical layer frame format, and is also used for recording a power line monitoring data frame comprising a frame control SNR, a frame load SNR, an MPDU starting time, an MPDU ending time and an MPDU data packet;

the time base management module is used for providing a 25MHz clock counting function, adjusting a time base counter value of the monitoring equipment according to the beacon timestamp provided by the beacon analysis module, and adjusting the 25MHz clock frequency of the monitoring equipment according to the received multiple beacon frame control time and the beacon timestamp;

the serial port signal receiving module is used for receiving a serial port data stream between the communication module and the equipment;

the application layer frame receiving module is used for completing frame identification of serial port data flow to form a complete data link layer frame;

the application layer frame processing module is used for completing identification and check sequence check of an application layer frame of an application layer protocol data unit APDU, and constructing a serial port monitoring data frame comprising APDU data packet starting time, APDU data packet finishing time and APDU data packet;

the monitoring data frame storage module is used for sequentially storing monitoring data frames from different sources to configured storage media, namely the power line monitoring data frame and the serial port monitoring data frame.

Furthermore, the power line signal receiving module acquires input and output signals of the communication module on the power line in a wireless coupling or direct connection power line mode, the module is only in a receiving state and does not send any data, and the power line analog front end and automatic gain control function is completed;

further, the frame control parsing module needs to determine whether the delimiter type in the received MPDU frame format is a beacon frame, where the beacon frame includes a central beacon, an agent beacon or a discovery beacon, and if the delimiter type is a beacon frame, copies a copy to the beacon parsing module for time base synchronization, otherwise, only the physical layer frame processing module processes the copy; and also completing the SNR measurement of the frame control data and the checking of the frame control check sequence and the checking of the load data check.

Further, the data link layer frame includes an APDU packet, and records a start time of the data link frame, which is recorded as an APDU packet start time, and an end time of the data link layer frame, which is recorded as an APDU end time.

A time base adjustment method based on any one of the systems, for ensuring that a monitoring device time base counter and a network reference time are always in synchronization and adjusting a monitoring device clock to be consistent with a central coordinator clock, comprising the following steps:

step 1: the monitoring equipment receives a transmission signal from the power line, the physical layer frame receiving module monitors whether effective leading data exists in real time, if effective leading is detected, the other nearby stations send MPDU data packets on the power line, and if not, the leading on the power line is continuously searched;

step 2: if the physical layer frame receiving module detects effective preamble, the monitoring equipment completes the timing synchronization process by using the preamble, records the frame control starting position time, and records a time base counter value BaseClockCounter in the corresponding monitoring equipment as BaseClockCounter _ FC;

and step 3: after the monitoring equipment searches for the preamble, the frame control analysis module continues to read out the content of the frame control, and from the 'delimiter type' field of the frame control, if the field is determined to be 'Beacon frame', the 'Beacon timestamp' in the frame control is continuously read out and recorded as BaseLock counter _ Beacon. If the beacon frame is not the 'beacon frame', the time base of the monitoring equipment is not adjusted, and the transmission signal on the power line is continuously monitored;

and 4, step 4: the frame control analysis module sends the starting time BaseClockCounter _ FC of the Beacon frame and the Beacon frame 'in the Beacon timestamp' field content BaseClockCounter _ Beacon to the time base management module;

and 5: the time management module adjusts the value of the timebase counter value based on the BaseClockCounterBeacon and BaseClockCounterFC values.

Further, the method comprises a power line monitoring data frame storing and processing step, and the specific steps are as follows:

step 1: the monitoring equipment searches for the preamble on the power line, if the physical layer frame receiving module searches for the effective preamble, the frame control content is analyzed, the starting time position of the frame control is recorded and recorded as BaseClockCounter _ FC, and if not, the preamble signal on the power line is continuously searched;

and 2, step: the frame control analysis module completes analysis of the frame control content, and records the field delimiter type, source TEI and the value of destination TEI in the frame control. Respectively recorded as: FC _ Type, FC _ Source _ Address _ TEI and FC _ Target _ Address _ TEI, and in the process of receiving frame control data, measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of frame control and recording as FC _ SNR;

and step 3: the frame load analysis module analyzes the frame load content according to the frame control parameters, records the MAC frame header fields of original Source TEI, original Target TEI and MSDU serial number, and records the MAC frame header fields of MAC _ Source _ Address _ TEI, MAC _ Target _ Address _ TEI and MAC _ MSDU _ SN. And in the process of receiving frame load data, measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the frame load, and recording as MAC _ SNR;

and 4, step 4: the monitoring data frame saving module saves the start time and the end time of the received MPDU, saves the contents of fields FC _ Type, FC _ Source _ Address _ TEI and FC _ Target _ Address _ TEI in frame control, and saves MAC _ Source _ Address _ TEI, MAC _ Target _ Address _ TEI, MAC _ MSDU _ SN and corresponding MAC _ SNR values in the MAC frame header field, the members form a power line monitoring data frame which is marked as MpduRecordFrame, and the monitoring data frame saving module sequentially saves the power line monitoring data frame.

Further, the method also comprises a serial port monitoring data frame storage processing step, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1: a serial port signal receiving module of the monitoring equipment receives data from a serial port between the communication module and the power equipment in real time;

step 2: the application layer frame receiving module checks whether a legal data link layer frame exists on the interface through data link layer frame header checking. If the frame is a valid data link layer frame, recording the starting moment of the data link layer frame as APDU starting time, recording as BaseClockCounter _ start _ APDU, and if the frame is not a legal data link layer frame, continuing to monitor the data stream on the serial port;

and step 3: if searching for the effective data link layer frame header to receive, continuing to receive data at the serial port until the application layer frame processing module receives a complete data link layer frame structure, and the application layer frame processing module bears an APDU data packet in the data link layer frame structure, and simultaneously recording the receiving time of the last bit of an end character in the data link layer frame, and recording the receiving time as APDU end time, baseClockCounter _ end _ APDU;

and 4, step 4: the monitoring data frame storage module comprises APDU starting time, APDU ending time and APDU data packet contents, and the serial port monitoring data frame is formed by the member contents and the ApduFrame is recorded. And the monitoring data frame storage module sequentially stores the serial port monitoring data frames.

The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

firstly, the method comprises the following steps: at present, monitoring of a power line broadband carrier communication system is only limited to monitoring of a single communication module, and monitoring and analysis of the whole network cannot be achieved, so that service data transmission delay of the whole network cannot be analyzed. The problem that meter reading speed of some endpoints in a power line broadband carrier communication system cannot be positioned is low, and the invention provides a method for monitoring the whole power line broadband carrier communication system. The transmission delay of the positioning data packet in the power communication network can be facilitated.

Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the whole network monitoring process, due to the limitation of working environment, the monitoring equipment is usually arranged in indoor environment, cannot receive Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, cannot ensure that the signals of a mobile public network can be received, and cannot analyze the time when the service data reaches the monitoring equipment, because clocks among different monitoring equipment are asynchronous. The invention provides a method for synchronizing the time base of monitoring equipment to a power line broadband carrier communication system by using the beacon characteristics in the power line broadband carrier communication system, thereby solving the problem of time base synchronization among all monitoring equipment.

Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: when the existing single monitoring device carries out monitoring, the accurate time of received data is not saved, so that time delay analysis cannot be carried out. In the invention, firstly, the problem of time base synchronization among monitoring devices is solved, and then when the monitoring devices receive the data packet, the data packet is marked with an accurate time tag according to the time base of the monitoring devices, thereby being convenient for analyzing the transmission delay of the data packet.

Fourthly: the invention can monitor the data transmission of the communication module in the power line and the serial ports between the communication module and the power equipment in real time, so the working state of each power equipment and the communication module is monitored in real time, and the actual working state of the power grid can be monitored and calculated by adopting a whole-grid analysis method.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a broadband carrier communication network topology;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a wideband carrier communication network protocol stack level division;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power line broadband carrier communication monitoring device;

FIG. 4 is a monitoring device timing adjustment flow diagram;

fig. 5 is a power line monitoring data frame saving processing flowchart;

fig. 6 is a flowchart of APDU frame format saving processing;

fig. 7 is a transmission time delay analysis diagram of MAC frame format number in power line broadband carrier communication;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of monitoring power equipment processing time duration calculations;

fig. 9 is a flowchart of the communication module processing APDU time length calculation;

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a communication module processing MPDU time length calculation;

fig. 11 is a flow chart of MPDU forward time length calculation by the communication module;

fig. 12 is a power line broadband carrier communication whole network monitoring system;

fig. 13 is a table of mapping relationships among data in each layer in a power line broadband carrier communication system;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a power line broadband carrier communication monitoring device timing adjustment;

FIG. 15 is a time relationship diagram;

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and clearly in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention provides a method for monitoring a whole-network power line communication system according to actual engineering requirements, which is characterized in that a monitoring device is connected in parallel with a used transmission power line of a power line communication module, the monitoring device is used for monitoring all input and output of the power line communication module, and the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring device comprises a power line, a monitoring device and a communication module, wherein the monitoring device comprises a MAC Layer Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) Data transmitted on the power line and an Application Layer Protocol Data Unit (APDU) Data transmitted between a power device (an ammeter or a concentrator) and the communication module, and the monitoring device records and monitors the time information of the MPDU and the APDU Data packet.

The time base of the monitoring equipment is synchronous to the network reference time of the power line communication system, a 32-bit length counter forms a time base counter, and the time base counter of the monitoring equipment supports an automatic clock counting function. The power-on initialization of the monitoring equipment is zero, when a beacon frame is received, the network reference time same as the network is updated, and the clock frequency of the monitoring equipment is adjusted according to the beacon timestamp in the received beacon frame.

The monitoring device records all MPDU (Power protocol data Unit) data packets transmitted and received by the communication module on the power line, simultaneously records all APDU data packets between the power device and the communication module, and adds timestamps when the MPDU and APDU data packets are monitored. The MPDU packet timestamp includes a frame control start time (also referred to as MPDU start time) and a PPDU end time (also referred to as MPDU end time) in a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) carrying the MPDU. The APDU packet timestamp includes a start time of a data link layer frame (also referred to as an APDU start time) in which the APDU packet is located and an end time of the data link layer frame (also referred to as an APDU end time).

According to the timestamp information, the monitoring equipment can accurately calculate the processing time length from the time when the communication module receives the MPDU data packet on the power line to the time when the communication module submits the APDU data packet to the power equipment. I.e. the start time of the APDU transmission by the communication module minus the end time of the MPDU reception by the communication module.

According to the timestamp information, the monitoring equipment can accurately calculate the time length from the time when the communication module receives the APDU data packet of the power equipment to the time when the APDU data packet of the power equipment is sent to the MPDU data packet on the power line. I.e. the start time of MPDU transmission by the communication module minus the end time of APDU reception by the communication module.

According to the timestamp information, the monitoring equipment can accurately calculate the forwarding time of the communication module, namely the time length from the time when the monitoring equipment receives an MPDU data to the time when the MPDU data packet is forwarded out on the power line. I.e., the start time of the data packet of the forwarded MPDU minus the end time of the original MPDU received by the communication module.

According to the timestamp information, the monitoring device can accurately calculate the information time processed by the power equipment, namely the time length from the time when the power equipment receives the communication module APDU request data packet to the time when the power equipment sends the response APDU data packet. I.e. the start time of the APDU response packet received by the communication module minus the end time of the APDU packet sent by the communication module.

Integrating the monitored MPDU and APDU frame format data on different monitoring devices, uniformly analyzing on monitoring software, and tracking the time of the MPDU frame format data on each monitoring device by the monitoring software according to the MAC frame header content in the MPDU frame format data, wherein specific fields are original source TEI and original destination TEI, and MSDU serial number, thereby obtaining the length of transmission delay time of the MPDU frame format data on different transmission nodes.

The structure of the monitoring device of the present invention is shown in fig. 3. The monitoring device comprises a power line signal receiving module, a physical layer frame header searching module, a frame control analysis module, a frame load analysis module, a beacon analysis module, a time base management module, an MPDU frame format storage module, a serial port signal receiving module, an application layer frame receiving module and an application layer frame processing module.

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the power line signal receiving module acquires input and output signals of the communication module on a power line by adopting a wireless coupling or direct connection power line mode, and the module is only in a receiving state and does not send any data. The function of power line simulation front end and automatic gain control is completed;

the physical layer frame receiving module completes the Preamble signal search (Preamble for short) in the physical layer frame structure and records the frame control start time, i.e. the MPDU start time. Completing the complete receiving of the physical layer frame, wherein the time of the completion of the receiving is the MPDU ending time;

the frame control analysis module completes the analysis of the frame control content in the MPDU frame format, and the module needs to judge whether the delimiter type in the received MPDU frame format is a beacon frame (a central beacon, a proxy beacon or a discovery beacon), if the delimiter type is the beacon frame, a copy is made to the beacon analysis module for time base synchronization, otherwise, the beacon analysis module only processes the beacon frame. And the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurement of frame control data and frame control check sequence check and load data check are completed in the module. (ii) a

The beacon analysis module analyzes the 32-bit beacon timestamp in the beacon frame and sends the frame control start time and the beacon timestamp to the base management module.

The physical layer frame processing module completes the analysis of frame load information in a physical layer frame format, the measurement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of frame control data and the check of a frame control check sequence, the check of load data, and records a power line monitoring data frame comprising the frame control SNR, the frame load SNR, the start time of the MPDU, the end time of the MPDU and an MPDU data packet.

The time base management module provides a clock counting function of 25MHz, adjusts the time base counter value of the monitoring equipment according to the beacon timestamp provided by the beacon analysis module, and adjusts the 25MHz clock frequency of the monitoring equipment according to the received multiple beacon frame control time and the beacon timestamp.

The serial port signal receiving module is used for receiving the serial port data stream between the communication module and the equipment.

The application layer frame receiving module completes frame identification of serial port data stream to form a complete data link layer frame, the data link layer frame comprises an APDU data packet, the starting time of the data link frame is recorded and recorded as APDU data packet starting time, and the data link layer frame ending time is recorded and recorded as APDU ending time.

The application layer frame processing module completes identification of APDU application layer frames, check sequence check, and construct a serial port monitoring data frame containing APDU data packet start time, APDU data packet end time and APDU data packet.

The following describes the timing adjustment process of the monitoring device, the MPDU and APDU packet storage process, and the time delay analysis process provided by the present invention.

Firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring equipment time base adjustment process comprises the following steps:

the time base adjusting process of the monitoring equipment ensures that a time base counter of the monitoring equipment and network reference time are always in synchronization, and adjusts the clock of the monitoring equipment to be consistent with the clock of the central coordinator, as shown in figure 4

Step 1: the monitoring equipment receives a transmission signal from the power line, the physical layer frame receiving module monitors whether effective leading data exists in real time, if effective leading is detected, the other nearby stations are indicated to send MPDU data packets on the power line, and if not, leading on the power line is continuously searched. As shown in step 1,2 in fig. 4.

Step 2: if the physical layer frame receiving module detects a valid preamble, the monitoring device completes the timing synchronization process by using the preamble, and records the frame control start position time, corresponding to the time base counter value BaseLockcounter in the monitoring device, which is recorded as BaseLockcounter _ FC. As shown in step 3 of fig. 4.

And step 3: after the monitoring equipment searches for the preamble, the frame control analysis module continues to read out the frame control content, and from the 'delimiter type' field of the frame control, if the field is determined to be the 'Beacon frame', the 'Beacon timestamp' in the frame control is continuously read out and recorded as BaseClockCounter _ Beacon. If the frame is not the beacon frame, the time base of the monitoring equipment is not adjusted, and the transmission signal on the power line is continuously monitored. As shown in step 4 of fig. 4.

And 4, step 4: the frame control analysis module sends the start time BaseClockCounterFC of the Beacon frame and the content BaseClockCounterBeacon of the field BaseClockCounterBeacon of the Beacon frame to the time base management module. As shown in step 6 of fig. 4.

And 5: the time management module adjusts the value of the timebase counter value based on the BaseClockCounterBeacon and BaseClockCounterFC values. The adjustment is baselockCounterDiff = baseLockCounterCounterBeacon-baseLockCounterFC, adjusted according to baseLockCounter = baseLockCounterCounterDiff + baseLockCounterDiff.

Further, the timebase management module will record two consecutive BaseClockCounterBeacon [ i ] and BaseClockCounterFC [ i ], i taking the value 1,2. Then the clock skew rate is expressed as BaseClockScale = (BaseClockCockCounterFC [2] -BaseClockCockCounterFC [1 ])/(BaseClockCockCockCockonBeacon [2] -BaseClockCockCounterBeacon [1 ]). The clock frequency adjustment is done using BaseClockScaler.

And after the time base counter BaseClockcounter of the monitoring equipment is adjusted, counting is continuously carried out according to a 25MHz clock of the monitoring equipment. As shown in step 7 of fig. 4.

Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the MPDU and APDU data packet storage process is divided into a power line monitoring data frame storage processing process and a serial port line monitoring data frame storage processing process.

The invention relates to a power line monitoring data frame storage processing flow which comprises the following steps: the monitoring data frame storage module stores the power line monitoring data frame. The power line monitoring data frame comprises content, a source address 'source TEI' and a destination address 'destination TEI' of frame control, a source address 'original source TEI' and a destination address 'original destination TEI' in a MAC frame, an MSDU serial number, a frame control SNR and a load SNR value. The frame controls the start time baseloadcounter _ FC, also the MPDU start time, the PPDU end time baseloadcounter _ Payload at which the MPDU packet is received, also the MPDU end time. As shown in fig. 5.

Step 1: the monitoring equipment searches for the preamble on the power line, if the physical layer frame receiving module searches for the valid preamble, the frame control content is analyzed, the starting time position of the frame control is recorded as BaseClockCounter _ FC, and otherwise, the preamble signal on the power line is continuously searched. As shown in steps 1,2 and 3 in fig. 5.

And 2, step: the frame control analysis module completes analysis of the frame control content, and records the field delimiter type, the source TEI and the value of the destination TEI in the frame control. Respectively recording as: FC _ Type, FC _ Source _ Address _ TEI and FC _ Target _ Address _ TEI. And during receiving the frame control data, the signal-to-noise ratio of the frame control is measured, denoted as FC _ SNR, as in step 4 in fig. 5.

And 3, step 3: the frame load analysis module analyzes the frame load content according to the frame control parameters, and records MAC frame header fields of original Source TEI, original Target TEI and MSDU serial number as MAC _ Source _ Address _ TEI, MAC _ Target _ Address _ TEI and MAC _ MSDU _ SN. And during receiving the frame load data, measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the frame load, denoted as MAC _ SNR. As shown in step 5 of fig. 5.

And 4, step 4: the monitoring data frame storage module stores the start time of receiving the MPDU and the end time of the MPDU. The contents of the fields FC _ Type, FC _ Source _ Address _ TEI and FC _ Target _ Address _ TEI in the frame control are saved, along with the corresponding FC _ SNR value. And storing the MAC _ Source _ Address _ TEI, the MAC _ Target _ Address _ TEI, the MAC _ MSDU _ SN and corresponding MAC _ SNR values in the MAC frame header field, wherein the members form a power line monitoring data frame and are marked as MpduRecordFrame. The monitoring data frame storage module sequentially stores the power line monitoring data frames. As shown in step 6 of fig. 5.

The invention discloses a serial port monitoring data frame saving and processing flow which comprises the following steps:

step 1: and a serial port signal receiving module of the monitoring equipment receives data from a serial port between the communication module and the power equipment in real time. As in step 1 of fig. 6.

And 2, step: the application layer frame receiving module checks whether a legal data link layer frame exists on the interface through the data link layer frame header check. If the frame is a valid data link layer frame, recording the starting time of the data link layer frame as the APDU starting time, and recording as BaseClockCounter _ start _ APDU. If the frame is not a legal data link layer frame, the data flow on the serial port is continuously monitored, as shown in step 2 in fig. 6.

And step 3: if the effective data link layer frame header is searched for receiving, the data is continuously received at the serial port until the application layer frame processing module receives the complete data link layer frame structure, and the application layer frame processing module bears the APDU data packet in the data link layer frame structure, and simultaneously, the receiving time of the last bit of the end character in the data link layer frame is recorded as APDU end time, and BaseClockCounter _ end _ APDU. As in step 3 of fig. 6.

And 4, step 4: the monitoring data frame storage module comprises APDU starting time, APDU ending time and APDU data packet content, and the serial port monitoring data frame is formed by the member content and the ApduFrame is recorded. The monitored data frame storage module sequentially stores the serial port monitored data frames, as shown in fig. 6 by 4 steps.

Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: and the monitoring equipment records the data flow on the power line and the serial port in real time, and records a power line monitoring data frame or a serial port monitoring data frame if a valid data packet is monitored.

The invention monitors the start time and the end time of the data packet recorded in the data frame according to the power line monitoring data frame or the serial port. The method comprises the steps of calculating delay time of a message on a transmission line, processing APDU (application protocol data Unit) data packet time by a power device, processing APDU data packet time by a communication module, processing MPDU data packet time by the communication module and forwarding MPDU data packet time by the communication module. The functions provided by the present invention are explained one by one below.

Scheme 1: the message is delayed on the transmission line by a time.

The invention provides a method for analyzing transmission time delay of a data packet in a power communication network, which analyzes the transmission time delay of the whole network according to data stored by a monitoring data frame storage module, as shown in figure 7.

Step 1: and merging the power line monitoring data frame data MpduRecordFrames stored by all the monitoring devices into a set, and recording the set as MpdFrameSets, as shown in step 1 in FIG. 7.

And 2, step: and selecting a device to be monitored or analyzed, and calculating the transmission delay of each hop of the MAC frame format data in the network and the total transmission delay time by the transmission time of the MAC frame format data at each station. Assuming that the MAC frame format data needs to be monitored, it is recorded as MacFrameTracking. The MAC frame header of the MAC frame of the MacFrameTracking includes MAC _ Source _ Address _ TEI, MAC _ Target _ Address _ TEI and MAC _ MSDU _ SN, which uniquely determine the MAC frame format data block. As shown in step 2 of fig. 7.

And step 3: the monitoring device records MPDU frame format data on all power lines in the monitoring process, wherein the MPDU frame format data comprises MacFrameTracking to be analyzed and other irrelevant MacFrameTracking. The method comprises the steps of searching a power line monitoring data frame with the same three fields of MAC _ Source _ Address _ TEI, MAC _ Target _ Address _ TEI and MAC _ MSDU _ SN in a MacFrameTracking frame to form an MpduSearchResultSet. As shown in step 3 of fig. 7.

And 4, step 4: in the MpduSearchResultSet set, according to FC _ Source _ Address _ TEI and FC _ Target _ Address _ TEI of the frame control part. The transmission path of the MacFrameTracking frame in the power line system is searched, and the transmission success path and the transmission failure path can be analyzed. As shown in step 4 of fig. 7.

And 5: and taking out the MacFrameTracking frame obtained by any two point monitoring devices on the transmission path, and saving the BaseLockCounterFC when the frame is recorded, namely the MPDU frame format is saved. Saving the baselockcounter _ FC difference in the two powerline monitor data frame formats is the transmission delay between the two devices. Similarly, the method can calculate the time delay of the data packet in the MPDU frame format at all transmission nodes. As shown in step 5 of fig. 7.

And (2) a process: APDU data packet processing time of the power equipment:

the invention monitors data frames according to a serial port, provides a method for monitoring command processing time of electric power equipment, and can monitor the processing time of different command types of different electric power equipment. As shown in particular in fig. 8.

Step 1: the communication module sends an APDU packet to the power device, where the APDU packet includes different types of power device operation commands, and the APDU is a request or command APDU packet. It is assumed that the APDU is monitored at the monitoring device and is saved in the form of a serial listening data frame, in which the APDU end time baseloadcounter _ end _ APDU is included. As shown at 1,3 in fig. 8.

Step 2: after receiving the APDU, the power device processes the command in the APDU and feeds the command back to the communication module, the APDU is a response APDU data packet, the APDU data packet is also monitored on the monitoring device and is stored in the form of a serial port monitoring data frame, and the start time of the APDU in the serial port monitoring data frame is baseloadcounter _ start _ APDU. As shown at 2,4 in fig. 8.

And step 3: when the monitoring Device monitors the Time difference between the two APDUs, the Time difference is the processing Time of the power Device for processing the command, and the Time difference is recorded as APDU _ Device _ Handle _ Time = baseloadcounter _ start _ APDU-baseloadcounter _ end _ APDU. As shown at 5 in fig. 8.

And (3) a flow path: the time for processing the APDU data packet by the communication module is as follows:

the invention provides a method for monitoring the time for processing APDU by a communication module, which can monitor the processing time for processing different command types by the communication module. As shown in detail in fig. 9.

Step 1: the communication module receives an APDU packet from the power device, and different APDU commands can be carried in the ADPU packet. The APDU packet is also monitored by the monitoring equipment on the serial port, the APDU packet is stored in the form of a serial port monitoring data frame in the monitoring equipment, and the end time of receiving the APDU is recorded in the serial port monitoring data frame and is marked as BaseCloconter _ end _ APDU. As shown at 1,3 in fig. 9.

And 2, step: the communication module receives an APDU data packet from the power equipment, carries out corresponding processing according to the requirement of the power equipment for sending the APDU data packet, and sends an MPDU data packet from the communication module, wherein the MPDU data packet is received by the monitored equipment and is stored in a power line monitoring data frame form, and the power line monitoring data frame comprises the starting time of the MPDU data packet and is recorded as BaseClockCunter _ start _ MPDU. As shown at 2,4 in fig. 9.

And step 3: and calculating the APDU message processing time of the communication module, namely the time for sending the MPDU data packet after the communication module receives the APDU data packet of the power equipment and finishes the processing. It is noted as APDU _ BWM _ Handle _ Time = baseloadcounter _ start _ MPDU-baseloadcounter _ end _ APDU. As shown at 5 in fig. 9.

And (4) a flow chart: the time for processing the MPDU data packet by the communication module:

the invention provides a method for monitoring the time for processing MPDUs by a communication module, which can monitor the processing time for processing different MPDUs by the communication module. As shown in detail in fig. 10.

Step 1: the communication module receives an MPDU (Power control protocol data packet) from a power line, the data packet is monitored by monitoring equipment at the same time and is stored in a power line monitoring data frame form, and the end time of receiving the MPDU data packet is recorded in the power line monitoring data frame and is recorded as BaseLock counter _ end _ MPDU. As shown at 1,3 in fig. 10.

And 2, step: after receiving the MPDU data packet on the power line, the communication module extracts the MAC frame in the MPDU data packet, then processes the content of the MAC frame, and if the APDU data packet needing electric meter processing is contained, the communication module sends the analyzed APDU data packet to the power equipment. The APDU data packet is monitored by the monitoring equipment and is stored in the monitoring equipment in a serial port monitoring data frame mode, and the serial port monitoring data frame comprises APDU starting time. Denoted as baseloadcounter _ start _ APDU. As shown at 2,4 in fig. 10.

And 3, step 3: the Time from when the communication module receives the MPDU packet from the power line to when the MPDU packet is processed is recorded as MPDU _ BWM _ Handle _ Time = baseloadcounter _ end _ MPDU-baseloadcounter _ start _ APDU. As shown at 5 in fig. 10.

And (5) a flow chart: the time for the communication module to forward the MPDU packet is as follows:

the invention provides a method for monitoring the forwarding of an MAC frame by a communication module, namely monitoring the time required by the communication module for forwarding the MAC frame by monitoring equipment.

Step 1: the communication module receives an MPDU data packet on a power line, the MPDU data packet is monitored by monitoring equipment at the same time and is stored in a power line monitoring data frame form, and the power line monitoring data frame comprises the end time of the MPDU data packet and is marked as BaseClockCounter _ end _ MPDU. As shown at 1,3 in fig. 11.

And 2, step: and after the communication module processes the received MPDU data packet, the newly assembled MPDU data packet is transmitted on the power line, the newly assembled MPDU data packet is also monitored by the internal monitoring equipment and is stored in a power line monitoring data frame form, and the power line monitoring data frame comprises the starting time of the MPDU and is recorded as BaseClockCounter _ start _ MPDU. As shown at 2,4 in fig. 11.

And 3, step 3: the time for the communication module to process the MPDU packet, i.e., the time from receiving the MPDU packet to forwarding the MPDU packet. Denoted MPDU _ BWM _ Handle _ Time = baseloadcounter _ start _ MPDU-baseloadcounter _ end _ MPDU, as shown in fig. 11 at 5.

The specific embodiment is as follows: topological diagram of power line broadband carrier communication whole-network monitoring system

In order to more clearly illustrate the application of the present invention in the actual engineering test, the present embodiment will be described by using a power line broadband carrier communication whole network monitoring system. As shown in fig. 12, the power line broadband carrier communication system is composed of a central coordinator CCO, three proxy coordinators PCO, and four stations. In order to analyze the transmission time delay from the electric meter 7 to the central coordinator CCO, the monitoring device 1 is connected in parallel to the communication module of the electric meter 2, the monitoring device 2 is connected in parallel to the communication module of the electric meter 4, and the monitoring device 3 is connected in parallel to the communication module of the electric meter 7. And each monitoring device monitors data receiving and transmitting of the communication module on the power line, and monitors data receiving and transmitting on a serial port between the communication module and the power device.

Specific example 1: monitoring device time base synchronization process

Specific embodiment 1 will specifically describe how the monitoring device performs time base synchronization, that is, time base synchronization of the monitoring device and the power line broadband carrier communication system.

In the power line broadband carrier communication system, data is transmitted in a frame format (also referred to as transmission in frame bursts), and a hierarchical mapping relationship is performed. As shown in fig. 13.

In fig. 13, the MPDU frame payload is composed of two parts, one part is the frame control and the other part is the physical block. Wherein the physical block may be composed of blocks, also called frame payload part, for carrying MAC frames. The MAC frame is composed of an MAC frame header and an MSDU data frame, wherein the MSDU data frame is used for bearing signaling or service data of a communication module.

For clarity of the implementation of the present invention, the content of the relevant information fields of all bearers in fig. 13 will be described first. The frame controls the content of the bearer as shown in table 1.

Table 1 MPDU frame control field

Wherein the delimiter type field specifies the type of MPDU frame. The designation is beacon frame, SOF frame, select acknowledgment frame or inter-network coordination frame, and the value of the "delimiter type" field is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 delimiter types

Value of	Definition of
		0	Beacon frame
1	SOF frame
		2	Selecting an acknowledgement frame
3	Inter-network coordination frame
		Others are	Retention

In the present invention, the "beacon timestamp" in the "beacon frame" will be used to calibrate the time base of the monitoring device so that the time base of the monitoring device is the same as the time base of the power line broadband carrier communication system, and the present invention operates specifically as follows.

According to the standard requirement of the low-voltage power line broadband carrier communication system, all node time bases are synchronized to the CCO, so according to the principle, the method of the invention is adopted to synchronize the time base of the monitoring equipment to the time base of the CCO, so that the monitoring equipment and the CCO are in a synchronous state.

Fig. 14 shows a time base mechanism for broadcasting in power line broadband carrier communication, where a physical layer frame sent in low-voltage power line broadband carrier communication includes a preamble, a frame control and a frame payload. The preamble is used for frame timing, AGC adjustment, and accurate positioning of the frame control start time.

According to the requirement of the transmission of the Beacon frame of the broadband carrier communication over the power line, in the frame control part of the Beacon frame, a time base baseClockCounter value for the sending end to send the frame control is provided, as shown in table 3, in the "variable region of the Beacon frame" field "Beacon timestamp", and recorded as baseClockCounter _ Beacon. And the monitoring device will record the timebase count value baselockcounter _ FC of the beacon frame when receiving the beacon frame. If the monitoring equipment and the power line broadband carrier communication are in a complete synchronization state, the BaseClockCockCoacon is the same as the BaseClockCockCounterFC, and if the BaseClockCockCockCockonBeacon is different from the BaseClockCockCockCounterFC, the fact that the monitoring equipment and the power line broadband carrier communication have time base deviation is indicated.

TABLE 3 variable regions of beacon frames

According to the specific time base adjusting method of the monitoring equipment, after the Beacon frame is received, the time base deviation value existing between the monitoring equipment and the power line broadband carrier communication can be obtained, baseClockCockCockCockrDiff = BaseClockCockCockCockCockonBeacon-BaseClockCockCockCockrFC, and then BaseClockCockCockrDiff is superposed on the time base of the monitoring equipment, namely the time base counting value BaseClockCockCockCockCockCockCockonCockonCockonCockonCockonCockonCockrFC + BaseClonteCockrDiff of the monitoring equipment is obtained. I.e. the time base synchronization process of the monitoring device is completed.

Specific example 2: packet transmission delay analysis over power

The above describes how to use the present invention to achieve the synchronization between the monitoring device and the power line broadband carrier communication time base, and the following describes how to implement the transmission delay of the monitoring data packet in the power line according to the requirements of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 13, the MPDU frame carries a MAC frame, and the MAC frame is composed of a MAC header and MSDU data, where the MAC header includes fields as shown in table 4.

In the MAC frame header format in table 4, the field "original source TEI" indicates the identity of the original source terminal device of the MSDU, i.e. the TEI of the source terminal device that originally generated the MSDU; the field "original destination TEI" represents the identity of the final destination terminal device of the MSDU, i.e. the TEI of the destination terminal device that finally needs to process the MSDU; the field "MSDU sequence number" refers to the incremented sequence number assigned to the MSDU by the original device that generated the MSDU.

As shown in fig. 12, if an MSDU data frame is transmitted from the communication module of the electricity meter 7 to the communication module of the central coordinator CCO, the "original source TEI" indicates the communication module device id of the electricity meter 7, the "original destination TEI" indicates the communication module device id of the central coordinator CCO, the "MSDU serial number" indicates the MSDU number transmitted from the electricity meter 7 to the central coordinator CCO, and these three field contents are not changed during the relay process.

Table 4: MAC frame header format

The delimiter type field given in table 2 defines that if MAC frame data is transmitted when MPDU frames are transmitted, then the SOF frame format in table 2 will be used, in addition to the beacon frame type. The contents of the field providing "SOF frame" for power line broadband carrier communication are shown in table 5.

TABLE 5 variable regions of SOF Frames

In the "SOF frame" field content, there are also two addresses, one is the field "source TEI" indicating the TEI of the station sending the MPDU frame. The other is that the field "destination TEI" indicates the TEI of the destination device site that receives the MPDU frame. These two addresses are stored in the frame control, indicating the source and destination addresses of the current transmission. As in fig. 7, MPDU data blocks are transmitted from the electric meter 7 to the electric meter 4, then in the frame control of this MPDU frame data packet, the "source TEI" is the device identification of the communication module of the electric meter 7. The "destination TEI" is the device identification of the communication module of the electricity meter 4.

From the above analysis, it is assumed that, in the process of transmitting one MPDU packet from the electricity meter 7 communication module to the central coordinator CCO, according to the already established route of the power communication system, the electricity meter 7 communication module is transmitted to the electricity meter 4 communication module, the electricity meter 4 communication module is transmitted to the electricity meter 2 communication module, and the electricity meter 2 communication module is transmitted to the central coordinator communication module. The whole communication process is completed.

According to the invention, the electric meter of the monitoring device is connected, and the frame data sent and received by the electric meter can be captured by the monitoring device and stored in the monitoring device in the form of the power line monitoring data frame. And the monitoring equipment is time-tagged in the power line monitoring data frame.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the meter 7 communication module sends an MPDU packet to the central coordinator communication module, which is captured by the monitoring device 3, the monitoring device 2 and the monitoring device 1. And time stamps received (time of reception by the monitoring device) are all printed on the monitoring device. Recording that the monitoring device 3 receives the MPDU start time mpduabaselockcounter 3, the monitoring device 2 receives the MPDU start time mpduabaselockcounter 21, the monitoring device 2 receives the MPDU end time mpduabaselockcounter 22, the monitoring device 1 receives the MPDU start time mpduabaselockcounter 11, and the monitoring device 1 transmits the MPDU end time mpduabaselockcounter 12.

For clarity of illustration of these time relationships, this is shown in FIG. 15. The time delay amount of each node can be clearly calculated. For example, in an embodiment, the transmission time delay between meter 7 and meter 4 is MpduBaseLock counter 21-MpduBaseLock counter3. The processing time delay inside the electricity meter 2 is: mpduBaseLockcounter 12-MpduBaseLockcounter 11.

By the same token, the invention can use the selective acknowledgement frame and the inter-network coordination on the monitoring power line. The contents of the corresponding fields in the frame control are shown in tables 6 and 7.

TABLE 6 selection of confirmed variable regions

The "select acknowledgement frame" is also captured by the monitoring device, which may be the same as determining whether the transmission between the meters was correct, and the exact time to receive the reply.

TABLE 7 variable regions of inter-network coordination

Specific example 3: power equipment processing data packet delay time analysis

According to the power equipment communication standard, the communication is carried out between the power equipment and the communication module in a frame structure mode by specifically referring to Q/GDW 11778-2017 object-oriented electricity utilization information data exchange protocol.

Table 8 data link layer frame structure on serial port

The monitoring device monitors the data stream on the serial port between the power device and the communication module in real time, and can also monitor the data link layer frame structure data transmitted between the power device and the communication module in real time, as shown in table 8, and store the data stream in the form of a serial port monitoring data frame.

The APDU data format in table 8 is described in table 9 according to "Q/GDW 11778-2017 object-oriented electricity consumption information data exchange protocol", and is given in an asn.1 description manner.

TABLE 9 Client-APDU Definitions

According to the description of the present invention, the monitoring device will record the APDU packet content in real time, and record the start time of the first bit of the "start character (68H)" field, and also record the APDU start time as baseclock coupler _ start _ APDU. Record the last bit time of the "end character (16H)" in the data link layer frame, and also the APDU end time, which is marked as baseloadcounter _ end _ APDU, and save in the monitoring device in the form of serial port listening data frame.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the communication module sends an operation of resetting the power meter, and a data packet recording the APDU is referred to as a Request _ APDU.

The section "h.5.1 operate an object method request" in the protocol "Q/GDW 11778-2017 object-oriented electricity consumption information data exchange protocol".

The content of the Request _ APDU packet:

executing an electric energy reset method, sending: 07 01 05 0010 01 00F 00

07——[7]ACTION-Request

01——[1]ActionRequest

05——PIID

00 10 01 00——OMD

0F 00-parameter Data, integer (0)

00-No time tag

The monitoring device also receives the APDU data packet on the serial port between the power device and the communication module, and the starting time of receiving the Request _ APDU data recorded by the monitoring device is as follows: and the BaseClockCounterStartRequest APDU with the ending time of BaseClockCounterEndRequest APDU is stored in the monitoring device in the form of a serial port monitoring data frame.

After receiving the APDU request packet, the power device sends out an APDU Response packet, which is recorded as Response _ APDU, according to the request command of the APDU packet.

Content of the Response _ APDU packet:

responding: 87 01 05 0010 01 00 00 00 00 00

87——[135]ACTION-Response

01——[1]ActionResponseNormal

05——PIID-ACD

00 10 01 00——OMD

00-DAR, 0 success

00-Data option =0 indicates no Data

The monitoring device also receives the APDU data packet on the serial port between the power device and the communication module, records the starting time of receiving the Response _ APDU data packet as baselockcounter _ start _ Response _ APDU and the ending time as baselockcounter _ end _ Response _ APDU, and stores the data packet in the monitoring device in the form of a serial port monitoring data frame.

Then, according to the description of the present invention, the communication module resets the power Device, and the method for calculating the delay Time required by the power Device to process the reset function is Device _ handle _ reset _ Time

＝BaseClockCounter_start_Reponse_APDU-BaseClockCounter_end_Request_APDU

Specific example 4: time delay analysis of communications module processing power device requests

There are two categories of commands that the power device requests the communication module to process. One is to set the communication mode of the communication module, and the other is to request the communication module to transmit the data packet to the remote power device.

In this embodiment, the first type performs a communication mode setting scenario on the communication module.

It is assumed that the command sent by the power device to the communication module is to set the clock of the communication module, and the command is encapsulated in a data link frame format in an APDU frame format.

Data content of APDU frame

Setting a clock, and sending: 06 0102 40 00 02C 07 E0 01 10B 00 0

06——[6]SET-Request

01——[1]SetRequestNormal

02——PIID

40 00 02 00——OAD

1C-Data: type 28: date _ time _ s

07 E0 01 14 10 b 0B — time: 2016-01-20 16:27:11

00-No time tag

A data link frame of the APDU carrying the setting clock is also monitored by the monitoring device, and when the monitoring device monitors the APDU, the data link frame is marked as baselockcounter _ start _ setclock _ APDU, and the start time is baselockcounter _ end _ setclock _ APDU, and the data link frame is stored in the monitoring device in the form of a serial port monitoring data frame.

And the communication module starts the corresponding processing process of the APDU command after receiving the APDU command, sets the time of the communication module according to the APDU command, and replies an APDU data packet to the electric power equipment after the communication module finishes the setting.

Replying the content of the corresponding APDU data packet:

responding: 86 0102 40 00 0200 00 00 00

86——[134]SET-Response

01——[1]SetResponseNormal

02——PIID-ACD

40 00 02 00——OAD

00-DAR, 0 success

00-FollowReport option =0 indicates that no information is reported

00-No time tag

The APDU packet is also monitored by the monitoring device. The monitoring device records the start time of receiving the APDU data as follows: the BaseClockCounter _ start _ rsp _ APDU has the ending time: and the BaseClockCounter _ end _ rsp _ APDU is stored in the monitoring device in the form of a serial port listening data frame.

According to the present invention, the processing time of the communication module processing setting clock can be calculated as

BaseClockCounter_start_rsp_APDU-BaseClockCounter_end_APDU。

In this embodiment, the second class is directed to scenarios in which the communication module is requested to deliver a data packet to the remote power device.

Assume that the power device requests the communication module to communicate an APDU frame format packet that is encapsulated in a data link frame format. For example, in the embodiment, it is assumed that the power device receives the meter reading request, and the power device assembles the meter reading data of the power device into an APDU format data packet to the communication module.

For example, APDU content of electric power equipment meter reading result data

Responding: 85 01 01 40010200 01 09 06 123456789012 00 00

85——[133]GET-Response

01——[1]GetResponseNormal

01——PIID-ACD

40 01 02 00——OAD

01——Data

09——octet-string

06——SIZE(6)

1234567890 12-communication Address: 123456789012

00-FollowReport option =0 indicates that no information is reported

00-No time tag

The data link frame carrying the APDU is also monitored by the monitoring device, and when the monitoring device monitors the APDU, the start time is recorded as baseloadcounter _ start _ meter _ APDU, and the end time is baseloadcounter _ end _ meter _ APDU, and is stored in the monitoring device in the form of a serial port monitoring data frame.

The communication module receives the command of completing the APDU, the APDU is responsible for forming an MPDU data packet in an MAC layer of the communication module, the MPDU data packet can be monitored by the monitoring equipment on the power line, and the starting time of recording the data packet is as follows: the BaseClockCounterStartMPDU has the ending time as follows: and the BaseClockCounter _ end _ MPDU is saved in the monitoring device in the form of a power line monitoring data frame.

According to the description of the invention, the processing time of the communication module for processing the data of the power equipment can be calculated as

BaseClockCounter_start_MPDU-BaseClockCounter_end_meter_APDU。

Specific example 5: time delay analysis of communication module processing power line data packet

According to the description of the invention, the monitoring device can calculate the time when the communication module receives the data packet on the power line and submits the processing result to the power equipment after the processing is completed.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the communication module receives an MPDU packet on the power line, in which an APDU packet that needs to be delivered to the power device is carried. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the communication address of the power device is read.

When the communication module receives the MPDU data packet, the monitoring device also receives the MPDU data packet on the power line, and the starting time of receiving the MPDU is recorded by the monitoring device as follows: the BaseClockCounterStartMPDU has the ending time as follows: baseLock counter _ end _ MPDU and saved in the monitoring device in the form of a power line monitoring data frame.

After the communication module processes the MPDU, an APDU packet is taken out from the MPDU packet.

Contents of APDU packets

Reading the communication address of the electric energy meter, and sending: 05 01 01 40010200 00

05——[5]GET-Request

01——[1]GetRequestNormal

01——PIID

4001 02-OAD: communication address 40010200

00-No time tag

The communication module submits the APDU data packet to the power equipment through the serial port, the monitoring equipment also receives the APDU data packet at the same time, and the starting time of recording and receiving the APDU is as follows: the BaseClockCounter _ start _ APDU has the ending time as follows: and the BaseClockCounter _ end _ APDU is stored in the monitoring device in the form of a serial port listening data frame.

According to the description of the present invention, the time for the communication module to receive an MPDU, extract an APDU from the MPDU, and forward the APDU to the power device can be calculated. Is marked as

BaseClockCounter_start_APDU-BaseClockCounter_end_MPDU。

Specific example 6: time delay analysis of transit packets in a communication module

According to the description of the present invention, the monitoring device may calculate the time when the communication module receives the data packet on the power line and forwards the data packet after the processing is completed, for example, when the proxy coordinator PCO receives the data packet reported by a child node, the data packet needs to be transferred to the central coordinator CCO, and the communication module of the proxy coordinator PCO receives the data packet and forwards the data packet to the parent node of the proxy coordinator PCO.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the proxy coordinator PCO communication module receives an MPDU data packet transmitted by a child node on the power line, and the MPDU data is also received by the monitoring device at the same time, and the starting time when the monitoring device receives the MPDU data packet is denoted as baseloadcounter _ start _ rec _ MPDU. Recording the end time: baseClockCounter _ end _ rec _ MPDU and saved in the monitoring device in the form of a power line monitoring data frame.

And the agent coordinates the communication module of the PCO to process and complete the reception of the MPDU data packet, takes out the MAC frame from the MPDU data packet, and forwards the MAC frame to the father node of the PCO again according to the routing table in the communication module. The MPDU packet forwarded by the communication module is also monitored by the monitoring device, and it is assumed that the monitoring device monitors that the MPDU packet is recorded as send _ MPDU. The recording monitoring device receives a send _ MPDU starting time BaseClockCounterStartSend _ MPDU and an ending time BaseClockCounterEndsent _ Send _ MPDU, and the starting time BaseClockCounterSetCounterSetCounterSetSetCounterSetSetIn _ Start _ Send _ MPDU are stored in the monitoring device in the form of a power line monitoring data frame.

According to the description of the invention, the time delay length of the data packet forwarded by the communication module of the proxy coordinator is calculated as follows:

BaseClockCounter_start_send_MPDU-BaseClockCounter_end_rec_MPDU。

it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the present invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A monitoring system of a whole network power line broadband carrier communication system is characterized in that a monitoring device is connected in parallel with a transmission power line of a power line communication module, the monitoring device is used for monitoring all input and output of the power line communication module, and comprises a power line signal receiving module, a physical layer frame header searching module, a frame control analysis module, a frame load analysis module, a beacon analysis module, a time base management module, an MPDU frame format storage module, a serial port signal receiving module, an application layer frame receiving module and an application layer frame processing module;

the power line signal receiving module acquires input and output signals of the communication module on a power line in a wireless coupling or direct connection power line mode, and the module is only in a receiving state and does not send any data, so that the functions of power line simulation front end and automatic gain control are completed;

the physical layer frame receiving module completes the search of a preamble signal in a physical layer frame structure, records the frame control starting time, namely the MPDU starting time, completes the complete receiving of the physical layer frame, and completes the receiving time, namely the MPDU ending time;

the frame control analysis module completes the analysis of the frame control content in the MPDU frame format, whether the delimiter type in the received MPDU frame format is a beacon frame needs to be judged in the module, the beacon frame comprises a central beacon, an agent beacon or a discovery beacon, if the beacon frame is the beacon frame, a copy is copied to the beacon analysis module for time base synchronization, otherwise, the beacon frame is only processed by the physical layer frame processing module; and the module completes the SNR measurement of the frame control data, the check of the frame control check sequence and the check of the load data check;

the beacon analysis module analyzes a 32-bit beacon timestamp in a beacon frame and sends a frame control start time and the beacon timestamp to the base management module;

the physical layer frame processing module completes the analysis of frame load information in a physical layer frame format, the measurement of the signal-to-noise ratio of frame control data, the check of a frame control check sequence, the check of load data, and the recording of a power line monitoring data frame comprising a frame control SNR, a frame load SNR, an MPDU starting time, an MPDU ending time and an MPDU data packet;

the time base management module provides a clock counting function of 25MHz, adjusts the time base counter value of the monitoring equipment according to the beacon timestamp provided by the beacon analysis module, and adjusts the 25MHz clock frequency of the monitoring equipment according to the received multiple beacon frame control time and the beacon timestamp;

the serial port signal receiving module is used for receiving the serial port data stream between the communication module and the equipment;

the application layer frame receiving module completes frame identification of serial port data stream to form a complete data link layer frame, the data link layer frame comprises an APDU data packet, the starting time of the data link frame is recorded and recorded as the starting time of the APDU data packet, and the ending time of the data link layer frame is recorded and recorded as the ending time of the APDU;

the application layer frame processing module completes identification of APDU application layer frames, checks sequence check, and constructs a serial port monitoring data frame containing APDU data packet starting time, APDU data packet finishing time and APDU data packet;

the monitoring data frame storage module completes the sequential storage of the monitoring data frames from different sources to configured storage media, namely, the power line monitoring data frame and the serial port monitoring data frame.

2. The system for monitoring power line broadband carrier communication of claim 1, wherein the power line signal receiving module obtains the input and output signals of the communication module on the power line by wireless coupling or direct connection to the power line, and the module is only in a receiving state and does not send any data, thereby completing the functions of power line analog front end and automatic gain control.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the frame control parsing module is required to determine whether the delimiter type in the MPDU frame format received is a beacon frame, the beacon frame includes a central beacon, a proxy beacon or a discovery beacon, if the beacon frame is a beacon frame, a copy is made to the beacon parsing module for time base synchronization, otherwise, the beacon frame is only processed by the physical layer frame processing module; and also completing the SNR measurement of the frame control data and the checking of the frame control check sequence and the checking of the load data check.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the data link layer frame includes an APDU packet, a start time of the data link frame is recorded as an APDU packet start time, and an end time of the data link layer frame is recorded as an APDU end time.

5. A time base adjustment method based on the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, for ensuring that the monitoring device time base counter and the network reference time are always in synchronization, and adjusting the monitoring device clock to be consistent with the central coordinator clock, comprising the steps of:

and step 3: after the monitoring equipment searches for the preamble, the frame control analysis module continues to read out the frame control content, and if the frame control content is determined to be the 'Beacon frame', the 'Beacon timestamp' in the frame control is continuously read out and recorded as BaseLock counter _ Beacon from the 'delimiter type' field of the frame control; if the frame is not the beacon frame, the time base of the monitoring equipment is not adjusted, and the transmission signal on the power line is continuously monitored;

and 4, step 4: the frame control analysis module sends the starting time BaseClockCounterFC of the Beacon frame and the content BaseClockCounterBeacon of the field of the Beacon timestamp to the time base management module;

6. An MPDU and APDU packet storage method based on the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising a power line monitoring data frame storage processing step, and the specific steps are as follows:

and 2, step: the frame control analysis module completes analysis of the frame control content, and records field delimiter type, source TEI and target TEI value in the frame control; respectively recorded as: FC _ Type, FC _ Source _ Address _ TEI and FC _ Target _ Address _ TEI, and in the process of receiving frame control data, measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of frame control and recording as FC _ SNR;

and step 3: the frame load analysis module analyzes the frame load content according to the frame control parameters, and records MAC frame header fields of original Source TEI, original Target TEI and MSDU serial number as MAC _ Source _ Address _ TEI, MAC _ Target _ Address _ TEI and MAC _ MSDU _ SN; and in the process of receiving frame load data, measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the frame load, and recording as MAC _ SNR;

7. The method for storing MPDUs and APDU packets according to claim 6, further comprising a serial port listening data frame storing process step, specifically:

step 2: the application layer frame receiving module checks whether a legal data link layer frame exists on the interface or not through the data link layer frame header; if the frame is a valid data link layer frame, recording the starting moment of the data link layer frame as APDU starting time, recording as BaseClockCounter _ start _ APDU, and if the frame is not a legal data link layer frame, continuing to monitor the data stream on the serial port;

and step 3: if the effective data link layer frame header is searched for receiving, continuing to receive data at the serial port until the application layer frame processing module receives a complete data link layer frame structure, and the application layer frame processing module bears an APDU data packet in the data link layer frame structure, and simultaneously recording the receiving time of the last bit of the end character in the data link layer frame, and recording the receiving time as APDU end time, baseClockCounter _ end _ APDU;

and 4, step 4: the monitoring data frame storage module comprises APDU starting time, APDU ending time and APDU data packet contents, and the serial port monitoring data frame is formed by the member contents and is recorded with ApduFrame; and the monitoring data frame storage module sequentially stores the serial port monitoring data frames.