CN202210151U - System for remote checking and monitoring for electric energy metering device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种对电能计量装置的误差进行远程校验和监测的系统，包括现场监测设备以及管理中心，所述现场监测设备与管理中心之间设置有工业计算机，所述工业计算机分别与现场监测设备和管理中心连接。该远程校验和监测的系统是集信号、数据采集与处理、数据库管理、现场实时校验、监测报警、通讯于一体的计量装置远程检测系统。解决了目前变电所、发电厂内计量装置不能有效、实时测试电能表误差及其二次回路工作状态的问题；同时便于现代化管理，节省现场校表的费用和时间，及时发现计量装置的故障问题，并充分地利用了当代先进的通讯技术资源，大大减轻了劳动强度，提高了工作效率，保证了计量的公平、公正、准确。
The utility model discloses a system for remotely verifying and monitoring the error of an electric energy metering device, which includes on-site monitoring equipment and a management center. An industrial computer is arranged between the on-site monitoring equipment and the management center, and the industrial computers are respectively Connect with on-site monitoring equipment and management center. The remote calibration and monitoring system is a remote detection system for metering devices that integrates signal, data acquisition and processing, database management, on-site real-time calibration, monitoring and alarm, and communication. It solves the problem that the current metering devices in substations and power plants cannot be effective and can test the error of the electric energy meter and the working status of the secondary circuit in real time; at the same time, it is convenient for modern management, saves the cost and time of on-site meter calibration, and detects the failure of the metering device in time problems, and make full use of contemporary advanced communication technology resources, greatly reducing labor intensity, improving work efficiency, and ensuring the fairness, justice and accuracy of measurement.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种远程校验和检测的系统，尤其是涉及一种对电能计量装置的误差进行远程校验和监测的系统，属于电能领域。 The utility model relates to a system for remote calibration and detection, in particular to a system for remote calibration and monitoring of errors of electric energy metering devices, which belongs to the field of electric energy.
背景技术 Background technique
电能计量是电力部门经济工作的重要组成部分,它指导着安全生产和经营管理,为电力生产提供技术保证。同时，科学、准确、可靠的计量又是生产组织、经营管理和领导决策的重要依据。目前各个电力公司对现场运行计量装置的检测手段主要是定期检查,这样就造成对计量装置的检测周期长，检测手段落后，无法实时对运行中的计量装置进行监测。随着电力发展，用电量日益增大。测试计量装置的精度也是一个突出的问题。电能表的误差占整个计量装置综合误差的70％以上，因此针对电能表误差的考核应该放在首位，其次是互感器的误差，二次线路压降的参数。针对电能表误差的校验，由于现场负荷状况随时间而不同，功率因数也不是固定不变的，特别受暂态过程影响，电表的误差在现场运行时也是不断变化的。传统的检测方法是通过人工手动地逐个电量表进行检测，不但增加了操作人员的劳动强度，而且还对操作人员的人身安全形成了隐患。 Electric energy metering is an important part of the economic work of the electric power sector. It guides safe production and management, and provides technical guarantee for electric power production. At the same time, scientific, accurate and reliable measurement is an important basis for production organization, operation management and leadership decision-making. At present, the detection methods of various electric power companies on the on-site operation of the metering device are mainly regular inspections, which results in a long detection cycle for the metering device, backward detection methods, and the inability to monitor the metering device in operation in real time. With the development of electric power, the power consumption is increasing day by day. The accuracy of test metering devices is also an outstanding issue. The error of the energy meter accounts for more than 70% of the comprehensive error of the entire metering device, so the assessment of the error of the energy meter should be placed first, followed by the error of the transformer and the parameters of the voltage drop of the secondary line. For the verification of the error of the electric energy meter, because the on-site load condition varies with time, the power factor is not fixed, especially affected by the transient process, the error of the electric meter is also constantly changing during field operation. The traditional detection method is to manually detect electricity meters one by one, which not only increases the labor intensity of the operators, but also poses hidden dangers to the personal safety of the operators.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
实用新型的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点和不足，提供一种对电能计量装置的误差进行远程校验和监测的系统，该远程校验和监测的系统是集信号、数据采集与处理、数据库管理、现场实时校验、监测报警、通讯于一体的计量装置远程检测系统。解决了目前变电所、发电厂内计量装置不能有效、实时测试电能表误差及其二次回路工作状态的问题；同时便于现代化管理，节省现场校表的费用和时间，及时发现计量装置的故障问题，并充分地利用了当代先进的通讯技术资源，大大减轻了劳动强度，提高了工作效率，保证了计量的公平、公正、准确。 The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a system for remote verification and monitoring of the error of the electric energy metering device. The remote verification and monitoring system is a collection of signals, data acquisition and processing, A remote detection system for metering devices that integrates database management, on-site real-time calibration, monitoring and alarming, and communication. It solves the problem that the current metering devices in substations and power plants cannot be effective and can test the error of the electric energy meter and the working status of the secondary circuit in real time; at the same time, it is convenient for modern management, saves the cost and time of on-site meter calibration, and detects the failure of the metering device in time problems, and make full use of contemporary advanced communication technology resources, greatly reducing labor intensity, improving work efficiency, and ensuring the fairness, justice and accuracy of measurement.
本实用新型的目的通过下述技术方案实现：对电能计量装置的误差进行远程校验和监测的系统，包括现场监测设备以及管理中心，所述现场监测设备与管理中心之间设置有工业计算机，所述工业计算机分别与现场监测设备和管理中心连接。 The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a system for remote calibration and monitoring of the error of the electric energy metering device, including on-site monitoring equipment and a management center, an industrial computer is arranged between the on-site monitoring equipment and the management center, The industrial computer is respectively connected with the on-site monitoring equipment and the management center.
所述工业计算机设置有通信接口，所述通信接口与管理中心通过通信网络进行信号传输。既能够通过有线网络进行信号传输，也能够通过无线网络进行信号传输。 The industrial computer is provided with a communication interface, and the communication interface and the management center perform signal transmission through a communication network. Signal transmission can be performed not only through a wired network, but also through a wireless network.
所述管理中心包括远程控制计算机和本地控制计算机，所述远程控制计算机和本地控制计算机均与工业计算机连接。 The management center includes a remote control computer and a local control computer, both of which are connected to the industrial computer.
所述远程控制计算机和本地控制计算机均连接有数据处理器。数据处理器将收集到的数据按照事先设定的程序进行处理。 Both the remote control computer and the local control computer are connected with data processors. The data processor processes the collected data according to the preset procedures.
所述现场监测设备包括数据采集模块，所述数据采集模块与工业计算机连接。利用数据采集模块将电量表的数据实施实时检测与采集。 The on-site monitoring equipment includes a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected with an industrial computer. Use the data acquisition module to implement real-time detection and acquisition of the data of the electricity meter.
所述数据采集模块连接有温度补偿电路，所述温度补偿电路包括温度补偿器与温度监控设备。用于对数据采集模块进行温度补偿，保证检测数据的精度。 The data acquisition module is connected with a temperature compensation circuit, and the temperature compensation circuit includes a temperature compensator and a temperature monitoring device. It is used to perform temperature compensation on the data acquisition module to ensure the accuracy of the detection data.
所述数据采集模块连接有若干电能表。利用多个数据采集模块能够对多个变电所、发电厂的计量装置进行检测。 The data acquisition module is connected with several electric energy meters. Multiple data acquisition modules can be used to detect the metering devices of multiple substations and power plants.
所述数据采集模块连接有标准表，所述标准表与工业计算机连接。标准表用于作为一种标准，对于测试表的参照。 The data acquisition module is connected with a standard meter, and the standard meter is connected with an industrial computer. The standard sheet is used as a standard, the reference for the test sheet.
综上所述，本实用新型的有益效果是：该远程校验和监测的系统是集信号、数据采集与处理、数据库管理、现场实时校验、监测报警、通讯于一体的计量装置远程检测系统。解决了目前变电所、发电厂内计量装置不能有效、实时测试电能表误差及其二次回路工作状态的问题；同时便于现代化管理，节省现场校表的费用和时间，及时发现计量装置的故障问题，并充分地利用了当代先进的通讯技术资源，大大减轻了劳动强度，提高了工作效率，保证了计量的公平、公正、准确。 To sum up, the beneficial effect of the utility model is that the remote calibration and monitoring system is a remote detection system for metering devices that integrates signal, data acquisition and processing, database management, on-site real-time calibration, monitoring and alarming, and communication. . It solves the problem that the current metering devices in substations and power plants cannot be effective and can test the error of the electric energy meter and the working status of the secondary circuit in real time; at the same time, it is convenient for modern management, saves the cost and time of on-site meter calibration, and detects the failure of the metering device in time problems, and make full use of contemporary advanced communication technology resources, greatly reducing labor intensity, improving work efficiency, and ensuring the fairness, justice and accuracy of measurement.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的原理图； Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the utility model;
图2是温度补偿器的示意图。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature compensator.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合实施例及附图，对本实用新型作进一步的详细说明，但本实用新型的实施方式不仅限于此。 The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.
实施例： Example:
如图1、图2所示，对电能计量装置的误差进行远程校验和监测的系统，包括现场监测设备以及管理中心，所述现场监测设备与管理中心之间设置有工业计算机，所述工业计算机分别与现场监测设备和管理中心连接。系统通过其现场监测设备实现对现场各个接入的电能计量点的校验信号采集、分析处理、存储及通讯等，通过管理中心实现对现场检测设备的远程和本地监控，及时对反馈回的情况进行处理，实现自动化功能。 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the system for remote verification and monitoring of the error of the electric energy metering device includes on-site monitoring equipment and a management center. An industrial computer is set between the on-site monitoring equipment and the management center. The industrial The computer is respectively connected with the on-site monitoring equipment and the management center. The system realizes the verification signal acquisition, analysis, processing, storage and communication of each connected electric energy metering point through its on-site monitoring equipment, realizes remote and local monitoring of the on-site testing equipment through the management center, and timely monitors the feedback status processing to achieve automation.
所述工业计算机设置有通信接口，所述通信接口与管理中心通过通信网络进行信号传输。首先，系统通过数据采集模块对电能表的脉冲、电压、电流信号通过A/D转化和数据处理实现对现场多块关口表进行校验，检测的数据进行存储并可以在现场直接读取校验数据，同时可以通过通信接口传送被检测的数据，终端设备如：工业计算机能够通过接收该数据，进行管理、监视现场电能表的精度变化情况，以便于对不良电表及时处理。 The industrial computer is provided with a communication interface, and the communication interface and the management center perform signal transmission through a communication network. First of all, the system uses the data acquisition module to perform A/D conversion and data processing on the pulse, voltage, and current signals of the electric energy meter to verify the multiple gateway meters on site. The detected data is stored and can be directly read and verified on site. At the same time, the detected data can be transmitted through the communication interface. Terminal equipment such as industrial computers can manage and monitor the accuracy changes of on-site electric energy meters by receiving the data, so as to deal with bad electric meters in time.
所述管理中心包括远程控制计算机和本地控制计算机，所述远程控制计算机和本地控制计算机均与工业计算机连接。通过远程控制计算机和本地控制计算机实现对现场检测设备收集的数据的及时处理与传输，提高了工作效率。 The management center includes a remote control computer and a local control computer, both of which are connected to the industrial computer. Through the remote control computer and the local control computer, the timely processing and transmission of the data collected by the on-site detection equipment is realized, and the work efficiency is improved.
所述远程控制计算机和本地控制计算机均连接有数据处理器。数据处理器及时将收集到的数据进行对比处理，能够快速地将收集到的信号做出分析。 Both the remote control computer and the local control computer are connected with data processors. The data processor compares and processes the collected data in a timely manner, and can quickly analyze the collected signals.
所述现场监测设备包括数据采集模块，所述数据采集模块与工业计算机连接。系统采用将测试回路串入CT二次回路的方法测试，既保证电流回路不会开路，又能够保证电流采样不影响系统的测量精度，具备16位的A/D转换分辨率，现场监测设备内采用先进的数字处理并控制其它电子电路实现不同通道的切换,从而达到对现场多路的循环测试或特定电能表测试。 The on-site monitoring equipment includes a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected with an industrial computer. The system is tested by connecting the test circuit in series with the CT secondary circuit, which not only ensures that the current circuit will not open, but also ensures that the current sampling does not affect the measurement accuracy of the system. It has a 16-bit A/D conversion resolution and the field monitoring equipment Adopt advanced digital processing and control other electronic circuits to switch between different channels, so as to achieve multi-channel loop test or specific electric energy meter test on site.
所述数据采集模块连接有温度补偿电路，所述温度补偿电路包括温度补偿器与温度监控设备。系统为了适应现场测试需要，在设计上已经考虑了现场温度变化情况，设置有温度补偿电路，温度补偿电路中含有温度补偿器，避免温度变化对测试精度影响。温度补偿器通电后，输出端与数据采集模块连接，当温度监控设备检测到现场温度升高1°时，温度补偿器输出端输出负10mV数值的到数据采集模块，从而补偿了现场温度升高时带来的误差；当现场温度降低1°时，温度补偿器输出端输出正10mV数值的到数据采集模块，补偿了现场温度降低时带来的误差。使得现场系统测试的结果是处于一个稳定的环境下，保证了测试的精度。检测系统可以通过远程控制计算机对测试要求进行设置,包括测试要求和报警门限值，同时还可以使用开发的汉化界面数据管理软件进行数据处理，方便用户配套实现实时检测数据的现代化管理。 The data acquisition module is connected with a temperature compensation circuit, and the temperature compensation circuit includes a temperature compensator and a temperature monitoring device. In order to meet the needs of on-site testing, the system has taken into account the on-site temperature changes in the design, and is equipped with a temperature compensation circuit. The temperature compensation circuit contains a temperature compensator to avoid the impact of temperature changes on the test accuracy. After the temperature compensator is powered on, the output terminal is connected to the data acquisition module. When the temperature monitoring equipment detects that the site temperature rises by 1°, the output terminal of the temperature compensator outputs a negative 10mV value to the data acquisition module, thereby compensating for the site temperature increase. When the on-site temperature drops by 1°, the output terminal of the temperature compensator outputs a positive 10mV value to the data acquisition module, which compensates for the error caused by the on-site temperature drop. The result of the on-site system test is in a stable environment, which ensures the accuracy of the test. The detection system can set the test requirements through the remote control computer, including test requirements and alarm thresholds. At the same time, it can also use the developed Chinese interface data management software for data processing, which is convenient for users to realize modern management of real-time detection data.
所述数据采集模块连接有若干电能表，所述数据采集模块连接有标准表，所述标准表与工业计算机连接。数据采集模块将采集到的电能表的数值传输到工业计算机中，工业计算机将同时将该数值与标准表的数值进行实时对比，检测出误差所在，针对一组电能表误差的循环监测，不仅可以了解电能表误差随负荷变化状况，还可以掌握到电能表在不同工作状态，如发生在数据通信时刻，低负荷下长期运行等，电能表误差是保持在计量标准许可范围之内。 The data acquisition module is connected with several electric energy meters, the data acquisition module is connected with a standard meter, and the standard meter is connected with an industrial computer. The data acquisition module transmits the collected value of the electric energy meter to the industrial computer, and the industrial computer will compare the value with the value of the standard meter in real time at the same time to detect the error. The circular monitoring of the error of a group of electric energy meters can not only Knowing the change of the error of the electric energy meter with the load, you can also know that the error of the electric energy meter is kept within the allowable range of the measurement standard in different working states, such as when it occurs at the time of data communication, long-term operation under low load, etc.
本套监测系统由于采用了高精度标准表，现场将被测一组电能表的脉冲引入系统脉冲端口，经信号整形和预处理后，16位的A/D转换器负责将被测电能表的脉冲送入微处理器与系统内部的标准电能脉冲进行比较，从而计算出电能表的误差。 Since this set of monitoring system adopts high-precision standard meters, the pulses of a group of electric energy meters under test are introduced into the pulse port of the system on site. After signal shaping and preprocessing, the 16-bit A/D converter is responsible for the The pulse sent to the microprocessor is compared with the standard electric energy pulse inside the system to calculate the error of the electric energy meter.
由于监测系统工作在针对一组电能表的测试模式下，系统内部设置了多路转换开关，用户不同时刻切换到相应的回路进行测试，微处理器担任控制、运算核心。标准表的工作原理与此相似，被测电能表的多路电压和电流引入本套监测系统后，由多路转换开关负责切换，该切换受微处理器的直接管理，我们可以预设控制时间及控制次序，将预设信息存储到存储器内部，实现自动循环测试，保证整个测试过程井然有序，使得标准表在统一时刻能够采集到对应回路的电压、电流及脉冲信号。当测量压降、导纳及误差数据时，自动调用设置门限与测量参数进行比较，当测量值超出门限值时，系统将自动触发报警脉冲，实现电话回拨；或将报警信息存入报警信息寄存器，管理中心的本地控制计算机或者远程控制计算机通过及时读取报警信息寄存器，同样可以查看有无报警信息。 Since the monitoring system works in the test mode for a group of electric energy meters, a multi-way switch is set inside the system, and the user switches to the corresponding circuit for testing at different times, and the microprocessor serves as the control and calculation core. The working principle of the standard meter is similar to this. After the multi-channel voltage and current of the measured electric energy meter are introduced into the monitoring system, the multi-channel switch is responsible for switching. The switching is directly managed by the microprocessor. We can preset the control time And the control sequence, store the preset information in the memory, realize the automatic cycle test, ensure the order of the whole test process, so that the standard meter can collect the voltage, current and pulse signal of the corresponding circuit at the same time. When measuring pressure drop, admittance and error data, the set threshold is automatically called to compare with the measured parameters. When the measured value exceeds the threshold, the system will automatically trigger an alarm pulse to realize the call back; or store the alarm information in the alarm The information register, the local control computer or the remote control computer of the management center can also check whether there is an alarm information by reading the alarm information register in time.
针对该三路信号的接入和采集，监测系统实现了以下方面的考虑： For the access and collection of the three-way signals, the monitoring system has realized the following considerations:
1、电压回路与电表电压端子并联，为防止监测系统电压回路对电表端电压的正常采集构成影响，系统内部考虑了完备的过流保护措施，当系统内部发生短路现象时，系统自动断开电表电压回路，隔断与电表电压端的电气连接。 1. The voltage loop is connected in parallel with the voltage terminal of the meter. In order to prevent the voltage loop of the monitoring system from affecting the normal collection of the voltage of the meter terminal, complete overcurrent protection measures are taken into account in the system. When a short circuit occurs inside the system, the system automatically disconnects the meter. Voltage loop, which isolates the electrical connection with the voltage terminal of the meter.
2、电表电流回路与监测系统串接，即整个布线原则按照电流互感器－电表－电能计量校验监测系统－电流互感器进行，为防止监测系统端电流回路对CT二次回路的畅通构成影响，监测系统内部采用了高精度穿心CT，保证信号采集与继电控制回路不会造成CT二次的开路危险。 2. The electric meter current circuit is connected in series with the monitoring system, that is, the whole wiring principle is carried out according to the current transformer-electric meter-electric energy measurement calibration monitoring system-current transformer, in order to prevent the current circuit at the monitoring system end from affecting the smooth flow of the CT secondary circuit , The monitoring system uses a high-precision through-the-heart CT to ensure that the signal acquisition and relay control loop will not cause the secondary open circuit of the CT.
3、脉冲采集。由于脉冲传输线路可能受到变电站强磁干扰及其他电力、电动控制类负荷产生的高频杂波干扰，造成信号畸变，特别是脉冲常数过高的情况下，抗干扰能力越差。监测系统在脉冲输入端子处（经多路切换后）设计了脉冲整形，有效防止信号畸变对测量工作构成影响。另外，在安装时考虑了信号传输利用屏蔽电缆的方式，将现场不利因素构成的影响降到最低。 3. Pulse collection. Since the pulse transmission line may be subject to strong magnetic interference from substations and high-frequency clutter interference from other power and electric control loads, resulting in signal distortion, especially when the pulse constant is too high, the anti-interference ability is worse. The monitoring system is designed with pulse shaping at the pulse input terminal (after multi-channel switching) to effectively prevent signal distortion from affecting the measurement work. In addition, the method of using shielded cables for signal transmission was considered during installation to minimize the impact of unfavorable factors on site.
本系统具有对电能表的误差、CT二次回路导纳、CT二次负荷、PT二次压降进行测试的功能，本次安装的系统只选用了电能表的误差测试，其他功能在需要时可进行扩展。工频交流电压和电流被引入监测系统后，经多路转换开关后A/D转换器对特定回路的信号进行模/数转换，然后微处理器针对预先设定的算法进行其他参数（功率因数、相角、频率、功率）进行换算。 This system has the function of testing the error of the electric energy meter, the admittance of the CT secondary circuit, the secondary load of the CT, and the secondary voltage drop of the PT. The system installed this time only uses the error test of the electric energy meter, and other functions can be used when necessary. Expandable. After the power frequency AC voltage and current are introduced into the monitoring system, the A/D converter performs analog/digital conversion on the signal of a specific circuit through the multiplex switch, and then the microprocessor performs other parameters (power factor , phase angle, frequency, power) for conversion.
循环测试的数据自动被存入现场工业计算机的存储器（硬盘）中，数据以分组的格式存储，可以根据记录号查询已保存参数。也可以通过系统的RS-232串行通信口实现数据的下载。另外设置参数，包括监测回路的接线方式、表号、脉冲常数及测试圈数等可以通过本地或远程上传至现场工业计算机的存储器（硬盘）中；报警参数，误差门限同样可以上传或本地直接设置预存入现场工业计算机的存储器（硬盘）中。当测量压降、导纳及误差数据时，自动调用设置门限与测量参数进行比较，当测量值超出门限值时，系统将自动触发报警脉冲，实现电话回拨；或将报警信息存入报警信息寄存器，后台计算机通过及时读取报警信息寄存器，同样可以查看有无报警信息。 The data of the cycle test is automatically stored in the memory (hard disk) of the on-site industrial computer, and the data is stored in a group format, and the saved parameters can be queried according to the record number. Data download can also be realized through the system's RS-232 serial communication port. In addition, setting parameters, including the connection mode of the monitoring circuit, the meter number, the pulse constant and the number of test circles, etc. can be uploaded to the memory (hard disk) of the on-site industrial computer locally or remotely; the alarm parameters and error threshold can also be uploaded or directly set locally. Pre-stored in the memory (hard disk) of the on-site industrial computer. When measuring pressure drop, admittance and error data, the set threshold is automatically called to compare with the measured parameters. When the measured value exceeds the threshold, the system will automatically trigger an alarm pulse to realize the call back; or store the alarm information in the alarm Information register, the background computer can also check whether there is alarm information by reading the alarm information register in time.
对电能计量装置的误差进行远程校验和监测的系统的应用圆满地解决了现场测试问题。可以避免现场测试时的接线错误，把测试中的中间环节造成的失误降低为零。同时它还可以实现在线监测电网运行状况下的各个电力瞬时量，跟踪线路的负荷情况，实时监测了解电能表等计量装置的误差状况。它采用现代的通信手段满足了现代化办公对资源共享的需求。在线检测系统的应用从另一方面来说也避免电能表误差给电力部门造成的电量损失，从而确保电力部门的经济效益。 The application of the system for remote calibration and monitoring of the error of the electric energy metering device satisfactorily solves the problem of on-site testing. Wiring errors during on-site testing can be avoided, and errors caused by intermediate links in testing can be reduced to zero. At the same time, it can also realize online monitoring of various instantaneous power quantities under the operating conditions of the power grid, track the load conditions of the lines, and monitor and understand the error status of metering devices such as electric energy meters in real time. It uses modern means of communication to meet the needs of modern office for resource sharing. On the other hand, the application of the online detection system also avoids the power loss caused by the error of the electric energy meter to the power department, so as to ensure the economic benefits of the power department.
采取上述方式，就能较好地实现本实用新型。 By adopting the above method, the utility model can be better realized.
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