CN113253283A - Universal system suitable for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement - Google Patents
Universal system suitable for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN113253283A CN113253283A CN202110721139.5A CN202110721139A CN113253283A CN 113253283 A CN113253283 A CN 113253283A CN 202110721139 A CN202110721139 A CN 202110721139A CN 113253283 A CN113253283 A CN 113253283A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/50—Systems of measurement, based on relative movement of the target
- G01S15/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
- G01S15/582—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
- G01P5/244—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect involving pulsed waves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a general system suitable for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement, which comprises: the device comprises a receiving circuit, a transmitting circuit, a signal processing circuit and a transducer; the transducer is a phased array transducer or a JANUS array transducer; the signal processing circuit is used for generating a transmitting signal, the transmitting circuit is used for amplifying the power of the transmitting signal, and the amplified transmitting signal drives the transducer to transmit a sound wave signal to water; the receiving circuit is used for conditioning the echo signal received by the transducer; the signal processing circuit performs AD conversion on the conditioned echo signal to obtain a digital signal, processes and calculates the digital signal, controls the length of the transmitting pulse, the time of the sampling window, the length of the sampling time and the gain of the receiving circuit according to the calculation result, and outputs speed information. The invention can be suitable for phased array Doppler velocity measurement or conventional array Doppler velocity measurement and has the characteristics of high integration level, flexible control and strong universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic Doppler velocity measurement, in particular to a universal system suitable for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement.
Background
The acoustic Doppler speed measuring device such as an acoustic Doppler log and an acoustic Doppler flow profiler is widely used for controlling and navigating carriers such as water ships, underwater towed bodies, AUVs, UUV and the like. The transducers selected by the system are divided into a phased array mode and a conventional JANUS array mode, and the two processing modes are different, so that the required hardware and software are different. Compared with a conventional JANUS array, the phased array transducer with the same frequency is small in size, the end face is a plane, so that the phased array transducer is easy to conform to a carrier, a processing circuit is relatively complex, beam forming is required, and the difficulty in hardware and software implementation is increased.
How to provide a general system which is based on the same platform and is not only suitable for phased array Doppler velocity measurement but also suitable for a conventional JANUS array Doppler velocity measurement system is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a general system suitable for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, which is suitable for phased array doppler velocity measurement or conventional array doppler velocity measurement and has high integration level, flexible control and strong versatility.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a general system for acoustic doppler velocimetry, comprising: the device comprises a receiving circuit, a transmitting circuit, a signal processing circuit and a transducer; the transducer is a phased array transducer or a JANUS array transducer; the transducer is respectively connected with the receiving circuit and the transmitting circuit; the signal processing circuit is respectively connected with the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit;
the signal processing circuit is used for generating a transmitting signal, the transmitting circuit is used for carrying out power amplification on the transmitting signal, and the amplified transmitting signal drives the transducer to transmit a sound wave signal to water;
the receiving circuit is used for conditioning the echo signals received by the transducer;
and the signal processing circuit performs AD conversion on the conditioned echo signal to obtain a digital signal, processes and solves the digital signal, controls the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit according to a calculation result, and simultaneously outputs speed information.
Preferably, in the above general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, the receiving circuit includes a transverse beam signal receiving circuit and a longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit; the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises a first-stage LC resonance filter circuit, a first-stage controllable gain amplifier, a second-stage resonance filter circuit, a second-stage controllable gain amplifier and a band-pass filter; the received transverse echo signal is filtered by the first-stage LC resonance filter circuit and then amplified by the first-stage controllable gain amplifier, the amplified echo signal is filtered again by the second-stage resonance filter circuit and then input to the second-stage controllable gain amplifier for secondary amplification, the echo signal after secondary amplification is filtered out of band noise by the band-pass filter, and a conditioned transverse beam signal is generated and output to the signal processing circuit; the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit and the transverse beam signal receiving circuit have the same structure, and the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit generates a conditioned longitudinal beam signal and outputs the conditioned longitudinal beam signal to the signal processing circuit.
Preferably, in the above general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, the transverse beam signal receiving circuit has two transverse receiving channels, and the two transverse receiving channels are respectively connected to the two transverse velocity measuring channels of the transducer; one of the transverse receiving channels of the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises capacitors C1 and C2, a receiving protection switch V1, intermediate frequency transformers T1 and T5, controllable gain amplifiers D1 and D3 and a band-pass filter D5; the capacitors C1, C2 and the intermediate frequency transformer T1 constitute the first-stage LC resonant filter circuit, the controllable gain amplifier D1 is the first-stage controllable gain amplifier, the intermediate frequency transformer T5 is the second-stage resonant filter circuit, and the controllable gain amplifier D3 is the second-stage controllable gain amplifier;
the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C1 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS1, and one end of the capacitor C2 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS 2; XS1 and XS2 are respectively connected with one transverse speed measuring channel of the transducer; a first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, a second input end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, one end of the receiving protection switch V1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2 and the second input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1; a first output end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D1, and a second output end is grounded; the first input end and the second input end of the transformer T5 are both connected with a controllable gain amplifier D1; a first output end of the transformer T5 is connected to the controllable gain amplifier D3, and a second output end is grounded; the band-pass filter D5 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D3 and outputs the conditioned transverse beam signal I1 to the signal processing circuit;
the other transverse receiving channel of the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises capacitors C3 and C4, a receiving protection switch V2, intermediate frequency transformers T2 and T6, controllable gain amplifiers D1 and D3 and a band-pass filter D5;
the capacitors C3 and C4 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C3 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS3, and one end of the capacitor C4 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS 4; XS3 and XS4 are respectively connected with the other transverse speed measuring channel of the transducer; a first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3, a second input end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C4, one end of the receiving protection switch V2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3 and the first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2, and the other end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C4 and the second input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2; a first output end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D1, and a second output end is grounded; the first input end and the second input end of the transformer T6 are both connected with a controllable gain amplifier D1; a first output end of the transformer T6 is connected to the controllable gain amplifier D3, and a second output end is grounded; the band-pass filter D5 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D3 and outputs the conditioned transverse beam signal I2 to the signal processing circuit;
the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit is provided with two longitudinal receiving channels, the two longitudinal receiving channels are respectively connected with the two longitudinal speed measuring channels of the transducer, and conditioned longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4 are output to the signal processing circuit.
Preferably, in the above general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, the transmitting circuit includes a class D power amplifier D7, a transformer T9, and a duplexer V5-V12; a first input end and a second input end of the transformer T9 are respectively connected with a D-type power amplifier D7, a first output end is respectively connected with one ends of the transceiving switches V5-V8, and a second output end is connected with one ends of the V9-V12; the other ends of the transceiving conversion switches V5-V12 are respectively provided with corresponding leading-out ends XS9-XS 16; the pulse signals TX + and TX-, the pulse signals TX + and TX-generated by the signal processing circuit form transmitting signals which are sent to a D-type power amplifier D7, the D-type power amplifier D7 amplifies the power of the transmitting signals, and the amplified transmitting signals are boosted through a transformer T9 and output to the transducer.
Preferably, in the above general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, the signal processing circuit includes a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8, an FPGA control circuit D9, a filter circuit D10, a DSP signal processor D11 and a memory D12; the echo signals are conditioned by the receiving circuit and then are transmitted to a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8 for synchronous sampling, and the digital signals are obtained; the FPGA control circuit D9 controls the sampling process of the AD sampling chip D8; the FPGA control circuit D9 generates pulse signals TX + and TX-with certain frequencies and sends the pulse signals TX + and TX-to the transmitting circuit for power amplification, and the pulse signals after power amplification drive the transducer to transmit sound wave signals outwards; the FPGA control circuit D9 generates a PWM signal, the filter circuit D10 outputs direct current voltage after low-pass filtering the PWM signal, and the output direct current voltage controls the gain of the controllable gain amplifiers D1-D4; meanwhile, the FPGA control circuit D9 also preprocesses the sampled digital signals and sends the preprocessed data to the memory D12 for storage; after the storage is finished, the DSP signal processor D11 takes out the data stored in the memory D12, performs data processing and frequency calculation, and performs information interaction with the FPGA control circuit D9 according to the calculation result; meanwhile, the DSP signal processor D11 sends out speed information.
Preferably, in the above general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, the information interaction between the DSP signal processor D11 and the FPGA control circuit D9 includes: the next pulse transmission length, the magnitude of the control gain, and the sampling window time and sampling time length.
Preferably, in the above general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, the transducer is a phased array transducer; transverse array wiring terminals X1+, X2+, X3+ and X4+ of the phased array transducer form a transverse speed measuring channel when passing through transverse beam signals, and longitudinal array wiring terminals Y1+, Y2+, Y3+ and Y4+ form a longitudinal speed measuring channel when passing through longitudinal beam signals; when a signal is transmitted, X1+ is connected with XS9, X2+ is connected with XS10, X3+ is connected with XS13, X4+ is connected with XS14, XS9, XS10, XS13 and XS14 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9, 180-degree phase difference exists, and a transverse transmitting channel is formed; y1+ is connected with XS11, Y2+ is connected with XS12, Y3+ is connected with XS15, Y4+ is connected with XS16, XS11, XS12, XS15 and XS16 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9, 180-degree phase difference exists, and a longitudinal emission channel is formed; when receiving signals, X1+ and X3+ are connected with a first input end and a second input end of an intermediate frequency transformer T1 to form 180-degree phase shift conversion, X2+ and X4+ are connected with the first input end and the second input end of an intermediate frequency transformer T2 to form 180-degree phase shift conversion, and X1+, X3+ and X2+ and X4+ form transverse beam signals I1 and I2 after passing through a transverse beam signal receiving circuit; y1+, Y3+, Y2+ and Y4+ form longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4 after passing through the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit; digital signals of I1, I2, I3 and I4 after being sampled by a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8 enter an FPGA control circuit D9, Hilbert transform is carried out in the FPGA control circuit D9, so that signals with 90-degree phase shift are respectively formed by the I1, the I2, the I3 and the I4, and the signals can respectively form four beam signals of left, right, front and back.
Preferably, in the above general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, the transducer is a JANUS array transducer; the JANUS array transducer is provided with arrays G1-G4; the array G1 and the array G2 form a transverse speed measuring channel, and the array G3 and the array G4 form a longitudinal speed measuring channel; the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the arrays G1, G2, G3 and G4 are X1+ and X1-, X2+ and X2-, Y1+ and Y1-, Y2+ and Y2-respectively; when a signal is transmitted, X1+ is connected with XS9, X2+ is connected with XS10, X1-is connected with XS13, X2-is connected with XS14, and XS9, XS10, XS13 and XS14 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9 to form a transverse transmitting channel; y1+ is connected with XS11, Y2+ is connected with XS12, Y1-is connected with XS15, Y2-is connected with XS16, and XS11, XS12, XS15 and XS16 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9 to form a longitudinal emission channel; when receiving signals, X1+, X1-, X2+, X2-, XS1, XS2, XS3 and XS4 are respectively connected with transverse receiving channels forming transverse beam signals I1 and I2, and Y1+, Y1-, Y2+, Y2-are correspondingly connected with leading-out ends XS5, XS6, XS7 and XS8 of the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit one by one to form longitudinal receiving channels of longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the general system suitable for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement is provided, can be used for a phased array Doppler velocity measurement system and a conventional JANUS array Doppler velocity measurement system, is high in universality, can avoid repeated design of the system, reduces the design difficulty of the phased array Doppler velocity measurement system, and has wide applicability and flexibility.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a general system for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, which is provided by the present invention and applied to a conventional JANUS array acoustic doppler velocity measurement system;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement applied to a phased array acoustic doppler velocity measurement system according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of beam forming of the transverse velocity measurement channel by combining hardware and software provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a general system suitable for acoustic doppler velocity measurement, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a receiving circuit, a transmitting circuit, a signal processing circuit and a transducer; the transducer is a phased array transducer or a JANUS array transducer; the transducer is respectively connected with the receiving circuit and the transmitting circuit; the signal processing circuit is respectively connected with the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit;
the signal processing circuit is used for generating a transmitting signal, the transmitting circuit is used for amplifying the power of the transmitting signal, and the amplified transmitting signal drives the transducer to transmit a sound wave signal to water;
the receiving circuit is used for conditioning the echo signal received by the transducer;
the signal processing circuit performs AD conversion on the conditioned echo signals to obtain digital signals, processes and solves the digital signals, controls the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit according to the solving result, and simultaneously outputs speed information.
The receiving circuit comprises a transverse beam signal receiving circuit and a longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit; the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises a first-stage LC resonance filter circuit, a first-stage controllable gain amplifier, a second-stage resonance filter circuit, a second-stage controllable gain amplifier and a band-pass filter; the received transverse echo signal is filtered by a first-stage LC resonance filter circuit and then amplified by a first-stage controllable gain amplifier, the amplified echo signal is filtered again by a second-stage resonance filter circuit and then input to a second-stage controllable gain amplifier for secondary amplification, the echo signal amplified again is filtered out of band noise by a band-pass filter to generate a conditioned transverse beam signal, and the conditioned transverse beam signal is output to a signal processing circuit; the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit and the transverse beam signal receiving circuit have the same structure, and the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit generates a conditioned longitudinal beam signal and outputs the conditioned longitudinal beam signal to the signal processing circuit.
Specifically, the transverse beam signal receiving circuit is provided with two transverse receiving channels, and the two transverse receiving channels are respectively connected with two transverse speed measuring channels of the transducer; the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit is provided with two longitudinal receiving channels which are respectively connected with two longitudinal speed measuring channels of the energy converter.
The following description will be made by taking a transverse beam signal receiving circuit as an example:
one transverse receiving channel of the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises capacitors C1 and C2, a receiving protection switch V1, intermediate frequency transformers T1 and T5, controllable gain amplifiers D1 and D3 and a band-pass filter D5; the capacitors C1, C2 and the intermediate frequency transformer T1 form a first-stage LC resonance filter circuit, the controllable gain amplifier D1 is a first-stage controllable gain amplifier, the intermediate frequency transformer T5 is a second-stage resonance filter circuit, and the controllable gain amplifier D3 is a second-stage controllable gain amplifier;
the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C1 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS1, and one end of the capacitor C2 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS 2; XS1 and XS2 are respectively connected with one transverse speed measuring channel of the transducer; a first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, a second input end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, one end of the receiving protection switch V1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2 and the second input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1; a first output end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D1, and a second output end is grounded; the first input end and the second input end of the transformer T5 are both connected with a controllable gain amplifier D1; a first output end of the transformer T5 is connected to the controllable gain amplifier D3, and a second output end is grounded; the band-pass filter D5 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D3 and outputs the conditioned transverse beam signal I1 to the signal processing circuit;
the other transverse receiving channel of the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises capacitors C3 and C4, a receiving protection switch V2, intermediate frequency transformers T2 and T6, controllable gain amplifiers D1 and D3 and a band-pass filter D5;
the capacitors C3 and C4 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C3 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS3, and one end of the capacitor C4 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS 4; XS3 and XS4 are respectively connected with the other transverse speed measuring channel of the transducer; a first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3, a second input end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C4, one end of the receiving protection switch V2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3 and the first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2, and the other end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C4 and the second input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2; a first output end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D1, and a second output end is grounded; the first input end and the second input end of the transformer T6 are both connected with a controllable gain amplifier D1; a first output end of the transformer T6 is connected to the controllable gain amplifier D3, and a second output end is grounded; the band-pass filter D5 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D3 and outputs the conditioned transverse beam signal I2 to the signal processing circuit;
the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit comprises capacitors C5-C8, receiving protection switches V3-V4, intermediate frequency transformers T3, T4, T7 and T8, controllable gain amplifiers D2 and D4 and a band-pass filter D6; the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit is provided with two longitudinal receiving channels, the two longitudinal receiving channels are respectively connected with the two longitudinal speed measuring channels of the transducer, and conditioned longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4 are output to the signal processing circuit. The controllable gain amplifiers D1-D4 all adopt AD8332, and the band-pass filters D5-D6 adopt AD 1568.
In a specific embodiment, the transmitting circuit comprises a class D power amplifier D7, a transformer T9 and transceiving switches V5-V12; a first input end and a second input end of the transformer T9 are respectively connected with a D-type power amplifier D7, a first output end is respectively connected with one ends of the transceiving switches V5-V8, and a second output end is connected with one ends of the V9-V12; the other ends of the transceiving conversion switches V5-V12 are respectively provided with corresponding leading-out ends XS9-XS 16; pulse signals TX + and TX-, and pulse signals TX + and TX-generated by the signal processing circuit form transmitting signals which are sent to a D-type power amplifier D7, the D-type power amplifier D7 amplifies the power of the transmitting signals, and the amplified transmitting signals are boosted through a transformer T9 and output to the transducer. The model of the class D power amplifier D7 is DRV 8432.
In a specific embodiment, the signal processing circuit comprises a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8, an FPGA control circuit D9, a filter circuit D10, a DSP signal processor D11 and a memory D12; memory D12 is DDR 2.
The echo signals are conditioned by a receiving circuit and then are transmitted to a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8 for synchronous sampling, and digital signals are obtained; the FPGA control circuit D9 controls the sampling process of the AD sampling chip D8; the FPGA control circuit D9 generates pulse signals TX + and TX-with certain frequency and sends the pulse signals to the transmitting circuit for power amplification, and the pulse signals after power amplification drive the transducer to transmit sound wave signals outwards; the FPGA control circuit D9 generates a PWM signal, the filter circuit D10 outputs direct current voltage after low-pass filtering the PWM signal, and the output direct current voltage controls the gain of the controllable gain amplifiers D1-D4; meanwhile, the FPGA control circuit D9 also preprocesses the sampled digital signals and sends the preprocessed data to the memory D12 for storage; after the storage is finished, the DSP signal processor D11 takes out the data stored in the memory D12, performs data processing and frequency calculation, and performs information interaction with the FPGA control circuit D9 according to the calculation result; meanwhile, the DSP signal processor D11 sends out speed information.
The information interaction between the DSP signal processor D11 and the FPGA control circuit D9 comprises: the next pulse transmission length, the magnitude of the control gain, and the sampling window time and sampling time length.
The receiving circuit, the transmitting circuit and the signal processing circuit are connected with the conventional array JUNAS array transducer to form a conventional array acoustic Doppler velocity measurement system, and are connected with the phased array transducer to form a phased array acoustic Doppler velocity measurement system.
A conventional array JANUS array acoustic Doppler velocimetry system is shown in figure 2. The JANUS array transducer is provided with arrays G1-G4; the array G1 and the array G2 form a transverse speed measuring channel, and the array G3 and the array G4 form a longitudinal speed measuring channel; the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the arrays G1, G2, G3 and G4 are X1+ and X1-, X2+ and X2-, Y1+ and Y1-, Y2+ and Y2-respectively; when a signal is transmitted, X1+ is connected with XS9, X2+ is connected with XS10, X1-is connected with XS13, X2-is connected with XS14, and XS9, XS10, XS13 and XS14 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9 to form a transverse transmitting channel; y1+ is connected with XS11, Y2+ is connected with XS12, Y1-is connected with XS15, Y2-is connected with XS16, and XS11, XS12, XS15 and XS16 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9 to form a longitudinal emission channel; when receiving signals, X1+, X1-, X2+, X2-, XS1, XS2, XS3 and XS4 are respectively connected with transverse receiving channels forming transverse beam signals I1 and I2, and Y1+, Y1-, Y2+, Y2-are correspondingly connected with leading-out ends XS5, XS6, XS7 and XS8 of the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit one by one to form longitudinal receiving channels of longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4. In this embodiment, the software in the signal processing circuit is conventional array acoustic doppler velocity measurement system software.
A phased array acoustic doppler velocimetry system is shown in figure 3. Transverse array wiring terminals X1+, X2+, X3+ and X4+ of the phased array transducer form a transverse speed measuring channel when passing through transverse beam signals, and longitudinal array wiring terminals Y1+, Y2+, Y3+ and Y4+ form a longitudinal speed measuring channel when passing through longitudinal beam signals; when a signal is transmitted, X1+ is connected with XS9, X2+ is connected with XS10, X3+ is connected with XS13, X4+ is connected with XS14, XS9, XS10, XS13 and XS14 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9, 180-degree phase difference exists, and a transverse transmitting channel is formed; y1+ is connected with XS11, Y2+ is connected with XS12, Y3+ is connected with XS15, Y4+ is connected with XS16, XS11, XS12, XS15 and XS16 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9, 180-degree phase difference exists, and a longitudinal emission channel is formed; when receiving signals, X1+ and X3+ are connected with a first input end and a second input end of an intermediate frequency transformer T1 to form 180-degree phase shift conversion, X2+ and X4+ are connected with the first input end and the second input end of an intermediate frequency transformer T2 to form 180-degree phase shift conversion, and X1+, X3+ and X2+ and X4+ form transverse beam signals I1 and I2 after passing through a transverse beam signal receiving circuit; y1+, Y3+, Y2+ and Y4+ form longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4 after passing through the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit; digital signals of I1, I2, I3 and I4 after being sampled by a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8 enter an FPGA control circuit D9, Hilbert transform is carried out in the FPGA control circuit D9, so that signals with 90-degree phase shift are respectively formed by the I1, the I2, the I3 and the I4, and the signals can respectively form four beam signals of left, right, front and back.
Therefore, the phased array received signal beam forming method in this embodiment is: the 180 ° phase shift is realized by hardware, the 90 ° phase shift is realized by software, and the effect of forming the beam of the transverse velocity channel can be achieved by combining hardware and software, which is schematically shown in fig. 4. Similarly, the longitudinal velocity measurement channel can also be realized by the method, and the software in the signal processing circuit in this embodiment is phased array acoustic doppler velocity measurement system software.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A general system for acoustic doppler velocimetry, comprising: the device comprises a receiving circuit, a transmitting circuit, a signal processing circuit and a transducer; the transducer is a phased array transducer or a JANUS array transducer; the transducer is respectively connected with the receiving circuit and the transmitting circuit; the signal processing circuit is respectively connected with the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit;
the signal processing circuit is used for generating a transmitting signal, the transmitting circuit is used for carrying out power amplification on the transmitting signal, and the amplified transmitting signal drives the transducer to transmit a sound wave signal to water;
the receiving circuit is used for conditioning the echo signals received by the transducer;
and the signal processing circuit performs AD conversion on the conditioned echo signal to obtain a digital signal, processes and solves the digital signal, controls the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit according to a calculation result, and simultaneously outputs speed information.
2. The general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement according to claim 1, wherein said receiving circuit comprises a transverse beam signal receiving circuit and a longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit; the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises a first-stage LC resonance filter circuit, a first-stage controllable gain amplifier, a second-stage resonance filter circuit, a second-stage controllable gain amplifier and a band-pass filter; the received transverse echo signal is filtered by the first-stage LC resonance filter circuit and then amplified by the first-stage controllable gain amplifier, the amplified echo signal is filtered again by the second-stage resonance filter circuit and then input to the second-stage controllable gain amplifier for secondary amplification, the echo signal after secondary amplification is filtered out of band noise by the band-pass filter, and a conditioned transverse beam signal is generated and output to the signal processing circuit; the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit and the transverse beam signal receiving circuit have the same structure, and the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit generates a conditioned longitudinal beam signal and outputs the conditioned longitudinal beam signal to the signal processing circuit.
3. The general system for acoustic doppler velocity measurement according to claim 2, wherein the transverse beam signal receiving circuit has two transverse receiving channels, and the two transverse receiving channels are respectively connected to the two transverse velocity measurement channels of the transducer; one of the transverse receiving channels of the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises capacitors C1 and C2, a receiving protection switch V1, intermediate frequency transformers T1 and T5, controllable gain amplifiers D1 and D3 and a band-pass filter D5; the capacitors C1, C2 and the intermediate frequency transformer T1 constitute the first-stage LC resonant filter circuit, the controllable gain amplifier D1 is the first-stage controllable gain amplifier, the intermediate frequency transformer T5 is the second-stage resonant filter circuit, and the controllable gain amplifier D3 is the second-stage controllable gain amplifier;
the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C1 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS1, and one end of the capacitor C2 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS 2; XS1 and XS2 are respectively connected with one transverse speed measuring channel of the transducer; a first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, a second input end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, one end of the receiving protection switch V1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2 and the second input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1; a first output end of the intermediate frequency transformer T1 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D1, and a second output end is grounded; the first input end and the second input end of the transformer T5 are both connected with a controllable gain amplifier D1; a first output end of the transformer T5 is connected to the controllable gain amplifier D3, and a second output end is grounded; the band-pass filter D5 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D3 and outputs the conditioned transverse beam signal I1 to the signal processing circuit;
the other transverse receiving channel of the transverse beam signal receiving circuit comprises capacitors C3 and C4, a receiving protection switch V2, intermediate frequency transformers T2 and T6, controllable gain amplifiers D1 and D3 and a band-pass filter D5;
the capacitors C3 and C4 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C3 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS3, and one end of the capacitor C4 is provided with a leading-out terminal XS 4; XS3 and XS4 are respectively connected with the other transverse speed measuring channel of the transducer; a first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3, a second input end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C4, one end of the receiving protection switch V2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3 and the first input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2, and the other end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C4 and the second input end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2; a first output end of the intermediate frequency transformer T2 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D1, and a second output end is grounded; the first input end and the second input end of the transformer T6 are both connected with a controllable gain amplifier D1; a first output end of the transformer T6 is connected to the controllable gain amplifier D3, and a second output end is grounded; the band-pass filter D5 is connected with the controllable gain amplifier D3 and outputs the conditioned transverse beam signal I2 to the signal processing circuit;
the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit is provided with two longitudinal receiving channels, the two longitudinal receiving channels are respectively connected with the two longitudinal speed measuring channels of the transducer, and conditioned longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4 are output to the signal processing circuit.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the transmitter circuit comprises a class D power amplifier D7, a transformer T9, and switches V5-V12; a first input end and a second input end of the transformer T9 are respectively connected with a D-type power amplifier D7, a first output end is respectively connected with one ends of the transceiving switches V5-V8, and a second output end is connected with one ends of the V9-V12; the other ends of the transceiving conversion switches V5-V12 are respectively provided with corresponding leading-out ends XS9-XS 16; the pulse signals TX + and TX-, the pulse signals TX + and TX-generated by the signal processing circuit form transmitting signals which are sent to a D-type power amplifier D7, the D-type power amplifier D7 amplifies the power of the transmitting signals, and the amplified transmitting signals are boosted through a transformer T9 and output to the transducer.
5. The general system for acoustic Doppler velocimetry as claimed in claim 4, wherein the signal processing circuit comprises a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8, an FPGA control circuit D9, a filter circuit D10, a DSP signal processor D11 and a memory D12; the echo signals are conditioned by the receiving circuit and then are transmitted to a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8 for synchronous sampling, and the digital signals are obtained; the FPGA control circuit D9 controls the sampling process of the AD sampling chip D8; the FPGA control circuit D9 generates pulse signals TX + and TX-with certain frequencies and sends the pulse signals TX + and TX-to the transmitting circuit for power amplification, and the pulse signals after power amplification drive the transducer to transmit sound wave signals outwards; the FPGA control circuit D9 generates a PWM signal, the filter circuit D10 outputs direct current voltage after low-pass filtering the PWM signal, and the output direct current voltage controls the gain of the controllable gain amplifiers D1-D4; meanwhile, the FPGA control circuit D9 also preprocesses the sampled digital signals and sends the preprocessed data to the memory D12 for storage; after the storage is finished, the DSP signal processor D11 takes out the data stored in the memory D12, performs data processing and frequency calculation, and performs information interaction with the FPGA control circuit D9 according to the calculation result; meanwhile, the DSP signal processor D11 sends out speed information.
6. The general system for acoustic Doppler velocimetry as claimed in claim 5, wherein the information interaction between the DSP signal processor D11 and the FPGA control circuit D9 comprises: the next pulse transmission length, the magnitude of the control gain, and the sampling window time and sampling time length.
7. A general system for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement according to claim 5, wherein said transducer is a phased array transducer; transverse array wiring terminals X1+, X2+, X3+ and X4+ of the phased array transducer form a transverse speed measuring channel when passing through transverse beam signals, and longitudinal array wiring terminals Y1+, Y2+, Y3+ and Y4+ form a longitudinal speed measuring channel when passing through longitudinal beam signals; when a signal is transmitted, X1+ is connected with XS9, X2+ is connected with XS10, X3+ is connected with XS13, X4+ is connected with XS14, XS9, XS10, XS13 and XS14 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9, 180-degree phase difference exists, and a transverse transmitting channel is formed; y1+ is connected with XS11, Y2+ is connected with XS12, Y3+ is connected with XS15, Y4+ is connected with XS16, XS11, XS12, XS15 and XS16 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9, 180-degree phase difference exists, and a longitudinal emission channel is formed; when receiving signals, X1+ and X3+ are connected with a first input end and a second input end of an intermediate frequency transformer T1 to form 180-degree phase shift conversion, X2+ and X4+ are connected with the first input end and the second input end of an intermediate frequency transformer T2 to form 180-degree phase shift conversion, and X1+, X3+ and X2+ and X4+ form transverse beam signals I1 and I2 after passing through a transverse beam signal receiving circuit; y1+, Y3+, Y2+ and Y4+ form longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4 after passing through the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit; digital signals of I1, I2, I3 and I4 after being sampled by a 4-channel AD sampling chip D8 enter an FPGA control circuit D9, Hilbert transform is carried out in the FPGA control circuit D9, so that signals with 90-degree phase shift are respectively formed by the I1, the I2, the I3 and the I4, and the signals can respectively form four beam signals of left, right, front and back.
8. A general system suitable for acoustic Doppler velocity measurement according to claim 4, wherein the transducer is a JANUS array transducer; the JANUS array transducer is provided with arrays G1-G4; the array G1 and the array G2 form a transverse speed measuring channel, and the array G3 and the array G4 form a longitudinal speed measuring channel; the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the arrays G1, G2, G3 and G4 are X1+ and X1-, X2+ and X2-, Y1+ and Y1-, Y2+ and Y2-respectively; when a signal is transmitted, X1+ is connected with XS9, X2+ is connected with XS10, X1-is connected with XS13, X2-is connected with XS14, and XS9, XS10, XS13 and XS14 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9 to form a transverse transmitting channel; y1+ is connected with XS11, Y2+ is connected with XS12, Y1-is connected with XS15, Y2-is connected with XS16, and XS11, XS12, XS15 and XS16 are respectively connected with a first output end and a second output end of the transformer T9 to form a longitudinal emission channel; when receiving signals, X1+, X1-, X2+, X2-, XS1, XS2, XS3 and XS4 are respectively connected with transverse receiving channels forming transverse beam signals I1 and I2, and Y1+, Y1-, Y2+, Y2-are correspondingly connected with leading-out ends XS5, XS6, XS7 and XS8 of the longitudinal beam signal receiving circuit one by one to form longitudinal receiving channels of longitudinal beam signals I3 and I4.
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