CN110542766B - Processing circuit suitable for acoustic Doppler measures velocity of flow - Google Patents
Processing circuit suitable for acoustic Doppler measures velocity of flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN110542766B CN110542766B CN201910779696.5A CN201910779696A CN110542766B CN 110542766 B CN110542766 B CN 110542766B CN 201910779696 A CN201910779696 A CN 201910779696A CN 110542766 B CN110542766 B CN 110542766B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P1/00—Details of instruments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/26—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce influence of noise generated by amplifying elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/181—Low frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers
- H03F3/183—Low frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/187—Low frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/211—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/213—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
- H03F3/245—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages with semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
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- H03F3/68—Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing circuit suitable for measuring the flow velocity by acoustic Doppler, which comprises a power circuit, a main control circuit, a communication interface circuit, a transmitting drive circuit, a transmitting-receiving conversion circuit, an acoustic transducer and a receiving circuit, wherein the main control circuit is connected with the transmitting drive circuit; one end of the power supply circuit is connected with the main control circuit, and the main control circuit is respectively connected with the communication interface circuit and the receiving circuit; the other end of the power supply circuit is connected with the transmitting drive circuit, the transmitting drive circuit is connected with the transmitting-receiving conversion circuit, and the transmitting-receiving conversion circuit is connected with the acoustic transducer; the transducer is connected with the receiving circuit; the receiving circuit is also connected with the transceiving switching circuit. The processing circuit suitable for measuring the flow velocity by the acoustic Doppler has high circuit integration level and low power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic Doppler flow velocity measurement, in particular to a processing circuit suitable for acoustic Doppler flow velocity measurement.
Background
Acoustic doppler flow velocity measurement devices, such as doppler log meters and acoustic doppler flow profilers, are widely used in the control and high-precision navigation of surface vessels, underwater towed bodies, AUVs, UUVs, and the like. And equipment such as underwater towed bodies, AUVs, UUV and the like require that the weight, the size and the power of the acoustic Doppler flow velocity measurement device are small. The acoustic Doppler flow velocity measurement device mainly comprises an acoustic transducer, a processing circuit board and a shell. The size of the shell mainly depends on the size and the number of the processing circuit boards, so in order to meet the requirements of small size and low power consumption of the acoustic Doppler flow velocity measurement device, the integration level of the processing circuit is high, and the power consumption is low.
Therefore, how to provide a processing circuit with high circuit integration suitable for acoustic doppler measurement of flow velocity is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a processing circuit suitable for acoustic doppler measurement of flow velocity, which has high circuit integration and low power consumption.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a processing circuit adapted for acoustic doppler measurement of flow velocity, comprising: the device comprises a power circuit, a master control circuit, a communication interface circuit, a transmitting drive circuit, a transceiving conversion circuit, an acoustic transducer and a receiving circuit;
one end of the power supply circuit is connected with the main control circuit, and the main control circuit is respectively connected with the communication interface circuit and the receiving circuit;
the other end of the power supply circuit is connected with the transmitting drive circuit, the transmitting drive circuit is connected with the transmitting-receiving conversion circuit, and the transmitting-receiving conversion circuit is connected with the acoustic transducer; the transducer is connected with the receiving circuit; the receiving circuit is also connected with the transceiving conversion circuit and the main control circuit respectively.
Preferably, the power supply circuit includes: a first DC/DC module, a second DC/DC module, and a third DC/DC module;
the direct current 24V power supply generates direct current 12V and direct current 5V through the first DC/DC module,
the direct current 12V provides a bias power supply for a MOS transistor Q3 in the emission driving circuit;
the direct current 5V supplies power to the communication interface circuit and the receiving circuit;
the direct current 5V generates direct current 3.3V through the third DC/DC module, and the direct current 3.3V supplies power for the main control circuit;
the direct-current 24V power supply generates a direct-current 48V power supply through the second DC/DC module, and the direct-current 48V power supply provides transmitting energy for the transmitting driving circuit.
Preferably, the main control circuit includes: the system comprises an ARM microprocessor, a UART unit, a TIM unit and an ADC unit;
the UART unit is connected with the communication interface circuit;
the TIM unit is connected with the emission driving circuit;
the ADC unit is connected with the receiving circuit.
Preferably, the emission drive circuit includes: the device comprises a constant current source circuit, a power driving circuit and a transmitting coupling circuit;
the constant current source circuit includes: MOS pipe Q1, voltage-regulator diode V1, potentiometer W1, resistor R1, resistor R2 and capacitor C1;
one end of the resistor R2 is connected with a direct current 48V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded;
one end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and is connected with a direct current 48V power supply;
the other end of the potentiometer W1 is grounded through the resistor R1;
the adjusting end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with the grid of the MOS transistor Q1;
the two ends of the potentiometer W1 are connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing diode V1, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode V1 is connected between the potentiometer W1 and the resistor R1;
the power driving circuit includes: MOS transistor Q2, MOS transistor Q3, switch K1, switch K2, resistor R3, capacitor C2 and zener diode V2;
the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is grounded;
the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the switch K1;
the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected with the switch K2;
wherein the switch K1 and the switch K2 are connected with the TIM unit of the master control circuit;
the switch K1 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2; the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2 is connected with one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the switch K2;
one end of the capacitor C2 is connected between the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2 and the switch K1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected between the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3;
the transmit coupling circuit includes: a capacitor C3, an inductor L1 and a transformer T1;
one end of the capacitor C3 is connected between the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3, and the other end is connected with one end of the primary coil of the transformer T1;
one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q3, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the other end of the primary coil of the transformer T1;
the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the transmit-receive conversion circuit.
Preferably, the transceiver converter circuit includes: diode assembly D1 and diode assembly D2;
the diode component D1 and the diode component D2 are formed by connecting two diodes with opposite pole directions in parallel;
one end of the diode component D1 is connected with the secondary coil of the transformer T1, the other end is connected with one end of the acoustic transducer, and the other end of the acoustic transducer is grounded;
the diode assembly D2 is connected in parallel across the acoustic transducer.
Preferably, 4 of said acoustic transducers are included; and each sound transducer is connected with the diode assembly D1 and the diode assembly D2 correspondingly.
Preferably, the receiving circuit includes: 4 groups of filter circuits with the same structure are respectively used for correspondingly processing echo signals received by the 4 acoustic transducers;
each group of filter circuits comprises a first-stage band-pass filter circuit, a first-stage amplifying circuit, a second-stage band-pass filter circuit and a second-stage amplifying circuit which are connected in sequence; the second-stage amplifying circuit is connected with the ADC unit;
the first-stage band-pass filter circuit is formed by connecting a capacitor C4 and a primary coil of a transformer T2 and is connected to two ends of the diode component D2 in parallel;
the second-stage band-pass filter circuit is formed by connecting a secondary coil of a transformer T3 with a capacitor C5 and is connected between the first amplification circuit and the second-stage amplification circuit.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the processing circuit suitable for measuring the flow velocity by the acoustic Doppler is provided, and the emission driving circuit adopts the PWM technology, the constant current technology and the magnetic integration technology, so that the emission efficiency, the thermal stability and the circuit integration level are improved, and the power consumption of the sending circuit is reduced.
The main control circuit adopts an ARM microprocessor, and because the ARM microprocessor has rich internal resources and fewer peripheral devices, the circuit integration level is improved. And the circuit is flexible to control, low in power consumption and high in reliability.
In addition, the receiving circuit adopts a second-order passive band-pass filtering mode, so that the flatness of a passband is in-band and the attenuation of the passband is steep. The components are mainly surface-mounted and are wired by four layers of plates, so that space feedback and ground wire crosstalk are reduced, the stability and the anti-interference capability of the circuit are improved, and the receiving sensitivity is greatly improved.
The invention discloses a processing circuit suitable for measuring the flow velocity by acoustic Doppler, which has the advantages of concise system architecture and complete functional modules. Passive devices are adopted at multiple positions in a system processing circuit, for example, a power transformer is adopted in a transmitting circuit, and the power transformer has impedance transformation and frequency selection amplification functions. The receiving circuit adopts the middle period to carry out frequency-selective amplification on the small preposed signal. The passive device adopted in the circuit has the characteristics of no introduction of an interference source, low self consumption and power consumption of the passive device and the like, so that the power consumption of the circuit of the whole system is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing circuit suitable for sonic Doppler measurement of flow velocity in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power circuit provided in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a master control circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication interface circuit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an emission driving circuit provided in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transmit-receive conversion circuit provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a receiving circuit provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a processing circuit suitable for measuring a flow velocity by acoustic doppler, including: the device comprises a power circuit 1, a main control circuit 2, a communication interface circuit 3, a transmitting drive circuit 4, a transceiving conversion circuit 5, an acoustic transducer 6 and a receiving circuit 7;
one end of the power circuit 1 is connected with the main control circuit 2, and the main control circuit 2 is respectively connected with the communication interface circuit 3 and the receiving circuit 7;
the other end of the power circuit 1 is connected with the transmitting drive circuit 4, the transmitting drive circuit 4 is connected with the transceiving conversion circuit 5, and the transceiving conversion circuit 5 is connected with the acoustic transducer 6; the transducer is connected with the receiving circuit 7; the receiving circuit 7 is also connected with the transceiving conversion circuit 5 and the main control circuit 2 respectively.
The power supply circuit 1 converts a direct-current 24V power supply into a working power supply required by each component in the processing circuit;
the main control circuit 2 generates a sound source electric signal; collecting echo signals processed by the receiving circuit 7, and carrying out algorithm processing to calculate the flow rate;
the communication interface circuit 3 realizes the information interaction between the main control circuit 2 and the outside;
the emission driving circuit 4 amplifies the power of the electric signal of the sound source and loads the electric signal to the acoustic transducer 6;
the transmitting-receiving conversion circuit 5 carries out isolation conversion on the transmitting and receiving of the acoustic transducer 6;
the acoustic transducer 6 is a receiving and transmitting combined transducer, converts an electric signal of a sound source into an acoustic signal and transmits the acoustic signal to the fluid; converting echo acoustic signals received from the fluid into electrical signals;
the receiving circuit 7 picks up the echo electric signal of the acoustic transducer for amplification and filtering.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to further optimize the above technical solution, the power supply circuit 1 includes: a first DC/DC module, a second DC/DC module, and a third DC/DC module;
the direct current 24V power supply generates direct current 12V and direct current 5V through the first DC/DC module,
the direct current 12V provides a bias power supply for the MOS transistor Q3 in the emission driving circuit 4;
the direct current 5V supplies power for the communication interface circuit 3 and the receiving circuit 7;
the direct current 5V generates direct current 3.3V through the third DC/DC module, and the direct current 3.3V supplies power for the main control circuit 2;
the direct current 24V power supply generates a direct current 48V power supply through the second DC/DC module, and the direct current 48V power supply provides transmitting energy for the transmitting driving circuit 4.
A direct current 24V power supply source generates direct current 12V and direct current 5V through a DC/DC module N1, the direct current 12V provides a bias power supply for an MOS tube Q3 of the emission driving circuit 4, and the direct current 5V supplies power for other components of the processing circuit; the direct current 5V generates direct current 3.3V through a DC/DC module N3, and the direct current 3.3V supplies power to the ARM microprocessor; the direct current 24V power supply generates a 48V power supply through the DC/DC module N2, and the 48V power supply provides transmitting energy for the transmitting driving circuit 4.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in order to further optimize the above technical solution, the main control circuit 2 includes: the system comprises an ARM microprocessor, a UART unit, a TIM unit and an ADC unit;
the UART unit is connected with the communication interface circuit 3;
the TIM unit is connected with the emission driving circuit 4;
the ADC unit is connected to a receiving circuit 7.
The main control circuit 2 adopts an ARM microprocessor, and because the ARM microprocessor has rich internal resources and comprises functional components such as AD, TIM, UART and the like, fewer peripheral devices are needed, and the number of circuit board components is reduced. The ARM processor generates PWM pulses, and the power control is realized by using a pulse width modulation mode, so that the transmitting efficiency, the thermal stability and the reliability of a circuit are improved; the echo electric signal is converted into a digital signal through AD sampling of an ARM microprocessor, and then the flow rate is calculated through algorithm processing; the ARM microprocessor UART carries out information interaction with the outside through the communication interface circuit 3.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, in order to further optimize the above technical solution, the emission driving circuit 4 includes: the device comprises a constant current source circuit, a power driving circuit and a transmitting coupling circuit;
the constant current source circuit includes: MOS pipe Q1, voltage-regulator diode V1, potentiometer W1, resistor R1, resistor R2 and capacitor C1;
one end of the resistor R2 is connected with a direct current 48V power supply, and the other end is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded;
one end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and is connected with a direct current 48V power supply;
the other end of the potentiometer W1 is grounded through a resistor R1;
the adjusting end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with the grid of the MOS transistor Q1;
a zener diode V1 is connected in parallel to both ends of the potentiometer W1, and the positive electrode of the zener diode V1 is connected between the potentiometer W1 and the resistor R1.
The constant current source circuit consists of a MOS tube Q1, a voltage stabilizing diode V1, a potentiometer W1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a capacitor C1. The working principle is as follows: by adjusting the potentiometer W1, a bias voltage is generated between the drain and the source of the MOS transistor, so that the MOS transistor Q1 operates in a saturation region, and at this time, the MOS transistor Q1 acts as a voltage-controlled current source to charge the capacitor C1. When the DC 48V power supply fluctuates or the temperature changes, V is causedGSUndulate when VGSAt the time of increase IDIs increased so that VDSDecrease, K decreases, at which time IDThe constant current effect is achieved by keeping the constant current, so that the stability of the circuit is improved.
The power driving circuit includes: MOS transistor Q2, MOS transistor Q3, switch K1, switch K2, resistor R3, capacitor C2 and zener diode V2;
the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is grounded;
the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the switch K1;
the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is connected with the switch K2;
the switch K1 and the switch K2 are connected to the TIM unit of the main control circuit 2;
the switch K1 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2; the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with a switch K2;
one end of the capacitor C2 is connected between the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2 and the switch K1, and the other end is connected between the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3.
The power driving circuit consists of power MOS tubes Q2 and Q3, switches K1 and K2, a resistor R3, a capacitor C2 and a voltage stabilizing diode V2. The working principle is as follows: the power MOS tubes Q2 and Q3 form a half-bridge circuit, the resistor R3, the capacitor C2 and the voltage stabilizing diode V2 form a bootstrap circuit, and PWM pulse signals (TX + and TX-) provided by the main control circuit 2 control the power MOS tubes Q2 and Q3 to be switched. The energy of the capacitor C1 is loaded on the transmitting coupling circuit orderly. The half-bridge driving and power output circuit works in a switching state, the efficiency is high (up to 96 percent), and the temperature rise is small.
The transmission coupling circuit includes: a capacitor C3, an inductor L1 and a transformer T1;
one end of the capacitor C3 is connected between the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3, and the other end is connected with one end of the primary coil of the transformer T1;
one end of an inductor L1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q3, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the other end of the primary coil of the transformer T1;
the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the transmission/reception switching circuit 5.
The transmitting coupling circuit is composed of a capacitor C3, an inductor L1 and a transformer T1. The working principle is as follows: the capacitor C3 and the inductor L1 form a resonant frequency-selective filter network, and output a transmission source signal with a required frequency to be loaded on the 4 sound transducers 6. The transformer T1 realizes impedance transformation and isolation, the transformer T1 has copper loss and iron loss due to internal resistance of the inductor L1, and the transformer T1 has larger volume, and the inductor L1 and the transformer T1 are integrated together by adopting a magnetic integration technology, so that partial energy loss can be reduced, the space occupied by the inductor L1 on a printed board is reduced, the power consumption of a circuit is reduced, and the integration level of the circuit is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, in order to further optimize the above technical solution, the transceiving conversion circuit 5 includes: diode assembly D1 and diode assembly D2;
the diode component D1 and the diode component D2 are formed by connecting two diodes with opposite pole directions in parallel;
one end of the diode component D1 is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer T1, the other end is connected to one end of the acoustic transducer 6, and the other end of the acoustic transducer 6 is grounded;
the diode assembly D2 is connected in parallel across the acoustic transducer 6.
The transceiving switching circuit 5 is composed of a diode module D1 and a diode module D2. The working principle is as follows: diode component D1 and diode component D2 are each formed by parallel-connecting pairs of diodes of opposite polarity and of suitable conduction voltage. Diode assembly D1 is connected in series with the acoustic transducer 6 and diode assembly D2 is connected in parallel with the acoustic transducer 6. When transmitting, the peak value of the voltage of the transmitting source is a plurality of hundreds of volts, the transmitting source can pass through the diode component D1, and a short circuit is formed on the diode component D2, which is equivalent to closing the circuit of the receiving end; when receiving, the voltage of the echo signal is small, the diode component D2 is turned on, and the diode component D1 cannot be turned on, which is equivalent to turning off the transmitting end circuit, thereby realizing the automatic switching of the transmitting and receiving of the acoustic transducer 6.
With reference to fig. 1 and 6, in order to further optimize the above solution, 4 acoustic transducers 6 are included; and each acoustic transducer 6 is connected to a diode assembly D1 and a diode assembly D2, respectively.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, in order to further optimize the above technical solution, the receiving circuit 7 includes: 4 groups of filter circuits with the same structure are respectively used for correspondingly processing echo signals received by 4 acoustic transducers 6;
each group of filter circuits comprises a first-stage band-pass filter circuit, a first-stage amplifying circuit, a second-stage band-pass filter circuit and a second-stage amplifying circuit which are connected in sequence; the second-stage amplifying circuit is connected with the ADC unit;
the first-stage band-pass filter circuit is formed by connecting a capacitor C4 and a primary coil of a transformer T2 and is connected with two ends of a diode component D2 in parallel;
the second stage of band-pass filter circuit is formed by connecting a secondary coil of a transformer T3 with a capacitor C5 and is connected between the first amplification circuit and the second amplification circuit.
The receiving circuit 7 is composed of 4 groups of identical filter circuits, and respectively processes echo signals received by 4 acoustic transducers 6. The filter circuit adopts a second-order passive band-pass filter mode, and the first-stage band-pass filter circuit is an LC filter network consisting of a capacitor C4 and a transformer T2 primary coil. The transformer T2 realizes impedance transformation and isolation, signals are subjected to pre-stage amplification through the amplifier, and then are subjected to impedance transformation and isolation through the transformer T3; the second stage of band-pass filter circuit is an LC filter network formed by a capacitor C5 and a secondary coil of a transformer T3, and the signal is amplified again through an amplifier. The filter circuit adopts a second-order band-pass filtering mode to ensure the flatness of a passband in a band and steep attenuation out of the band. When the PCB is designed, the components are mainly surface-mounted, and four-layer plates are used for wiring, so that space feedback and ground wire crosstalk are reduced, the stability and the anti-interference capability of a circuit are improved, and the receiving sensitivity is greatly improved.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A processing circuit adapted for sonic doppler measurement of flow velocity, comprising: the device comprises a power circuit, a master control circuit, a communication interface circuit, a transmitting drive circuit, a transceiving conversion circuit, an acoustic transducer and a receiving circuit;
one end of the power supply circuit is connected with the main control circuit, and the main control circuit is respectively connected with the communication interface circuit and the receiving circuit;
the other end of the power supply circuit is connected with the transmitting drive circuit, the transmitting drive circuit is connected with the transmitting-receiving conversion circuit, and the transmitting-receiving conversion circuit is connected with the acoustic transducer; the transducer is connected with the receiving circuit; the receiving circuit is also respectively connected with the transceiving conversion circuit and the main control circuit;
the emission drive circuit includes: the device comprises a constant current source circuit, a power driving circuit and a transmitting coupling circuit;
the constant current source circuit includes: MOS pipe Q1, voltage-regulator diode V1, potentiometer W1, resistor R1, resistor R2 and capacitor C1;
one end of the resistor R2 is connected with a direct current 48V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded;
one end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and is connected with a direct current 48V power supply;
the other end of the potentiometer W1 is grounded through the resistor R1;
the adjusting end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with the grid of the MOS transistor Q1;
the two ends of the potentiometer W1 are connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing diode V1, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode V1 is connected between the potentiometer W1 and the resistor R1;
the power driving circuit includes: MOS transistor Q2, MOS transistor Q3, switch K1, switch K2, resistor R3, capacitor C2 and zener diode V2;
the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is grounded;
the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the switch K1;
the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected with the switch K2;
wherein the switch K1 and the switch K2 are connected with the TIM unit of the master control circuit;
the switch K1 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2; the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2 is connected with one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the switch K2;
one end of the capacitor C2 is connected between the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode V2 and the switch K1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected between the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3;
the transmit coupling circuit includes: a capacitor C3, an inductor L1 and a transformer T1;
one end of the capacitor C3 is connected between the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3, and the other end is connected with one end of the primary coil of the transformer T1;
one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q3, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the other end of the primary coil of the transformer T1;
the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the transmit-receive conversion circuit.
2. The processing circuit for acoustic doppler measurement of flow velocity of claim 1 wherein said power circuit comprises: a first DC/DC module, a second DC/DC module, and a third DC/DC module;
the direct current 24V power supply generates direct current 12V and direct current 5V through the first DC/DC module,
the direct current 12V provides a bias power supply for a MOS transistor Q3 in the emission driving circuit;
the direct current 5V supplies power to the communication interface circuit and the receiving circuit;
the direct current 5V generates direct current 3.3V through the third DC/DC module, and the direct current 3.3V supplies power for the main control circuit;
the direct-current 24V power supply generates a direct-current 48V power supply through the second DC/DC module, and the direct-current 48V power supply provides transmitting energy for the transmitting driving circuit.
3. A processing circuit adapted for acoustic doppler measurement of flow velocity according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the master circuit comprises: the system comprises an ARM microprocessor, a UART unit, a TIM unit and an ADC unit;
the UART unit is connected with the communication interface circuit;
the TIM unit is connected with the emission driving circuit;
the ADC unit is connected with the receiving circuit.
4. The processing circuit of claim 3, wherein the transreceiving circuit comprises: diode assembly D1 and diode assembly D2;
the diode component D1 and the diode component D2 are formed by connecting two diodes with opposite pole directions in parallel;
one end of the diode component D1 is connected with the secondary coil of the transformer T1, the other end is connected with one end of the acoustic transducer, and the other end of the acoustic transducer is grounded;
the diode assembly D2 is connected in parallel across the acoustic transducer.
5. A processing circuit adapted for acoustic Doppler measurement of flow velocity according to claim 4 comprising 4 of said acoustic transducers; and each sound transducer is connected with the diode assembly D1 and the diode assembly D2 correspondingly.
6. The processing circuit of claim 5, wherein the receiving circuit comprises: 4 groups of filter circuits with the same structure are respectively used for correspondingly processing echo signals received by the 4 acoustic transducers;
each group of filter circuits comprises a first-stage band-pass filter circuit, a first-stage amplifying circuit, a second-stage band-pass filter circuit and a second-stage amplifying circuit which are connected in sequence; the second-stage amplifying circuit is connected with the ADC unit;
the first-stage band-pass filter circuit is formed by connecting a capacitor C4 and a primary coil of a transformer T2 and is connected to two ends of the diode component D2 in parallel;
the second-stage band-pass filter circuit is formed by connecting a secondary coil of a transformer T3 with a capacitor C5 and is connected between the first-stage amplification circuit and the second-stage amplification circuit.
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