CN113249566A - Sintering system and method for limonite type laterite-nickel ore - Google Patents
Sintering system and method for limonite type laterite-nickel ore Download PDFInfo
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- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron ore sintering and energy conservation and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a system and a method for sintering limonite type laterite-nickel ore. The method comprises the steps of proportioning limonite type laterite-nickel ore, quick lime, dedusting ash and the like according to a certain proportion, strongly mixing, adding water, uniformly mixing and granulating. Firstly, a layer of sinter is paved on the trolley as a bedding material, and then the sinter mixture is evenly distributed on the trolley. Meanwhile, a layer of sinter leftover materials is paved between the sinter mixture and a trolley side plate, and the sinter mixture is dried, preheated, sintered, cooled, crushed and screened sequentially under the action of hot air at different temperatures through the circulating operation of the trolley. The method has the advantages of high sintering speed and low fuel consumption, and can effectively solve the traditional sintering problems of high return ore height, low rotary drum, high fuel consumption and the like of the limonite type laterite-nickel ore containing high crystal water in the traditional sintering. The gas fuel is adopted for heat supply, so that the whole process is clear and controllable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron ore sintering and energy conservation and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a system and a method for sintering limonite type laterite-nickel ore.
Background
The laterite nickel ore has extremely fine granularity, artificial agglomeration is required, blast furnace smelting can be carried out after certain granularity is achieved, in addition to changing the granularity composition and mechanical strength of mineral aggregate, the agglomerated ore obtained by agglomeration has smelting performance superior to that of natural agglomerated ore and enough alkalinity, slagging is carried out in advance, and in the subsequent blast furnace smelting process, less or even no flux can be added, so that impurities can be removed, the quality of the mineral aggregate is improved, and the phase structure and metallurgical performance are changed.
For limonite type laterite-nickel ore of oxidized ore, the industry is generally characterized in that the content of surface water is high, and the total amount of crystal water and hydroxyl water is more than 30 percent besides the surface water. And the limonite type laterite nickel ore is used as a hydrophilic substance, in the process of uniformly mixing, in order to ensure effective granulation moisture, more water is often required to be added, which is not in accordance with actual production requirements, and excessive moisture causes that the laterite nickel ore needs to be dried before raw material blending in actual production, thermogravimetric analysis in reference documents, the limonite type laterite nickel ore needs to be dried for two hours at 850-.
Compared with plain carbon steel sintering, the method is different from the conventional method that laterite-nickel ore, especially limonite type laterite-nickel ore, is not suitable for the ore pellet with the acidity, and in the stainless steel industry, more than 80% of sintered ore is matched with about 10% of lump ore, fuel and the like to enter a blast furnace in a common blast furnace ore blending structure.
Therefore, the standard matching of high alkalinity and high temperature of plain carbon steel sintering and improvement of the liquid phase content of calcium ferrite is not common in the sintering of laterite-nickel ore in stainless steel industry, the common sintering alkalinity of laterite-nickel ore is 1.5, high fuel consumption and relatively low combustion temperature are caused by high moisture and high fuel, the common sintering alkalinity is not enough to support the existence of the liquid phase which is changed into calcium ferrite in a large amount and is in the form of fayalite, and the alkalinity in actual production cannot reach the expected value easily.
In conclusion, compared with the sintering of plain carbon steel, the sintering of the laterite nickel ore has a plurality of technical problems to be solved, and the technical indexes of the sintering of the plain carbon steel cannot be simply and flexibly set in the sintering of the laterite nickel ore.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a limonite type laterite-nickel ore sintering system and a limonite type laterite-nickel ore sintering method.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a sintering system of limonite type laterite-nickel ore includes:
the raw materials are sequentially subjected to batching, mixing, granulating, screening and distributing by a batching device, a powerful mixing device, a granulating device, a screening device and a distributing device;
a belt sintering device for sintering the cloth;
and the crushing device, the vibrating screen and the temporary storage finished product bin are used for sequentially crushing and screening the sintering materials and collecting finished products.
The limonite type laterite-nickel ore sintering system based on the technical scheme can be used for sintering limonite type laterite-nickel ore.
Specifically, the strand sintering apparatus includes:
the forced air drying section, the convulsions drying section, preheating section, sintering section, soaking section, first cooling section and the second cooling section that communicate the setting in proper order, first cooling section has the first air inlet that is located its lower part and is located its upper portion first hot-blast mouth, the second cooling section has the second that is located its lower part second air inlet and is located its upper portion and goes out hot-blast mouth, the soaking section has the third hot-blast mouth that is located its lower part, the sintering section has the fourth that is located its upper portion and advances hot-blast mouth and the fourth that is located its lower part, the preheating section has the fifth that is located its upper portion and advances hot-blast mouth and is located its lower part, the convulsions drying section has the sixth that is located its upper portion and advances hot-blast mouth and is located its lower part sixth hot-blast mouth, the forced air drying section has the seventh that is located its lower part and advances hot-blast mouth down, A seventh hot air outlet positioned at the upper part of the second hot air outlet, wherein the first hot air outlet is communicated with the fourth hot air inlet, the second hot air outlet is communicated with the seventh lower hot air inlet through a drying blower, the third hot air outlet and the fourth hot air outlet are respectively communicated with a heat return fan, and the heat return fan is respectively communicated with the fifth hot air inlet and the sixth hot air inlet;
and a burner device for heating the preheating section and the sintering section.
Based on above-mentioned technical scheme, can be abundant utilize sintering section, soaking section, the waste heat of first cooling zone and second cooling zone.
Furthermore, a conveying mechanism is arranged below the screening device and used for conveying the screened materials to the powerful mixing device.
Based on the technical scheme, the fine particle materials screened by the screening device can be returned to be mixed again by strong force.
Furthermore, the distributing device is a multi-roller distributing machine, and a conveying mechanism is arranged below the distributing device and used for conveying materials with insufficient particle size to the powerful mixing device.
Based on the technical scheme, the fine particle materials screened by the sieve plate can be returned to be mixed again by strong force.
Further, the system still includes electrostatic precipitator, air exhauster and the exhaust pipe who communicates the setting in proper order, sixth hot wind gap and/or fifth hot wind gap intercommunication electrostatic precipitator, and/or be provided with the dust exhaust mouth before the dry section of blast air, the dust exhaust mouth intercommunication electrostatic precipitator.
Based on above-mentioned technical scheme, can remove dust to the exhaust and discharge.
Further, the system further comprises a bottom material paving device for paving bottom materials on the belt type sintering device, and the vibrating screen is provided with a conveying mechanism for conveying undersize materials to the bottom material paving device.
Based on the technical scheme, the materials screened by the vibrating screen can be returned for paving.
The invention also provides a sintering method of the limonite type laterite-nickel ore, which is to sinter the limonite type laterite-nickel ore by adopting the sintering system, and concretely, gas fuel is used as fuel of a burner device to heat the preheating section and the sintering section.
Based on above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt the gas fuel heat supply for whole flow is clear controllable, avoids the condition that the sintering deposit appears owing to burn simultaneously with the overfelting, has also avoided because of limonite type laterite-nickel ore self is hydrophilic, and contains the mineral of a large amount of crystal water and can appear when carrying out traditional sintering collapse, phenomenon such as crackle.
Specifically, iron ore type laterite-nickel ore, quick lime, limestone and dolomite are proportioned through a batching device, and the obtained batching satisfies that the alkalinity is 0.8-1.7.
Specifically, the materials with the particle size below 5mm are conveyed back to the powerful mixing device through a conveying mechanism arranged below the screening device.
Specifically, materials with the particle size below 5mm are conveyed back to the powerful mixing device through a conveying mechanism arranged below the multi-roller distributing machine.
Specifically, a layer of sintering ore with the thickness of 30-80 mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved on a trolley of a belt sintering device to serve as a bedding material, then a multi-roller distributing machine is used for uniformly distributing a sintering mixture on the trolley, the height of the distribution is 200-500 mm, the granularity of the distribution is more than 5mm, a layer of sintering ore leftover with the thickness of 20-60 mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved between the sintering mixture and a trolley side plate, and then sintering is carried out. The primer can be laid manually.
Based on above-mentioned technical scheme, the bed of material is thinner, and the gas permeability is good, and sintering efficiency is high.
Specifically, in the forced air drying section, the temperature of hot air entering from the seventh lower hot air inlet is 100-300 ℃, and air flow passes through the material layer from bottom to top; the retention time of the material layer is 10-30 min.
Based on the technical scheme, the excessive moisture in the limonite type laterite-nickel ore is eliminated as much as possible, the problems of high ore return rate, low sintering strength, high fuel consumption and the like of the limonite type laterite-nickel ore with high crystal water during traditional sintering are avoided, and the yield of sintered ore is maintained.
Specifically, in the air draft drying section, the temperature of hot air entering from the sixth hot air inlet is 300-600 ℃, and air flow passes through the material layer from top to bottom; the retention time of the material layer is 10-30 min.
Based on the technical scheme, the excessive moisture in the limonite type laterite-nickel ore is eliminated as much as possible, the problems of high ore return rate, low sintering strength, high fuel consumption and the like of the limonite type laterite-nickel ore with high crystal water during traditional sintering are avoided, and the yield of sintered ore is maintained.
Specifically, in the preheating section, the hot air entering from the fifth hot air inlet and the burner device heat the interior of the preheating section to the preheating temperature of 900-1150 ℃; the preheating time of the material layer is 10-30 min.
Specifically, in the sintering section, hot air entering from the fourth hot air inlet and the burner nozzle device heat the interior of the sintering section to 1250-1350 ℃; the sintering time of the material layer is 12-30 min.
Specifically, the temperature in the soaking section is 750-850 ℃; the soaking time of the material layer is 3-5 min.
Specifically, in the first cooling section, the cooling medium is natural air, and the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top; the cooling time of the material layer is 12-20 min.
Specifically, in the second cooling section, the cooling medium is natural air, and the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top; the cooling time of the material layer is 4-15 min.
The invention mixes the iron ore powder, the quicklime, the limestone and the dolomite according to a certain proportion, adds water, mixes uniformly and granulates, does not mix solid fuel in the process of mixing; the sintering mixture is not added with fuel in any form, and the sintering process is integrated on a belt sintering machine and is carried out by adopting high-temperature hot air generated by the combustion of the gas fuel sprayed by burners at two sides of a trolley to sinter the mixture. Through the dry section of drum and the dry section of taking out that sets up the belt sintering machine, and the bed of material is thinner, and the gas permeability is good, and sintering efficiency is high, eliminates unnecessary moisture in limonite type laterite-nickel ore as far as, has also avoided the high return ore rate that limonite type laterite-nickel ore of high crystal water can appear when carrying out traditional sintering high, and sintering strength is not high, and the high scheduling problem of burnup maintains the sinter output. Meanwhile, hot air in the belt type sintering machine is recycled, energy is saved, the environment is protected, the concentration of pollutants is low, and a completely carbon-free sintering process can be carried out according to different gas fuels.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a sintering system of iron ore type lateritic nickel ore provided by the present invention.
In fig. 1, the structure represented by each reference numeral is listed as follows:
1. proportioning device, 2, powerful mixing arrangement, 3, pelletization device, 4, screening plant, 5, distributing device, 6, breaker, 7, shale shaker, 8, the finished product feed bin of keeping in, 9, the dry section of blast air, 10, the dry section of convulsions, 11, preheating section, 12, the sintering section, 13, soaking section, 14, first cooling zone, 15, second cooling zone, 16, electrostatic precipitator, 17, air exhauster, 18, exhaust pipe way, 19, the bed charge device.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element or component is referred to as being "connected," "positioned" or "coupled" to another element or component, it can be directly on the other element or component or intervening elements or components may also be present. The terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower" and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a sintering system for limonite type lateritic nickel ores includes: the raw materials are sequentially subjected to batching, mixing, granulating, screening and distributing by a batching device 1, a strong mixing device 2, a granulating device 3, a screening device 4 and a distributing device 5; a belt sintering device for sintering the cloth; and a crushing device 6, a vibrating screen 7 and a temporary finished product storage bin 8 for crushing, screening and collecting the sintered materials in sequence. The sintering system of the limonite type laterite-nickel ore can sinter the limonite type laterite-nickel ore based on the technical scheme.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the strand sintering apparatus includes: the forced air drying section 9, the convulsions drying section 10, preheating section 11, the sintering section 12, soaking section 13, first cooling section 14 and second cooling section 15 that communicate the setting in proper order, first cooling section 14 has the first air inlet that is located its lower part and the first hot wind gap that goes out that is located its upper portion, second cooling section 15 has the second that is located its lower part and advances the air mouth and is located its upper portion and goes out the hot wind gap, soaking section 13 has the third that is located its lower part and goes out the hot wind gap, sintering section 12 has the fourth that is located its upper portion and advances the hot wind gap and is located its lower part and goes out the hot wind gap, preheating section 11 has the fifth that is located its upper portion and goes out the hot wind gap that is located its lower part, convulsions drying section 10 has the sixth that is located its upper portion and advances the hot wind gap and is located its lower part and sixth that goes out the hot wind gap, forced air drying section 9 has the seventh that is located its lower part and advances the hot wind gap down, A seventh hot air outlet positioned at the upper part of the hot air inlet, wherein the first hot air outlet is communicated with the fourth hot air inlet, the second hot air outlet is communicated with the seventh lower hot air inlet through a drying blower, the third hot air outlet and the fourth hot air outlet are respectively communicated with a back heating blower, and the back heating blower is respectively communicated with the fifth hot air inlet and the sixth hot air inlet; and a burner device for heating the preheating section 11 and the sintering section 12. Based on the technical scheme, the waste heat of the sintering section, the soaking section, the first cooling section and the second cooling section can be fully utilized.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 1, a conveying mechanism is provided below the screening device 4 for conveying the screened material to the intensive mixing unit 2. Based on the technical scheme, the fine particle materials screened by the screening device can be returned to be mixed again by strong force.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the distributing device 5 is a multi-roller distributing machine, and a conveying mechanism is arranged below the distributing device for conveying materials with insufficient particle size to the intensive mixing device 2. Based on the technical scheme, the fine particle materials screened by the sieve plate can be returned to be mixed again by strong force.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the system further includes an electric dust remover 16, an exhaust fan 17 and a smoke exhaust pipeline 18 which are sequentially communicated with each other, the sixth hot air outlet is communicated with the electric dust remover 16, or a dust exhaust port is arranged in front of the blast drying section 9 and communicated with the electric dust remover 16. Based on the technical scheme, the dust removal and discharge can be carried out on the exhaust gas.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the system further includes a bedding device 19 for bedding the strand sintering device, and the vibrating screen 7 is provided with a conveying mechanism for conveying undersize to the bedding device 19. Based on the technical scheme, the materials screened by the vibrating screen can be returned for paving.
Example 1
Mixing limonite type laterite-nickel ore, quick lime, limestone and dolomite to alkalinity of 1.5, strongly mixing, adding water, mixing uniformly, and granulating. Firstly, a layer of sintering ore with the thickness of 35mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved on a trolley as a bedding material, and then the sintering mixture is uniformly distributed on the trolley, wherein the distribution height is 300mm, and the granularity is 5-10 mm. Meanwhile, a layer of sinter rim charge with the thickness of 25mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved between the sinter mixture and the trolley side plate, and the sintering is carried out through the circulation operation of the trolley. The sintering mixture is dried, preheated, sintered, cooled and then crushed and sieved in sequence under the action of hot air at different temperatures.
The blast drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas of the cooling second section and the sintering second section, the temperature is 120 ℃, and the air flow penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top.
The air draft drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas and the combustion system at the cooling section and the sintering half section, the air flow at the temperature of 350 ℃ penetrates through the material layer from top to bottom, and the total time of the air draft drying and the air draft drying is 20 min.
The preheating process is air draft preheating, preheating hot air comes from the burner system, the middle-high temperature flue gas of the latter sintering section and the high-temperature flue gas of the first cooling section, the preheating temperature is 900 ℃, and the preheating time is 15 min.
The sintering process is air draft sintering, sintering hot air comes from the combustion system and the high-temperature flue gas of the cooling section, the sintering temperature is 1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 12 min.
In the soaking section, the temperature is 750 ℃; the soaking time of the material layer is 3 min.
The primary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, the cooling time is 12min, the secondary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, and the cooling time is 5 min.
The finished sintered ore is obtained, the yield is 85 percent, the drum is 70 percent, and compared with the traditional belt type draft sintering, the energy consumption of the sintering process is reduced by 55 percent, the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced by 75 percent, the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 50 percent, and the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced by 66 percent.
Example 2
Mixing limonite type laterite-nickel ore, quick lime, limestone and dolomite to alkalinity of 1.4, strongly mixing, adding water, mixing uniformly, and granulating. Firstly, a layer of 33 mm-thick sintered ore with the granularity of 10-25mm is paved on a trolley as a bedding material, and then the sintered mixture is uniformly distributed on the trolley, wherein the distribution height is 400mm, and the granularity is 5-10 mm. Meanwhile, a layer of sinter rim charge with the thickness of 30mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved between the sinter mixture and the trolley side plate, and the sintering is carried out through the circulation operation of the trolley. The sintering mixture is dried, preheated, sintered, cooled and then crushed and sieved in sequence under the action of hot air at different temperatures.
The blast drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas of the cooling second section and the sintering second section, the temperature is 150 ℃, and the air flow penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top.
The air draft drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas and the combustion system at the cooling section and the sintering half section, the air flow at the temperature of 400 ℃ penetrates through the material layer from top to bottom, and the total time of the air draft drying and the air draft drying is 25 min.
The preheating process is air draft preheating, preheating hot air comes from the burner system, the middle-high temperature flue gas of the latter sintering section and the high-temperature flue gas of the first cooling section, the preheating temperature is 1000 ℃, and the preheating time is 10 min.
The sintering process is air draft sintering, sintering hot air comes from the combustion system and the high-temperature flue gas of the cooling section, the sintering temperature is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 15 min.
In the soaking section, the temperature is 800 ℃; the soaking time of the material layer is 4 min.
The primary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, the cooling time is 15min, the secondary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, and the cooling time is 10 min.
The finished sintered ore is obtained, the yield is 82%, the drum is 70%, and compared with the traditional belt type draft sintering, the energy consumption of the sintering process is reduced by 58%, the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced by 78%, the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 70%, and the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced by 75%.
Example 3
Mixing limonite type laterite-nickel ore, quick lime, limestone and dolomite to alkalinity of 1.6, strongly mixing, adding water, mixing uniformly, and granulating. Firstly, a layer of sinter with the thickness of 40mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved on a trolley as a bedding material, and then the sinter mixture is uniformly distributed on the trolley, wherein the distribution height is 500mm, and the granularity is 5-10 mm. Meanwhile, a layer of sinter rim charge with the thickness of 40mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved between the sinter mixture and the trolley side plate, and the sintering is carried out through the circulation operation of the trolley. The sintering mixture is dried, preheated, sintered, cooled and then crushed and sieved in sequence under the action of hot air at different temperatures.
The blast drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas of the cooling second section and the sintering second section, the temperature is 150 ℃, and the air flow penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top.
The induced draft drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas of the cooling section and the sintering half section and the combustion system, and the air flow at the temperature of 500 ℃ penetrates through the material layer from top to bottom.
The preheating process is air draft preheating, preheating hot air comes from the burner system, the middle-high temperature flue gas of the latter sintering section and the high-temperature flue gas of the first cooling section, the preheating temperature is 950 ℃, and the preheating time is 20 min.
The sintering process is air draft sintering, sintering hot air comes from the combustion system and the high-temperature flue gas of the cooling section, the sintering temperature is 1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 15 min.
In the soaking section, the temperature is 850 ℃; the soaking time of the material layer is 5 min.
The primary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, the cooling time is 18min, the secondary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, and the cooling time is 18 min.
The finished sintered ore is obtained, the yield is 83 percent, the drum is 68 percent, and compared with the traditional belt type draft sintering, the energy consumption of the sintering process is reduced by 60 percent, the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced by 78 percent, the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 77 percent, and the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced by 79 percent.
Comparative example 1
Mixing limonite type laterite-nickel ore, quick lime, limestone and dolomite to alkalinity of 0.7, strongly mixing, adding water, mixing uniformly, and granulating. Firstly, a layer of sintering ore with the thickness of 35mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved on a trolley as a bedding material, and then the sintering mixture is uniformly distributed on the trolley, wherein the distribution height is 300mm, and the granularity is 5-10 mm. Meanwhile, a layer of sinter rim charge with the thickness of 25mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved between the sinter mixture and the trolley side plate, and the sintering is carried out through the circulation operation of the trolley. The sintering mixture is dried, preheated, sintered, cooled and then crushed and sieved in sequence under the action of hot air at different temperatures.
The blast drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas of the cooling second section and the sintering second section, the temperature is 120 ℃, and the air flow penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top.
The air draft drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas and the combustion system at the cooling section and the sintering half section, the air flow at the temperature of 350 ℃ penetrates through the material layer from top to bottom, and the total time of the air draft drying and the air draft drying is 20 min.
The preheating process is air draft preheating, preheating hot air comes from the burner system, the middle-high temperature flue gas of the latter sintering section and the high-temperature flue gas of the first cooling section, the preheating temperature is 900 ℃, and the preheating time is 15 min.
The sintering process is air draft sintering, sintering hot air comes from the combustion system and the high-temperature flue gas of the cooling section, the sintering temperature is 1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 12 min.
In the soaking section, the temperature is 750 ℃; the soaking time of the material layer is 3 min.
The primary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, the cooling time is 12min, the secondary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, and the cooling time is 5 min.
The finished sintered ore is obtained, the yield is 45%, the drum is 60%, and compared with the traditional belt type draft sintering, the energy consumption of the sintering process is reduced by 40%, the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced by 55%, the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 40%, and the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced by 46%.
Comparative example 2
Mixing limonite type laterite-nickel ore, quick lime, limestone and dolomite to alkalinity of 1.5, adding water, mixing well, and granulating. Firstly, a layer of sintering ore with the thickness of 35mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved on a trolley as a paving material, and then the sintering mixture is uniformly distributed on the trolley, wherein the distribution height is 300mm, and the granularity is 5-10 mm. Meanwhile, a layer of sinter rim charge with the thickness of 25mm and the granularity of 10-25mm is paved between the sinter mixture and the trolley side plate, and the sintering is carried out through the circulation operation of the trolley. The sintering mixture is sequentially dried, preheated, sintered, cooled and then crushed and screened under the action of hot air at different temperatures.
The blast drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas of the cooling second section and the sintering second section, the temperature is 120 ℃, and the air flow penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top.
The air draft drying hot air comes from the middle-temperature flue gas and the combustion system at the cooling section and the sintering half section, the air flow at the temperature of 350 ℃ penetrates through the material layer from top to bottom, and the total time of the air draft drying and the air draft drying is 20 min.
The preheating process is air draft preheating, preheating hot air comes from the burner system, the middle-high temperature flue gas of the latter sintering section and the high-temperature flue gas of the first cooling section, the preheating temperature is 900 ℃, and the preheating time is 15 min.
The sintering process is air draft sintering, sintering hot air comes from the combustion system and the high-temperature flue gas of the cooling section, the sintering temperature is 1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 12 min.
In the soaking section, the temperature is 750 ℃; the soaking time of the material layer is 3 min.
The primary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, the cooling time is 12min, the secondary cooling medium is natural air, the airflow direction penetrates through the material layer from bottom to top, and the cooling time is 5 min.
The finished sintered ore is obtained, the yield is 65%, the drum is 62%, and compared with the traditional belt type draft sintering, the energy consumption in the sintering process is reduced by 45%, the carbon dioxide emission is reduced by 55%, the nitrogen oxide emission is reduced by 45%, and the sulfur dioxide emission is reduced by 40%.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of this invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; the present invention can be smoothly implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art as shown in the drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual technologies of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sintering system of limonite type laterite-nickel ore is characterized by comprising:
the material distribution device comprises a material distribution device (1), a strong mixing device (2), a granulation device (3), a screening device (4) and a material distribution device (5) which are used for sequentially carrying out material distribution, uniform mixing, granulation, screening and material distribution on raw materials;
a belt sintering device for sintering the cloth;
and the crushing device (6), the vibrating screen (7) and the temporary storage finished product bin (8) are used for sequentially crushing, screening and collecting the sintered materials.
2. The sintering system of limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 1, characterised in that the belt sintering device comprises:
the air-blast drying section (9), the air-draft drying section (10), the preheating section (11), the sintering section (12), the soaking section (13), the first cooling section (14) and the second cooling section (15) which are sequentially communicated are arranged, the first cooling section (14) is provided with a first air inlet positioned at the lower part of the first cooling section and a first hot air outlet positioned at the upper part of the first cooling section, the second cooling section (15) is provided with a second air inlet positioned at the lower part of the second cooling section and a second hot air outlet positioned at the upper part of the second cooling section, the soaking section (13) is provided with a third hot air outlet positioned at the lower part of the soaking section, the sintering section (12) is provided with a fourth hot air inlet positioned at the upper part of the sintering section and a fourth hot air outlet positioned at the lower part of the sintering section, the preheating section (11) is provided with a fifth hot air inlet positioned at the upper part of the preheating section and a fifth hot air outlet positioned at the lower part of the preheating section, the air-draft drying section (10) is provided with a sixth hot air inlet positioned at the upper part of the sintering section and a sixth hot air outlet positioned at the lower part of the preheating section, the forced air drying section (9) is provided with a seventh lower hot air inlet positioned at the lower part of the forced air drying section and a seventh hot air outlet positioned at the upper part of the forced air drying section, wherein the first hot air outlet is communicated with the fourth hot air inlet, the second hot air outlet is communicated with the seventh lower hot air inlet through a forced air drier, the third hot air outlet and the fourth hot air outlet are respectively communicated with a heat return fan, and the heat return fan is respectively communicated with the fifth hot air inlet and the sixth hot air inlet;
and a burner device for heating the preheating section (11) and the sintering section (12).
3. The sintering system for limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 2, characterised in that:
a conveying mechanism is arranged below the screening device (4) and used for conveying screened materials to the powerful mixing device (2);
the distributing device (5) is a multi-roller distributing machine, and a conveying mechanism is arranged below the multi-roller distributing machine and used for conveying materials with insufficiently large particle sizes to the powerful mixing device (2).
4. The sintering system for limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 3, characterised in that: the system further comprises an electric dust collector (16), an exhaust fan (17) and a smoke exhaust pipeline (18) which are sequentially communicated with one another, the sixth hot air outlet and/or the fifth hot air outlet are communicated with the electric dust collector (16) and/or a dust exhaust port is arranged in front of the blast drying section (9), and the dust exhaust port is communicated with the electric dust collector (16).
5. The sintering system for limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 3, characterised in that: the system further comprises a bottom material paving device (19) for paving the bottom material on the belt type sintering device, and the vibrating screen (7) is provided with a conveying mechanism for conveying the undersize materials to the bottom material paving device (19).
6. A sintering method of limonite type lateritic nickel ore, which adopts the sintering system of limonite type lateritic nickel ore of any one of claims 3 to 5 to sinter, characterized by comprising the following steps: and gas fuel is used as fuel of the burner nozzle device to heat the preheating section (11) and the sintering section (12).
7. The sintering method of limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 6, characterised in that: the limonite type laterite-nickel ore, the quick lime, the limestone and the dolomite are proportioned through the batching device (1), and the obtained batching meets the requirement that the alkalinity is 0.8-1.7.
8. The sintering method of limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 6, characterised in that:
the screened materials with the particle size below 5mm are conveyed back to the intensive mixing device (2) through a conveying mechanism arranged below the screening device (4);
and materials with the grain diameter below 5mm are conveyed back to the powerful mixing device (2) through a conveying mechanism arranged below a sieve plate of the multi-roller distributing machine.
9. The sintering method of limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 6, characterised in that: the method comprises the steps of firstly paving a layer of sintering ore with the thickness of 30-80 mm and the granularity of 10-25mm on a trolley of a belt sintering device to serve as a bedding material, then uniformly distributing a sintering mixture on the trolley through a multi-roller distributing machine, wherein the distributing height is 200-500 mm and the granularity of 5-105-25 mm, paving a layer of sintering ore leftover with the thickness of 20-60 mm and the granularity of 10-25mm between the sintering mixture and a trolley side plate, and then sintering.
10. The sintering method of limonite type lateritic nickel ores according to claim 6, characterised in that:
in the blast drying section (9), the temperature of hot air entering from the seventh lower hot air inlet is 100-300 ℃, and air flow passes through the material layer from bottom to top; the retention time of the material layer is 10-30 min;
in the air draft drying section (10), the temperature of hot air entering from the sixth hot air inlet is 300-600 ℃, and air flow passes through the material layer from top to bottom; the retention time of the material layer is 10-30 min;
the hot air entering from the fifth hot air inlet and the burner device heat the interior of the preheating section (11) to the preheating temperature of 900-1150 ℃; preheating the material layer for 10-30 min;
the hot air entering from the fourth hot air inlet and the burner device heat the interior of the sintering section (12) to 1250-1350 ℃; sintering time of the material layer is 12-30 min;
in the soaking section (13), the temperature is 750-850 ℃; soaking the material layer for 3-5 min;
in the first cooling section (14), the cooling medium is natural air and enters from a first air inlet, and the airflow direction passes through the material layer from bottom to top; the cooling time of the material layer is 12-20 min;
in the second cooling section (15), the cooling medium is natural air, and passes through the material layer from bottom to top through a second air inlet in the airflow direction; the cooling time of the material layer is 4-15 min.
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