CN113249099A - Water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- JCTXKRPTIMZBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)CO JCTXKRPTIMZBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GZOWLNNGTRYBDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5-tetrafluoro-6-(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-heptadecafluoronon-1-enoxy)benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound FC=1C(=C(C(=C(C=1F)F)F)S(=O)(=O)O)OC(=C(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)F)F GZOWLNNGTRYBDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LTVDFSLWFKLJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-tocopherolquinone Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)(O)CCC1=C(C)C(=O)C(C)=C(C)C1=O LTVDFSLWFKLJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyoxy ethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- ONJQDTZCDSESIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N polidocanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO ONJQDTZCDSESIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXNUARDAZGGGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(C(C(F)=C(C(F)=C1F)F)=C1OC(C(F)=C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)F)=O)(=O)=O Chemical compound OS(C(C(F)=C(C(F)=C1F)F)=C1OC(C(F)=C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)F)=O)(=O)=O GXNUARDAZGGGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FTLTXKCUIBTKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound OB(O)O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O FTLTXKCUIBTKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IWRMHJYRXMAJNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl hydrogen phosphate 1,3-dimethyl-2H-imidazole Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)O.CN1CN(C=C1)C IWRMHJYRXMAJNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VITQXNLPXZIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phosphate;3-ethyl-1-methyl-1,2-dihydroimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound COP([O-])(=O)OC.CCN1C[NH+](C)C=C1 VITQXNLPXZIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/34—Lubricant additives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling lubricants, in particular to a water-based environment-friendly lubricant for drilling and a preparation method thereof. By mixing and compounding the vegetable oil and the graphite and combining the special surfactant, the surface tension of the system is obviously reduced, the compatibility of the graphite and other raw materials is improved, the graphite is uniformly dispersed and stably exists, and the lubricating effect of the lubricant is further improved; the vegetable oil is modified by a special method, so that the high-temperature resistance of the lubricant is obviously improved, and the reduction rate of the lubricating coefficient can be maintained after the lubricant is hot rolled for 18 hours at 140 ℃. The lubricant is easy to biodegrade, has reasonable product cost, meets the technical index requirements of the lubricant for drilling, and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling lubricants, in particular to a water-based environment-friendly lubricant for drilling and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The lubricant is one of core treating agents of the drilling fluid, can obviously reduce the resistance and the torque of drilling tools such as a drill column and the like during operation, can effectively improve the drilling speed and greatly improve the operation efficiency. The lubricant for drilling has the advantages of environmental protection, no toxicity, low corrosion, high lubricity and the like, and the pure oil-based lubricant in the prior art has higher biological toxicity to human health and environment and poorer degradation performance; the pure water-based lubricant has good environmental protection, but generally does not meet the requirement on the lubricating effect of a drilling tool.
CN107653050A discloses a low-cost high-performance water-based lubricant, which consists of water and an additive, and is characterized in that the additive comprises two surfactants, wherein one surfactant is a surfactant which is easy to dissolve in water, and the other surfactant is a surfactant which is difficult to dissolve in water. The effective component of the lubricant is only a surfactant, the lubricating effect is limited, and the use requirement is difficult to achieve although the cost is low.
CN106635360A discloses a preparation method of a high-temperature environment-friendly water-based ionic liquid lubricant, wherein the lubricant comprises 0.5-1% of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole dimethyl phosphate by mass percent; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole dimethyl phosphate; 1-2% of an anticorrosive agent; 0.01-2% of a bactericide; and adding 90-95% by mass of water to prepare a water-based solution. The lubricant has the problems of more types of used additives, high cost, high energy consumption, complex process and the like, and is not beneficial to industrialization.
CN101805659A discloses a water-based lubricant for preventing eccentric wear of an oil well, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.5-5.0% of polyoxy ethylene allyl triol borate stearate; 3-5.5% of fatty acid imidazoline borate; 4.5-7.0% of an amphoteric surfactant SS-Z; fluorocarbon surfactant FN-20.005-0.01%; 0.1-0.25% of vitamin C; 11.5-14.5% of polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether sulfonic acid sodium salt; the balance of water. The lubricant has small content of effective components and excessive water content, and is difficult to achieve good lubricating performance.
Therefore, the development of the water-based environment-friendly lubricant with excellent lubricating property and good degradation property has important significance for solving the problems of drilling tool abrasion, low drilling efficiency, environmental pollution and the like in the drilling operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling, which is prepared by modifying vegetable oil by using a special method, compounding the modified vegetable oil with inorganic lubricant graphite, adopting a special surfactant combination to obviously reduce the surface tension of a system, adding a cationic polymer to improve the adhesion between a lubricating component and a drilling tool, and realizing the synergistic effect of the components, so that the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling has excellent lubricating property and good biodegradability and has lower fluorescence degree, and meets various well drilling operation requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-10wt% of cationic polymer, 35-55wt% of modified vegetable oil, 5-20wt% of surfactant, 0.5-1.5wt% of graphite, 4-8wt% of emulsifier and 15-35 wt% of deionized water.
Further, the lubricant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 6-8wt% of cationic polymer, 40-45wt% of modified vegetable oil, 12-18wt% of surfactant, 0.5-1.5wt% of graphite, 4-8wt% of emulsifier and 20-30% of deionized water.
Further, the lubricant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8wt% of cationic polymer, 45wt% of modified vegetable oil, 15wt% of surfactant, 1.5wt% of graphite, 5.5wt% of emulsifier and 25wt% of deionized water.
Further, the surfactant comprises a fluorosurfactant, and the fluorosurfactant content is less than 5% by total surfactant mass.
Further, the surfactant is a combination of a fluorine-containing surfactant and 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol, and the content of the fluorine-containing surfactant is 2-4wt%, and the content of the 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol is 96-98wt%, based on the total weight of the surfactant. Preferably, the fluorine-containing surfactant is one or a mixture of SIFEST @ SF-333 (from New Siliconfluoride materials, Inc., Calif. Guangzhou), and sodium perfluorononenoyloxybenzene sulfonate (Fluorosurfactant OBS, from the institute of organic fluorine materials, Shanghai).
Further, the modified vegetable oil is one or more of epoxidized cottonseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized castor oil.
The preparation method of the modified vegetable oil comprises the following steps: weighing 100 parts of vegetable oil, 10 parts of acetic acid and 30 parts of acetone, stirring and mixing uniformly for later use, weighing 2 parts of sulfuric acid with the concentration of 95% and 50 parts of hydrogen peroxide, slowly adding the mixture into the vegetable oil, stirring uniformly, reacting for 8-12h at the temperature of 55 ℃, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, and collecting fractions to obtain the modified vegetable oil.
Further, the cationic polymer is one or more of cationic polyacrylamide, epichlorohydrin-ethylene polyamine polycondensate and 3-chlorine-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
Further, the emulsifier is one or more of span 80 and tween 80.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: weighing cationic polymer, modified vegetable oil, surfactant, graphite, emulsifier and deionized water according to a proportion;
s2: adding an emulsifier into 1/2 deionized water in a reaction kettle during stirring, and stirring for 30-60min at constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ to obtain a mixture A;
s3: adding the rest deionized water, the modified vegetable oil and the surfactant into the reaction kettle, stirring for 10-20min to be uniform, adding graphite, and stirring for 30-60min at constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ to obtain a mixture B;
s4: and stirring and mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the cationic polymer in a reaction kettle until the mixture is uniform and no layering exists, and standing for 1-2 hours to obtain the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling.
Further, the stirring speed in the step S2 is 800-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by mixing and compounding the vegetable oil and the graphite, the advantages of the vegetable oil and the graphite in the aspects of lubrication, safety, stability and the like are integrated, so that the lubricant has excellent lubricating performance. By adopting the special surfactant combination, the surface tension of the system is obviously reduced, the compatibility of the solid lubricant raw material and other raw materials is improved, the solid lubricant raw material can be uniformly dispersed and stably exist, the lubricating effect of the lubricant is further improved, and the reduction rate of the lubricating coefficient at normal temperature can reach 97.0%. The invention also uses a special method to modify the vegetable oil, thereby obviously improving the high temperature resistance of the lubricant and still maintaining the high reduction rate of the lubricating coefficient after hot rolling for 18h at 140 ℃.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The following specific embodiments further describe the present invention.
In the following examples of the present invention, the sample preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing cationic polymer, modified vegetable oil, surfactant, graphite, emulsifier and deionized water according to a proportion;
s2: adding an emulsifier into 1/2 deionized water in a reaction kettle during stirring, and stirring at the constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ at 1000r/min for 30-60min to obtain a mixture A;
s3: adding the rest deionized water, the modified vegetable oil and the surfactant into the reaction kettle, stirring for 10-20min to be uniform, adding graphite, and stirring for 30-60min at constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ to obtain a mixture B;
s4: and stirring and mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the cationic polymer in a reaction kettle until the mixture is uniform and no layering exists, and standing for 1-2 hours to obtain the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling.
Example 1
Samples to be tested are prepared according to the weight percentage in the table 1, and the reduction rate of the lubrication coefficient of each sample is determined according to the test method in Q/SY TZ 0022-2015. In table 1, the data for each component is in weight percent.
TABLE 1 influence of graphite content on lubricating properties
The solid lubricant has the advantages of no fluorescence, no toxicity, pressure resistance, temperature resistance and the like, and can effectively reduce the fluorescence grade and improve the stability of the lubricant when added into the lubricant. From the test results in table 1, it can be seen that the lubricity of the lubricant composition can be improved by adding a small amount of graphite, and the lubricity improves with the increase of the amount of graphite in a certain range of the amount of graphite, but when the amount of graphite reaches 2wt%, the lubricity begins to decrease, which may be due to the difficulty in dispersing the graphite and the difficulty in exerting good lubricity due to the relatively large amount of graphite.
Example 2
Whether the graphite is well dispersed in the system is very important for the ideal lubricating effect of the lubricant. According to the material dispersion rule, the surfactant is adopted to reduce the surface tension of the system and improve the compatibility of graphite and a lubricant system, so that the dispersion performance of graphite is improved. However, the surfactants are of a wide variety and relatively expensive, and it is necessary to select an appropriate surfactant, which can not only significantly reduce the surface tension, but also significantly increase the cost of the lubricant.
The surfactant solutions of 1% were prepared according to the amount percentages shown in table 2, and the surface tensions of the different surfactants were measured at room temperature using a surface tension meter, and the measurements were repeated three times without changing the conditions, and the average values were obtained, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 surface tension of different surfactants
The fluorine-containing surfactant has good surface activity, and the radius of fluorine atoms is larger than that of hydrogen atoms, so that the fluorine-containing surfactant has strong capability of shielding carbon atoms, thereby improving the stability of carbon-carbon bonds, and therefore, the fluorine-containing surfactant has better chemical stability and thermal stability compared with other surfactants. However, the fluorine-containing surfactant is high in price, so that the use cost is reduced by adopting a mode of compounding the fluorine-containing surfactant and other surfactants.
From the results in table 2, it can be seen that the surface tension of the system can be reduced to some extent by combining the fluorine-containing surfactant SIFAST @ SF-333, OBS with the other surfactants 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol, AEO-9, and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, wherein the better effect can be obtained by combining the fluorine-containing surfactant with 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol (compared with the combination of the fluorine-containing surfactant with AEO-9 or linear alkylbenzene sulfonate), and the better effect can be obtained by combining the OBS with 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol in the combination of the fluorine-containing surfactant with 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol (compared with SIFAST @ SF-333 and 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol co-formulation). The 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol is a traditional carbon oxygen surfactant, although the surface activity of the surfactant is not as good as that of a fluorine-containing surfactant, under the condition of a small dosage of the fluorine-containing surfactant, the carbon oxygen surfactant is added and compounded in a certain proportion, the carbon oxygen surfactant and the fluorine-containing surfactant generate mutual synergistic action, the fluorine-containing surfactant reduces the surface tension of the carbon oxygen surfactant, the surface activity of the carbon oxygen surfactant is improved, the effect of replacing part of the fluorine-containing surfactant with the carbon oxygen surfactant is achieved, the dosage of the fluorine-containing surfactant is greatly reduced, and the actual production and use cost is reduced.
TABLE 3 surface tension of surfactant combinations of different fluorosurfactant content
As can be seen from table 3, when the amount of the fluorosurfactant OBS used in the surfactant composition is increased, the surface tension exhibited by the surfactant composition gradually decreases, but when the amount of the fluorosurfactant is more than 4wt%, the decrease in surface tension of the surfactant composition is not significant, but rather causes an increase in product cost, so that the amount of the fluorosurfactant is preferably 2 to 4 wt%.
Samples to be tested are prepared according to the weight percentage in the table 4, and the reduction rate of the lubrication coefficient of each sample is determined according to the test method in Q/SY TZ 0022-2015. In table 4, the data for each component is in weight percent.
TABLE 4 lubricating properties of lubricants with different graphite contents
From the results in table 4, it can be seen that the surfactant combination of 4wt% of fluorosurfactant OBS and 96wt% of 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol can significantly reduce the surface tension of the system, so that the solid lubricant graphite can be well dispersed in the system, and even if the graphite amount reaches 2wt% or more, the graphite still has good dispersibility, so that the lubricating performance of the composition sample gradually increases with the increase of the graphite amount. However, it has been found through experiments that when the amount of graphite is more than 1.5wt%, the reduction rate of the lubricity coefficient of the sample composition does not increase significantly, and therefore, it is preferable to select the amount of graphite to be 0.5 to 1.5 wt%.
Example 3
Preparing modified vegetable oil: weighing 100 parts of vegetable oil, 10 parts of acetic acid and 30 parts of acetone, stirring and mixing uniformly for later use, weighing 2 parts of sulfuric acid with the concentration of 95% and 50 parts of hydrogen peroxide, slowly adding the mixture into the vegetable oil, stirring uniformly, reacting for 8-12h at the temperature of 55 ℃, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, and collecting fractions to obtain the modified vegetable oil.
The vegetable oil is selected from cotton seed oil, soybean oil and castor oil.
The resulting modified vegetable oils and conventional vegetable oils were added to the lubricant compositions separately and the reduction in lubricity coefficient was determined for each sample according to the test method in Q/SY TZ 0022-2015 and the results are shown in Table 5. In table 5, the data for each component is in weight percent.
TABLE 5 lubricating properties of lubricants containing different vegetable oils
From the results in Table 5, it is clear that the lubricant containing the modified vegetable oil prepared by the modification method of the present invention has more excellent lubricating properties than the unmodified vegetable oil. Although the modified vegetable oil has no obvious advantages compared with the unmodified vegetable oil at normal temperature, the modified vegetable oil has excellent thermal stability after high-temperature hot rolling, so that the lubricating property of the lubricant can be maintained at a higher level, and the unmodified vegetable oil has poor stability at high temperature and is difficult to exert the lubricating effect per se, so that the lubricating property of the lubricant is obviously reduced. It can be seen that the modified vegetable oil prepared by the specific modification method of the present invention can provide excellent thermal stability to the lubricant.
Example 4
The lubricant compositions of the present invention, samples 19-23, were prepared by testing the technical performance index of each sample according to the test method in Q/SY TZ 0022-2015, measuring the COD of the lubricant according to GB11914-1989 and the BOD of the lubricant according to GB7488-19875Calculate BOD5The biodegradability of the samples was obtained from COD and the results are shown in Table 6.
A preparation method of a water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling comprises the following steps:
in the following examples of the present invention, the sample preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing cationic polymer, modified vegetable oil, surfactant, graphite, emulsifier and deionized water according to a proportion;
s2: adding an emulsifier into 1/2 deionized water in a reaction kettle during stirring, and stirring at the constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ at 1000r/min for 30-60min to obtain a mixture A;
s3: adding the rest deionized water, the modified vegetable oil and the surfactant into the reaction kettle, stirring for 10-20min to be uniform, adding graphite, and stirring for 30-60min at constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ to obtain a mixture B;
s4: and stirring and mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the cationic polymer in a reaction kettle until the mixture is uniform and no layering exists, and standing for 1-2 hours to obtain the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling.
The preparation method of the modified vegetable oil comprises the following steps: weighing 100 parts of vegetable oil, 10 parts of acetic acid and 30 parts of acetone, stirring and mixing uniformly for later use, weighing 2 parts of sulfuric acid with the concentration of 95% and 50 parts of hydrogen peroxide, slowly adding the mixture into the vegetable oil, stirring uniformly, reacting for 8-12h at the temperature of 55 ℃, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, and collecting fractions to obtain the modified vegetable oil.
Sample 19
The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8wt% of cationic polymer, 40wt% of modified vegetable oil, 16wt% of surfactant, 1.5wt% of graphite, 6wt% of emulsifier and 28.5wt% of deionized water; the cationic polymer is an epichlorohydrin-ethylene polyamine polycondensate, the modified vegetable oil is modified cottonseed oil, the surfactant is a combination of fluorosurfactant OBS and 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol, and the fluorosurfactant OBS content is 4wt% and the 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol content is 96wt% based on the total weight of the surfactants; the emulsifier is formed by compounding span 80 and tween 80 according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Sample 20
The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8wt% of cationic polymer, 45wt% of modified vegetable oil, 15wt% of surfactant, 1.5wt% of graphite, 5.5wt% of emulsifier and 25wt% of deionized water; the cationic polymer is an epichlorohydrin-ethylene polyamine polycondensate, the modified vegetable oil is modified cottonseed oil, the surfactant is a combination of fluorosurfactant OBS and 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol, and the fluorosurfactant OBS content is 4wt% and the 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol content is 96wt% based on the total weight of the surfactants; the emulsifier is formed by compounding span 80 and tween 80 according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Sample 21
The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8wt% of cationic polymer, 45wt% of modified vegetable oil, 15wt% of surfactant, 1.5wt% of graphite, 5.5wt% of emulsifier and 25wt% of deionized water; the cationic polymer is cationic polyacrylamide, the modified vegetable oil is modified cottonseed oil, the surfactant is a combination of fluorosurfactant OBS and 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol, and the content of the fluorosurfactant OBS is 4wt% and the content of the 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol is 96wt% based on the total weight of the surfactants; the emulsifier is formed by compounding span 80 and tween 80 according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Sample 22
The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 6wt% of cationic polymer, 40wt% of modified vegetable oil, 17wt% of surfactant, 1.5wt% of graphite, 5.5wt% of emulsifier and 30wt% of deionized water; the cationic polymer is an epichlorohydrin-ethylene polyamine polycondensate, the modified vegetable oil is modified cottonseed oil, the surfactant is a combination of fluorosurfactant OBS and 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol, and the fluorosurfactant OBS content is 4wt% and the 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol content is 96wt% based on the total weight of the surfactants; the emulsifier is formed by compounding span 80 and tween 80 according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
TABLE 6 technical Properties of the water-based environmental lubricant for drilling of the present invention
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-10wt% of cationic polymer, 35-55wt% of modified vegetable oil, 5-20wt% of surfactant, 0.5-1.5wt% of graphite, 4-8wt% of emulsifier and 15-35 wt% of deionized water; wherein the surfactant comprises a fluorine-containing surfactant, and the content of the fluorine-containing surfactant is less than 5% of the total mass of the surfactant.
2. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 6-8wt% of cationic polymer, 40-45wt% of modified vegetable oil, 12-18wt% of surfactant, 0.5-1.5wt% of graphite, 4-8wt% of emulsifier and 20-30% of deionized water.
3. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8wt% of cationic polymer, 45wt% of modified vegetable oil, 15wt% of surfactant, 1.5wt% of graphite, 5.5wt% of emulsifier and 25wt% of deionized water.
4. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling as recited in claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a combination of fluorosurfactant and 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol, and the content of the fluorosurfactant is 2-4wt% and the content of the 2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol is 96-98wt% based on the total weight of the surfactant.
5. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling as recited in claim 4, wherein the fluorine-containing surfactant is one or a mixture of SIFEST @ SF-333 and sodium perfluorononenoxybenzene sulfonate.
6. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling according to claim 5, wherein the modified vegetable oil is one or more of epoxidized cottonseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized castor oil.
7. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling according to claim 6, wherein the cationic polymer is one or more of cationic polyacrylamide, epichlorohydrin-ethylene polyamine polycondensate and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
8. The water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling according to claim 7, wherein the emulsifier is one or more of span 80 and Tween 80.
9. A method for preparing the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: weighing cationic polymer, modified vegetable oil, surfactant, graphite, emulsifier and deionized water according to a proportion;
s2: adding 1/2 deionized water into the reaction kettle, adding an emulsifier during stirring, and stirring for 30-60min at constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ to obtain a mixture A;
s3: adding the rest deionized water, the modified vegetable oil and the surfactant into the other reaction kettle, stirring for 10-20min to be uniform, adding graphite, and stirring for 30-60min at constant temperature of 30-40 ℃ to obtain a mixture B;
s4: and stirring and mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the cationic polymer in a reaction kettle until the mixture is uniform and no layering exists, and standing for 1-2 hours to obtain the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling.
10. The method for preparing the water-based environment-friendly lubricant for well drilling as recited in claim 9, wherein the stirring speed in the step S2 is 800-.
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