CN113249009A - Efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for busbar and preparation method - Google Patents

Efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for busbar and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113249009A
CN113249009A CN202110501243.3A CN202110501243A CN113249009A CN 113249009 A CN113249009 A CN 113249009A CN 202110501243 A CN202110501243 A CN 202110501243A CN 113249009 A CN113249009 A CN 113249009A
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coating
busbar
resin
filler
magnetic field
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马爱军
王建锋
胡钱巍
陈永炜
刘学东
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Zhejiang Tailun Power Group Co ltd
Huzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Tailun Power Group Co ltd
Huzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium

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Abstract

The invention relates to coating preparation, and discloses an efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for a busbar and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coating comprises epoxy resin, a curing agent and a filler, wherein the main chain of the molecular chain of the epoxy resin is arranged along the direction of the thickness of the coating in an oriented manner; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a uniform mixed solution of a filler, a dispersant solvent and a dispersant; (2) preparing a resin solution from a resin and a resin solvent; (3) blending the mixed solution and the resin solution to obtain a blended solution, adding a curing agent and a defoaming agent into the blended solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a uniform coating solution; (4) and coating the coating liquid on the surface of the busbar under a magnetic field to form a cured coating. The coating layer of the busbar is cured in the magnetic field, so that the structure of the epoxy resin in the coating layer in the direction of the magnetic field is more orderly, the heat conductivity of the coating layer is improved, and meanwhile, the filling material with the grain size smaller than 10 mu m is added into the coating layer and the heat conductivity can be improved by adopting the multilayer structure.

Description

Efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for busbar and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coating preparation, in particular to an efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for a busbar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The electrical busbar is a main medium for transmitting electric energy in electrical equipment such as high and low voltage electrical appliances, power distribution equipment, switch contacts, bus ducts and the like and super-large current equipment such as electrochemical plating, metal smelting and the like. For some low-voltage busbars, insulation materials are generally required to be covered or wrapped, and the functions of insulation, moisture prevention, sealing, protection and the like are achieved. Generally, the busbar connection point is oxidized, corroded or the contact resistance at the joint is larger than a normal value due to poor contact and the like, and when a current passes through the busbar connection point, the thermal effect Q of the current is I2Rt increases the heat generated by the wire, causing the junction to overheat and the temperature at the junction to rise; conversely, as the joint overheats and increases in temperature, the contact surface is rapidly oxidized, and the contact resistance is further increased sharply. If the situation cannot be relieved or improved for a long time, the nodes are burnt red or even melted, and the accident potential is extremely harmful. In conclusion, the whole busbar generates heat due to the heating of the connector, and the insulating layer wrapped outside has poor heat dissipation capability, so that a new insulating heat dissipation material is required to replace the original insulating layer, and the heat dissipation capability is improved.
The No. CN104610864B discloses a preparation method of an insulating high-radiation heat-dissipation coating suitable for various substrates, and the coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of film-forming material, 30-50 parts of insulating heat-conducting filler, 40-70 parts of solvent, 0.3-2.0 parts of wetting dispersant, 0.2-1.0 part of defoaming agent, 0.1-0.8 part of flatting agent, 0.02-0.1 part of drier and 5-15 parts of isocyanate component as crosslinking curing agent, wherein the coating is formed by uniformly spraying the coating on the surface of a device, the thickness of each spraying is 10-30 mu m, and the total thickness of the coating is controlled to be 130-180 mu m. The coating prepared by the method has high hemispherical emissivity, high thermal conductivity and high volume resistivity, and has excellent salt mist resistance, damp and heat resistance and aging resistance. But the coating dissipates heat through radiation, and the heat dissipation of the coating mainly depends on phonon heat conductivity under the condition of the normal working temperature of the busbar.
No. CN105086688B discloses an insulating heat dissipation coating of oxidation graphite alkene, its characterized in that: the graphene oxide insulating heat dissipation coating is composed of resin, graphene oxide and a resin curing agent, and the graphene oxide insulating heat dissipation coating is composed of the following components in parts by weight: resin: 300-30 parts of graphene oxide: 1 part of resin curing agent and 100-10 parts of resin curing agent; the graphite oxide is synthesized by adopting an improved Hummers method or phosphorylated graphene oxide modified by phosphide; the graphene oxide insulating heat dissipation coating is prepared by mixing a graphene oxide dispersion liquid prepared by dispersing graphite oxide in a dispersion liquid solvent or a phosphorylated graphene oxide dispersion liquid with a resin and a resin curing agent. The invention can obtain better heat dissipation effect, but the preparation method is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an efficient heat-dissipation insulating coating for a busbar and a preparation method thereof.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for the busbar comprises raw materials of epoxy resin, a curing agent and a filler, wherein a main chain of a molecular chain of the epoxy resin is arranged along the direction of the thickness of the coating in an oriented mode; the particle size of the filler is less than 10 mu m; the mass ratio of the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the filler is 1-2:0.2-0.5: 1-2; the coating is a single-layer or multi-layer structure coated on the surface of the busbar.
In order to obtain a high-efficiency heat dissipation coating, a filler with good heat conductivity needs to be added into the coating. The temperature of an application object is lower than 200 ℃ in normal work, the heat dissipation of the coating mainly depends on phonon heat conductivity, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the coating can be improved by improving the phonon heat conductivity, the heat conductivity can be improved by improving the phonon free path and the phonon speed, and the corresponding scheme is to improve the crystallinity/material structure order and improve the material density. The coating obtained by the scheme has a main chain structure vertical to the surface of the busbar and a more ordered structure, can improve the phonon free path and phonon speed, and therefore has better heat conductivity. According to the heat conduction mechanism of the amorphous and crystalline mixture, when the application object works normally, the heat conductivity is increased and then decreased along with the increase of the temperature of the application object when the crystalline occupancy ratio is high; the thermal conductivity can maintain a stable value in a wider temperature range and present a slowly increasing potential state in other cases. Overall, the higher the proportion of crystalline filler, the better the heat dissipation of the coating during normal operation of the application, but the higher the proportion of crystalline filler, the better the thermal conductivity of the mixture once the application is not in normal operation, and the adhesion of the coating is affected if there is too much crystalline material. It is therefore necessary to set a suitable range in which the ratio of filler (crystalline material) to amorphous material (resin + curing agent) is between 2:5 and 5: 3. In order to provide better heat dissipation uniformity and higher heat dissipation efficiency of the coating, the particle size of the filler is not too large, so the scheme limits the particle size of the material to the upper limit of 10 μm.
Preferably, the epoxy resin is one or more of phenolic epoxy resin and amine epoxy resin; the curing agent is one or more of aliphatic polyamine, acid anhydride and polyamide; the aliphatic polyamine comprises at least one of ethylenediamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine, diethylenetriamine and polyethylene polyamine; the anhydride comprises one or more of maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride; the filler is Al2O3MgO, ZnO, BN, AlN and Si3N4One or more of; the coating is of a multilayer structure, and the fillers are uniformly distributed in each layer of coating; the total thickness of the coating is 100-200 mu m, wherein the thickness of the bottommost coating is 20-50 mu m; the busbar is a busbar; the bus bar surface comprises a bus bar horizontal plane (16) or a bus bar side surface (17), and the area of the bus bar horizontal plane (16) is larger than that of the bus bar side surface (17).
For amorphous materials, the more complex the structure, the longer the crosslinker, and the lower the thermal conductivity. When the length of the crosslinking agent is sufficiently short, adjacent molecular chains can be tightly connectedThe groups among the sub-chains establish a channel beneficial to phonon transmission by virtue of non-covalent bond action (hydrogen bond, electrostatic force and Van der Waals force), and compared with the molecular chains without the non-covalent bond action, the phonon transmission speed is obviously accelerated. Therefore, the scheme selects the low molecular weight curing agent. In order to obtain the insulating property, the selected filler is oxide or nitride, namely Al2O3MgO, ZnO, BN, AlN and Si3N4And has higher thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity. For better heat dissipation performance and ensuring certain coating strength, the thickness of the coating is preferably 100-200 μm. The multilayer structure is adopted in the invention because the higher the filler content is, the higher the heat dissipation efficiency is, but the lower the corresponding adhesiveness is, therefore, the bottommost coating layer is ensured on the condition of ensuring the heat dissipation performance, and in order to ensure the adhesiveness and the heat dissipation performance of the coating layer, the bottommost coating layer close to the surface is thinner than the outer layer and has lower filler content than the outer layer. The total coating thickness is thus 100-200 μm, with the lowest coating thickness being 20-50 μm.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the high-efficiency heat dissipation insulating coating for the busbar, which comprises the following steps:
the method for single-layer coating comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the filler, the dispersant solvent and the dispersant, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
(2) mixing resin and a resin solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) and the resin solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent and a defoaming agent, and then stirring again to obtain a uniform coating solution;
(4) coating the uniform coating liquid obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the busbar, and forming a cured coating under the action of a magnetic field;
the method for the multilayer coating comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the filler, the dispersant solvent and the dispersant, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform mixed solution of at least 2 fillers in percentage by mass;
(2) mixing resin and a resin solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) and the resin solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent and a defoaming agent, and then stirring again to obtain a uniform coating solution with at least 2 fillers in percentage by mass;
(4) coating the uniform coating liquid with the lowest mass percentage of the filler obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the busbar, and curing under the action of a magnetic field to form a bottommost coating;
(5) after the bottom coating is cured, sequentially coating the rest uniform coating liquids with different filler mass percentages according to the method in the step (4), wherein each coating needs to be carried out after the last coating is cured;
the magnetic field is vertical to the side surface (17) of the busbar or one surface of the horizontal plane (16) of the busbar; the magnetic field is 4000-10000 Gs; the steps (1) and (2) in the method for preparing the single-layer coating and the multi-layer coating are mainly used for uniformly mixing materials and adopting ultrasonic treatment; the defoaming agent in the step (3) has the function of eliminating bubbles in the mixed masking liquid, and the existence of the bubbles can scatter phonons, shorten the phonon free path and reduce the thermal conductivity; the coating and curing of the coating in the magnetic field in the step (4) is to ensure that the resin can form a highly ordered network structure under the action of the magnetic field when the coating is cured, and the thermal conductivity is improved along the direction of the magnetic field; in addition, the crystalline substance has anisotropy in different crystal planes and different orientations, and the thermal conductivity can be changed by adjusting the direction of crystal grains, so that the filler particles can also deflect in a magnetic field, and the thermal conductivity of the filler particles along the direction of the magnetic field is the highest. The difference is that the coating of the present invention may be either a multilayer structure or a single-layer structure. When the coating is of a single-layer structure, as described in the preparation method of the single-layer coating, only one coating needs to be prepared, and the preparation of the single-layer coating is completed according to the steps (1) to (4); when the coating is a multilayer structure, as described for the single-layer coating preparation method, at least 2 homogeneous coating liquids with different mass ratios of fillers are needed, and then as described in step (5), the homogeneous coating liquid with the mass ratio of fillers different from that of the bottommost coating is applied to the cured bottommost coating in the manner of step (4) and cured in a magnetic field, and each application is needed after the last coating is cured. In addition, the epoxy resin is cured under the condition of a low magnetic field, the thermal conductivity is increased along the direction of the external magnetic field, and the thermal conductivity is slowly increased along with the increase of the magnetic field strength after the critical magnetic field strength is exceeded. Thus, in theory, the higher the magnetic field, the higher the ordering of the network structure of the coating matrix, the more pronounced the increase in thermal conductivity along the direction of the magnetic field. However, because the magnetic field intensity that can be generated by the common permanent magnet is less than 10000Gs, and the requirement of the electromagnet for generating the strong magnetic field on equipment and electric power is higher, the magnetic field intensity range adopted by the invention is 3000-10000Gs, and the direction of the magnetic field is vertical to the surface of the busbar.
Preferably, in the method for preparing the single-layer coating, the coating process in the step (4) includes coating the uniform coating liquid obtained in the step (3) on the whole surface of the busbar, and curing the coating under the action of a magnetic field perpendicular to one surface between the horizontal plane 16 of the busbar and the lateral surface 17 of the busbar.
The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane between the horizontal plane 16 of the busbar or the lateral plane 17 of the busbar, and the selection of the direction of the magnetic field determines the coating effect. When the surface of the busbar is completely and uniformly coated with the coating, the improvement of the thermal conductivity obtained by the magnetic field direction perpendicular to the busbar horizontal plane 16 with the larger surface area is larger than the thermal conductivity obtained by the magnetic field direction perpendicular to the overlooking plane ac with the smaller surface area.
Preferably, in the single-layer coating preparation method, the coating process in the step (4) includes coating the uniform coating solution obtained in the step (3) on the busbar horizontal plane 16 or the busbar lateral plane 17, forming a cured coating under the action of a magnetic field, then changing the direction of the magnetic field, coating the coating solution on the busbar lateral plane 17 or the busbar horizontal plane 16 to form a coating, and forming the cured coating in the magnetic field.
Because the magnetic fields perpendicular to the horizontal plane 16 and the side 17 of the busbar are applied at the same time, the magnetic fields interfere with each other, and the ordering of the coating structure is influenced; when the surface of the busbar is completely and uniformly coated with the coating, only a magnetic field in a certain direction is selected, and the heat conductivity cannot be improved to the maximum extent, so that the invention can preferably adopt the steps of firstly applying the magnetic field vertical to the busbar horizontal plane 16 or the busbar side surface 17, coating the solidified busbar horizontal plane 16 or the busbar side surface 17 to obtain the solidified coating, then changing the direction of the magnetic field, applying the magnetic field vertical to the busbar side surface 17 or the busbar horizontal plane 16, and coating the solidified busbar side surface 17 or the busbar horizontal plane 16 to obtain the solidified coating, thereby realizing the maximization of the heat conductivity of the coating under the scheme of the invention.
Preferably, in the multilayer coating preparation method, 2 kinds of uniform masking liquid A and masking liquid B with different filler mass percentages are prepared in the steps (1) to (3), and the filler mass percentage in the masking liquid A is smaller than that in the masking liquid B; and (5) coating the coating liquid A on the surface of the busbar under the action of a magnetic field to form a coating A, and coating the coating liquid B on the coating A after the coating A is cured for curing.
As mentioned above, when the coating is a multilayer structure, the mass percentage of the filler in the bottommost coating layer close to the busbar is lower than that of the outer coating layer, so when the coating is applied under the action of a magnetic field, the uniform coating liquid a with lower mass percentage of the filler is firstly applied on the surface of the busbar to form the coating a, after the coating a is cured, the coating liquid B with higher mass percentage of the filler is further applied on the coating a to form the coating B, and the coating B is also cured in the magnetic field.
Preferably, the dispersant solvent in step (1) is NMP; the filler is as follows: dispersing agent: the mass ratio of the dispersant solution is 1-1.6:0.01-0.08: 1.2-2.3; the resin solvent in the step (2) is characterized in that the solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone, ethylene glycol butyl ether and propylene glycol butyl ether; the resin: the mass ratio of the resin solvent is 1-1.6: 1-2; the defoaming agent in the step (3) is an organic silicone compound; the curing agent is as follows: the mass ratio of the defoaming agent is 1-2.5: 0.1-0.5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the obtained coating base material has the characteristics of regular arrangement structure along the magnetic field direction, uniform filler distribution and high thermal conductivity.
2. The micromolecule curing agent can enable the coating to be tightly connected with adjacent molecular chains, and the groups among the molecular chains are favorable for a phonon transmission channel by means of non-covalent bond action (hydrogen bonds, electrostatic force and Van der Waals force), so that the phonon propagation rate is accelerated, and the thermal conductivity is improved.
3. The invention integrates insulativity and high thermal conductivity, and the preparation method is simple.
4. The multilayer coating structure has good heat conductivity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single layer coating structure with magnetic field curing perpendicular to the busbar horizontal plane 16;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single-layer coating structure with magnetic field curing perpendicular to the busbar side 17;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a two-layer coating structure with magnetic field curing perpendicular to the busbar horizontal plane 16;
the reference signs are:
h is a magnetic field, 1 is a coating, 2 is a busbar, 3 is a molecular chain main chain of epoxy resin, 4 is filler, 5 is a multilayer boundary, 16 is a busbar horizontal plane, and 17 is a busbar side face.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The materials and methods referred to in this invention are those well known in the art, unless otherwise specified.
General examples
An insulating coating with high heat dissipating effect is composed of resin, solidifying agent and filler. And coating at least one coating liquid prepared by uniformly mixing resin, a curing agent and a filler according to a certain mass ratio on the surface of the busbar, wherein the main chain structure of the coating resin obtained after curing is vertical to the surface of the busbar.
A preparation method of the single-layer structure and the multi-layer structure of the high-efficiency heat dissipation insulating coating comprises the following steps:
aiming at the preparation method of the single-layer coating:
(1) mixing the filler, the dispersant solvent and the dispersant, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
(2) mixing resin and a resin solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) and the resin solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent and a defoaming agent, and then stirring again to obtain a uniform coating solution;
(4) coating the uniform coating liquid obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the busbar, and forming a cured coating under the action of a magnetic field;
aiming at the preparation method of the multilayer coating:
(1) mixing the filler, the dispersant solvent and the dispersant, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform mixed solution of at least 2 fillers in percentage by mass;
(2) mixing resin and a resin solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) and the resin solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent and a defoaming agent, and then stirring again to obtain a uniform coating solution with at least 2 fillers in percentage by mass;
(4) coating the uniform coating liquid with the lowest mass percentage of the filler obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the busbar, and curing under the action of a magnetic field to form a bottommost coating;
(5) after the bottom coating is cured, sequentially coating the rest uniform coating liquids with different filler mass percentages according to the method in the step (4), wherein each coating needs to be carried out after the last coating is cured;
the finished product obtained is shown in fig. 1.
Example 1 (examples 1 to 15 each having a single-layer structure)
The resin, the curing agent and the filler are respectively amine epoxy resin, ethylenediamine and alumina, and the mass ratio is as follows: 1:0.2: 1; the filler particle size was 10 μm.
(1) Mixing alumina, NMP and a dispersing agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:1.5, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 8min to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
(2) mixing amine epoxy resin and ethyl acetate in a mass ratio of 1:1, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 8min to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution and the resin solution, stirring at a high speed until the mixed solution is uniform, adding ethylenediamine and organic silicone compound with the mass ratio of 1:0.5, and then stirring again to obtain uniform coating liquid;
(4) and coating the coating liquid on the surface of the busbar to form a single-layer coating, and curing the coating under a 3000Gs magnetic field vertical to the horizontal plane (16) of the busbar.
The coating structure is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2
The magnetic field strength was varied as compared to example 1, and the magnetic field strength of this example was 5000 Gs.
Example 3
The magnetic field strength was varied as compared to example 1, and the magnetic field strength of this example was 8000 Gs.
Example 4
The magnetic field strength was changed as compared with example 1, and the magnetic field strength of this example was 10000 Gs.
Example 5
Compared to example 1, the resin was changed: curing agent: mass ratio of filler, resin in this example: curing agent: the mass ratio of the filler is 1:0.5: 1.
Example 6
Compared to example 1, the resin was changed: curing agent: mass ratio of filler, resin in this example: curing agent: the mass ratio of the filler is 1:0.5: 2.
Example 7
Compared to example 1, the resin was changed: curing agent: mass ratio of filler, resin in this example: curing agent: the mass ratio of the filler is 2:0.5: 1.
Example 8
Compared to example 1, the resin was changed: curing agent: mass ratio of filler, resin in this example: curing agent: the mass ratio of the filler is 2:0.2: 1.
Example 9
Compared to example 1, the resin was changed: curing agent: mass ratio of filler, resin in this example: curing agent: the mass ratio of the filler is 1.5:0.3: 1.5.
Example 10
Compared to example 1, the resin was changed: curing agent: mass ratio of filler, resin in this example: curing agent: the mass ratio of the filler is 1.3:0.3: 1.6.
Example 11
Compared to example 1, the resin was changed: curing agent: mass ratio of filler, resin in this example: curing agent: the mass ratio of the filler is 1.6:0.3: 1.3.
Example 12
The filler particle size was varied as compared to example 1, and was 5 μm in this example.
Example 13
The filler particle size was varied as compared to example 1, which was 1 μm.
Example 14
The filler particle size was varied as compared to example 1, which was 0.1 μm
Example 15
Compared with the embodiment 1, the direction of the magnetic field is changed, and the direction of the magnetic field of the embodiment is perpendicular to the busbar side surface (17).
The coating structure is shown in fig. 3.
Example 16
In contrast to example 1, this example produced a multilayer structure as follows.
The resin, the curing agent and the filler are respectively amine epoxy resin, ethylenediamine and alumina, and the mass ratio is as follows: 1:0.2: 1; the filler particle size was 10 μm.
(1) Mixing alumina, NMP and a dispersing agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:1.5, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 8min to obtain a uniform mixed solution A; mixing alumina, NMP and a dispersing agent in a mass ratio of 2:0.3:1.5, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 8min to obtain a uniform mixed solution B;
(2) mixing amine epoxy resin and ethyl acetate in a mass ratio of 1:1, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 8min to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution A and the resin solution, stirring at a high speed until the mixed solution A and the resin solution are uniform, adding ethylenediamine and organic silicone compound according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5, and then stirring again to obtain uniform coating liquid A; mixing the mixed solution B with the resin solution, stirring at a high speed until the mixed solution B is uniform, adding ethylenediamine and organic silicone compound with the mass ratio of 1:0.5, and then stirring again to obtain uniform coating liquid B;
(4) coating the coating liquid A on the surface of the busbar under a 3000Gs magnetic field vertical to the horizontal plane 16 of the busbar to form a bottom coating A, and acting the magnetic field until the coating A is cured;
(5) and coating the masking liquid B on the solidified bottom coating A under a magnetic field of 3000Gs perpendicular to the horizontal plane 16 of the busbar to form an outer coating B.
The coating structure is shown in fig. 4.
Comparative example 1
In contrast to example 1, this comparative example did not add filler.
Comparative example 2
In contrast to example 1, this comparative example was not cured under a magnetic field.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example had a filler particle size of 20 μm compared to example 1.
Test method since the busbar in the embodiment and the comparative example is the same, the heat dissipation capacity of the busbar only depends on the property of the coating and is independent of the surface area of the coating, and therefore, only the coating on the horizontal plane (16) of the busbar with larger surface area is taken as a sample during the test.
And (3) measuring the resistivity of the coating: GB/T1410-2006 solid insulating material volume resistivity and surface resistivity test method tests the volume resistivity of the coating, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Testing the surface heat conductivity: the thermal conductivity of the coatings obtained in the examples and the comparative examples is tested based on a TPS (hot-disk) method, namely a transient planar heat source method, the used instrument is a thermal conductivity meter adopting the transient planar heat source method, and when the thermal conductivity of the graphene composite coating is tested by utilizing the transient planar heat source method, the probe not only plays a role in heating a heat source, but also serves as a sensor. The probe clamped between the two samples to be measured is electrified with constant power, the temperature of the probe rises along with the constant power, and therefore the resistance of the probe changes. The temperature on the surface of the probe can be influenced by the difference of the thermal conductivity coefficients of the samples to be detected, the temperature change of the probes is reflected by the resistance change of the probes, and the thermal conductivity of the samples can be obtained by observing the resistance change of the probes. Specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Numbering Volume resistivity (omega. m) Thermal conductivity (W/m. K)
Example 1 1016 1.6
Example 2 1016 1.7
Example 3 1016 1.8
Example 4 1016 2.0
Example 5 1016 1.7
Example 6 1016 1.8
Example 7 1016 1.6
Example 8 1016 1.7
Example 9 1016 1.8
Example 10 1016 1.7
Example 11 1016 1.7
Example 12 1016 1.8
Example 13 1016 2.0
Example 14 1016 1.7
Example 15 1016 0.4
Example 16 1016 2.2
Comparative example 1 1016 0.9
Comparative example 2 1016 0.5
Comparative example 3 1016 1.3
From the results of the volume resistivities obtained in examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that the resistivity is not greatly affected by the scheme of the present invention, and the order of the resistivity of the coating is not changed.
Comparing examples 1-4 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that the thermal conductivity of the coating gradually increases with the increase of the magnetic field strength, which indicates that the magnetic field strength can increase the thermal conductivity of the coating, probably because the larger the magnetic field effect is, the more ordered the coating structure is, the higher the order of the formed network structure is, and the thermal conductivity increases along the direction of the magnetic field.
It can be seen from comparative examples 5-10 and comparative examples that the proportion of the formulation does not have a significant effect on the thermal conductivity under the same formulation and coating curing conditions, probably because the phonon propagation rate or free path is not materially changed.
Comparative example 1, examples 11-14, and comparative examples 1 and 3, it was found that the addition of filler increased the coating thermal conductivity, but the finer the alumina, the better the effect, probably because the efficiency of the alumina propagation to phonons was lower than the scattering of phonons by alumina when the alumina size was too small, resulting in a decrease in the coating thermal conductivity.
Comparing example 1, example 15 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that, for the coating on the horizontal plane 16 of the busbar, the coating is cured under the action of the magnetic field perpendicular to the lateral surface 17 of the busbar, and the formed molecular chain main chain has a larger blocking effect on phonon propagation in the thickness direction of the coating along the width direction of the busbar, i.e. parallel to the direction of the magnetic field shown in fig. 2, so that the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the busbar is reduced.
Comparing example 1 and example 16, the coating with a multi-layer structure has better heat conduction effect. Since the formulation of the coating a is not different from that of the coating a in comparison with the example 1, the coating B in the example 15 has larger thermal conductivity than the coating a under the condition of consistent thickness, so that the coating B has larger average thermal conductivity, and meanwhile, the coating a in the example 15 has the same adhesion on the busbar as the coating a in the example 1, so that the example 15 has better performance, namely, the multilayer structure of the invention has better thermal conductivity compared with the single-layer structure under the condition of the same thickness.
In conclusion, the invention can increase the heat conductivity of the coating, and the essence of the invention is that the order of the structure of the base material of the coating is improved, the filler is added to improve the propagation rate of phonons, and the propagation free path of phonons is increased. The coating of the busbar is cured in a magnetic field, so that the structure of the epoxy resin in the coating is more ordered in the direction of the magnetic field, the heat conductivity of the coating is improved, and the improvement of the heat conductivity can be promoted by adding the filler with the particle size of less than 10 mu m into the coating and adopting the multilayer structure.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for the busbar comprises epoxy resin, a curing agent and a filler, and is characterized in that a main chain of a molecular chain of the epoxy resin is oriented and arranged along the thickness direction of the coating; the particle size of the filler is less than 10 mu m; the mass ratio of the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the filler is 1-2:0.2-0.5: 1-2; the coating is a single-layer or multi-layer structure coated on the surface of the busbar.
2. The efficient heat dissipation insulating coating of claim 1, wherein the epoxy resin is one or more of phenolic epoxy resin and amine epoxy resin.
3. The high efficiency heat dissipating insulation coating of claim 1, wherein the curing agent is one or more of aliphatic polyamine, anhydride, and polyamide; the aliphatic polyamine comprises at least one of ethylenediamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine, diethylenetriamine and polyethylene polyamine; the anhydride comprises one or more of maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
4. The high efficiency heat dissipating insulation coating of claim 1, wherein the filler is Al2O3MgO, ZnO, BN, AlN and Si3N4One or more of (a).
5. The high efficiency heat dissipating insulation coating of claim 1, wherein the coating is a multi-layer structure and the filler is uniformly distributed in each layer of the coating; the total thickness of the coating is 100-200 mu m, wherein the thickness of the coating at the bottommost layer is 40-60 mu m; the bus bar surface comprises a bus bar horizontal plane (16) or a bus bar side surface (17), and the area of the bus bar horizontal plane (16) is larger than that of the bus bar side surface (17).
6. A method for preparing the high-efficiency heat-dissipation insulating coating for the busbar according to claims 1-5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the method for single-layer coating comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the filler, the dispersant solvent and the dispersant, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
(2) mixing resin and a resin solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) and the resin solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent and a defoaming agent, and then stirring again to obtain a uniform coating solution;
(4) coating the uniform coating liquid obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the busbar, and forming a cured coating under the action of a magnetic field;
the method for the multilayer coating comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the filler, the dispersant solvent and the dispersant, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform mixed solution of at least 2 fillers in percentage by mass;
(2) mixing resin and a resin solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a resin solution;
(3) mixing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) and the resin solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent and a defoaming agent, and then stirring again to obtain a uniform coating solution with at least 2 fillers in percentage by mass;
(4) coating the uniform coating liquid with the lowest mass percentage of the filler obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the busbar, and curing under the action of a magnetic field to form a bottommost coating;
(5) after the bottom coating is cured, sequentially coating the rest uniform coating liquids with different filler mass percentages according to the method in the step (4), wherein each coating needs to be carried out after the last coating is cured;
the magnetic field is vertical to the side surface (17) of the busbar or one surface of the horizontal plane (16) of the busbar; the magnetic field is 4000-10000 Gs.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the method for preparing the single-layer coating, the step (4) of the coating process comprises the steps of coating the uniform coating liquid obtained in the step (3) on the whole surface of the busbar and curing the coating under the action of a magnetic field perpendicular to one surface between the horizontal plane 16 and the lateral surface 17 of the busbar.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the preparation method of the single-layer coating, the coating process in the step (4) comprises the steps of coating the uniform coating solution obtained in the step (3) on the busbar horizontal plane (16) or the busbar side (17), forming a cured coating under the action of a magnetic field, changing the direction of the magnetic field, coating the coating solution on the busbar side 17 or the busbar horizontal plane 16 to form a coating, and forming the cured coating in the magnetic field.
9. The preparation method of claim 6, wherein in the preparation method of the multilayer coating, 2 uniform dope A and dope B with different filler mass percentages are prepared in the steps (1) to (3), and the filler mass percentage in the dope A is smaller than that in the dope B; and (5) coating the coating liquid A on the surface of the busbar under the action of a magnetic field to form a coating A, and coating the coating liquid B on the coating A after the coating A is cured for curing.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the dispersant solvent in the step (1) is NMP; the filler is as follows: dispersing agent: the mass ratio of the dispersant solution is 1-1.6:0.01-0.08: 1.2-2.3; the method according to claim 6, wherein the resin solvent in step (2) is one or more selected from toluene, xylene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone, ethylene glycol butyl ether and propylene glycol butyl ether; the resin: the mass ratio of the resin solvent is 1-2: 5-10; the defoaming agent in the step (3) is an organic silicone compound; the curing agent is as follows: the mass ratio of the defoaming agent is 1-2.5: 0.1-0.5.
CN202110501243.3A 2021-05-08 2021-05-08 Efficient heat dissipation insulating coating for busbar and preparation method Pending CN113249009A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210813