CN113248110B - Crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering device and method - Google Patents
Crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113248110B CN113248110B CN202110571450.6A CN202110571450A CN113248110B CN 113248110 B CN113248110 B CN 113248110B CN 202110571450 A CN202110571450 A CN 202110571450A CN 113248110 B CN113248110 B CN 113248110B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/15—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by treatment with electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields; by treatment with ultrasonic waves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/123—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using belt or band filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering device and method, and belongs to the technical field of sludge advanced treatment and resource utilization. The technical scheme is as follows: the cathode crawler assembly (4) is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent cathode plates (19) into a closed-loop structure, and the anode crawler assembly (3) is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent anode plates (13) into a closed-loop structure; the anode crawler belt assembly (3) and the cathode crawler belt assembly (4) realize synchronous operation through the synchronous chain wheel (12), and a working channel for electroosmotic dehydration of sludge is formed between the anode crawler belt assembly and the cathode crawler belt assembly. According to the invention, a plurality of positive and negative electrode plates are connected to form a crawler structure, each electrode plate independently supplies power, and if one electrode does not influence the work of the whole machine after breakdown, the sludge is deeply dehydrated by utilizing the superposition effect of multiple principles of electrophoresis, electroosmosis, mechanical extrusion and resistance heat, so that the effect of sludge moisture content of less than 40% is realized, and the subsequent sludge landfill or incineration disposal is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering device and method, and belongs to the technical field of sludge advanced treatment and resource utilization.
Background
Due to the urbanization and economic development requirements, the urban sewage production and treatment capacity of China tend to increase year by year. According to the statistics of urban sewage treatment conditions, by the end of 2019, the national urban sewage treatment capacity is 1.77 billion cubic meters per day, and the accumulated treated sewage amount is 532 billion cubic meters. Along with the improvement of the urban sewage treatment rate, the sludge production and treatment capacity are increased. According to statistics, the amount of sludge generated by urban sewage treatment in 2019 in China is over 4000 ten thousand tons. The conventional sludge dewatering devices such as a screw-stacking dewaterer, a belt dewaterer, a centrifugal dewaterer and the like can only dewater sludge to about 80 percent of water content, and cannot meet the requirement of sanitary landfill or incineration, not to mention the resource utilization of the sludge. In fact, most of the sludge is disposed of at will, and the proportion of truly achieving safe disposal does not exceed 20%. In recent years, various sludge heat drying devices emerging in the market generally have the problems of high energy consumption, small treatment capacity and high investment and operation cost. When various electroosmosis dewatering machines meet the condition that sludge contains metal substances, electrode breakdown can be caused, equipment stops swinging, and maintenance is difficult. For example, chinese patent CN201210159903 electroosmosis belt type sludge dewatering equipment, CN200880125531 phase control type electrophoresis electroosmosis dewatering equipment using three-phase ac power supply, etc. have the common problem of failure due to electrode breakdown.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering device and method, wherein a plurality of positive and negative electrode plates are connected to form a crawler structure, each electrode plate is independently powered, if a certain electrode does not influence the work of the whole machine after being punctured, the sludge is deeply dewatered by utilizing the superposition effect of multiple principles of electrophoresis, electroosmosis, mechanical extrusion and resistance heat, so that the effect of sludge moisture content less than 40 percent is realized, the subsequent sludge landfill or incineration disposal is facilitated, the recycling utilization of aerobic fermentation, compost and the like is facilitated, the electrode mounting structure is simple, the replacement is convenient, and the technical problems in the prior art are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a track type efficient continuous electro-osmosis sludge dewatering device comprises an anode track assembly and a cathode track assembly which are matched with each other, wherein the cathode track assembly is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent cathode plates into a closed-loop structure, each cathode plate is connected with a cathode insulating block through a bolt, the cathode insulating block is connected with a cathode chain group through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel group II are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cathode chain group, the chain wheel group II drives the cathode chain group and the cathode plates on a chain to do annular motion, and a plurality of roller group II are arranged in the closed-loop structure to serve as supports for the motion of the cathode plates, the cathode insulating blocks and the cathode chain group, so that a cathode track for conveying sludge is formed; the anode crawler assembly is a closed-loop structure formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent anode plates, each anode plate is connected with an anode insulating block through a bolt, the anode insulating block is connected with an anode chain group through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel groups I are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the anode chain group, the chain wheel groups drive the anode chain group and the anode plates on the chain to do annular motion, and meanwhile, a plurality of roller groups I are arranged in the closed-loop structure and serve as supports for the anode plates, the anode insulating blocks and the anode chain group to move; the anode crawler belt assembly and the cathode crawler belt assembly realize synchronous operation through the synchronous chain wheel, and a working channel for electroosmotic dehydration of sludge is formed between the anode crawler belt assembly and the cathode crawler belt assembly.
The anode crawler assembly and the cathode crawler assembly are arranged on the frame, and the frame is provided with a driving unit, an odor collecting cover, a sludge distributing device, a filter cloth flushing device, a filter cloth correcting device, a filter cloth tensioning device and a sludge scraping device; the driving unit directly drives the cathode crawler belt assembly to operate by a shaft-mounted speed reducer, and the cathode crawler belt assembly drives the anode crawler belt assembly to operate by a synchronous chain wheel; the sludge distribution device controls sludge to be evenly and flatly distributed on the filter cloth, a filter cloth tensioning device and a filter cloth deviation correcting device are arranged below the cathode crawler assembly, and the filter cloth tensioning device and the filter cloth deviation correcting device are connected with the frame; the frame advances mud end below and is equipped with filter cloth belt cleaning device, the frame goes out mud end and is equipped with the mud scraping device, four sides of frame set up guard shield and foul smell collection cover respectively with the higher authority, prevent that the foul smell from spilling over, can effectively improve operational environment.
And a pneumatic control system is arranged below the filter cloth cleaning device and is used for respectively controlling the cylinder actions of the sludge distribution device, the filter cloth tensioning device and the filter cloth deviation correcting device. And a power supply device is arranged above the rack and is respectively connected with a power supply and a cathode and anode electrode power supply guide rail through cables, and an electric brush arranged on the cathode plate and the anode plate is in contact with the power supply guide rail to supply power to the cathode crawler assembly and the anode crawler assembly.
One side of the anode plate and one side of the cathode plate in the length direction are respectively provided with an electric brush and a power supply guide rail which have the same structure; taking the anode plate side as an example: the electric brush is arranged on the anode plate and is in matched contact with the power supply guide rail; the cable is connected with a binding post on the power supply guide rail to supply power to the power supply guide rail, so that an electric field required by sludge electroosmosis is formed; the electric brush is provided with a compensation spring which automatically compensates the manufacturing and installation errors of the power supply guide rail so as to ensure that the electric brush is always in full contact with the power supply guide rail. The electric brushes on one side of the anode plate and one side of the cathode plate are in contact with the power supply guide rail, the electric brushes are units for providing current for the cathode and the anode, and the electric brushes are made of copper alloy in order to ensure sufficient and stable conductivity.
The first important innovation point of the invention is as follows: as the anode plate and the cathode plate are in direct contact with the sludge, metal substances are inevitably mixed in the sludge, and the electrodes are in contact with metal to cause short circuit and even break down the electrodes. According to the invention, each anode plate is connected with an electric brush to be contacted with a power supply guide rail, each anode plate is independent, and a plurality of anode plates are arranged in parallel, so that when sludge contains metal substances, only one anode plate corresponding to the region is short-circuited or broken down, the work of other anode plates is not influenced, and the anode plates are replaced when the device is stopped for maintenance. The cathode plate also adopts the same structure.
The second important innovation point of the invention is as follows: in order to better control the sludge to be evenly and flatly arranged on the filter belt, a sludge distributing device is arranged below the feeding hole; the mud distributing device consists of a driving motor, a mud distributing roller and a pneumatic adjusting device, wherein two ends of a roller shaft of the mud distributing roller are arranged on sliding bearing seats, the sliding bearing seats are connected with an air cylinder to form the adjusting device, the height of the sliding bearing seats can be adjusted through the air cylinder, the driving motor of the mud distributing device drives the mud distributing roller to rotate, irregular mud is flattened and is brought into a subsequent electroosmosis working area, the upper and lower positions of the mud distributing roller are adjustable through the sliding bearing seats at two ends of the mud distributing roller, and the thickness of inlet mud is adjusted timely; the electromagnetic induction switch is arranged on the cylinder, so that the stroke of the cylinder is accurately controlled, and the mud distributing thickness of the mud distributing roller is controlled; the cylinder is also provided with a pressure sensor, and when the load of the distributing roller is increased due to the accumulation of a large amount of sludge at the inlet, the pressure sensor is triggered to alarm; the driving motor matched with the sludge distribution device adopts variable frequency speed regulation, the rotating speed of the sludge distribution roller is timely adjusted, and the volume of the sludge at the inlet can be quantitatively controlled; the air cylinder is provided with a position sensor which is interlocked with a frequency converter of the driving motor, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically increased when the thickness of the inlet sludge is less than a set value, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically reduced when the thickness of the inlet sludge is greater than the set value, the current rotating speed can be maintained until the thickness of the inlet sludge is equal to the set value, and automatic control and unattended operation can be realized.
The third important innovation point of the invention is as follows: in order to improve the regeneration function of the filter cloth and ensure the continuous water filtering function of the filter cloth and the minimum water content of the sludge, a filter cloth cleaning device is arranged below the sludge inlet; the device comprises a cam motor, a link mechanism and high-pressure nozzles, wherein the cam motor is connected with the high-pressure nozzles through the link mechanism, the bottom of each high-pressure nozzle is hinged to the link mechanism, the middle of each high-pressure nozzle is hinged to a hinge shaft, and the cam motor drives the link mechanism to realize the swinging work of the high-pressure nozzles around the hinge shaft within a certain angle range, so that the filter belt is ensured to be cleaned without dead angles in the width direction.
The negative plate is made of a stainless steel plate with the thickness larger than 6mm, so that the electrode corrosion caused by contact with sludge is prevented while the electric conductivity is ensured, and the service life of the negative plate can be effectively prolonged; utilize laser cutting a plurality of round holes on the negative plate, guarantee that the moisture that mud takes off in time sees through the negative plate and gets into the filtrate groove.
The anode plate is made of a titanium alloy material, the surface of the anode plate is coated with a protective coating, so that the corrosion resistance of the contact surface of the anode plate and sludge is further enhanced while good electrical conductivity is ensured, and the anode plate is ensured to have enough durability and long service life. Moreover, the anode plate is made of a thin plate through bending, so that the weight is light and the strength is high.
The anode plate, the cathode plate and the conveying chain are in a bolt connection structure, can be quickly installed and disassembled, and can be used as a quick-wear part of the whole machine, so that the replacement time can be effectively saved, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.
In view of safety, the contact parts of all the anode plates, the cathode plates and the chains are provided with non-metal insulating parts, the insulating parts are made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene materials, and the stability of the structure is guaranteed while insulation is achieved.
The spacing between the plurality of anode plates is larger than the spacing between the plurality of cathode plates; the preferred scheme is as follows: the spacing between the plurality of anode plates is twice the spacing between the plurality of cathode plates.
The second roller group and the second sprocket group are coaxially arranged, and the number of the second roller group is smaller than that of the second sprocket group; the arrangement mode of the first chain wheel group and the first roller group is the same as the arrangement mode of the second roller group and the second chain wheel group.
A crawler belt type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering method comprises the steps that a driving unit drives a cathode crawler belt assembly to operate, the cathode crawler belt assembly drives an anode crawler belt assembly to operate through a synchronous chain wheel, sludge is evenly laid on filter cloth through a sludge distribution device, and mechanical extrusion on the sludge and the filter cloth is achieved by adjusting the relative position of the anode crawler belt assembly and the cathode crawler belt assembly; simultaneously, the cathode crawler assembly and the anode crawler assembly are used for carrying out electrophoresis and electroosmosis treatment on the sludge, and the sludge is deeply dehydrated by utilizing the resistance heat superposition effect generated by the cathode crawler assembly and the anode crawler assembly, so that the effect of less than 40 percent of sludge moisture content can be realized, the subsequent sludge landfill or incineration treatment is facilitated, and the resource utilization of aerobic fermentation, compost and the like is realized.
A driving motor of the sludge distribution device drives a sludge distribution roller to rotate, irregular sludge is flattened and is brought into a subsequent electroosmosis working area, the upper and lower positions of the sludge distribution roller are adjustable at two ends of the sludge distribution roller through sliding bearing seats, and the thickness of sludge at an inlet is adjusted timely; an electromagnetic induction switch is arranged on the device, the stroke of the cylinder 24 is accurately controlled, and the mud distributing thickness of the mud distributing roller is controlled; the cylinder is also provided with a pressure sensor, and when the load of the distributing roller is increased due to the accumulation of a large amount of sludge at the inlet, the pressure sensor is triggered to alarm; the driving motor matched with the sludge distribution device adopts variable frequency speed regulation, the rotating speed of the sludge distribution roller is timely adjusted, and the volume of the sludge at the inlet can be quantitatively controlled; the air cylinder is provided with a position sensor which is interlocked with a frequency converter of the driving motor, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically increased when the thickness of the inlet sludge is less than a set value, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically reduced when the thickness of the inlet sludge is greater than the set value, the current rotating speed can be maintained until the thickness of the inlet sludge is equal to the set value, and automatic control and unattended operation can be realized.
In order to improve the regeneration function of the filter cloth and ensure the continuous water filtering function of the filter cloth and the minimum water content of the sludge, a filter cloth cleaning device is arranged below the sludge inlet, and a cam motor drives a link mechanism to realize the swinging work of a high-pressure nozzle within a certain angle range, thereby ensuring that the filter belt is cleaned without dead angles in the width direction.
The driving unit is used for driving the motors of the cathode crawler and the anode crawler to operate by adopting variable frequency speed regulation, the operation speed of the cathode plate and the anode plate can be timely regulated, and the sludge yield and the sludge water content index can be regulated and controlled to be optimal in matching.
The rack adopts a totally-enclosed structure, the four side surfaces of the rack are provided with protective covers, and organic glass windows are arranged on the protective covers to observe the internal operation condition. The frame is provided with an odor collecting cover which can collect odor in sludge and vapor generated by evaporation and carry out subsequent odor purification treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention provides a crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dehydrator, which is characterized in that the crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dehydrator utilizes multiple superposition effects of electrophoresis, electroosmosis, mechanical extrusion and resistance heat, sludge is deeply dehydrated under the condition of not adding any medicament to the sludge, the effect of lower sludge moisture content is realized while relatively lower energy consumption is consumed, the sludge treatment efficiency is high, the equipment structure is relatively simple, the manufacturing cost is relatively lower, and the crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dehydrator is easier to popularize; (2) the invention relates to an electroosmosis dehydrator, which aims at solving the problems that the existing electroosmosis dehydrator can cause electrode breakdown due to the fact that sludge contains metal substances, so that equipment stops swinging and is difficult to maintain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an anode track assembly and a cathode track assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an anode power supply configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sludge distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a mud distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a filter cloth cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a protective cover and odor collection cover in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of a shroud and odor collection cover in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a driving unit 2, an anode crawler assembly 3, a cathode crawler assembly 4, an odor collecting cover 5, a mud distributing device 6, a filter cloth cleaning device 7, a filter cloth deviation correcting device 8, a filter cloth tensioning device 9, a mud scraping device 10, a driving unit motor speed reducer 11, a synchronous sprocket 12, an anode plate 13, an anode insulating block 14, an anode chain group 15, a roller group I16, a sprocket group II 17, a cathode chain group 18, a cathode plate 19, a cathode insulating block 20, an electric brush 21, a power supply guide rail 22, a mud distributing roller 23, an air cylinder 24, a sliding bearing seat 25, a cam motor 26, a connecting rod mechanism 27, a high-pressure nozzle 28, a shield 29, an odor collecting cover 30, an observation window 31, a roller group II 32, a sprocket group I33, a compensating spring 34 and a hinge shaft 35.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A track type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering device comprises an anode track assembly 3 and a cathode track assembly 4 which are matched with each other, wherein the cathode track assembly 4 is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent cathode plates 19 into a closed loop structure, each cathode plate 19 is respectively connected with a cathode insulating block 20 through a bolt, the cathode insulating block 20 is connected with a cathode chain group 18 through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel group II 17 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cathode chain group 18, the chain wheel group II 17 drives the cathode chain group 18 and the cathode plates 19 on a chain to do circular motion, and a plurality of roller group II 32 are arranged in the closed loop structure to serve as supports for the motion of the cathode plates 19, the cathode insulating blocks 20 and the cathode chain group 18, so that a cathode track for conveying sludge is formed; the anode crawler assembly 3 is a closed loop structure formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent anode plates 13, each anode plate 13 is respectively connected with an anode insulating block 14 through a bolt, the anode insulating block 14 is connected with an anode chain group 15 through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel groups I33 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the anode chain group 15, the chain wheel groups I33 drive the anode chain group 15 and the anode plates 13 on the chain to do annular motion, and meanwhile, a plurality of roller groups I16 are arranged in the closed loop structure to serve as supports for the anode plates 13, the anode insulating blocks 14 and the anode chain group 15 to move; the anode crawler belt assembly 3 and the cathode crawler belt assembly 4 realize synchronous operation through a synchronous chain wheel 12, and a working channel for electroosmotic dehydration of sludge is formed between the anode crawler belt assembly and the cathode crawler belt assembly.
The anode crawler belt assembly 3 and the cathode crawler belt assembly 4 are arranged on the frame 1, and the frame 1 is provided with a driving unit 2, an odor collecting cover 5, a mud distributing device 6, a filter cloth flushing device 7, a filter cloth correcting device 8, a filter cloth tensioning device 9 and a mud scraping device 10; the driving unit drives the cathode crawler belt assembly to operate through a chain wheel chain by a motor reducer, and the cathode crawler belt assembly drives the anode crawler belt assembly to operate through a synchronous chain wheel; the sludge distribution device 6 controls sludge to be evenly and flatly distributed on the filter belt, a filter cloth tensioning device and a filter cloth deviation correcting device are arranged below the cathode crawler assembly, and the filter cloth tensioning device and the filter cloth deviation correcting device are connected with the frame; the frame advances mud end below and is equipped with filter cloth belt cleaning device, the frame goes out mud end and is equipped with the mud scraping device, four sides of frame set up guard shield and foul smell collection cover respectively with the higher authority, prevent that the foul smell from spilling over, can effectively improve operational environment.
And a pneumatic control system is arranged below the filter cloth cleaning device and is used for respectively controlling the cylinder actions of the mud distributing device, the filter cloth tensioning device and the filter cloth deviation correcting device. And a power supply device is arranged above the rack and is respectively connected with a power supply and a cathode and anode electrode power supply guide rail through cables, and an electric brush arranged on the cathode plate and the anode plate is in contact with the power supply guide rail to supply power to the cathode crawler assembly and the anode crawler assembly.
One side of the anode plate and one side of the cathode plate in the length direction are respectively provided with an electric brush 21 and a power supply guide rail 22 which have the same structure; taking the anode plate 13 side as an example: the electric brush 21 is arranged on the anode plate 13, and the electric brush 21 is in matching contact with the power supply guide rail 22; the cable is connected with a binding post on the power supply guide rail 22 to supply power to the power supply guide rail 22, so that an electric field required by sludge electroosmosis is formed; the brush 21 is provided with a compensation spring 34 which automatically compensates for manufacturing and mounting errors of the power supply rail 22 to ensure that the brush 21 and the power supply rail 22 are always in full contact. The electric brush 21 on one side of the anode plate and the cathode plate is contacted with the power supply guide rail 22, the electric brush 21 is a unit for providing current for the cathode and the anode, and the electric brush is made of copper alloy in order to ensure sufficient and stable conductivity.
The first important innovation point of the invention is as follows: as the anode plate and the cathode plate are in direct contact with the sludge, metal substances are inevitably mixed in the sludge, and the electrodes are in contact with metal to cause short circuit and even break down the electrodes. According to the invention, each anode plate is connected with an electric brush to be contacted with a power supply guide rail, each anode plate is independent, and a plurality of anode plates are arranged in parallel, so that when sludge contains metal substances, only one anode plate corresponding to the region is short-circuited or broken down, the work of other anode plates is not influenced, and the anode plates are replaced when the device is stopped for maintenance. The cathode plate also adopts the same structure.
The second important innovation point of the invention is as follows: in order to better control the sludge to be evenly and flatly arranged on the filter belt, a sludge distributing device 6 is arranged below the feeding hole; the sludge distribution device consists of a driving motor, a sludge distribution roller 23 and a pneumatic adjusting device, wherein two ends of a roller shaft of the sludge distribution roller 23 are arranged on a sliding bearing seat 25, the sliding bearing seat 25 is connected with an air cylinder 24 to form the adjusting device, the height of the sliding bearing seat 25 can be adjusted through the air cylinder 24, the driving motor of the sludge distribution device 6 drives the sludge distribution roller to rotate and flatten irregular sludge and bring the irregular sludge into a subsequent electroosmosis working area, the upper and lower positions of the sludge distribution roller are adjustable through the sliding bearing seat at two ends of the sludge distribution roller 23, and the thickness of inlet sludge is adjusted at proper time; an electromagnetic induction switch is arranged on the cylinder 24, the stroke of the cylinder 24 is accurately controlled, and the mud distributing thickness of the mud distributing roller is controlled; the cylinder is also provided with a pressure sensor, and when the load of the distributing roller is increased due to the accumulation of a large amount of sludge at the inlet, the pressure sensor is triggered to alarm; the driving motor matched with the sludge distribution device adopts variable frequency speed regulation, the rotating speed of the sludge distribution roller is timely adjusted, and the volume of the sludge at the inlet can be quantitatively controlled; the air cylinder is provided with a position sensor which is interlocked with a frequency converter of the driving motor, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically increased when the thickness of the sludge at the inlet is less than a set value, and the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically reduced when the thickness of the sludge at the inlet is greater than the set value until the current rotating speed is maintained when the thickness of the sludge at the inlet is equal to the set value.
The third important innovation point of the invention is as follows: in order to improve the regeneration function of the filter cloth and ensure the continuous water filtering function of the filter cloth and the minimum water content of the sludge, a filter cloth cleaning device is arranged below the sludge inlet; the device comprises cam motor 26, link mechanism 27 and high pressure nozzle 28, and cam motor 26 passes through link mechanism 27 and is connected with a plurality of high pressure nozzle 28, and the bottom of every high pressure nozzle 28 is articulated with link mechanism 27, and the middle part of high pressure nozzle 28 articulates on hinge 35, and cam motor drives link mechanism realizes that high pressure nozzle 28 is around hinge 35 swing work in certain angle range, guarantees that the filter belt width direction does not have the dead angle and washs.
The cathode plate 19 is made of a stainless steel plate with the thickness larger than 6mm, so that the electrode corrosion caused by contact with sludge is prevented while the electric conductivity is ensured, and the service life of the cathode plate can be effectively prolonged; a plurality of long holes are cut on the negative plate 19 by laser, so that moisture removed by sludge can timely penetrate through the negative plate and enter a filtrate tank.
The anode plate is made of a titanium alloy material, the surface of the anode plate is coated with a protective coating, so that the corrosion resistance of the contact surface of the anode plate and sludge is further enhanced while good electrical conductivity is ensured, and the anode plate is ensured to have enough durability and long service life. Moreover, the anode plate is made of a thin plate through bending, so that the weight is light and the strength is high.
The anode plate, the cathode plate and the conveying chain are in a bolt connection structure, can be quickly installed and disassembled, and can be used as a quick-wear part of the whole machine, so that the replacement time can be effectively saved, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.
In view of safety, the contact parts of all the anode plates, the cathode plates and the chains are provided with non-metal insulating parts, the insulating parts are made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene materials, and the stability of the structure is guaranteed while insulation is achieved.
The spacing between a plurality of the anode plates 13 is larger than the spacing between a plurality of the cathode plates 19; the preferred scheme is as follows: the spacing between the plurality of anode plates 13 is twice the spacing between the plurality of cathode plates 19.
The second roller groups 32 and the second sprocket group 17 are coaxially arranged, and the number of the second roller groups 32 is smaller than that of the second sprocket group 17; the arrangement of the first chain wheel group 33 and the first roller group 16 is the same as the arrangement of the second roller group 32 and the second chain wheel group 17.
A crawler-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering method comprises the steps that a driving unit drives a cathode crawler assembly to operate, the cathode crawler assembly drives an anode crawler assembly to operate through a synchronous chain wheel, sludge is uniformly laid on filter cloth through a sludge distribution device, and mechanical extrusion of the sludge and the filter cloth is achieved by adjusting the relative positions of the anode crawler assembly and the cathode crawler assembly; simultaneously, the cathode crawler assembly and the anode crawler assembly are used for carrying out electrophoresis and electroosmosis treatment on the sludge, and the sludge is deeply dehydrated by utilizing the resistance heat superposition effect generated by the cathode crawler assembly and the anode crawler assembly, so that the effect of less than 40 percent of sludge moisture content can be realized, the subsequent sludge landfill or incineration treatment is facilitated, and the resource utilization of aerobic fermentation, compost and the like is realized.
A driving motor of the sludge distribution device 6 drives a sludge distribution roller to rotate, irregular sludge is flattened and is brought into a subsequent electroosmosis working area, the upper and lower positions of the sludge distribution roller are adjustable at two ends of the sludge distribution roller 23 through sliding bearing seats, and the thickness of inlet sludge is adjusted timely; an electromagnetic induction switch is arranged on the cylinder 24, the stroke of the cylinder 24 is accurately controlled, and the mud distributing thickness of the mud distributing roller is controlled; the cylinder is also provided with a pressure sensor, and when the load of the distributing roller is increased due to the accumulation of a large amount of sludge at the inlet, the pressure sensor is triggered to alarm; the driving motor matched with the sludge distribution device adopts variable frequency speed regulation, the rotating speed of the sludge distribution roller is timely adjusted, and the volume of the sludge at the inlet can be quantitatively controlled; the air cylinder is provided with a position sensor which is interlocked with a frequency converter of the driving motor, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically increased when the thickness of the inlet sludge is less than a set value, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically reduced when the thickness of the inlet sludge is greater than the set value, the current rotating speed can be maintained until the thickness of the inlet sludge is equal to the set value, and automatic control and unattended operation can be realized.
In order to improve the regeneration function of the filter cloth and ensure the continuous water filtering function of the filter cloth and the minimum water content of the sludge, a filter cloth cleaning device is arranged below the sludge inlet, and a cam motor drives a link mechanism to realize the swinging work of a high-pressure nozzle within a certain angle range, thereby ensuring that the filter belt is cleaned without dead angles in the width direction.
The driving unit is used for driving the motors of the cathode crawler and the anode crawler to operate by adopting variable frequency speed regulation, the operation speed of the cathode plate and the anode plate can be timely regulated, and the sludge yield and the sludge water content index can be regulated and controlled to be optimal in matching.
The machine frame 1 adopts a fully-closed structure, the four side surfaces of the machine frame are provided with protective covers, and organic glass windows are arranged on the protective covers to observe the internal operation condition. The frame is provided with an odor collecting cover which can collect odor in sludge and vapor generated by evaporation and carry out subsequent odor purification treatment.
In the embodiment, referring to fig. 1-4, a track-type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering device comprises a frame 1, a driving unit 2, an anode track assembly 3, a cathode track assembly 4, an odor collecting cover 5, a sludge distributing device 6, a filter cloth flushing device 7, a filter cloth rectifying device 8, a filter cloth tensioning device 9 and a sludge scraping device 10. The driving unit 2 is directly connected with a motor reducer 11 to drive a cathode crawler belt assembly 4 to operate, the cathode crawler belt assembly 4 drives an anode crawler belt assembly 3 to operate through a synchronous chain wheel 12, sludge is evenly paved on the filter cloth through a sludge distributing device 6, and the relative positions of the anode crawler belt assembly 3 and the cathode crawler belt assembly 4 are adjusted to realize mechanical extrusion of the sludge and the filter cloth. And a filter cloth tensioning device 9 and a filter cloth deviation correcting device 8 are arranged below the cathode crawler assembly 4, and the filter cloth tensioning device 9 and the filter cloth deviation correcting device 8 are connected with the frame 1. The filter cloth cleaning device 7 is arranged below the mud inlet end of the frame 1, the mud outlet end of the frame 1 is provided with the mud scraping device 10, the four side faces and the upper face of the frame 1 are respectively provided with the protective cover and the odor collecting cover 5, so that odor is prevented from overflowing, and the working environment can be effectively improved.
The cathode crawler assembly 4 is a closed loop structure formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent cathode plates 19, each cathode plate 19 is respectively connected with a cathode insulating block 20 through a bolt, the cathode insulating block 20 is connected with a cathode chain group 18 through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel groups 17 are uniformly arranged along the length direction to drive the cathode chain group 18 and the cathode plate 19 on the chain to move, and a plurality of roller groups 16 are arranged to serve as supports for the movement of the cathode plate 19, the cathode insulating block 20 and the cathode chain group 18, so that the cathode crawler assembly for conveying sludge is formed.
The anode crawler assembly 3 is sequentially arranged into a closed loop structure by a plurality of independent anode plates 13, each anode plate 13 is respectively connected with an anode insulating block 14 through a bolt, the anode insulating block 14 is connected with an anode chain group 15 through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel groups 17 are uniformly arranged along the length direction to drive the anode chain group 15 and the anode plates 13 on the chain to move, a plurality of roller groups 16 are simultaneously arranged to serve as supports for the anode plates 13, the anode insulating block 14 and the anode chain group 15 to move, the anode crawler assembly 3 and the cathode crawler assembly 4 realize synchronous operation through a synchronous chain wheel 12, and a working channel for sludge electroosmosis dehydration is formed between the anode crawler assembly 3 and the cathode crawler assembly 4.
Referring to fig. 5, each anode plate 13 is provided with a brush 21 and is always in contact with a power supply guide rail 22, and the brush 21 has an automatic compensation function and can compensate the manufacturing and installation errors of the guide rail so as to ensure that the brush is always in full contact with the guide rail.
Referring to the attached drawings 6 and 7, the sludge distribution device is composed of a driving motor, a sludge distribution roller 23, an air cylinder 24 and a sliding bearing seat 25, the driving motor drives the sludge distribution roller 23 to rotate, irregular sludge is flattened and brought into a subsequent electroosmosis working area, the upper and lower positions of the sludge distribution roller are adjustable by connecting the two ends of the sludge distribution roller 23 with the sliding bearing seat 25 through the air cylinder 24, and therefore the thickness of inlet sludge can be adjusted timely.
Referring to fig. 8, the filter cloth cleaning device is composed of a cam motor 26, a link mechanism 27 and a high-pressure nozzle 28, wherein the cam motor 26 drives the link mechanism 27 to realize the swinging operation of the high-pressure nozzle 28 within a certain angle range, so that the filter belt is cleaned without dead angles in the width direction.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the rack is of a totally enclosed structure, the four side surfaces of the rack are provided with protective covers 29, and organic glass windows are arranged on the protective covers 29 to observe the internal operation conditions. An odor collecting cover 30 is arranged on the frame and can collect odor in sludge and water vapor generated by evaporation and carry out subsequent odor purification treatment.
Claims (3)
1. A track type efficient continuous electroosmosis sludge dewatering method is carried out by adopting a dewatering device which comprises an anode track assembly (3) and a cathode track assembly (4) which are matched with each other, the cathode track assembly (4) is sequentially arranged into a closed loop structure by a plurality of cathode plates (19) which are independent from each other, each cathode plate (19) is respectively connected with a cathode insulating block (20) through a bolt, the cathode insulating block (20) is connected with a cathode chain set (18) through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel set II (17) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cathode chain set (18), the chain wheel set II (17) drives the cathode chain set (18) and the cathode plates (19) on a chain to do annular motion, and a plurality of roller set II (32) are arranged in the closed loop structure to serve as supports for the motion of the cathode plates (19), the cathode insulating blocks (20) and the cathode chain set (18), thereby forming a cathode crawler belt for conveying the sludge; the anode crawler assembly (3) is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of independent anode plates (13) into a closed loop structure, each anode plate (13) is respectively connected with an anode insulating block (14) through a bolt, the anode insulating block (14) is connected with an anode chain group (15) through a bolt, a plurality of chain wheel group I (33) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the anode chain group (15), the chain wheel group I (33) drives the anode chain group (15) and the anode plates (13) on the chain to do annular motion, and meanwhile, a plurality of roller group I (16) are arranged in the closed loop structure and are used as supports for the motion of the anode plates (13), the anode insulating blocks (14) and the anode chain group (15); the anode crawler belt assembly (3) and the cathode crawler belt assembly (4) realize synchronous operation through a synchronous chain wheel (12), and a working channel for electroosmotic dehydration of sludge is formed between the anode crawler belt assembly and the cathode crawler belt assembly;
the anode crawler assembly (3) and the cathode crawler assembly (4) are arranged on the rack (1), and the rack (1) is provided with a driving unit (2), an odor collecting cover (5), a sludge distributing device (6), a filter cloth flushing device (7), a filter cloth correcting device (8), a filter cloth tensioning device (9) and a sludge scraping device (10); the driving unit drives the cathode crawler belt assembly to operate through a chain wheel chain by a motor reducer, and the cathode crawler belt assembly drives the anode crawler belt assembly to operate through a synchronous chain wheel; the sludge distributing device (6) controls sludge to be evenly and flatly distributed on the filter belt, a filter cloth tensioning device and a filter cloth deviation correcting device are arranged below the cathode crawler assembly, and the filter cloth tensioning device and the filter cloth deviation correcting device are connected with the frame; a filter cloth cleaning device is arranged below the mud inlet end of the rack, a mud scraping device is arranged at the mud outlet end of the rack, and a protective cover and an odor collecting cover are respectively arranged on the four side surfaces and the upper surface of the rack;
one side of the anode plate and one side of the cathode plate in the length direction are respectively provided with an electric brush (21) and a power supply guide rail (22) which have the same structure; the electric brush (21) is arranged on the anode plate (13), and the electric brush (21) is in matching contact with the power supply guide rail (22); the cable is connected with a binding post on the power supply guide rail (22) to supply power to the power supply guide rail (22), so that an electric field required by sludge electroosmosis is formed; the electric brush (21) is provided with a compensation spring (34) which automatically compensates the manufacturing and installation errors of the power supply guide rail (22) so as to ensure that the electric brush (21) is always in full contact with the power supply guide rail (22);
the sludge distribution device comprises a driving motor, a sludge distribution roller (23) and a pneumatic adjusting device, wherein two ends of a roller shaft of the sludge distribution roller (23) are arranged on a sliding bearing seat (25), the sliding bearing seat (25) is connected with an air cylinder (24) to form the adjusting device, the height of the sliding bearing seat (25) is adjusted through the air cylinder (24), the driving motor drives the sludge distribution roller to rotate, irregular sludge is flattened and is brought into a subsequent electroosmosis working area, and the upper and lower positions of the sludge distribution roller are adjustable through the sliding bearing seat at two ends of the sludge distribution roller (23), so that the thickness of sludge entering the inlet is adjusted timely;
the method is characterized in that: the driving unit drives the cathode crawler assembly to operate, the cathode crawler assembly drives the anode crawler assembly to operate through the synchronous chain wheel, sludge is uniformly laid on the filter cloth through the sludge distribution device (6), and mechanical extrusion on the sludge and the filter cloth is realized by adjusting the relative positions of the anode crawler assembly and the cathode crawler assembly; meanwhile, the sludge is subjected to electrophoresis and electroosmosis treatment through the cathode crawler belt assembly and the anode crawler belt assembly, and deep dehydration is performed on the sludge by utilizing the resistance heat superposition effect generated by the cathode crawler belt assembly and the anode crawler belt assembly;
each anode plate is connected with an electric brush to be contacted with the power supply guide rail, each anode plate is independent, the anode plates are arranged in parallel, when sludge contains metal substances, only one corresponding anode plate is short-circuited or punctured, the work of other anode plates is not influenced, and the anode plates are replaced when the machine is stopped for maintenance;
a driving motor of the sludge distribution device (6) drives a sludge distribution roller to rotate and flatten irregular sludge and bring the irregular sludge into a subsequent electroosmosis working area, the upper and lower positions of the sludge distribution roller are adjustable at two ends of the sludge distribution roller (23) through sliding bearing seats, and the thickness of inlet sludge is adjusted at proper time; an electromagnetic induction switch is arranged on the air cylinder (24), the stroke of the air cylinder (24) is accurately controlled, and the mud distributing thickness of the mud distributing roller is controlled; the cylinder is also provided with a pressure sensor, and when the load of the distributing roller is increased due to the accumulation of a large amount of sludge at the inlet, the pressure sensor is triggered to alarm; the driving motor matched with the sludge distribution device adopts variable frequency speed regulation, the rotating speed of the sludge distribution roller is timely adjusted, and the volume of the sludge at the inlet can be quantitatively controlled; the air cylinder is provided with a position sensor which is interlocked with a frequency converter of the driving motor, the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically increased when the thickness of the sludge at the inlet is less than a set value, and the rotating speed of the sludge distributing roller is automatically reduced when the thickness of the sludge at the inlet is greater than the set value until the current rotating speed is maintained when the thickness of the sludge at the inlet is equal to the set value.
2. The track-type efficient continuous electro-osmotic sludge dewatering method according to claim 1, wherein: the filter cloth cleaning device is composed of a cam motor (26), a link mechanism (27) and high-pressure nozzles (28), wherein the cam motor (26) is connected with the high-pressure nozzles (28) through the link mechanism (27), the bottom of each high-pressure nozzle (28) is hinged to the link mechanism (27), the middle of each high-pressure nozzle (28) is hinged to a hinge shaft (35), and the cam motor drives the link mechanism to realize swinging work of the high-pressure nozzles (28) around the hinge shaft (35).
3. The efficient continuous electro-osmotic crawler-type sludge dewatering method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cathode plate (19) is made of a stainless steel plate with the thickness larger than 6 mm; a plurality of round holes are cut on the negative plate (19) by laser, so that moisture removed by sludge can timely penetrate through the negative plate and enter a filtrate tank; the anode plate is made of a titanium alloy material, and the surface of the anode plate is coated with a protective coating.
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