CN113245530A - Vacuum continuous smelting casting method for copper alloy - Google Patents
Vacuum continuous smelting casting method for copper alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113245530A CN113245530A CN202110380708.4A CN202110380708A CN113245530A CN 113245530 A CN113245530 A CN 113245530A CN 202110380708 A CN202110380708 A CN 202110380708A CN 113245530 A CN113245530 A CN 113245530A
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000776 Common brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/064—Cooling the ingot moulds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum continuous smelting and casting method of copper alloy, which comprises the following steps: the vacuum continuous smelting furnace comprises a vacuum smelting chamber, a continuous feeding chamber, a vacuum casting chamber, a vacuumizing device, an electromagnetic generator and a circulating cooling device, wherein a crucible for smelting is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber, a smelting thermocouple for heating is arranged on the side surface of the crucible, and the continuous feeding chamber is positioned at the upper part of the vacuum smelting chamber and the vacuum casting chamber is positioned below the vacuum smelting chamber. The continuous feeding, continuous smelting and continuous ingot casting are realized by arranging the vacuum smelting chamber, the continuous feeding chamber, the vacuum casting chamber, the vacuumizing device, the electromagnetic generator and the circulating cooling device, the vacuum smelting chamber is specially used for alloy smelting and can ensure uniform components, the vacuum casting chamber is specially used for casting and can ensure stable casting process, and the melt can be degassed and refined by vacuum degree adjustment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy casting, in particular to a vacuum continuous smelting and casting method for copper alloy.
Background
The brass alloy is an alloy consisting of copper and zinc, and is divided into grades of brass alloys such as H62, H65, H68, H70, H85, H90 and the like according to the specific gravity of copper in the alloy, and the brass alloy has good mechanical property, processing property and corrosion resistance, and a part of the brass alloy also has higher conductivity, cutting property and wear resistance, so the brass alloy is the most widely used material in the copper alloy.
The brass alloy smelting process is a key ring for determining the distribution of alloy elements, gas content, slag inclusion volume fraction and final mechanical property, and the accurate control of tapping temperature and whether the temperature field in the melt is uniform or not are very important for preparing the ingot with qualified quality. Since the zinc element is the most important additive element in common brass alloy, and the melting point is only 419.6 ℃, the boiling point is also only 907 ℃, and the melting point is very low compared with the melting point 1084 ℃ of pure copper, the zinc element can boil and evaporate in the high-temperature smelting and heat preservation process, and can be oxidized in the air, which is the common fire spraying phenomenon. Since the volatilization of zinc can facilitate the removal of various gases (H2, O2) from the alloy melt, the flaming has become the main process means for degassing, deslagging and refining all high-zinc brass. In addition, for a certain brass alloy, the flaming temperature is determined, so that the high-zinc brass can be judged whether the tapping pouring temperature is reached or not according to the flaming degree and the flaming frequency
At present, in the traditional copper alloy casting process, due to the fact that metal elements are added, manual stirring is needed, labor intensity is high, the zinc elements are unevenly distributed in an alloy melt, accordingly, the flaming phenomenon is uneven, and continuous production of continuous feeding, continuous smelting and continuous casting cannot be achieved. Therefore, a new technical solution needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a copper alloy vacuum continuous smelting and casting method, which solves the problems that at present, in the traditional copper alloy casting process, due to the addition of metal elements, manual stirring is needed, the labor intensity is high, the distribution of zinc elements in an alloy melt is uneven, the flaming phenomenon is uneven, and continuous production of continuous feeding, continuous smelting and continuous casting cannot be achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a vacuum continuous smelting and casting method of copper alloy comprises the following steps: the vacuum continuous smelting furnace comprises a vacuum smelting chamber, a continuous feeding chamber, a vacuum casting chamber, a vacuumizing device, an electromagnetic generator and a circulating cooling device, wherein a crucible for smelting is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber, a smelting thermocouple for heating is arranged on the side face of the crucible, the continuous feeding chamber is positioned at the upper part of the vacuum smelting chamber, the vacuum casting chamber is positioned below the vacuum smelting chamber, and the vacuumizing device is connected with the vacuum smelting chamber and the vacuum casting chamber through pipelines.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic generator includes a first electromagnetic generator and a second electromagnetic generator, the first electromagnetic generator being located at the bottom of the vacuum melting chamber and the second electromagnetic generator being located at a side of the vacuum melting chamber.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the vacuum melting furnace is provided with a heat-resistant layer for heat insulation and the first and second electromagnetic generators are located inside the heat-resistant layer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum continuous melting and casting method for copper alloy comprises the steps of:
step 1: loading the copper alloy into a crucible of a vacuum smelting furnace through a continuous feeding chamber, then moving a smelting thermocouple positioned on the side surface of the crucible to enable the copper alloy to be positioned in the middle of a coil of the smelting thermocouple, vacuumizing through a vacuumizing device, starting a power supply to heat so that the copper alloy is completely melted and refined to obtain a copper alloy melt;
step 2: in the smelting process, the first electromagnetic generator generates vertical convection for the alloy melt in the smelting furnace, and the second electromagnetic generator generates horizontal convection for the alloy melt in the smelting furnace;
and step 3: continuously extracting vacuum in the heating process to further extract water vapor possibly brought by the raw materials, filling inert gas into the vacuum smelting furnace after the vacuum degree requirement is met, and not stopping heating in the process;
and 4, step 4: after the metal in the crucible is melted into liquid, inserting a melting thermocouple into the melt in the melting crucible to measure the temperature of the melt;
and 5: when the heating temperature reaches the preset requirement, the heating power supply is turned off, and the alloy solution is poured into the diversion trench through the tilting device and flows into the mold in the vacuum casting chamber;
step 6: starting a circulating cooling device, wherein the circulating cooling device is positioned outside the mold of the vacuum casting chamber, the cooling efficiency of the mold is accelerated through the circulating cooling device, the production effect is improved, and the copper alloy body is obtained after cooling;
and 7: and (5) repeating the steps 1-6 to realize continuous processing operation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the inert gas filled in step 3 is: 0.75MPa to 1.0 MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smelting heating power in step 1 is: 5kW to 10kW, and the refining time is 1min to 5 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes continuous feeding, continuous smelting and continuous ingot casting by arranging the vacuum smelting chamber, the continuous feeding chamber, the vacuum casting chamber, the vacuumizing device, the electromagnetic generator and the circulating cooling device, wherein the vacuum smelting chamber is specially used for alloy smelting and can ensure uniform components, the vacuum casting chamber is specially used for casting and can ensure stable casting process, the melt can be degassed and refined by adjusting the vacuum degree, meanwhile, the circulating cooling device is arranged, the forming efficiency of the ingot casting is increased, the arrangement of the electromagnetic generator can diversify the flow direction of the alloy melt in the smelting furnace, thereby reducing the temperature gradient of the alloy melt, promoting the metal elements to be more uniformly distributed in the alloy melt and further improving the quality of the ingot casting.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a vacuum continuous smelting and casting method of copper alloy comprises the following steps: the vacuum continuous smelting furnace comprises a vacuum smelting chamber, a continuous feeding chamber, a vacuum casting chamber, a vacuumizing device, an electromagnetic generator and a circulating cooling device, wherein a crucible for smelting is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber, a smelting thermocouple for heating is arranged on the side surface of the crucible, the continuous feeding chamber is positioned at the upper part of the vacuum smelting chamber, the vacuum casting chamber is positioned below the vacuum smelting chamber, the vacuumizing device is connected with the vacuum smelting chamber and the vacuum casting chamber through a pipeline, the vacuum smelting chamber, the continuous feeding chamber, the vacuum casting chamber, the vacuumizing device, the electromagnetic generator and the circulating cooling device are arranged to realize continuous feeding, continuous smelting and continuous ingot casting, the vacuum smelting chamber is specially used for alloy smelting, the components are ensured to be uniform, the vacuum casting chamber is specially used for casting, and the casting process is ensured to be stable, the melt can be degassed and refined through vacuum degree adjustment, and meanwhile, the circulating cooling device is arranged, so that the forming efficiency of the cast ingot is increased.
In a further improvement, the electromagnetic generator comprises a first electromagnetic generator and a second electromagnetic generator, the first electromagnetic generator is positioned at the bottom of the vacuum melting chamber, the second electromagnetic generator is positioned on the side surface of the vacuum melting chamber, and the arrangement of the electromagnetic generators can diversify the flow direction of the alloy melt in the melting chamber, so that the temperature gradient of the alloy melt is reduced, metal elements can be more uniformly distributed in the alloy melt, and the quality of the cast ingot is further improved.
In a further improvement, the inner wall of the vacuum smelting furnace is provided with a heat-resistant layer for heat insulation, the first electromagnetic generator and the second electromagnetic generator are positioned in the heat-resistant layer, and the heat-resistant layer can block temperature transfer but does not influence the power output of the electromagnetic generator.
In a further improvement, the copper alloy vacuum continuous melting casting method comprises the following steps:
step 1: loading the copper alloy into a crucible of a vacuum smelting furnace through a continuous feeding chamber, then moving a smelting thermocouple positioned on the side surface of the crucible to enable the copper alloy to be positioned in the middle of a coil of the smelting thermocouple, vacuumizing through a vacuumizing device, starting a power supply to heat so that the copper alloy is completely melted and refined to obtain a copper alloy melt;
step 2: in the smelting process, the first electromagnetic generator generates vertical convection for the alloy melt in the smelting furnace, and the second electromagnetic generator generates horizontal convection for the alloy melt in the smelting furnace;
and step 3: continuously extracting vacuum in the heating process to further extract water vapor possibly brought by the raw materials, filling inert gas into the vacuum smelting furnace after the vacuum degree requirement is met, and not stopping heating in the process;
and 4, step 4: after the metal in the crucible is melted into liquid, inserting a melting thermocouple into the melt in the melting crucible to measure the temperature of the melt;
and 5: when the heating temperature reaches the preset requirement, the heating power supply is turned off, and the alloy solution is poured into the diversion trench through the tilting device and flows into the mold in the vacuum casting chamber;
step 6: starting a circulating cooling device, wherein the circulating cooling device is positioned outside the mold of the vacuum casting chamber, the cooling efficiency of the mold is accelerated through the circulating cooling device, the production effect is improved, and the copper alloy body is obtained after cooling;
and 7: and (5) repeating the steps 1-6 to realize continuous processing operation.
In a further improvement, the pressure of the inert gas filled in the step 3 is as follows: 0.85 MPa.
In a further improvement, the smelting heating power of the step 1 is as follows: 8kW, refining time 3 min.
The invention realizes continuous feeding, continuous smelting and continuous ingot casting by arranging the vacuum smelting chamber, the continuous feeding chamber, the vacuum casting chamber, the vacuumizing device, the electromagnetic generator and the circulating cooling device, wherein the vacuum smelting chamber is specially used for alloy smelting and can ensure uniform components, the vacuum casting chamber is specially used for casting and can ensure stable casting process, the melt can be degassed and refined by adjusting the vacuum degree, meanwhile, the circulating cooling device is arranged, the forming efficiency of the ingot casting is increased, the arrangement of the electromagnetic generator can diversify the flow direction of the alloy melt in the smelting furnace, thereby reducing the temperature gradient of the alloy melt, promoting the metal elements to be more uniformly distributed in the alloy melt and further improving the quality of the ingot casting.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A vacuum continuous smelting and casting method for copper alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the vacuum continuous smelting furnace comprises a vacuum smelting chamber, a continuous feeding chamber, a vacuum casting chamber, a vacuumizing device, an electromagnetic generator and a circulating cooling device, wherein a crucible for smelting is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber, a smelting thermocouple for heating is arranged on the side face of the crucible, the continuous feeding chamber is positioned at the upper part of the vacuum smelting chamber, the vacuum casting chamber is positioned below the vacuum smelting chamber, and the vacuumizing device is connected with the vacuum smelting chamber and the vacuum casting chamber through pipelines.
2. The vacuum continuous melting and casting method for copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic generator comprises a first electromagnetic generator and a second electromagnetic generator, wherein the first electromagnetic generator is positioned at the bottom of the vacuum smelting chamber, and the second electromagnetic generator is positioned on the side surface of the vacuum smelting chamber.
3. The vacuum continuous melting and casting method for copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the vacuum smelting furnace is provided with a heat-resistant layer for heat insulation, and the first electromagnetic generator and the second electromagnetic generator are located inside the heat-resistant layer.
4. The vacuum continuous melting and casting method for copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vacuum continuous smelting and casting method of the copper alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: loading the copper alloy into a crucible of a vacuum smelting furnace through a continuous feeding chamber, then moving a smelting thermocouple positioned on the side surface of the crucible to enable the copper alloy to be positioned in the middle of a coil of the smelting thermocouple, vacuumizing through a vacuumizing device, starting a power supply to heat so that the copper alloy is completely melted and refined to obtain a copper alloy melt;
step 2: in the smelting process, the first electromagnetic generator generates vertical convection for the alloy melt in the smelting furnace, and the second electromagnetic generator generates horizontal convection for the alloy melt in the smelting furnace;
and step 3: continuously extracting vacuum in the heating process to further extract water vapor possibly brought by the raw materials, filling inert gas into the vacuum smelting furnace after the vacuum degree requirement is met, and not stopping heating in the process;
and 4, step 4: after the metal in the crucible is melted into liquid, inserting a melting thermocouple into the melt in the melting crucible to measure the temperature of the melt;
and 5: when the heating temperature reaches the preset requirement, the heating power supply is turned off, and the alloy solution is poured into the diversion trench through the tilting device and flows into the mold in the vacuum casting chamber;
step 6: starting a circulating cooling device, wherein the circulating cooling device is positioned outside the mold of the vacuum casting chamber, the cooling efficiency of the mold is accelerated through the circulating cooling device, the production effect is improved, and the copper alloy body is obtained after cooling;
and 7: and (5) repeating the steps 1-6 to realize continuous processing operation.
5. The vacuum continuous melting and casting method for copper alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: the pressure of the inert gas filled in the step 3 is as follows: 0.75MPa to 1.0 MPa.
6. The vacuum continuous melting and casting method for copper alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: the smelting heating power of the step 1 is as follows: 5kW to 10kW, and the refining time is 1min to 5 min.
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CN202110380708.4A CN113245530A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Vacuum continuous smelting casting method for copper alloy |
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CN202110380708.4A CN113245530A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Vacuum continuous smelting casting method for copper alloy |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115418510A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-02 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for preparing copper alloy plate easy to oxidize in vacuum |
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CN107855495A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-03-30 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of melt electromagnetic agitation formula low-pressure casting apparatus and casting method |
CN108480599A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-04 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of novel evacuated absorbing and casting device and method |
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2021
- 2021-04-09 CN CN202110380708.4A patent/CN113245530A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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CN105603209A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-05-25 | 东北大学 | Blowing-type induction melting furnace |
US20170341139A1 (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2017-11-30 | Callaway Golf Company | Unit Cell Titanium Casting |
CN106756074A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏海金非晶科技有限公司 | Vacuum induction melting furnace and vacuum induction melting system |
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CN115418510A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-02 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for preparing copper alloy plate easy to oxidize in vacuum |
CN115418510B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-09-19 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for preparing copper alloy plate easy to oxidize in vacuum |
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Effective date of registration: 20220228 Address after: 221400 111 Beijing West Road, Xinyi Economic Development Zone, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Applicant after: JIANGSU JINGYI ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE CO.,LTD. Address before: No. 111-1, Beijing West Road, Xinyi Economic Development Zone, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221400 Applicant before: Jiangsu Keyan special metal material Co.,Ltd. |
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