CN113244851A - Planetary gear isometric extrusion gear type granulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses planetary gear isochoric extrusion gear formula granulator relates to granulation mechanical equipment technical field, including ring mould and compression roller, the ring mould includes the ring mould body, and the ring mould body is the tubular structure, and the inside wall of ring mould body is provided with the internal tooth. The radial link up of ring mould has seted up the nib, and the compression roller includes the compression roller body, and the compression roller body is the cylinder structure, and the fixed external tooth that matches each other with the internal tooth that is provided with in periphery of compression roller body, compression roller and ring mould intermeshing. The gear meshing is line contact, the contact surface is small, and the generated friction force is small, so that unnecessary friction loss can be reduced. In addition, tooth's socket material volume is relatively stable, the too much phenomenon of material can not appear, and the compression of each time all is the ration compression simultaneously, and the product compression ratio is stable, and product hardness is even, and product quality is stable, and motor load and equipment operate steadily, avoid causing the loss because of the too big heating of pressure, and it is through ingenious institutional advancement, can greatly reduced energy consumption, improve the life of device.

Description

Planetary gear isometric extrusion gear type granulator

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of powder raw material granulation mechanical equipment, in particular to a planetary gear isometric extrusion gear type granulator.

Background

The granulator is a device for extruding powdery materials into granules, and is mainly applied to the fields of feed industry and fertilizer industry. At present, a ring die roller granulator and a flat die roller granulator which are conventionally used at home and abroad are two main roller type granulation devices in the feed industry and the fertilizer industry, but in the actual production, the difference of the use effect is large due to different raw materials and formulas of various industries. The traditional ring die granulator drives a driven compression roller in a ring die chamber through a rotary ring die, and materials entering the chamber are extruded out of a ring die from a die hole on the inner circle of the ring die to form granules, so that granulation is realized. The pelletizer in this way has a relatively high power consumption and is prone to clogging due to the following reasons: (1) die roll gap: reasonable die roll clearance has direct influence on production efficiency, particle hardness, and abrasion of a ring die and a press roll. Over-tight, large output, loose particles, difficult machine blockage and quick abrasion; the product is too loose, the yield is small, the particles are hard, and the machine is easy to block; (2) opening rate of the ring die: the ring die is easy to break due to insufficient strength caused by excessively high aperture ratio; (3) excessive abrasion of the ring die and the compression roller; (4) the material all has certain moisture usually, the material is extruded by driven compression roller at ring die cavity inner wall, because be gapped between the nib on the ring die cavity inner wall, because these clearances do not have the place of crowding the material, produce a large amount of heats when leading to driven compression roller and material to extrude, not only done a lot of idle work and caused extravagant energy, still lead to the material to pile up easily and glue together, can further increase the resistance and lead to the energy consumption to increase, in addition, this kind of structure feeding just causes the plug machine to park a little unevenly, the material thermohardening in the ring die hole, start often because of the nib blocks up and can not granulate, consequently need frequently clear up, cause the cost of labor to rise. (5) The compression roller of the ring die flat die compression roller type granulator has different biting angles for different materials, the requirement for granulating the materials can be higher due to the continuous change of the gap between the die rollers in the production process, and the adaptability is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a planetary gear isometric extrusion gear type granulator comprises a ring die and a compression roller, wherein the ring die comprises a ring die body, the ring die body is of a cylindrical structure, and inner teeth are arranged on the inner side wall of the ring die body; the whole ring die structure is an internal gear structure, namely, internal teeth are arranged in a ring body.

A die hole is formed in the ring die in a radial through manner; the die holes are densely distributed on the periphery of the ring die and are used for extruding materials as the die holes in the prior art have the same functions.

The compression roller comprises a compression roller body, the compression roller body is of a cylindrical structure, and outer teeth matched with the inner teeth are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the compression roller body;

the compression roller is meshed with the ring die. When the compression roller and the ring die are meshed with each other and rotate relatively, the material in the inner cavity of the ring die is extruded into the inner teeth and the outer teeth, and the die holes are formed in the ring die in a radial through mode, so that the material is extruded out of the die holes under the action of the inner teeth and the outer teeth. The gear meshing is line contact, the contact surface is small, and the generated friction force is small, so that unnecessary friction loss can be reduced. In addition, tooth's socket material volume is relatively stable, the too much phenomenon of material can not appear, and the compression of each time all is the ration compression simultaneously, and the product compression ratio is stable, and product hardness is even, and product quality is stable, and motor load and equipment operate steadily to avoid causing the loss because of the too big heating of pressure. Meanwhile, the granulator performs quantitative forced compression, extrusion and granulation, has low requirements on materials and has wide granulation application range.

Preferably, the die hole is located at the tooth crest of the internal teeth and the tooth trough bottom between two adjacent internal teeth. The die holes are arranged at the tooth tops and the tooth bottoms of the inner teeth and are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the die holes. Such design can reduce internal tooth and external tooth and lead to the thing resistance increase and then lead to the energy consumption to increase or even influence extrusion because of the material increases gradually at the rotation in-process: in the extrusion process, the contact part of the internal teeth and the external teeth forms independent extrusion spaces by the tooth grooves and the teeth, the extrusion spaces are relatively sealed, materials can not enter the extrusion spaces (from two ends of the tooth grooves), and the materials cannot enter the extrusion spaces from the beginning of meshing, so that the phenomenon that more materials are stacked and more materials are more easily heated is avoided. In addition, because tooth's socket itself is exactly a confined space, the material of the inside can only be extruded from the nib of seting up, consequently extrude efficiency very high, extrude very totally, do not exist because of extrude the too big phenomenon that leads to the material adhesion to need the shut down clearance of pressure, solved among the prior art always exist but the jam problem that can't solve.

Preferably, the press roll is provided with a plurality of press rolls, and the plurality of press rolls are rotatably arranged on the press roll bracket;

the compression roller bracket is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft in a penetrating way;

the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a driving wheel, and the driving wheel is in transmission connection with a power device. The number of the press rolls can be one, two, three or more, the main purpose is to improve the extrusion efficiency, and the specific number is determined according to the power of the power device, the size of the device and the required yield. The transmission by means of a rotating shaft is one of the ways in which the press roll can be interconnected with the output shaft of the power unit in special cases. But here the use of a rotating shaft connection can reduce the difficulty of assembly and facilitate maintenance.

Preferably, the number of the press rollers is three, and the three press rollers are arranged on the press roller bracket at an included angle of 120 degrees. The structure is similar to the form of a planetary gear, and has stable structure and highest efficiency. Through practical tests, the structure saves more than 60 percent of energy compared with a granulator with the same type.

Preferably, an outer shell is further provided, and the outer shell is of a cylindrical structure;

the ring die, the compression roller bracket and the rotating shaft are arranged in the outer shell;

the top end of the outer shell is open and is used for placing materials;

the periphery of shell body has seted up the discharge gate, the ring mould with the ring mould corresponds each other. The function of setting up the shell body is support and protection ring mould, compression roller support and axis of rotation, prevents to cause the accident when rotating.

Preferably, the bottom end of the ring die body is provided with a flange, and the flange is arranged at the bottom side of the ring die body in a surrounding manner;

the flange is provided with a flange fixing hole;

the inner cavity wall of the outer shell is fixedly provided with a shell inner support;

the flange is fixedly connected with the shell in a supporting mode.

Preferably, a bearing is further fixedly arranged in the outer shell, and the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged in the bearing in a penetrating manner.

Preferably, a frame is further provided, and the outer shell and the power device are fixedly arranged on the frame. The frame adopts welding such as square pipe, steel sheet and channel-section steel to form, and the totality is hollow frame construction, can reduce overall structure's weight like this, fixes shell body and power device through the bolt on several frames, the dismouting of being convenient for, fixed and guarantee the stability of during operation or finely tune.

Preferably, the power plant comprises an electric motor and a driving pulley;

the driving wheel is a driven belt pulley, and the driving belt pulley is rotatably connected with the driven belt pulley through a belt. The belt transmission is a mature transmission technology, has a simple structure, is convenient to install and low in cost, and is very suitable for application.

Preferably, the compression roller body is of a hollow cylinder structure, a compression roller bearing is arranged in a cavity of the compression roller body, a compression roller shaft penetrates through the compression roller bearing, and one end of the compression roller shaft is fixedly connected with the compression roller support. Because the compression roller is the main rotating part, in order to improve its working life, adopt the bearing to assemble, it is more stable like this and the life-span is longer.

This application makes the structure that the nib was seted up to the periphery of an internal gear structure with the ring mould on current ring mould granulator's basis, and the compression roller sets to external gear structure, and compression roller and ring mould can intermeshing be similar to the structure of planetary gear. Because the ring die is radially perforated with the die hole, the material is extruded out of the die hole under the action of the inner teeth and the outer teeth. The gear meshing is line contact, the contact surface is small, and the generated friction force is small, so that unnecessary friction loss can be reduced. Both sides of the tooth socket are not closed, if the material is too much, the material can be discharged from both sides of the tooth socket, and the material pressure in the tooth socket can be automatically adjusted, so that the loss caused by too large heating of the pressure is avoided. In addition, the die hole is arranged at the tooth tops of the inner teeth and the bottoms of the tooth grooves, in the process of extruding materials, the contact parts of the inner teeth and the outer teeth form independent extrusion spaces by the tooth grooves and the teeth, the extrusion spaces are relatively sealed, materials can not enter the extrusion holes (enter the two ends of the tooth grooves) and do not enter the extrusion holes from the beginning of meshing, and therefore the phenomenon that more materials are extruded and more materials are accumulated and more materials are heated more easily is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another perspective view of an embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the ring die, the pressing roller and the rotating shaft in the embodiment provided by the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a ring die in an embodiment provided herein;

fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of fig. 4.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to fig. 1 to 5 of the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact of the first and second features, or may comprise contact of the first and second features not directly but through another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

As shown in figure 3, the planetary gear isometric extrusion gear type granulator can be improved on the basis of the existing ring mould granulator and comprises a ring mould 1 and a compression roller 2, wherein the ring mould 1 comprises a ring mould body 10, and the ring mould body 10 is of a hollow cylindrical structure. The inner side wall of the ring die body 10 is uniformly and fixedly provided with inner teeth 100, the length direction of the inner teeth 100 is parallel to the axis of the ring die body 10, and the whole ring die 1 is an inner gear (inner gear ring) structure, namely, the inner teeth are arranged in a ring body.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a die hole 11 is formed in the ring die 1 in a radially penetrating manner, and the die hole 11 is densely distributed on the periphery of the ring die 1 and is used for extruding materials as well as the function of the die hole in the prior art.

As shown in fig. 3, the pressure roller 2 includes a pressure roller body 20, the pressure roller body 20 is a cylindrical structure, and outer teeth 200 matched with the inner teeth 100 are fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the pressure roller body 20. Preferably, the compression roller body 20 can be made into a hollow cylinder structure, a compression roller bearing is arranged in the cavity of the compression roller body, a compression roller shaft penetrates through the compression roller bearing, and one end of the compression roller shaft is fixedly connected with the compression roller bracket 3. Since the press roll 2 is a main rotating part, in order to improve the service life thereof, a bearing is adopted for assembly, so that the stability is higher and the service life is longer. The press roll 2 is engaged with the ring die 1.

When in work, the circular mold granulator is driven to rotate by a power device like the existing circular mold granulator. When the compression roller 2 and the ring die 1 are mutually meshed and relatively rotate, materials in the inner cavity of the ring die are extruded into the inner teeth 100 and the outer teeth 200, the die holes 11 are formed in the ring die 1 in a radial through mode, and the materials are extruded out of the die holes 11 under the action of the inner teeth and the outer teeth, so that the purpose of granulation is achieved. Since the gear engagement is a line contact, the contact area is small, and the generated friction force is small, thereby reducing unnecessary friction loss. In addition, tooth's socket material volume is relatively stable, the too much phenomenon of material can not appear, and the compression of each time all is the ration compression simultaneously, and the product compression ratio is stable, and product hardness is even, and product quality is stable, and motor load and equipment operate steadily to avoid causing the loss because of the too big heating of pressure. Meanwhile, the granulator performs quantitative forced compression, extrusion and granulation, has low requirements on materials and has wide granulation application range.

In one embodiment, in order to make the structure simpler, the ring die is fixedly arranged, does not rotate without power, and is rotated by the compression roller (2), which is just opposite to the prior art, although the rotating parts are different, the structures of the ring die and the compression roller are not changed, and granulation is realized in a gear meshing extrusion mode.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the die holes 11 are located at the tooth tips of the internal teeth 100 and at the tooth bottom between two adjacent internal teeth 100. The die holes 11 are formed at the top and bottom of the internal teeth 100 and are uniformly distributed along the length direction thereof. Such design can reduce internal tooth and external tooth and lead to the thing resistance increase and then lead to the energy consumption to increase or even influence extrusion because of the material increases gradually at the rotation in-process: in the extrusion process, the contact part of the internal teeth and the external teeth forms independent extrusion spaces by the tooth grooves and the teeth, the extrusion spaces are relatively sealed, materials can not enter the extrusion spaces (from two ends of the tooth grooves), and the materials cannot enter the extrusion spaces from the beginning of meshing, so that the phenomenon that more materials are stacked and more materials are more easily heated is avoided. In addition, because tooth's socket itself is exactly a confined space, the material of the inside can only be extruded from the nib of seting up, consequently extrude efficiency very high, extrude very totally, do not exist because of extrude the too big phenomenon that leads to the material adhesion to need the shut down clearance of pressure, solved among the prior art always exist but the jam problem that can't solve.

In one embodiment, a plurality of compression rollers 2 are provided, the plurality of compression rollers 2 are rotatably arranged on a compression roller bracket 3, the compression roller bracket 3 is arranged at one end of a rotating shaft 4 in a penetrating manner, the other end of the rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected with a driving wheel 5, and the driving wheel 5 is in driving connection with a power device 6. The number of the press rolls 2 can be one, two, three or more, and the main purpose is to improve the extrusion efficiency, and the specific number is determined according to the power of the power device, the size of the device and the required yield. The transmission via the rotating shaft 4 is one of the ways in which the pressure roller 2 can be interconnected with the output shaft of the power unit in special cases. But here the use of a rotating shaft 4 connection can reduce the difficulty of assembly and facilitate maintenance.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the press rolls 2 are provided in three, and the three press rolls 2 are spaced from each other at an angle of 120 ° on the press roll frame 3. The structure is similar to the form of a planetary gear, and has stable structure and highest efficiency. Through practical tests, the structure saves more than 50% of energy compared with a granulator of the same type.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an outer shell 7 is further provided, and the outer shell 7 is a multi-section separable cylindrical structure, so that the processing and the assembly are convenient. Wherein the ring die 1, the compression roller 2, the compression roller bracket 3 and the rotating shaft 4 are arranged in the outer shell 7. The top end of the outer shell 7 is open and is used for placing materials. The periphery of the outer shell 7 is provided with a discharge port 70, and the ring die 1 corresponds to the ring die 1. The outer shell 7 is arranged to support and protect the ring die 1, the compression roller 2, the compression roller bracket 3 and the rotating shaft 4, so that accidents are prevented from being caused during rotation. The bottom end of the ring die body 10 is provided with a flange 102, the flange 102 is annularly arranged on the bottom side of the ring die body 10, a flange fixing hole is formed in the flange 102, an inner cavity wall of the outer shell 7 is fixedly provided with an inner shell support 71, and the flange 102 is fixedly connected with the inner shell support 71 through the flange fixing hole and a bolt.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, in order to ensure stability during rotation, a bearing 72 is further fixedly disposed in the outer housing 7, and the rotating shaft 4 is fixedly inserted into the bearing 72.

Besides, a frame 8 can be arranged, and an outer shell 7 and a power device 6 are fixedly arranged on the frame 8. Frame 8 adopts welding such as square pipe, steel sheet and channel-section steel to form, and the totality is hollow frame construction, can reduce overall structure's weight like this, fixes shell body 7 and power device 6 through the bolt on several framves, the dismouting of being convenient for, fixed and guarantee the during operation stable or fine setting.

The power device 6 comprises a motor and a driving pulley 60, the driving wheel 5 is a driven pulley, and the driving pulley 60 and the driven pulley are rotationally connected through a belt. The belt transmission is a mature transmission technology, has a simple structure, is convenient to install and low in cost, and is very suitable for application.

During operation, the power device 6 mainly comprises a motor driving a driving belt pulley 60 to rotate, the driving belt pulley 60 drives a driving wheel 5 in the form of a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, and the driving wheel 5 drives a rotating shaft 4 and a compression roller bracket 3 to rotate. When the compression roller support 3 rotates, the compression roller 2 on the compression roller support also rotates, materials are arranged in the ring die 1 due to the fact that the compression roller 2 is meshed with the ring die 1, the materials are separated by the teeth and the tooth grooves between the compression roller 2 and the ring die 1 and are extruded, and finally granulation is completed after extrusion from the die hole 11. This application makes the periphery of an internal gear structure with the ring mould and offers the structure in nib on the basis of current ring mould granulator, and compression roller 2 sets to external gear structure, and compression roller 2 and ring mould 1 can intermeshing be similar to the structure of planetary gear. As the ring die 1 is provided with the die hole 11 in a radial through manner, materials are extruded out of the die hole 11 under the action of the internal teeth and the external teeth. The gear meshing is line contact, the contact surface is small, and the generated friction force is small, so that unnecessary friction loss can be reduced. In addition, tooth's socket material volume is relatively stable, the too much phenomenon of material can not appear, and the compression of each time all is the ration compression simultaneously, and the product compression ratio is stable, and product hardness is even, and product quality is stable, and motor load and equipment operate steadily to avoid causing the loss because of the too big heating of pressure. In addition, the die hole 11 is arranged at the tooth top and the tooth bottom of the internal tooth 100, in the process of extruding materials, the contact part of the internal tooth and the external tooth is formed by the tooth socket and the tooth to form independent extrusion spaces, the extrusion spaces are relatively sealed, materials can not enter the extrusion spaces (enter from two ends of the tooth socket) and do not enter the extrusion spaces from the beginning of meshing, and therefore the phenomenon that more materials are extruded, more materials are accumulated and more materials are heated more easily is avoided.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a planetary gear isochoric extrusion gear formula granulator, includes ring mould (1) and compression roller (2), its characterized in that:

the ring die (1) comprises a ring die body (10), the ring die body (10) is of a cylindrical structure, and internal teeth (100) are arranged on the inner side wall of the ring die body (10);

a die hole (11) is formed in the ring die (1) in a radial through mode;

the compression roller (2) comprises a compression roller body (20), the compression roller body (20) is of a cylindrical structure, and outer teeth (200) matched with the inner teeth (100) are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the compression roller body (20);

the compression roller (2) is meshed with the ring die (1).

2. A planetary gear isovolumetric extrusion gear-type pelletizer as claimed in claim 1, in which:

the die holes (11) are located at the tooth tops of the internal teeth (100) and at the tooth bottom between every two adjacent internal teeth (100).

3. A planetary gear isovolumetric extrusion gear-type pelletizer as claimed in claim 2, in which:

the number of the compression rollers (2) is multiple, and the plurality of the compression rollers (2) can be rotatably arranged on the compression roller bracket (3);

the compression roller bracket (3) is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (4) in a penetrating way;

the other end of the rotating shaft (4) is fixedly connected with a driving wheel (5), and the driving wheel (5) is in transmission connection with a power device (6).

4. A planetary gear isovolumetric extrusion gear-type pelletizer as claimed in claim 3, in which:

the three press rollers (2) are arranged, and the three press rollers (2) are arranged on the press roller bracket (3) at intervals of 120 degrees.

5. A planetary gear isovolumetric extrusion gear-type pelletizer as claimed in claim 4, in which:

the device is also provided with an outer shell (7), wherein the outer shell (7) is of a cylindrical structure;

the ring die (1), the compression roller (2), the compression roller bracket (3) and the rotating shaft (4) are arranged in the outer shell (7);

the top end of the outer shell (7) is open and is used for placing materials;

the periphery of the outer shell (7) is provided with a discharge hole (70), and the ring die (1) corresponds to the ring die (1).

6. A planetary gear isovolumetric extrusion gear-type pelletizer as claimed in claim 5, in which:

a flange (102) is arranged at the bottom end of the ring die body (10), and the flange (102) is annularly arranged at the bottom side of the ring die body (10);

the flange (102) is provided with a flange fixing hole;

a shell inner support (71) is fixedly arranged on the inner cavity wall of the outer shell (7);

the flange (102) is fixedly connected with the shell inner support (71).

7. A planetary gear isovolumetric extrusion gear-type pelletizer as claimed in claim 6, in which:

the bearing (72) is fixedly arranged in the outer shell (7), and the rotating shaft (4) is fixedly arranged in the bearing (72) in a penetrating manner.

8. A planetary gear isovolumetric extrusion gear-type pelletizer as claimed in claim 7, in which:

the power device is characterized by also comprising a rack (8), wherein the outer shell (7) and the power device (6) are fixedly arranged on the rack (8).

9. A planetary gear isometric extrusion gear type granulator according to any one of claims 3-8, characterized in that:

the power device (6) comprises a motor and a driving belt pulley (60);

the driving wheel (5) is a driven belt pulley, and the driving belt pulley (60) is rotatably connected with the driven belt pulley through a belt.

10. A planetary gear isometric extrusion gear type granulator according to any one of claims 3-8, characterized in that:

the compression roller comprises a compression roller body (20) and is characterized in that the compression roller body is of a hollow cylinder structure, a compression roller bearing is arranged in a cavity of the compression roller body, a compression roller shaft penetrates through the compression roller bearing, and one end of the compression roller shaft is fixedly connected with a compression roller support (3).

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