CN113243389A - Synthesis and application method of foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice - Google Patents

Synthesis and application method of foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice Download PDF

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CN113243389A
CN113243389A CN202110536896.5A CN202110536896A CN113243389A CN 113243389 A CN113243389 A CN 113243389A CN 202110536896 A CN202110536896 A CN 202110536896A CN 113243389 A CN113243389 A CN 113243389A
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rice
cadmium
blocking agent
accumulation
indica
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CN113243389B (en
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汪承润
储昭霞
盖停停
缪国鹏
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Huainan Normal University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A01N37/04Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof polybasic
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds

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Abstract

The invention discloses a synthesis and application method of a leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice, which comprises the following steps: step 1: synthesizing an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron sodium salt solution: 2.00g of ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate and 2.00g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were weighed and dissolved in 200ml of ddH respectively2And O, and mixing uniformly. Step 2: 3.00g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate is added, and the mixture is dissolved in water bath at 60 ℃. And step 3: adding 3.00g of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate and assisting in dissolving in water bath at 60 DEG C. And 4, step 4: 3.00g of succinic acid is added, and the volume is up to 1000ml after the dissolution is assisted by a water bath at 60 ℃. After the solution is diluted by 20 times, 30 liters of the solution is sprayed on each mu of rice. The invention sprays the dilute solution of the zinc-iron-EDTA-silicon-succinic acid complex to the rice stem and leaf at the final stage of rice jointing, can enhance the self detoxification capability of the rice, inhibit the migration and accumulation of cadmium from the stem and leaf to grains, and reduce the cadmium pollution of the rice.

Description

Synthesis and application method of foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and treatment of cadmium pollution of indica type rice and japonica rice, in particular to a synthesis and application method of a leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing the cadmium content of indica type rice and japonica rice grains.
Background
The rice has strong absorption and accumulation capacity to cadmium, so that the cadmium content of the rice is extremely easy to exceed the standard, and the health hazard of the rice has attracted wide attention of the whole society. Therefore, the method for actively exploring the method for preventing and controlling the cadmium pollution of the rice has important social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit. In recent years, the prevention and control of the migration and accumulation of toxic metals or metalloids to crops and food chains by using the foliar physiological blocking agent has become a new direction for the prevention and control research of the heavy metal pollution in farmlands in China. The physiological barrier agent for the leaf surface regulates the physiological process related to the cadmium accumulation of the rice, inhibits the absorption, transportation and accumulation of harmful elements such as the cadmium and the like of the rice, and improves the detoxification capability of the rice, thereby reducing the cadmium content of the rice. Silicon and zinc play an important role in reducing cadmium accumulation of rice, but silicate and zinc salt are mixed to form precipitate easily and are not easy to be absorbed by the leaf surfaces of rice. The invention firstly synthesizes FeNa2EDTA, the complex is used for dissolving zinc sulfate, and then sodium metasilicate and succinic acid are added, so that the solubility of the mixed solution and the adhesion of the mixed solution to rice leaf surfaces are improved. The experiment results of pot culture and field prove that the inhibiting effect of the foliar fertilizer on the rice cadmium accumulation can be obviously enhanced by adding a proper amount of succinic acid. The foliar fertilizer is suitable for the non-point source pollution prevention and control of low and medium cadmium polluted rice fields, and can also promote the yield increase of rice. The technical parameters are from the experimental results of pot experiments and cadmium-polluted rice fields. The foliar fertilizer has simple synthesis and spraying methods, is suitable for reducing the cadmium content in indica rice and japonica rice seeds, has low price and obvious effect, and is easy to popularize in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a synthesis and application method of a leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing accumulation of cadmium in indica type rice and japonica rice based on the technical problems in the process of planting food safe rice reaching the standard in low and medium cadmium-polluted rice fields.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a synthetic method of a foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: synthesizing an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron sodium salt solution: 2.00g of ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate and 2.00g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were weighed and dissolved in 200ml of ddH respectively2And O, and mixing uniformly.
Step 2: 3.00g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate is added, and the mixture is dissolved in water bath at 60 ℃.
And step 3: 3.00g of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate is added, and the water bath at 60 ℃ is used for assisting the dissolution.
And 4, step 4: 3.00g of succinic acid is added, and the volume is up to 1000ml after the dissolution is assisted by a water bath at 60 ℃.
Preferably, the method for synthesizing and applying the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the cadmium accumulation of the indica rice and the japonica rice comprises the step of spraying 30 liters of the foliar blocking agent per mu of rice after the solution is diluted by 20 times.
Preferably, the synthesis and application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice comprises the steps of respectively dissolving ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate and 2.00g of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate in 200ml of ddH2And O, water bath at 60 ℃ for assisting dissolution for more than 5 hours.
Preferably, the method for synthesizing and applying the leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of the cadmium in the indica rice and the japonica rice comprises the step 2 of performing water bath dissolution at 60 ℃ and stirring for more than 30 minutes.
Preferably, the method for synthesizing and applying the leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of cadmium in the indica rice and the japonica rice comprises the step 3 of carrying out water bath dissolution at 60 ℃ and stirring for more than 30 minutes.
Preferably, the method for synthesizing and applying the leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing the cadmium accumulation of the indica rice and the japonica rice comprises the step 3 of dialyzing for more than 2 times until the content of each heavy metal ion in the complexing solution is lower than 0.05mg/kg, so as to obtain the cadmium leaf surface blocking agent.
Preferably, the foliar blocking agent obtained in the above claim 1 has an effect of inhibiting the accumulation of cadmium in rice.
Preferably, the application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice comprises the following steps:
step 1: the diluted solution of leaf surface blocking agent of claim 1, which is sprayed 1 time every 1 week and continuously sprayed 3 times.
Step 2: the method comprises the steps of planting rice in cadmium-polluted soil, and arranging a control group and an experimental group, wherein the experimental group is sprayed with a leaf surface blocking agent according to claim 1, and the control group is sprayed with the same amount of deionized water.
And step 3: after the rice is mature, seeds, rice hulls, flag leaves, median leaves, inferior leaves, first internodes, second internodes and third internodes are respectively collected.
And 4, step 4: respectively using HNO to the above samples3:HClO4Digestion was performed 87:13(v: v) and the cadmium content was determined using ICP-MS.
And 5: analyzing the distribution change of cadmium in different tissues and organs of the rice plant to obtain the effect of the leaf surface blocking agent for preventing and controlling the migration and accumulation of cadmium to rice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the diluted solution of the zinc-iron-EDTA-silicon-succinic acid complex is sprayed to the rice stem and leaf at the final stage of rice jointing, so that the detoxification capability of the rice can be enhanced, the migration and accumulation of cadmium from the stem and leaf to grains can be inhibited, and the cadmium pollution of the rice can be reduced.
2. The technology avoids the limitation condition of indica rice and japonica rice variety difference on the preparation of the foliar blocking agent, can provide a convenient and efficient technology for reducing the cadmium content in indica rice or japonica rice grains, and is suitable for large-area prevention and control of cadmium non-point source pollution in the rice field.
3. The ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid ferric sodium salt can solve the problem that zinc sulfate and sodium sulfate are easy to form precipitate after being mixed, and the solubility of the mixed solution is obviously improved; the succinic acid can obviously enhance the migration and accumulation of cadmium accumulated in the foliage fertilizer to rice in the grouting period, accelerate tricarboxylic acid cycle of rice leaf histiocyte, enhance the detoxification capability of rice and be beneficial to increasing the yield of the rice.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the change of cadmium content in indica rice and japonica rice grains in the potting experiment of embodiment 1, which is a method for synthesizing and applying the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation in indica rice and japonica rice.
FIG. 2 shows the change of cadmium content in indica rice and japonica rice grains in a field test by using the synthesis and application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation in indica rice and japonica rice.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely analyzed with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that not all embodiments may be described.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a method for synthesizing a foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation in indica rice and japonica rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: synthesizing an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron sodium salt solution: 2.00g of ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate and 2.00g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were weighed and dissolved in 200ml of ddH respectively2And O, and mixing uniformly.
Step 2: 3.00g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate is added, and the mixture is dissolved in water bath at 60 ℃.
And step 3: 3.00g of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate is added, and the water bath at 60 ℃ is used for assisting the dissolution.
And 4, step 4: 3.00g of succinic acid is added, and the volume is up to 1000ml after the dissolution is assisted by a water bath at 60 ℃.
A method for synthesizing and applying a foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice is characterized in that 30 liters of the foliar blocking agent is sprayed on each mu of rice after the solution is diluted by 20 times.
A method for synthesizing and applying a leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice comprises dissolving ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate and 2.00g disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid in 200ml ddH respectively2And O, heating in water bath at 60 ℃ for more than 5 hours.
A method for synthesizing and applying a foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing accumulation of cadmium in indica type rice and japonica rice comprises the following steps of 2, carrying out water bath dissolution at 60 ℃, and stirring for more than 30 minutes.
A method for synthesizing and applying a foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing accumulation of cadmium in indica type rice and japonica rice comprises the following steps of 3, carrying out water bath dissolution at 60 ℃ and stirring for more than 30 minutes.
A method for synthesizing and applying a leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice comprises the step 3 of carrying out dialysis for more than 2 times until the content of each heavy metal ion in a complexing solution is lower than 0.05mg/kg, and obtaining the cadmium leaf surface blocking agent.
Preferably, the foliar blocking agent obtained in the above claim 1 has an effect of inhibiting the accumulation of cadmium in rice.
Preferably, the application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice comprises the following steps:
step 1: the diluted solution of leaf surface blocking agent of claim 1, which is sprayed 1 time every 1 week and continuously sprayed 3 times.
Step 2: the method comprises the steps of planting rice in cadmium-polluted soil, and arranging a control group and an experimental group, wherein the experimental group is sprayed with a leaf surface blocking agent according to claim 1, and the control group is sprayed with the same amount of deionized water.
And step 3: after the rice is mature, seeds, rice hulls, flag leaves, median leaves, inferior leaves, first internodes, second internodes and third internodes are respectively collected.
And 4, step 4: respectively using HNO to the above samples3:HClO4Digestion was performed 87:13(v: v) and the cadmium content was determined using ICP-MS.
And 5: analyzing the distribution change of cadmium in different tissues and organs of the rice plant to obtain the effect of the leaf surface blocking agent for preventing and controlling the migration and accumulation of cadmium to rice.
Example 1: the background value of cadmium in the experimental soil is 0.23mg/kg, the pH value is 7.2, and the cation exchange capacity is 17.01 +/-3.08 cmol/kg. The experimental groups were as follows:
(A) soil without adding exogenous Cd + only spraying ddH2O;
(B)3.0mg/kg Cd contaminated soil + only spraying ddH2O;
(C)3.0mg/kg Cd contaminated soil + spraying foliar fertilizer diluent (40 ×);
(D)3.0mg/kg Cd contaminated soil + spraying foliar fertilizer diluent (20 x);
(E)3.0mg/kg Cd contaminated soil + spraying foliar fertilizer diluent (10 x). Spraying the diluent from the end of jointing, wherein the diluent is sprayed for 1 time every 1 week and is continuously sprayed for 3 times. Each treatment group was planted with 3 pots of indica (Longjinyou 570) and 3 pots of japonica (Nanjing 9108). Culturing in open air from 5 middle of 2019 to 10 last of 2019 until the rice is ripe. And (3) measuring the cadmium content of the brown rice by using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The results of the potting experiment are shown in FIG. 1. Compared with the cadmium contaminated soil and water spraying treatment group, the cadmium content in the indica rice or japonica rice brown rice is in a decreasing trend along with the increasing of the concentration of the foliar fertilizer diluent, and the cadmium content of the two brown rice is remarkably reduced (p is less than 0.05) after 20 multiplied by foliar fertilizer diluent and 10 multiplied by foliar fertilizer diluent are sprayed.
Example 2: the pH value of the soil in the paddy field is 7.1, and the total cadmium content is 2.27 +/-0.41 mg/kg. 4 rice fields with similar areas are selected to carry out the following experiments:
test zone a: planting indica rice without spraying any reagent;
test zone B: planting indica rice, and spraying a cadmium leaf surface blocking agent diluent solution (20 x);
test zone C: planting japonica rice without spraying any reagent;
test zone D: planting japonica rice, spraying a cadmium leaf surface blocking agent diluent (20 x).
And (3) spraying the diluent from the end stage of jointing in each test area, wherein the diluent is sprayed for 1 time every 1 week and is continuously sprayed for 3 times. The growth period is from 5/late/2020 to 10/late/2020. ICP-MS is used for measuring the cadmium content of the brown rice, and the field experiment result is shown in figure 2. Compared with the group which is not sprayed with the same variety, after 20 times of dilution liquid of the cadmium leaf surface blocking agent is sprayed at the end of the jointing, the cadmium content in the indica rice and the japonica rice brown rice is obviously reduced (p is less than 0.05).
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in its entirety. Any person skilled in the art should be able to substitute or change the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A synthetic method of a leaf surface blocking agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: synthesizing an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron sodium salt solution: 2.00g of ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate and 2.00g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were weighed and dissolved in 200ml of ddH respectively2And O, and mixing uniformly.
Step 2: 3.00g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate is added, and the mixture is dissolved in water bath at 60 ℃.
And step 3: 3.00g of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate is added, and the water bath at 60 ℃ is used for assisting the dissolution.
And 4, step 4: 3.00g of succinic acid is added, and the volume is up to 1000ml after the dissolution is assisted by a water bath at 60 ℃.
2. The synthesis and application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice according to claim 1, wherein the solution is diluted by 20 times and sprayed by 30 liters per mu of rice.
3. The method for synthesizing and applying the foliar separation agent for efficiently reducing the cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice according to claim 1, wherein ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate and 2.00g of disodium edetate in claim 1 are respectively dissolved in 200ml of ddH2And O, heating in water bath at 60 ℃ for more than 5 hours.
4. The synthesis and application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of cadmium in indica type rice and japonica rice according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 in the claim 1 is carried out for water bath dissolution at 60 ℃ and stirring is carried out for more than 30 minutes.
5. The synthesis and application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of cadmium in indica type rice and japonica rice according to claim 1, wherein step 3 in claim 1 is carried out for water bath dissolution at 60 ℃ and stirring is carried out for more than 30 minutes.
6. The synthesis and application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the cadmium accumulation of indica rice and japonica rice according to claim 1, wherein the dialysis is performed for more than 2 times in step 3 of claim 1 until the content of each heavy metal ion in the complexing solution is less than 0.05mg/kg, so as to obtain the cadmium foliar blocking agent.
7. The method for applying the foliar separation agent for efficiently reducing cadmium accumulation in indica rice and japonica rice according to claim 1, wherein the foliar separation agent obtained in the claim 1 has the effect of inhibiting and controlling cadmium accumulation in rice.
8. The application method of the foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing the accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the diluted solution of leaf surface blocking agent of claim 1, which is sprayed 1 time every 1 week and continuously sprayed 3 times.
Step 2: the method comprises the steps of planting rice in cadmium-polluted soil, and arranging a control group and an experimental group, wherein the experimental group is sprayed with a leaf surface blocking agent according to claim 1, and the control group is sprayed with the same amount of deionized water.
And step 3: after the rice is mature, seeds, rice hulls, flag leaves, median leaves, inferior leaves, first internodes, second internodes and third internodes are respectively collected.
And 4, step 4: respectively using HNO to the above samples3:HClO4Digestion was performed 87:13(v: v) and the cadmium content was determined using ICP-MS.
And 5: analyzing the distribution change of cadmium in different tissues and organs of the rice plant to obtain the effect of the leaf surface blocking agent for preventing and controlling the migration and accumulation of cadmium to rice.
CN202110536896.5A 2021-05-17 2021-05-17 Synthesis and application method of foliar blocking agent for efficiently reducing accumulation of cadmium in indica rice and japonica rice Active CN113243389B (en)

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