CN113242015A - Differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on multi-winding flyback DC converter - Google Patents
Differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on multi-winding flyback DC converter Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The differential power optimization type DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on the multi-winding flyback DC converter is composed of 1 photovoltaic panel with n photovoltaic strings and 1 flyback DC converter with n secondary windings. The primary side of the flyback direct current converter is composed of a pair of half-bridge power switches, a clamping capacitor and a primary side winding, and the half-bridge power switches are conducted complementarily. The flyback transformer is designed by adopting a PCB type planar transformer, and the primary and secondary windings are wound in a segmented and staggered manner to effectively reduce the leakage inductance influence of the windings, improve the voltage-sharing control effect among photovoltaic strings, realize the effect of changing multi-peak output into single-peak output of the photovoltaic panel and keep the maximum power output. The control strategy of the power-balanced DMPPT circuit is composed of a power disturbance module and an output power comparison loop, and the voltage balance of each battery photovoltaic string port is controlled, so that the output effect of the differential power optimized DMPPT circuit is realized. The DMPPT photovoltaic cell module has the characteristics of simple circuit topology structure, small number of used power switching tubes, simple control circuit, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on a multi-winding flyback direct current converter, and belongs to the field of photovoltaic solar power generation.
Background
Currently, energy problems become key factors restricting the development of human society, and people pay more and more attention to the development and utilization of new energy, especially clean energy, in order to get rid of the extreme dependence on non-renewable resources, and the clean energy which can be utilized in a large scale at present comprises solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy and the like. Solar energy is used as a novel green energy, the tension state of conventional energy is greatly relieved, and photovoltaic power generation has become an important choice for developing distributed power generation systems in all countries in the world due to the advantages of cleanness, no pollution, abundant reserves, easiness in implementation and maintenance and the like. However, the photovoltaic power generation system often causes the power mismatch problem of the photovoltaic cell due to the defects of the photovoltaic cell, local shielding and dust fouling in the operation process, and the like. The power mismatch of the photovoltaic cell not only causes the serious loss of the output power of the photovoltaic cell, but also enables the output static characteristic curve of the photovoltaic array to present a multi-peak characteristic, thereby not only increasing the complexity of a maximum power point tracking algorithm, but also damaging the mismatched photovoltaic cell due to a hot spot effect.
In a conventional string-type and centralized photovoltaic power generation system, as shown in fig. 1, a method of connecting bypass diodes in parallel at two ends of a photovoltaic cell module is generally adopted to solve the problem of mismatch of a photovoltaic cell array. The method can prevent the generation of a hot spot effect, effectively protects the photovoltaic cell module, but mismatched photovoltaic cells do not output power and have low utilization rate. In order to reduce the power loss of the photovoltaic cell, a distributed architecture of micro inverters is studied, as shown in fig. 2, each photovoltaic cell module in the architecture is subjected to grid-connected power generation through an independent inverter, and although the architecture has the advantages of single-stage power conversion, flexible installation and the like, only photovoltaic panel-level MPPT is realized, and the problem of mismatch in a panel is not solved. In order to effectively solve the problem of mismatch in the photovoltaic panel, researchers have proposed a differential power optimization distributed architecture based on a plurality of two-port converters as shown in fig. 3, but as the number of photovoltaic strings increases, unmatched power needs to undergo multi-stage power conversion and is more in loss.
Therefore, the DMPPT photovoltaic cell module which is simple in structure, high in efficiency and low in cost is actively sought, and the DMPPT photovoltaic cell module has very important significance for a new energy power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on a multi-winding flyback direct current converter, which has the characteristics of simple circuit topological structure, high conversion efficiency, low cost, wide application prospect and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on a multi-winding flyback DC converter is characterized in that: the photovoltaic cell module is composed of 1 photovoltaic panel with n photovoltaic strings and 1 flyback DC converter with n secondary windings (n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2); the flyback direct current converter with the N secondary windings is characterized in that the primary side of the flyback direct current converter is composed of a pair of half-bridge power switches, a clamping capacitor and a primary side winding N, the flyback direct current converter comprises N input ports and 1 output port, N filter capacitors Ci1-Cin are sequentially connected in series at the input ends, each filter capacitor is connected with one photovoltaic in series-parallel, and the primary side winding N of the flyback converter and one half-bridge power switch tube are connected in series at the output end. The multi-winding flyback DC converter is characterized in that: the primary side of the flyback direct current converter is composed of a pair of half-bridge power switches, a clamping capacitor and a primary side winding N, the dotted end of the primary side winding N is connected with one end of the clamping capacitor and the positive electrode of the photovoltaic panel, the unlike end of the primary side winding N is connected with the VS1 source electrode and the VS2 drain electrode of the clamping switch, the VS1 drain electrode is connected with the other end of the clamping capacitor, and the VS2 source electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the photovoltaic panel; the input end of the flyback direct current converter is composed of n filter capacitors Ci1-Cin, n photovoltaic strings and n secondary windings, the n filter capacitors are sequentially connected in series, each filter capacitor is connected with one photovoltaic string in parallel, the homonymous end of each secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the filter capacitor, the synonym end of each secondary winding is connected with the anode of a diode, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the anode of the filter capacitor. The differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module is characterized in that: the flyback transformer in the multi-winding flyback DC converter is designed to adopt a PCB type planar transformer structure, and the primary and secondary windings are wound in a segmented and staggered mode to increase the voltage balance control effect among photovoltaic strings. A differential power optimization type DMPPT photovoltaic cell module control strategy based on a multi-winding flyback DC converter is characterized in that: the control strategy is composed of a power disturbance module and an output power comparison loop, wherein the power disturbance module changes the conduction duty ratio of a power switching tube VS1 in a forward direction or a reverse direction according to the output power error of the photovoltaic cell module, so that the maximum power output of the photovoltaic cell module is realized, the voltage balance of the photovoltaic string ports of each cell is promoted, and the differential power optimization type DMPPT output effect is achieved.
The invention provides a differential power optimization circuit structure based on a traditional differential power optimization circuit structure with a plurality of two-port converters, and adopts a multi-winding flyback direct current converter to replace the two-port converters, so that the output effect of the differential power optimization DMPPT photovoltaic cell module is realized. The maximum power output of the photovoltaic panel is realized by adjusting the conduction duty ratio of the half-bridge power switch tube, and the voltage-sharing control of the voltage of the photovoltaic string port is indirectly carried out at the same time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on a multi-winding flyback direct current converter, and also discloses a photovoltaic cell module maximum power output control strategy formed by a power disturbance module and an output power comparison loop. The photovoltaic cell module has the advantages of simple circuit topological structure, small number of used power switching tubes, simple control circuit and low cost, and meanwhile, when the power switching tubes VS1 are turned off and the power switching tubes VS2 are turned on, the circuit works in a similar forward converter working mode, so that voltage sharing among photovoltaic strings is facilitated; the flyback transformer of the photovoltaic cell module is designed by adopting a PCB (printed circuit board) type planar transformer, so that the size and the weight of the photovoltaic cell module are effectively reduced, the eddy current loss caused by the skin effect and the proximity effect during high-frequency work is reduced, the current density is increased, and meanwhile, the flyback transformer winds coils in a staggered mode in sections, so that the leakage inductance of primary and secondary coils is reduced, and the voltage sharing among photovoltaic strings is further promoted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a group string MPPT structure and a centralized MPPT structure.
Fig. 2 is a micro-inverter type DMPPT structure.
Fig. 3 is a differential power optimized DMPPT architecture based on multiple two-port converters.
Fig. 4 is a DMPPT circuit structure based on a multi-port DPP converter.
Fig. 5 is a differential power optimized DMPPT circuit topology of a multi-winding flyback dc converter.
Fig. 6 is a multi-winding (n is 3) flyback dc converter differential power optimized DMPPT circuit topology.
Fig. 7 shows a first operating mode of a multi-winding (n is 3) flyback dc converter differential power optimized DMPPT circuit.
Fig. 8 shows a second operating mode of a multi-winding (n is 3) flyback dc converter differential power optimized DMPPT circuit.
Fig. 9 is a control strategy block diagram of a differential power optimized DMPPT circuit of a multi-winding flyback dc converter.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of an overall circuit of a differential power optimized DMPPT system of a multi-winding flyback dc converter.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will now be described in further detail by way of specific examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The differential power optimization type DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on the multi-winding flyback direct current converter is characterized in that a circuit topology is shown in figure 5: the photovoltaic cell module is composed of 1 photovoltaic panel with n photovoltaic strings and 1 flyback DC converter with n secondary windings (n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2). The primary side of the flyback DC converter consists of a pair of half-bridge power switches, a clamping capacitor and a primary side winding, and the primary side winding and the half-bridge power switch VS form1Series connection, clamping capacitor and half-bridge power switch tube VS2After being connected in series, the two circuits are connected in parallel with the primary winding. The flyback DC converter with n secondary windings comprises n input ports and 1 output port, wherein the input port is provided with n filter capacitors Ci1-CinSequentially connected in series, each filter capacitor is connected in parallel with 1 input end, and the output end is composed of a primary winding of a flyback converter and a half-bridge power switch tube VS1Are connected in series. The flyback transformer of the photovoltaic cell module is designed by adopting a PCB (printed circuit board) type planar transformer, so that the size and the weight of the photovoltaic cell module are effectively reduced, the eddy current loss caused by the skin effect and the proximity effect during high-frequency work is reduced, the current density is increased, and meanwhile, the flyback transformer winds coils in a staggered mode in sections, so that the leakage inductance of primary and secondary coils is reduced, and the voltage sharing among photovoltaic strings is facilitated.
When n is 3, the topology of the multi-winding flyback dc converter differential power optimized DMPPT circuit is as shown in fig. 6, and fig. 7 and 8 respectively show a first operating mode and a second operating mode of the circuit. When the power switch tube VS1Switch-on and power switch tube VS2When the circuit is turned off, the circuit works in a mode I, and the output voltage U is output at the momentpvThe energy is stored by the transformer when the energy is added to the primary winding N of the flyback transformer, and the secondary winding N can be obtained according to the polarity of the same-name end of the transformer1、N2、N3The induced electromotive force in the middle is negative positive and negative, and the diode VD1、VD2、VD3Cut-off, secondary winding N1、N2、N3No current flows through; when the power switch tube VS2Switch-on and power switch tube VS1When the circuit is switched off, the circuit works in a second mode, and the secondary winding N works at the moment1、N2、N3The induced electromotive force in the diode VD is up-positive and down-negative1、VD2、VD3Conducting the energy stored in the transformer during the operating mode via the diode VD1、VD2、VD3The voltage-sharing circuit is released to the photovoltaic string, meanwhile, a current path is formed by the primary winding and the clamping capacitor, and the voltage-sharing effect of the photovoltaic string is further promoted when the circuit works in a quasi-forward converter working mode.
As shown in fig. 9, a control strategy diagram of a differential power optimized DMPPT circuit of a multi-winding flyback dc converter is shown. The method is characterized in that: the control strategy is composed of a power disturbance module and an output power comparison loop. The power comparison loop outputs the DC converterPower PpvAnd an output power reference value PpvrefError p oferrInputting a power disturbance module, and judging the power error p by the power disturbance moduleerrPositive and negative to control the half-bridge power switch tube VS1On duty cycle of if perrIf the voltage is less than zero, the half-bridge power switch tube VS is continuously and positively changed2And vice versa; half-bridge power switch tube VS2And VS1Complementary conduction, in addition to each power disturbance module changing half-bridge power switch tube VS1Output power P before on dutypvAs a reference value P for the output powerpvrefThrough the control strategy, the maximum power output of the photovoltaic cell module can be realized, and the voltage sharing of the photovoltaic string ports of the cells is realized, so that the differential power optimization type DMPPT output effect is achieved.
Claims (4)
1. A differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module based on a multi-winding flyback DC converter is characterized in that: the photovoltaic cell module is composed of 1 photovoltaic panel with n photovoltaic strings and 1 flyback DC converter with n secondary windings (n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2); the primary side of the flyback DC converter with N secondary windings is composed of a pair of half-bridge power switches, a clamping capacitor and a primary side winding N, the flyback DC converter comprises N input ports and 1 output port, and the input ports are provided with N filter capacitors Ci1-CinThe filter capacitors are sequentially connected in series, each filter capacitor is connected with one photovoltaic series-parallel connection, and the primary winding N of the flyback converter and one half-bridge power switch tube are connected in series at the output end.
2. The multi-winding flyback dc converter of claim 1, wherein the circuit configuration is characterized in that: the primary side of the flyback DC converter is composed of a pair of half-bridge power switches, a clamping capacitor and a primary side winding N, the homonymous end of the primary side winding N is connected with one end of the clamping capacitor and the anode of the photovoltaic panel, and the synonym end of the primary side winding N is connected with a clamping switch VS1Source and VS2Drain electrode connected, VS1Drain and clampThe other end of the capacitor is connected to VS2The source electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the photovoltaic panel; the input end of the flyback DC converter consists of n filter capacitors Ci1-CinThe photovoltaic array comprises n photovoltaic strings and n secondary windings, wherein the n filter capacitors are sequentially connected in series, each filter capacitor is connected with one photovoltaic string in parallel, the homonymous end of each secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the filter capacitor, the heteronymous end of each secondary winding is connected with the anode of a diode, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the anode of the filter capacitor.
3. The differential power optimized DMPPT photovoltaic cell module as recited in claim 1, wherein: the flyback transformer in the multi-winding flyback DC converter is designed to adopt a PCB type planar transformer structure, and the primary and secondary windings are wound in a segmented and staggered mode to increase the voltage balance control effect among photovoltaic strings.
4. A differential power optimization type DMPPT photovoltaic cell module control strategy based on a multi-winding flyback DC converter is characterized in that: the control strategy is composed of a power disturbance module and an output power comparison loop, wherein the power disturbance module changes a power switch tube VS in a forward direction or a reverse direction according to the output power error of the photovoltaic cell module1And the duty ratio is conducted, the maximum power output of the photovoltaic cell module is realized, the voltage balance of the photovoltaic string ports of each cell is promoted, and the effect of differential power optimization type DMPPT output is achieved.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114172400A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-11 | 西北工业大学 | Photovoltaic inverter with self-balancing function |
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Application publication date: 20210810 |