CN113236647A - High elasticity solid construction of preventing of security - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-loosening and fastening structure with high safety, which comprises a fastening screw and a nut, wherein at least one self-locking groove is arranged on a screw column of the fastening screw in the spiral extending direction of a thread groove, the front end of the self-locking groove is smoothly connected with the thread groove, a self-locking step is formed between the rear end of the self-locking groove and the thread groove, a self-locking pin capable of axially moving is radially arranged at a thread bulge on the nut, the inner end of the self-locking pin is a self-locking head matched with the cross section of the thread bulge, a pressure spring is arranged at the outer end of the self-locking pin, the pressure spring drives the self-locking pin to move inwards to an initial position, the front end of the self-locking head is smoothly connected with the thread bulge, a self-locking step is formed between the rear end of the self-locking head and the thread bulge, the self-locking nut further comprises a spanner, a positioning hole matched with the nut is arranged on the end surface of one side of the spanner, a first magnetic block which can absorb the self-locking head is arranged at the position of the side surface of the positioning hole corresponding to the position of the self-locking pin. The invention can ensure reliable fastening at any time and thoroughly eliminate the defect of self-loosening caused by vibration.

Description

High elasticity solid construction of preventing of security

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fasteners, in particular to an anti-loosening fixing structure with high safety.

Background

The fasteners such as screws and bolts are standard parts commonly used by people in production and daily life, are mainly used for connecting more than two parts, and have the advantages of convenience in connection, detachability, repeated installation and fixation and the like. It is known that for some equipment and devices in some industries, such as high-speed rails, fasteners need to have good anti-loosening effect to avoid potential safety hazards caused by self-loosening of the fasteners after running for a certain time; alternatively, in the case of oil fields and large-sized pipeline valves, the fasteners may also have an anti-removal effect to prevent manual erroneous removal or intentional destruction. Since the screw is a standard component, which usually has an internal and external hexagon head, a square head, etc. for facilitating the positioning and rotation of the wrench, in the prior art, the anti-loosening design concept of the fastener is usually to increase the friction force between the bolt and the nut, and the anti-loosening screw is usually realized by designing a uniquely shaped (e.g. regular triangular) screw head and a unique wrench matched with the screw head.

For example, the disclosure of the chinese patent document "a screw anti-detachment device, an anti-detachment screw and a bit" is published under the publication number CN110608222A, in which the screw anti-detachment device includes an anti-detachment screw and a bit, the anti-detachment screw includes a screw rod, a nut connected to one end of the screw rod, at least three grooves distributed around a central axis of the screw rod and a separation part separating the at least three grooves from each other, and the bit includes a bit body and a boss disposed on the bit body and cooperating with the grooves. The anti-disassembly screw can be opened only by the designed specific bit, so that the universal bit can be prevented from being disassembled by others.

However, the existing anti-loose fastener has the following defects: because the looseness prevention is still achieved by means of friction, the looseness prevention is not reliable enough, and the looseness of the fastener is still likely to occur after the fastener is subjected to high-frequency vibration.

In addition, the existing anti-dismantling fastener has the following defects: to avoid the user's personal disassembly, a large number of household products such as washing machines, rice cookers, and even terminal boards, use such fasteners. Because the unique design types of the screw head or the screw cap of the existing anti-disassembly screw are less, after the anti-disassembly screw is widely used, a new standard part is formed, people can conveniently purchase the wrenches with different specifications, and particularly on an online sales platform, the wrenches are filled with a plurality of wrenches. That is to say, the anti-disassembly effect of current anti-disassembly fastener is unsatisfactory, is difficult to really play the effect of anti-disassembly. For large size fasteners used in industry, commerce and requiring tamper resistance, such as tamper resistant fasteners used in oil fields, trains, etc., the security of the fasteners is compromised if they are not effectively tamper resistant.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing anti-loose fastener is unreliable in anti-loose effect and is easy to loosen automatically and lose efficacy after being subjected to high-frequency vibration, and provides an anti-loose fastening structure with high safety, which can ensure reliable fastening at any time and thoroughly eliminate the defect of automatic loosening caused by vibration.

The invention also aims to solve the problem that the existing anti-disassembly fastener has unsatisfactory anti-disassembly effect and further affects the safety of products or devices, and provides an anti-loosening and fastening structure with high safety, so that the anti-disassembly effect of the fastener can be effectively improved, and the safety of corresponding devices is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a high-safety anti-loose fastening structure comprises a fastening screw and a nut made of non-ferromagnetic materials, wherein the fastening screw comprises a screw column and a screw head, one end, far away from the screw head, of the screw column is a connecting section with an external thread, the nut is in threaded connection with the connecting section, at least one self-locking groove with a cross section matched with the thread groove is arranged on the thread groove between adjacent thread bulges on the outer side of the connecting section of the screw column in the spiral extending direction, the radius of the self-locking groove is gradually increased from back to front in the forward rotating direction of the thread groove, the front end of the self-locking groove is in smooth connection with the thread groove, a self-locking step is formed between the rear end of the self-locking groove and the thread groove, a self-locking pin hole is radially arranged at the thread bulge corresponding to an inner hole of the nut on the nut, a ferromagnetic self-locking pin capable of axially moving is arranged in the self-locking pin hole, a copper plug is arranged at an opening on the outer side of the self-locking pin hole, the inner of self-locking pin is the self-locking head that matches with the protruding cross section of screw thread, be equipped with the stainless steel pressure spring between self-locking pin outer end and end cap, the pressure spring drive self-locking pin moves to initial position in, the radius of self-locking head is crescent from back to front on the bellied forward direction of rotation of screw thread, the front end and the protruding smooth connection of screw thread of self-locking head of initial position, form the auto-lock step between the rear end and the screw thread arch of self-locking head, still include the spanner, spanner lateral surface is equipped with the locating hole with the nut adaptation, be equipped with the first magnetism piece that can adsorb the self-locking head in locating hole side and self-locking pin position correspondence department.

The thread groove on the outer side of the connecting section of the fastening screw is provided with at least one self-locking groove with the cross section matched with the thread groove in the spiral extending direction, and correspondingly, the nut is provided with a self-locking pin capable of axially moving in the radial direction at the corresponding position. When the fastening screw and the nut are required to be in threaded connection to fasten the parts, the screw column of the fastening screw can firstly penetrate through the screw through hole on the zero part, and then the nut is rotated in the positive direction to enable the nut to be in threaded connection with the connecting section of the fastening screw. Because the radius of the self-locking head is gradually increased from back to front in the positive rotation direction of the thread bulge, and the front end of the self-locking head at the initial position is smoothly connected with the thread bulge, a self-locking step is formed between the rear end of the self-locking head and the thread bulge. Therefore, when the nut is screwed on the screw column, the screw column can form a radial thrust on the self-locking head, so that the self-locking head overcomes the elasticity of the pressure spring and retracts outwards; when the self-locking head rotates to the position corresponding to the self-locking groove on the screw column along with the nut, the self-locking head moves inwards under the action of the pressure spring and enters the self-locking groove, so that the reverse rotation and the loosening of the nut can be effectively prevented. At this time, the nut can be rotated continuously, and the self-locking head can conveniently slide out of the inclined self-locking groove.

It can be understood that a plurality of self-locking pins which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction can be arranged on the screw column, and correspondingly, a plurality of self-locking pins which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the nut, so that the anti-loosening of the nut can be realized at any position.

In addition, the self-locking pin can prevent the nut from reversely rotating relative to the fastening screw, and accordingly, the nut has a certain anti-disassembly effect.

When the fastening screw and the nut need to be loosened, the wrench can be sleeved on the nut, the first magnetic suction block on the wrench can absorb the self-locking pin to overcome the elasticity of the pressure spring to move outwards, the self-locking head at the inner end of the self-locking pin is separated from the self-locking groove, and the fastening screw can rotate reversely relative to the nut.

It will be appreciated that the nut may be made of a non-ferromagnetic material such as stainless steel, and thus, the compression spring, the plug, etc. made of stainless steel are all made of a non-ferromagnetic material. When the spanner cup joints on the nut, first magnetism piece of inhaling only can play the adsorption to the self-locking pin. In addition, through reasonable design, the adsorption force of the first magnetic suction block on the self-locking pin is far greater than the elastic force of the pressure spring, and the first magnetic suction block can be ensured to adsorb the self-locking pin to move outwards so as to release locking.

Preferably, the screw head and the nut are circular and matched with each other, the end face of the screw head is provided with a circular assembly hole extending along the axial direction, the opening of the assembly hole is provided with a counter bore, a positioning ring is arranged in the counter bore, so that a reduced step is formed between the assembly hole and the positioning ring, one end of the assembly hole close to the positioning ring is provided with a guide section with an internal thread, a rotating pin capable of switching between a hidden position and an exposed position is arranged in the assembly hole, the upper end of the rotating pin is integrally provided with a rotating section positioned in the positioning ring, the cross section of the rotating section is a regular polygon, a pin hole is radially arranged on the rotating section, a circular rotating hole is arranged at the bottom of the wrench positioning hole, a barrel-shaped rotating sleeve is rotatably arranged in the rotating hole, an elastic positioning structure is arranged between the rotating hole and the rotating sleeve, the bottom of the rotating hole is provided with a through threaded hole of a wrench, and the inner hole of the rotating sleeve is a regular polygon hole matched with the rotating section, a second magnetic suction block capable of moving axially is arranged in an inner hole of the rotating sleeve, a stud penetrating through the bottom wall of the rotating sleeve and connected in a threaded hole is arranged on the second magnetic suction block, an anti-rotating structure capable of enabling the rotating pin to move axially to abut against the guide section is arranged between the rotating pin and the assembling hole, and when the rotating pin is in a hidden position, the end face of the rotating section is flush with the end face of the screw head; when the rotating pin is in the exposed position, the rotating section extends out of the positioning ring, and the limiting bolt attached to the end face of the screw head is inserted into the pin hole of the rotating section.

Because the screw head and the nut are both round, others cannot use the existing spanner or some spanner with special shape to transmit torque to the nut or the screw head, thereby really realizing anti-disassembly. Of course, the worker cannot tighten the nut against the fastening screw with a tool such as a wrench at this time.

When the fastening screw and the nut are required to be connected in a threaded manner to fasten the parts, the positioning hole of the wrench can be sleeved on the screw head of the fastening screw, so that the wrench can be accurately positioned relative to the screw head and can rotate relative to the screw head. At the moment, the second magnetic suction block in the rotating sleeve of the wrench adsorbs the rotating section of the rotating pin, so that the rotating pin moves axially for a distance and is attached to the second magnetic suction block, the head of the rotating section partially enters the inner hole of the rotating sleeve at the moment, and the rotating pin, the rotating sleeve and the second magnetic suction block are positioned relatively in the circumferential direction. Then, we can rotate the wrench, the rotation-proof structure prevents the rotation pin, the rotation sleeve and the second magnetic suction block from rotating at the moment, and the elastic positioning structure is disabled, and the wrench can rotate relative to the rotation sleeve. Therefore, the threaded hole of the wrench and the stud of the second magnetic suction block rotate relatively, and the second magnetic suction block can drive the rotating pin to move axially in the rotating sleeve; when the rotating pin moves to the guide section of leaning on the pilot hole, prevent that the rotating structure is out of order and release the rotating pin, correspondingly, elastic positioning structure takes effect, spanner at this moment can drive the rotating sleeve and rotate, thereby drive the rotating pin through the rotation section and rotate and form threaded connection with the guide section, make the rotating pin axial displacement when the pivoted, until the second magnetism piece of inhaling hugs closely the diapire that rotates the cover hole completely and can't continue axial displacement, the most of rotation section this moment gets into in the hole that rotates the cover, and the rotating pin then tightly pastes and lean on the position circle. That is, the rotation pin at this time is switched from the hidden position to the exposed position. At this time, the wrench can be removed and sleeved on the nut as described above, so that the self-locking pin in the nut is unlocked. Then, the exposed rotating section can be driven to rotate continuously by using tools such as an existing adjustable wrench, a box spanner and the like so as to tighten the fastening screw, and the fastening screw and the nut are fastened.

After the fastening screw is screwed down, the wrench can be rotated reversely, the rotating sleeve drives the rotating section, the rotating pin rotates reversely and returns axially until the rotating pin is separated from the guide section of the assembling hole, then the wrench can be taken away, the rotating section exposed still is pressed, the rotating pin is switched to a hidden position, and other people can be prevented from detaching the fastening screw.

When the staff need dismantle fastening screw, can cup joint the locating hole of spanner on fastening screw's head of screw to make spanner accurate positioning relative the screwhead, and can rotate relatively. Then, the rotating pin is switched from the hidden position to the exposed position as described above, the pin hole of the rotating section is exposed at the moment, and a limiting bolt can be inserted into the pin hole of the rotating section and abuts against the end face of the screw head. Then, the wrench is sleeved on the nut as described above, so that the self-locking pin in the nut is unlocked. Then, the exposed rotating section can be driven to rotate reversely by using tools such as an existing adjustable wrench, a box spanner and the like so as to disassemble the fastening screw.

It can be understood that the limit bolt can effectively prevent the rotating pin from reversely rotating relative to the fastening screw, so that the rotating pin can drive the fastening screw to reversely rotate together to realize the detachment of the fastening screw.

Preferably, the anti-rotation structure comprises an anti-rotation groove arranged on the rotation pin, the anti-rotation groove extends axially and penetrates through the lower end far away from the positioning ring, an anti-rotation pin connected in the anti-rotation groove in a sliding mode is radially arranged in the assembly hole, and the movable distance of the anti-rotation pin in the anti-rotation groove is equal to the distance of the rotation pin moving to the abutting against the guide section.

Because prevent changeing the pin and preventing that the slot forms axial sliding connection, consequently, when the piece adsorbs the rotation section and the axial displacement of rotating pin is inhaled to the second magnetism, can avoid the rotating pin to form effectively and rotate in the pilot hole, and then rotate the cover and rotate along with the handle when avoiding the handle to rotate, ensure to inhale piece, rotation section, rotating pin axial displacement through the rotation of handle can drive the second magnetism.

In addition, because the movable distance of the anti-rotation pin in the anti-rotation groove is equal to the distance of the rotation pin moving to the abutting against the guide section, when the rotation pin abuts against the guide section, the anti-rotation pin just deviates from the anti-rotation groove, so that the anti-rotation pin can rotate and is in threaded connection with the guide section.

Preferably, prevent that the pin is equipped with the fracture annular with the pilot hole junction, when the piece is inhaled to the second magnetism and is leaned on when rotating the cover bottom surface, the rotating pin supports and leans on the direction section to prevent that the pin is deviate from preventing the inslot.

When the second magnetic suction block moves axially to be attached to the bottom surface of the rotating sleeve, the rotating pin just abuts against the guide section, and the anti-rotating pin is pulled out from the anti-rotating groove. Elastic positioning structure plays this moment, and consequently, the spanner can drive and rotate cover, second magnetism piece rotation of inhaling, drives rotation section, rotating pin rotation then, can make rotating pin and pilot segment realization threaded connection of pilot hole, tightly supports until the rotating pin and leans on the position circle. The rotating pin can not rotate relative to the fastening screw, so that the rotating pin and the fastening screw are fixedly connected into a whole. When the exposed rotating section is rotated, the fastening screw can be driven to rotate, and the fastening screw is disassembled and assembled.

Particularly, the connecting part of the anti-rotation pin and the assembly hole is provided with the fracture ring groove, so that when someone tries to forcibly rotate the rotation section of the rotation pin by other tools to disassemble and assemble the fastening screw under the condition of no wrench, the anti-rotation pin can be twisted off at the fracture ring groove, the rotation pin can only idle in the assembly hole of the fastening screw at the moment, so that the fastening screw cannot be disassembled, and the safety of the fastening screw is ensured.

Preferably, the elastic positioning structure comprises a positioning pit arranged on the cylindrical surface of the rotating sleeve, a positioning pin is arranged on the wrench in a manner of axially moving in a radial direction at a position corresponding to the positioning pit, and the rear end of the positioning pin abuts against a pressure spring, so that the hemispherical front end of the positioning pin is elastically positioned in the positioning pit.

When the anti-rotation structure takes effect and the wrench is rotated, the positioning concave pit of the rotating sleeve axially extrudes the positioning pin on the wrench, so that the positioning pin overcomes the elasticity of the pressure spring to retract, and the wrench can rotate relative to the rotating sleeve; when the anti-rotation structure fails and the wrench is rotated, the positioning pin on the wrench is elastically positioned in the positioning pit of the rotating sleeve, and the wrench at the moment can drive the rotating sleeve to rotate.

It can be understood that the torque which can be transmitted by the anti-rotation structure is larger than that of the elastic positioning structure through reasonable design.

Preferably, the mounting hole penetrates through the screw post, and a plug is provided in a mounting hole opening penetrating through the screw post.

The assembling hole is machined from the end face of the screw column, and the opening of the assembling hole is plugged by the plug after the rotating pin is installed, so that the assembling hole is convenient to machine and manufacture, and the rotating pin can be prevented from automatically falling out of the assembling space.

Preferably, the screw column is provided with a fabrication hole which radially penetrates through the assembly hole, and the anti-rotation pin is in threaded connection with the fabrication hole.

The invention arranges the radial fabrication hole on the screw column, thereby facilitating the installation of the anti-rotation pin in the fabrication hole in a threaded connection mode, and enabling the head of the anti-rotation pin to extend out of the fabrication hole and be positioned in the anti-rotation groove of the rotation pin.

Preferably, an axially extending guide groove is formed in the cylindrical surface of the nut, one end of the guide groove penetrates through the end surface of the nut, the other end of the guide groove is bent and extends along the circumferential direction to form a positioning groove, a guide post is arranged on the inner side wall of the positioning hole of the wrench, when the wrench is sleeved on the nut, the guide post slides into the guide groove, when the wrench is rotated, the guide post slides in the annular groove and is positioned, and the first magnetic attraction block corresponds to the corresponding self-locking head.

Because the cylindrical surface of the nut is provided with the positioning groove extending along the circumferential direction and the lead-in groove extending along the axial direction, when the wrench is sleeved on the nut, the guide post slides into the lead-in groove, when the wrench is sleeved in place and the wrench is rotated, the guide post slides in the positioning groove and is positioned, on one hand, the wrench is reliably sleeved on the screw nut, and on the other hand, the first magnetic suction block on the wrench is ensured to be corresponding to the corresponding self-locking head on the nut.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: can ensure reliable fastening at any time and thoroughly eliminate the defect of self-loosening caused by vibration; the disassembly prevention effect of the fastener can be effectively improved, and therefore the safety of the corresponding device is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration in which the rotation pin is in a hidden position.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a configuration in which the rotation pin abuts against the guide section.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration with the pivot pin in an exposed position.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a fastening screw.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic view of the handle.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a coupling structure of a fastening screw and a nut (in the figure, the arrow direction is a forward rotation direction of the nut).

In the figure: 1. the self-locking bolt comprises a fastening bolt 11, a bolt column 111, a self-locking pin 112, a thread groove 113, a thread bulge 12, a screw head 121, an assembling hole 122, a counter bore 123, a guide section 124, a guide groove 125, a positioning groove 13, an anti-rotation pin 131, a fracture ring groove 14, a second positioning concave pit 15, a connecting section 2, a wrench 21, a positioning hole 22, a rotation hole 23, a positioning pin 24, a positioning column 25, a guide column 26, a first magnetic suction block 3, a positioning ring 4, a rotation pin 41, a rotation section 411, a pin hole 42, an anti-rotation groove 5, a rotation sleeve 51, a first positioning concave pit 6, a second magnetic suction block 61, a stud 7, a plug 8, a nut 81, a self-locking pin 811, a self-locking head 82, a pressure spring 9 and parts.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, an anti-loose fastening structure with high safety is used for connecting at least two parts 9, and specifically comprises a fastening screw 1 and a nut 8, wherein the fastening screw comprises a screw column 11 with external threads and a screw head 12 integrally connected to the end of the screw column, and one end of the screw column, which is far away from the screw head, is a connecting section 15 with external threads. The parts to be connected are provided with screw through holes, and the connecting section of the screw column penetrates through the screw through holes to be in threaded connection with the nut.

For the convenience of description, the spiral raised on the thread is referred to as thread protrusion 113, and the portion between two adjacent thread protrusions in the axial direction is referred to as thread groove 112. In addition, the cross section of the thread protrusion and the thread groove in this embodiment is triangular, the thread direction on the nut and the screw post is right-handed, and the rotation direction when the fastening screw and the nut are screwed together is referred to as forward direction, and the rotation direction when the fastening screw and the nut are unscrewed (i.e., the rotation direction when the fastening screw and the nut are unscrewed) is referred to as reverse direction. Further, the thread projection or thread groove located on the forward side in the forward rotation is referred to as a forward side or front end, and the thread projection or thread groove located on the rearward side is referred to as a rearward side or rear end. That is, when we screw the nut to the connection section of the fastening screw, it is the thread protrusion and the thread groove of the front end that are screwed to each other first.

In order to prevent the fastening screw from loosening due to self reverse rotation relative to the nut, a plurality of self-locking grooves 111 are arranged on the outer side of the connecting section of the screw column and positioned between adjacent thread protrusions, the cross section of each self-locking groove is triangular matched with the thread groove, and the respective self-locking grooves extend spirally along the thread groove and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In addition, the radius of the self-locking groove is gradually increased from back to front in the positive rotation direction of the thread groove, so that the front end of the self-locking groove is smoothly connected with the thread groove, and a self-locking step is formed between the rear end of the self-locking groove and the thread groove. Correspondingly, self-locking pin holes with the same number as the self-locking grooves are radially arranged at the thread protrusions corresponding to the inner holes of the nut, self-locking pins 81 capable of moving axially are arranged in the self-locking pin holes, plugs 7 are arranged at openings at the outer sides of the self-locking pin holes, self-locking heads 811 matched with the cross sections of the thread protrusions are arranged at the inner ends of the self-locking pins close to the inner holes of the nut, the radius of the self-locking heads is gradually increased from back to front in the forward rotating direction of the thread protrusions, pressure springs 82 are arranged between the outer ends of the self-locking pins and the plugs and drive the self-locking pins to move inwards to initial positions, so that the front ends of the self-locking heads at the initial positions are smoothly connected with the thread protrusions, and self-locking steps are formed between the rear ends of the self-locking heads and the thread protrusions.

When the fastening screw and the nut are required to be in threaded connection to fasten the parts, the screw column of the fastening screw can firstly penetrate through the screw through hole on the zero part, and then the nut is rotated in the positive direction to enable the nut to be in threaded connection with the connecting section of the fastening screw. Because the radius of the self-locking head at the front end of the self-locking pin is gradually increased from back to front in the positive rotation direction of the thread bulge, and the front end of the self-locking head at the initial position is smoothly connected with the thread bulge, a self-locking step is formed between the rear end of the self-locking head and the thread bulge. Therefore, the nut can be conveniently screwed on the screw column, and the screw column can form a radial thrust to the self-locking head, so that the self-locking head overcomes the elasticity of the pressure spring and retracts outwards; when the self-locking head rotates to the position corresponding to the self-locking groove on the screw column along with the nut, the self-locking head moves inwards under the action of the pressure spring and enters the self-locking groove, so that the reverse rotation and the loosening of the nut can be effectively prevented. At this time, the nut can be rotated continuously, and the self-locking head can conveniently slide out of the inclined self-locking groove.

It is necessary that 4-6 self-locking pins are arranged on the nut at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the self-locking grooves on the screw column can be arranged more along the thread grooves, and the interval of each thread groove in the circumferential direction (namely, the central angle corresponding to the adjacent self-locking groove) is equal to the interval of the self-locking pins in the circumferential direction, so as to ensure that when the nut rotates to any position, reverse locking can be formed between the self-locking pins and the self-locking grooves, and the nut has a certain anti-disassembly effect.

In order to facilitate the worker to disassemble the nut, the invention also comprises a wrench 2, a positioning hole 21 matched with the nut is arranged on the end surface of one side of the wrench, and a first magnetic suction block 26 capable of adsorbing the self-locking head is arranged at the position corresponding to the self-locking pin on the side surface of the positioning hole.

When the fastening screw and the nut need to be loosened, the wrench can be sleeved on the nut, the first magnetic suction block on the wrench can absorb the self-locking pin to overcome the elasticity of the pressure spring to move outwards, the self-locking head at the inner end of the self-locking pin is separated from the self-locking groove, and the fastening screw can rotate reversely relative to the nut. Of course, the depth of the positioning hole should be larger than the height of the nut to ensure that the wrench can be completely sleeved on the nut.

In order to improve the anti-disassembly effect, the screw head and the nut can be arranged in a mutually matched circular shape with the same outer diameter. In this way, no matter what existing wrenches (including alien wrenches) are used by others, no torque can be transmitted to the screw head or nut to rotate the screw head or nut, thereby ensuring that the fastening screw is prevented from being disassembled.

Furthermore, the end face of the screw head is provided with a circular assembly hole 121 extending in the axial direction, a counter bore 122 is provided at the opening of the assembly hole, and a cage 3 is screwed into the counter bore, so that a reduced step is formed between the assembly hole and the inner bore of the cage. The fitting hole is provided with a guide section 123 having an internal thread at an end adjacent to the cage. Of course, the external diameter of the internal thread of the guide section is matched with the assembly hole, namely, a step is arranged between the guide section and the assembly hole so as to facilitate the processing of the internal thread on the guide section.

In addition, a rotating pin 4 which can be switched from a hidden position to an exposed position is arranged in the assembly hole, the upper end of the rotating pin is integrally provided with a rotating section 41 positioned in the positioning ring, and the cross section of the rotating section is in a regular hexagon shape. A round rotating hole 22 is formed in the bottom surface of the positioning hole of the wrench, a barrel-shaped rotating sleeve 5 is rotatably arranged in the rotating hole, and the bottom wall of the rotating sleeve is attached to the bottom surface of the rotating hole. The inner hole of the rotating sleeve is a regular hexagonal hole matched with the rotating section, and a threaded hole penetrating through the wrench is formed in the bottom surface of the rotating hole. But be equipped with axial displacement and inhale piece 6 by the second magnetism that magnet made in the hole of rotating the cover, be equipped with on the second magnetism and pass rotating the cover diapire and threaded connection is at the double-screw bolt 61 in the screw hole. Of course, the second magnetic attraction block is preferably a regular hexagon matched with the inner hole of the rotating sleeve.

In the initial state, the rotating pin is in a hidden position, the rotating section of the rotating pin is hidden in the positioning ring at the moment, and the end face of the rotating section is flush with the end face of the screw head. And a small distance is reserved between the second magnetic suction block in the wrench and the end surface of the wrench.

When we need to tighten the fastening screw, because screwhead and nut all can't rotate with current spanner, consequently, can be earlier manually rotatory and preliminary threaded connection to the linkage segment of screw post with the nut, then cup joint the locating hole of spanner on fastening screw's screw head, at this moment, the rotation section of swivel pin is inhaled to the piece is inhaled to the second magnetism in the rotation cover of spanner, thereby make swivel pin axial displacement one section micro distance and paste the second magnetism and inhale the piece, the regular polygon rotation section of swivel pin partially gets into in the hole that rotates the cover, thereby make the swivel pin, rotate the cover, the second magnetism is inhaled the piece and is fixed a position relatively and can't rotate relatively in circumference.

Then, the wrench can be rotated in the forward direction, the threaded hole of the wrench and the stud of the second magnetic suction block rotate relatively, the stud drives the second magnetic suction block to move axially, and then the second magnetic suction block drives the rotating pin to move axially in the assembling hole through the rotating section; when the rotating pin moves to the guide section abutting against the assembling hole, the rotating pin can be in threaded connection with the guide section, so that the rotating pin axially moves while rotating until the magnetic suction block completely clings to the bottom wall of the inner hole of the rotating sleeve and cannot continue to axially move, most of the rotating section enters the inner hole of the rotating sleeve at the moment, and the rotating pin tightly clings to the positioning ring. That is, the wrench, the rotation pin, and the fastening screw are positioned in the circumferential direction and cannot rotate relative to each other. Accordingly, the rotating pin is switched from the hidden position to the exposed position. At the moment, the wrench can be taken down, namely, the exposed rotating section can be driven to continue rotating by using tools such as the existing adjustable wrench, a double offset ring spanner and the like so as to tighten the fastening screw.

It should be noted that, an elastic positioning structure needs to be arranged between the rotating hole and the rotating sleeve, and an anti-rotating structure which can enable the rotating pin to axially move to abut against the guide section is arranged between the rotating pin and the assembling hole. That is to say, when the rotating pin has not moved to the direction section that leans on the pilot hole yet to when the forward rotation spanner, prevent that rotational structure is in the state of taking effect, rotating pin and pilot hole be axial movably connected, rotating pin, rotation section, rotation cover, magnetism piece of inhaling at this moment can't rotate. It can be understood that the torque that the anti-rotation structure can transmit should be greater than the torque that the elastic locating structure can transmit, therefore, the elastic locating structure between the rotation hole and the rotation sleeve is invalid at this moment, and the wrench can rotate relative to the rotation sleeve and the stud of the second magnetic suction block. When the rotating pin removes to the direction section that leans on the pilot hole, prevent that the rotating structure became invalid, but the rotating pin rotates with the pilot hole relatively, elastic positioning structure takes effect this moment, the spanner can drive and rotate the cover and rotate, thereby drive the rotating pin through the rotation section and rotate and form threaded connection with the direction section, make the rotating pin axial displacement when the pivoted, inhale the piece until the second magnetism and hug closely the diapire that rotates the cover hole completely and can't continue axial displacement, the great part that rotates the section this moment gets into in the hole that rotates the cover, and the rotating pin then tightly pastes and lean on the position circle. That is, the wrench, the rotation pin, and the fastening screw are positioned in the circumferential direction and cannot rotate relative to each other. Accordingly, the rotating pin is switched from the hidden position to the exposed position.

After the fastening screw is tightened, the wrench can be rotated reversely, the rotating sleeve drives the rotating section and the rotating pin to rotate reversely and return axially until the rotating pin is separated from the guide section of the assembling hole, then the wrench can be taken away, and the rotating section which is exposed is pressed, so that the rotating pin is switched to a hidden position, and therefore the existing wrench (including a special wrench) cannot transmit torque to the screw head to rotate the screw head, and the anti-disassembly of the fastening screw is ensured.

In addition, we can radially provide the pin holes 411 on the rotation section and ensure that the pin holes are just exposed out of the positioning ring when the rotation pin is in the exposed position.

Like this, when the staff need dismantle fastening screw, can cup joint on fastening screw's head of screw with the locating hole of spanner earlier to make spanner accurate positioning relative the screwhead, and can rotate relatively. Then, as mentioned above, the rotating pin is switched from the hidden position to the exposed position, at this time, the pin hole of the rotating section is exposed, and a limit bolt (not shown in the figure) can be inserted into the pin hole of the rotating section, and the two exposed ends of the limit bolt abut against the end face of the screw head. Then, we can sleeve the wrench on the nut, to release the self-locking of the self-locking pin on the nut as mentioned above, and then use the existing tools such as adjustable wrench, box spanner, etc. to drive the exposed rotation section to rotate reversely, so as to disassemble the fastening screw.

It can be understood that the limit bolt can effectively prevent the rotating pin from reversely rotating relative to the fastening screw, so that the rotating pin can drive the fastening screw to reversely rotate together to realize the detachment of the fastening screw.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the anti-rotation structure includes an anti-rotation groove 42 provided on the rotation pin, the anti-rotation groove extends axially and penetrates through the lower end far away from the retainer ring, an anti-rotation pin 13 is radially provided in the assembly hole, and the front end of the anti-rotation pin is slidably connected in the anti-rotation groove. Like this, when the rotating pin followed magnetism piece axial displacement, prevent that the rotating pin can prevent rotating pin circumferential direction to the rotating sleeve rotates along with the handle when avoiding the handle to rotate. Furthermore, we shall make the movable distance of the anti-rotation pin in the anti-rotation slot equal to the distance that the rotation pin moves against the guide section. Like this, when the rotating pin removed to the direction section that leans on the pilot hole, the front end of preventing changeing the pin breaks away from the anti-rotation groove, and the anti-rotation structure became invalid, and the rotating pin can rotate relative fastening screw.

Furthermore, a fracture ring groove 131 can be arranged at the joint of the anti-rotation pin and the assembly hole. When someone tries to forcibly rotate the rotating section of the rotating pin by other tools under the condition of no wrench so as to disassemble and assemble the fastening screw, the anti-rotating pin can be twisted off at the fracture ring groove, and the rotating pin can only idle in the assembling hole of the fastening screw, so that the fastening screw cannot be disassembled, and the safety of the fastening screw is ensured.

It will be appreciated that the fastening screw and nut of the present invention have a relatively complicated anti-removal and anti-loosening structure inside, and therefore, are suitable for large-sized fastening screws, such as M40 and even those above M50. Further, the nut of the present invention may preferably be a cap type nut so as to cover the end of the screw post, improving the beauty and safety.

In addition, the elastic positioning structure comprises a hemispherical first positioning pit 51 arranged on the cylindrical surface of the rotating sleeve, a positioning pin 23 is radially arranged on the wrench corresponding to the first positioning pit, the positioning pin can axially move, and the rear end of the positioning pin abuts against a pressure spring (not shown in the figure), so that the hemispherical front end of the positioning pin is elastically positioned in the positioning pit.

When the anti-rotation structure takes effect and the wrench is rotated, the positioning concave pit of the rotating sleeve axially extrudes the positioning pin on the wrench, so that the positioning pin overcomes the elasticity of the pressure spring to retract, and the wrench can rotate relative to the rotating sleeve; when the anti-rotation structure is invalid and the wrench is rotated until the positioning pin corresponds to the first positioning pit, the positioning pin on the wrench elastically extends out and is positioned in the first positioning pit of the rotating sleeve, and the wrench at the moment can drive the rotating sleeve to rotate.

It can be understood that the torque which can be transmitted by the anti-rotation structure is larger than that of the elastic positioning structure through reasonable design. In addition, the radius of the first locating recess is larger than the radius of the front end of the locating pin.

In order to facilitate the processing of the assembly hole, the assembly hole penetrates through the screw column, and a plug 7 is arranged in an opening of the assembly hole penetrating through the screw column. That is, the fitting hole is a stepped hole having a large opening and a small opening. Therefore, the assembling holes can be machined from the end faces of the screw columns, and after the rotating pins are installed, the openings of the assembling holes are plugged by plugs, so that the assembling holes are convenient to machine and manufacture, and the rotating pins can be prevented from automatically falling out of the assembling space. Of course, the fitting hole and the plug fitting part can be made into an outward-expanded counter bore so as to accurately position the plug in the circumferential direction.

In addition, the screw column can be provided with a fabrication hole which radially penetrates through the assembly hole, and the anti-rotation pin is in threaded connection with the fabrication hole. That is, the anti-rotation pin can be made into a fastening screw shape with a straight groove or a cross groove at the rear end to facilitate the assembly in the fabrication hole.

As a preferred scheme, two hemispherical second positioning pits 14 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction can be further arranged on the end face of the screw head, a step hole is formed in the corresponding position of the wrench, the step hole comprises a guide hole close to the screw head and a closed section which is far away from the screw head and is expanded outwards, a positioning column 24 is matched in the guide hole, the outer end of the positioning column, extending out of the guide section, is hemispherical, a shaft shoulder which is expanded outwards is integrally arranged at the inner end of the positioning column, a plug is arranged at the opening of the closed section, and a pressure spring is arranged in the closed section between the plug and the shaft shoulder. Thereby, the shaft shoulder of the positioning column is positioned on the step between the guide section and the closed section, and the outer end of the positioning column is exposed out of the guide section.

It can be understood that when the wrench is sleeved on the screw head, the inner hole of the rotating sleeve and the shape of the rotating section of the rotating pin are usually in a dislocation state, and the outer end of the positioning column is pressed by the screw head to retract into the guiding section. Then, the wrench can be rotated until the positioning column corresponds to the positioning pit, the outer end of the positioning column falls into the positioning pit to be positioned, at the moment, the inner hole of the rotating sleeve corresponds to the shape of the rotating section of the rotating pin, and the magnetic suction block adsorbs the rotating section of the rotating pin and enters the inner hole of the rotating sleeve.

That is to say, through the cooperation of the elastically telescopic positioning column and the positioning pit, the positioning function can ensure that the inner hole of the rotating sleeve and the rotating section of the rotating pin are in a corresponding state.

As another preferred scheme, an axially extending guiding groove 124 may be further disposed on the cylindrical surface of the nut, one end of the guiding groove penetrates through the end surface of the nut, the other end of the guiding groove is bent by 90 degrees and extends circumferentially to form a positioning groove 125, and a corresponding guiding post 25 is disposed on the inner side wall of the positioning hole of the wrench. When the wrench is sleeved on the nut, the guide post slides into the guide groove; when the wrench is rotated, the guide column slides and is positioned in the positioning groove, and at the moment, the first magnetic suction block on the wrench accurately corresponds to the corresponding position of the self-locking head, so that the unlocking of the self-locking pin is ensured.

It should be noted that, the extending direction of the positioning groove in the circumferential direction is the reverse direction of the nut, so that the wrench and the nut are relatively positioned in the reverse direction, and the nut is prevented from rotating along with the fastening screw when the rotating section is rotated in the reverse direction by the wrench to disassemble the fastening screw.

Of course, the cylindrical surface of the screw head may be provided with an axially extending introduction groove, one end of which penetrates through the end surface of the nut, and the other end of which is bent by 90 degrees and extends circumferentially to form an annular positioning groove. When the wrench is sleeved on the screw head, the guide post can be aligned and slid into the guide groove. When the wrench is sleeved in place, the guide post reaches the joint of the guide groove and the positioning groove. At the moment, the spanner is rotated, and the guide column can slide in the positioning groove, so that the spanner can be rotatably connected to the screw head, and the spanner is prevented from being separated from the screw head by itself.

Finally, the internal thread of the countersunk hole of the screw head can be screwed in the opposite direction to the internal thread of the guide section of the assembly hole. When the rotating pin rotates in the guide section until the rotating pin abuts against the positioning ring, reliable self-locking can be formed between the rotating pin and the positioning ring, and the rotating pin is effectively prevented from driving the positioning ring to rotate together.

Claims (8)

1. A high-safety anti-loose fastening structure comprises a fastening screw and a nut made of non-ferromagnetic materials, wherein the fastening screw comprises a screw column and a screw head, one end, far away from the screw head, of the screw column is a connecting section with an external thread, the nut is in threaded connection with the connecting section, and the anti-loose fastening structure is characterized in that at least one self-locking groove with a cross section matched with the self-locking groove is arranged on the thread groove between adjacent thread bulges on the outer side of the connecting section of the screw column in the spiral extending direction, the radius of the self-locking groove is gradually increased from back to front in the forward rotating direction of the thread groove, the front end of the self-locking groove is in smooth connection with the thread groove, a self-locking step is formed between the rear end of the self-locking groove and the thread groove, a self-locking pin hole is radially arranged at the thread bulge corresponding to an inner hole of the nut, a ferromagnetic self-locking pin capable of axially moving is arranged in the self-locking pin hole, a copper plug is arranged at an opening on the outer side of the self-locking pin hole, the inner of self-locking pin is the self-locking head that matches with the protruding cross section of screw thread, be equipped with the stainless steel pressure spring between self-locking pin outer end and end cap, the pressure spring drive self-locking pin moves to initial position in, the radius of self-locking head is crescent from back to front on the bellied forward direction of rotation of screw thread, the front end and the protruding smooth connection of screw thread of self-locking head of initial position, form the auto-lock step between the rear end and the screw thread arch of self-locking head, still include the spanner, spanner lateral surface is equipped with the locating hole with the nut adaptation, be equipped with the first magnetism piece that can adsorb the self-locking head in locating hole side and self-locking pin position correspondence department.

2. The anti-loosening/fixing structure with high safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screw head and the nut are round and matched with each other, the end face of the screw head is provided with a round assembling hole extending in the axial direction, a counter bore is provided at the opening of the assembling hole, a positioning ring is provided in the counter bore so as to form a reduced step between the assembling hole and the positioning ring, the assembling hole is provided with a guide section having an internal thread at a position near one end of the positioning ring, a rotation pin switchable between a hidden position and an exposed position is provided in the assembling hole, the upper end of the rotation pin is integrally provided with a rotation section located in the positioning ring, the cross section of the rotation section is a regular polygon, a pin hole is radially provided on the rotation section, a round rotation hole is provided at the bottom of the positioning hole of the wrench, a barrel-shaped rotation sleeve is rotatably provided in the rotation hole, and an elastic positioning structure is provided between the rotation hole and the rotation sleeve, a threaded hole penetrating through the wrench is formed in the bottom surface of the rotating hole, an inner hole of the rotating sleeve is a regular polygon hole matched with the rotating section, a second magnetic suction block capable of moving axially is arranged in the inner hole of the rotating sleeve, a stud penetrating through the bottom wall of the rotating sleeve and connected in the threaded hole in a threaded manner is arranged on the second magnetic suction block, an anti-rotating structure capable of enabling the rotating pin to move axially to abut against the guide section is arranged between the rotating pin and the assembling hole, and when the rotating pin is in a hidden position, the end surface of the rotating section is flush with the end surface of the screw head; when the rotating pin is in the exposed position, the rotating section extends out of the positioning ring, and the limiting bolt attached to the end face of the screw head is inserted into the pin hole of the rotating section.

3. The anti-loosening and fastening structure with high safety as claimed in claim 2, wherein the anti-rotation structure comprises an anti-rotation groove provided on the rotation pin, the anti-rotation groove extends in the axial direction and penetrates through the lower end far away from the positioning ring, an anti-rotation pin slidably connected in the anti-rotation groove is radially arranged in the assembly hole, and the movable distance of the anti-rotation pin in the anti-rotation groove is equal to the distance of the rotation pin moving to abut against the guide section.

4. The anti-loosening and fastening structure with high safety as claimed in claim 3, wherein a fracture ring groove is formed at the joint of the anti-rotation pin and the assembly hole, when the second magnetic block is attached to the bottom surface of the rotating sleeve, the rotating pin is attached to the guide section, and the anti-rotation pin is removed from the anti-rotation groove.

5. The anti-loosening and fastening structure with high safety as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic locating structure comprises a locating recess formed in a cylindrical surface of the rotating sleeve, a locating pin is axially and radially movably arranged on the wrench at a position corresponding to the locating recess, and a rear end of the locating pin abuts against a compression spring, so that a hemispherical front end of the locating pin is elastically located in the locating recess.

6. The structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fitting hole is formed through the screw post, and a plug is provided in an opening of the fitting hole formed through the screw post.

7. The anti-loosening and fastening structure with high safety as claimed in claim 3, wherein the screw post is provided with a fabrication hole radially penetrating the assembly hole, and the anti-rotation pin is screwed in the fabrication hole.

8. The anti-loosening and fastening structure with high safety as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cylindrical surface of the nut is provided with an axially extending guiding groove, one end of the guiding groove penetrates through the end surface of the nut, the other end of the guiding groove is bent and extends along the circumferential direction to form a positioning groove, the inner side wall of the positioning hole of the wrench is provided with a guiding column, when the wrench is sleeved on the nut, the guiding column slides into the guiding groove, when the wrench is rotated, the guiding column slides in the annular groove and is positioned, and the first magnetic attraction block corresponds to the position of the corresponding self-locking head.

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