CN113234887A - Slag regulating agent for washing furnace bottom and use method thereof - Google Patents
Slag regulating agent for washing furnace bottom and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113234887A CN113234887A CN202110544601.9A CN202110544601A CN113234887A CN 113234887 A CN113234887 A CN 113234887A CN 202110544601 A CN202110544601 A CN 202110544601A CN 113234887 A CN113234887 A CN 113234887A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/44—Refractory linings
- C21C5/441—Equipment used for making or repairing linings
- C21C5/443—Hot fettling; Flame gunning
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slag modifier for washing a furnace bottom and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy. The slag regulating agent for washing the bottom of the furnace comprises the following components: al (Al)2O330‑45％，SiO210‑20％，Fe2O310-20%, CaO 3-8%, and the balance impurities. The use method of the slag regulating agent for washing the furnace bottom adopts a mode of adding slag in batches to reduce the melting point of the slag, and slag splashing at a high lance position is used for keeping the slag with the low melting point at the furnace bottom so as to prevent the slag from splashing on the furnace lining to accelerate the corrosion of the furnace lining. The invention can quickly wash the bottom of the furnace, has little influence on the furnace lining, obviously improves the metallurgical effect of the converter after the slag layer thickness of the bottom of the furnace is obviously reduced, and can effectively solve the problem that the furnace lining is easy to be corroded by the traditional furnace bottom washing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a slag modifier for washing a furnace bottom and a using method thereof.
Background
When the converter steelmaking is carried out, because the alkalinity of the slag is higher, the MgO content in the slag reaches or exceeds a saturation value, the temperature of a hearth is reduced after the converter is turned over and the steel is tapped, and partial high-melting-point substances (MgO and C)2S、C3S) is separated out, the viscosity of the slag is increased, and most of the slag is remained at the bottom of the furnace except for part of the slag adhered to the furnace wall and the furnace lining during slag splashing and is combined with magnesia carbon brick periclase crystals at the bottom of the furnace, so that the bottom of the furnace is raised.
Make the interior reaction space of stove diminish after the stove bottom rises, the dephosphorization effect worsens, still leads to the splash easily simultaneously, brings the safe risk when increasing the steelmaking cost, along with the popularization and application who stays sediment reinforced technology, the problem that the stove bottom rises more and more outstanding, influences converter production and moves in the same direction as going forward.
In the method, a boric sludge-magnesia slag regulating agent is added into the furnace before tapping to reduce slag viscosity, so that the slag accumulation and furnace bottom slagging of a single-side furnace wall lining in the tapping process can be prevented, the subsequent tapping adopts slag leaving and steel leaving operations, secondary slag regulation is carried out after the tapping is finished, namely, a magnesia carbon slag regulating agent (coke powder and a material containing magnesium oxide) is added into slag remaining in the furnace, and then a slag splashing furnace protection process is carried out. The method is characterized in that the slag is adjusted by using coke powder and a material (or magnesia) containing magnesium oxide, which are materials containing MgO, and the slag melting point is further increased after the slag is adjusted, and the furnace bottom is further increased after slag splashing.
CN1434133, published in 8/6/2003, discloses a method for controlling rising and slag splashing at the bottom of a converter, which is characterized in that fluorite is uniformly added into the converter through oxygen flow while an oxygen lance is lifted at the end point of blowing of steel in each converter; after tapping, determining to select slag splashing materials according to the temperature of the converter end slag, iron oxide and the oxygen content in the furnace bottom steel slag; the distance between the oxygen lance nozzle and the slag surface at the bottom of the furnace is 0.6-1.5 m; the nitrogen supply intensity is 3.3-4.0NM3Per ton of steel; starting slag splashing, wherein the nitrogen blowing time is 1-4 minutes; slag splashing ends when the slag is not yet solidified. The method adopts fluorite to wash the furnace bottom, the fluorite resource is in short supply and is easy to cause pollution to the environment, and the use is gradually reduced at present.
The furnace bottom washing operation is a conventional method for controlling the thickness of the furnace bottom, but in the existing furnace bottom washing method, the fluorite furnace bottom washing can strongly erode the furnace lining, and is generally not recommended to be adopted; silicomanganese slag washing of the furnace bottom has been rarely used because it is uneconomical. Therefore, it is necessary to research an economical and applicable slag regulating agent special for washing the furnace bottom.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the furnace lining is easy to erode by the existing furnace bottom washing method.
The present invention solves the technical problemsThe technical scheme adopted by the subject is as follows: the slag regulating agent for washing the bottom of the furnace comprises the following components: al (Al)2O330-45％，SiO210-20％，Fe2O310-20%, CaO 3-8%, and the balance impurities.
Further, the slag regulating agent for washing the furnace bottom comprises the following components: al (Al)2O332-38％，SiO212-16％，Fe2O313-17 percent of CaO, 4-6 percent of CaO and the balance of impurities.
The slag regulating agent for washing the furnace bottom has the granularity of 3-8 mm.
Furthermore, the granularity of the slag regulating agent for washing the furnace bottom is 4-6 mm.
The use method of the slag regulating agent for washing the furnace bottom comprises the following steps: adding slag regulating agent in batches after oxygen blowing and during slag splashing.
Further, the use method of the slag regulating agent for washing the furnace bottom comprises the following steps:
a. when the furnace bottom rises, adding 1-2kg/t steel of a first batch of slag modifier after oxygen blowing is finished, and tapping;
b. after tapping, adopting nitrogen to splash slag, wherein the gun position is 2-3m, the slag splashing pressure is 0.7-0.9MPa, adding 1-2kg/t of second slag modifier after 30-45s of slag splashing, and continuing to splash slag.
In the step a, the judgment standard of the rising of the furnace bottom is that the bottom-blowing air brick is covered by the slag.
In the step a, the end point of the converter is controlled to be that carbon is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the tapping temperature is more than or equal to 1670 ℃.
In the step b, the total slag splashing time is 60-180 s.
And after the slag splashing is finished, if the furnace bottom air brick is still covered by the slag layer, continuously keeping the furnace slag in the furnace for smelting, and repeating the steps during the next furnace smelting until the furnace bottom air brick is not covered by the slag layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the slag modifier of the invention is obviously different from the traditional slag modifier, and mainly shows that the main component of the slag modifier is Al2O3And Fe2O3Low alkalinity, no MgO, and the main purpose is to reduce the melting point of furnace bottom slag and weaken the furnace protection effect of the slag, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the melting point of furnace bottom slag and the furnace protection effect of the slagTo the purpose of washing the furnace bottom. A large amount of Al in the slag modifier2O3And Fe2O3The melting point of the furnace slag can be obviously reduced, and preparation is made for slag splashing and furnace washing; SiO 22CaO mainly plays a role in properly reducing the alkalinity of the slag, and the slag fluidity can be enhanced and the melting point of the slag can be reduced after the alkalinity of the slag is reduced.
The use method of the slag modifier adopts the steps of adding the slag modifier in batches, and when the slag modifier is added for the first time, the temperature in the converter at the end point is utilized to quickly melt the slag modifier so as to prepare for slag splashing and washing; the second slag modifier is added by utilizing Fe in the slag modifier2O3And (3) rapidly cooling the slag, and adopting slag splashing at the high lance position to enable the low-melting-point slag to be uniformly left at the furnace bottom as far as possible so as to prevent the slag from splashing on the furnace lining to accelerate the corrosion of the furnace lining. The slag modifier of the invention does not contain MgO, does not need a large amount of coke, has small influence on a furnace lining, and obviously improves the combined blowing effect of the converter after the thickness of a slag layer at the bottom of the furnace is obviously reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention can be specifically implemented as follows.
The slag regulating agent for washing the bottom of the furnace comprises the following components: al (Al)2O330-45％，SiO210-20％，Fe2O310-20%, CaO 3-8%, and the balance impurities.
In order to achieve a better bottom washing effect, the slag regulating agent for washing the bottom of the furnace preferably comprises the following components: al (Al)2O332-38％，SiO212-16％，Fe2O313-17 percent of CaO, 4-6 percent of CaO and the balance of impurities.
The slag regulating agent for washing the bottom of the furnace is formed by pressing balls according to the components, and the slag regulating agent breaks through a slag layer after being added from a high-level storage bin due to overlarge granularity and enters molten steel, so that the purpose of regulating slag cannot be achieved; and if the granularity is too small, the slag modifier can not achieve the expected slag modifying effect on the surface of the slag, so that the granularity of the slag modifier for washing the furnace bottom is preferably 3-8mm, more preferably 4-6mm, and the granularity range can ensure that the slag modifier enters a slag layer without breaking the slag layer and enters molten steel when the slag modifier is added.
The use method of the slag regulating agent for washing the furnace bottom comprises the following steps: adding slag regulating agent in batches after oxygen blowing and during slag splashing.
Preferably, the use method of the slag modifier for washing the furnace bottom comprises the following steps:
a. when the furnace bottom rises, adding 1-2kg/t steel of a first batch of slag modifier after oxygen blowing is finished, and tapping;
b. after tapping, adopting nitrogen to splash slag, wherein the gun position is 2-3m, the slag splashing pressure is 0.7-0.9MPa, adding 1-2kg/t of second slag modifier after 30-45s of slag splashing, and continuing to splash slag.
In the step a, the judgment standard of the rising of the furnace bottom is that the bottom-blowing air brick is covered by the slag.
In order to achieve a better furnace bottom washing effect, the converter end point is controlled to be carbon less than or equal to 0.05% in the step a, the tapping temperature is greater than or equal to 1670 ℃, the slag modifier can be rapidly melted at the temperature to reduce the melting point of the slag, and meanwhile, the slag has good fluidity and lower melting point, so that the corrosion resistance of the slag is weak.
And (c) slag splashing at the high lance position is adopted to enable the low-melting-point slag to be uniformly left at the furnace bottom as much as possible, so that the slag is prevented from splashing on the furnace lining, the corrosion of the furnace lining is accelerated, and meanwhile, in order to achieve a better furnace bottom washing effect and reduce the cost, the total slag splashing time in the step b is preferably 60-180 s.
And after the slag splashing is finished, if the furnace bottom air brick is still covered by the slag layer, continuously keeping the furnace slag in the furnace for smelting, and repeating the steps during the next furnace smelting until the furnace bottom air brick is not covered by the slag layer. The invention can be used for quickly washing the bottom of the furnace, and has little influence on the furnace lining.
The technical solution and effects of the present invention will be further described below by way of practical examples.
Examples
Example 1:
in 200t top-bottom combined blown converter in a certain factory, when the furnace bottom rises, the furnace slag covers the furnace bottom air brick, so that the combined blown metallurgical effect is poor, and the thickness of the slag layer covering the furnace bottom air brick is measured by a thickness gaugeThe degree reaches 300mm, and the thickness of the slag splashing layer of the furnace lining is 4.6 mm. The base converter mainly uses low-carbon steel and ultra-low-carbon steel for smelting, the thickness of the converter bottom is reduced, bottom-blown bricks are visualized, the carbon at the end point of the converter is controlled to be 0.05 percent, and the tapping temperature is 1678 ℃ during converter smelting. After the oxygen blowing is finished, 1kg/t steel (the main component and the granularity are Al) of slag regulating agent is added on the slag surface in the furnace2O330％，SiO220％，Fe2O320 percent, CaO8 percent and the balance of impurities, and the granularity is 5 mm). And (4) splashing slag after tapping, wherein the splashing slag adopts a high gun position, and the gun position is controlled to be 2.2 m. And (3) adopting nitrogen for slag splashing, adding a second batch of slag regulating agent after 30s of slag splashing under the slag splashing pressure of 0.8MPa, wherein the adding amount is 1.5kg/t of steel, and stopping slag splashing after 120s of slag splashing is continued. And (3) after slag splashing is finished, the air brick is invisible, the furnace slag is continuously left in the furnace for smelting, and after the same operation 2 is adopted, the operation is stopped when the air brick at the bottom of the furnace is visible (the thickness of the slag layer covered on the air brick at the bottom of the furnace is 0 mm).
The method of the invention can be adopted to wash the furnace bottom 2, so that the thickness of the slag layer of the air brick at the furnace bottom can be reduced from 300mm to 0mm, the thickness of the slag splashing layer of the furnace lining is 4.5mm, the thickness of the slag splashing layer at the furnace bottom is obviously reduced, and the thickness of the slag splashing layer of the furnace lining is not obviously changed. The carbon-oxygen product of the molten steel is reduced from 0.0025 to 0.0019 before and after the adoption of the invention, the dephosphorization rate is improved from 81.3 percent to 85.2 percent, the TFe content of the slag is reduced from 19.5 percent to 16.8 percent, and the combined blowing effect of the converter is obviously improved after the thickness of the slag layer at the bottom of the converter is obviously reduced.
Example 2:
in a 200t top-bottom combined blown converter in a certain plant, when the bottom of the converter rises, furnace slag covers the bottom air brick, so that the combined blown metallurgical effect is poor, the thickness of the slag layer covering the bottom air brick reaches 200mm through the measurement of a thickness gauge, and the thickness of the slag splashing layer of the furnace lining is 5 mm. The base converter mainly uses low-carbon steel and ultra-low-carbon steel for smelting, the thickness of the bottom of the converter is reduced, bottom-blown bricks are visualized, and when the converter is smelted, the end-point carbon of the converter is controlled to be 0.03%, and the tapping temperature is 1680 ℃. After the oxygen blowing is finished, 2kg/t of steel (the main component and the granularity are Al) as slag regulating agent is added on the slag surface in the furnace2O345％，SiO215％，Fe2O315 percent, CaO8 percent and the balance of impurities, and the granularity is 6 mm). Splashing slag after tapping, the splashing slag is highThe gun position is controlled to be 2.5 m. And (3) slag splashing adopts nitrogen, the slag splashing pressure is 0.9MPa, a second batch of slag adjusting agent is added after 45s of slag splashing, the adding amount is 2kg/t of steel, slag splashing is stopped after 180s of slag splashing, the furnace bottom air brick is visible, slag is poured, the operation is stopped, and the next furnace is normally produced.
The thickness of the slag layer of the air brick at the bottom of the furnace is reduced from 200mm to 0mm by only 1 furnace, while the thickness of the slag splashing layer of the furnace lining is 4.9mm, the thickness of the slag splashing layer at the bottom of the furnace is obviously reduced, and the thickness of the slag splashing layer of the furnace lining is not obviously changed. The carbon-oxygen product of the molten steel is reduced from 0.0024 to 0.0018 before and after the adoption of the invention, the dephosphorization rate is improved from 81.2% to 85.8%, the TFe content of the slag is reduced from 19.9% to 16.5%, and the combined blowing effect of the converter is obviously improved after the thickness of the slag layer at the bottom of the converter is obviously reduced.
Comparative example 1
In a 200t top-bottom combined blown converter in a certain plant, when the bottom of the converter rises, furnace slag covers the bottom air brick, so that the combined blown metallurgical effect is poor, and the thickness of the slag layer on the bottom air brick reaches 200mm by measuring with a thickness gauge. In order to reduce the thickness of the furnace bottom and visualize the bottom-blown brick, the end point carbon of the converter is controlled to be 0.08 percent, and the tapping temperature is 1640 ℃. And after oxygen blowing is finished, a slag regulating agent is not added, slag is directly splashed after tapping is finished, and the position of a slag splashing gun is controlled to be 1 m. The slag splashing is stopped after the slag splashing pressure is 0.9MPa and 180s, the thickness of the slag layer covering the air brick at the bottom of the converter is measured to reach 300mm by a thickness gauge after the operation, the bottom of the converter becomes thicker and thicker, the carbon-oxygen deposit of the molten steel at the end point is increased from 0.0025 to 0.0030, the dephosphorization rate is reduced from 81.2% to 75.8%, the TFe content of the slag is increased from 19.9% to 21.5%, and the re-blowing effect of the converter is further deteriorated.
Comparative example 2:
in a 200t top-bottom combined blown converter in a certain plant, when the bottom of the converter rises, furnace slag covers the bottom air brick, so that the combined blown metallurgical effect is poor, and the thickness of the slag layer on the bottom air brick reaches 200mm by measuring with a thickness gauge. The base converter mainly uses low-carbon steel and ultra-low-carbon steel for smelting, the thickness of the bottom of the converter is reduced, bottom-blown bricks are visualized, and when the converter is smelted, the end-point carbon of the converter is controlled to be 0.03%, and the tapping temperature is 1680 ℃. 3kg/t steel (the main component and the granularity are Al) slag regulating agent is added on the slag surface in the furnace after the oxygen blowing is finished2O325％，SiO28％，Fe2O325 percent, CaO20 percent and the balance of impurities, and the granularity is 15 mm). And (4) splashing slag after tapping, wherein the splashing slag adopts a high gun position, and the gun position is controlled to be 2.5 m. And (3) slag splashing adopts nitrogen, the slag splashing pressure is 0.9MPa, a second batch of slag regulating agent is added after slag splashing for 45s, the adding amount is 0.8kg/t of steel, and slag splashing is stopped after slag splashing for 180 s.
After the operation is adopted, the thickness of a slag layer covered on the air brick at the bottom of the furnace is measured by a thickness gauge and is further increased to 250mm, the slag regulating components are not suitable, and the granularity of the slag regulating agent is too large, so that the slag regulating agent is added before tapping and penetrates through the slag layer to enter molten steel, the slag regulating effect cannot be achieved, and the slag regulating agent in the second batch has poor slag regulating effect due to insufficient addition amount, and the aim of washing the bottom of the furnace cannot be achieved. Further raising of the furnace bottom causes the carbon oxygen product of the final molten steel to be increased from 0.0025 to 0.0028, the dephosphorization rate is reduced from 81.2% to 78.8%, the TFe content of the slag is increased from 19.9% to 20.5%, and the combined blowing effect of the converter is further deteriorated.
The embodiment and the comparative example show that the slag modifier and the use method thereof have simple operation and small influence on the furnace lining, and can effectively wash the furnace bottom to improve the metallurgical effect of the converter.
Claims (9)
1. The slag regulating agent for washing the bottom of the furnace is characterized by comprising the following components: al (Al)2O330-45％，SiO210-20％，Fe2O310-20%, CaO 3-8%, and the balance impurities.
2. The slag modifier for washing the bottom of the furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components: al (Al)2O332-38％，SiO212-16％，Fe2O313-17 percent of CaO, 4-6 percent of CaO and the balance of impurities.
3. The slag modifier for washing the bottom of a furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the granularity of the slag modifier is 3-8 mm.
4. The slag modifier for washing the bottom of the furnace according to claim 3, wherein: the granularity of the slag modifier is 4-6 mm.
5. The use method of the slag modifier for washing the bottom of the furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: adding slag regulating agent in batches after oxygen blowing and during slag splashing.
6. The use method of the slag modifier for washing the bottom of the furnace as claimed in claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. when the furnace bottom rises, adding 1-2kg/t steel of a first batch of slag modifier after oxygen blowing is finished, and tapping;
b. after tapping, adopting nitrogen to splash slag, wherein the gun position is 2-3m, the slag splashing pressure is 0.7-0.9MPa, adding 1-2kg/t of second slag modifier after 30-45s of slag splashing, and continuing to splash slag.
7. The use method of the slag modifier for washing the bottom of the furnace as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: in the step a, the judgment standard of the furnace bottom rising is that the bottom blowing air brick is covered by the slag.
8. The use method of the slag modifier for washing the bottom of the furnace as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: in the step a, the end point of the converter is controlled to be that carbon is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the tapping temperature is more than or equal to 1670 ℃.
9. The use method of the slag modifier for washing the bottom of the furnace as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: in the step b, the total slag splashing time is 60-180 s.
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