CN113224868A - Alternating current reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an alternating current reluctance motor, and belongs to the field of motors. The alternating current reluctance motor comprises a stator core, distributed windings and a rotor core, wherein the stator core is provided with teeth and slots according to the structural form of the stator core of the alternating current asynchronous motor, the distributed windings are installed in the slots of the stator core according to the winding arrangement mode of the alternating current asynchronous motor, the rotor core is provided with rotor salient poles and rotor slots according to the structural form of the rotor core of the switched reluctance motor, and the number of the rotor salient poles and the number of the rotor slots are equal to the number of magnetic poles formed by excitation of the distributed windings. The invention creates the alternating current reluctance motor by combining the stator structure of the alternating current asynchronous motor and the rotor structure of the switched reluctance motor, and compared with the switched reluctance motor, the invention realizes three-phase alternating current energization and improves the power density; compared with an alternating current asynchronous motor, the reluctance starting is realized, and the starting current is reduced.

Description

Alternating current reluctance motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to an alternating current reluctance motor.

Background

The switch reluctance motor is electrified in a mode that each phase winding is electrified independently in turn, and each phase cannot be electrified simultaneously, so that the power density is low; the working principle of the switched reluctance motor is that forward torque is generated by reducing the reluctance, induction current is not generated, and therefore starting current is small.

The alternating current asynchronous motor is powered on in a mode that each phase winding is powered on in an alternating current combination mode, and each phase can be powered on simultaneously, so that the power density is high; the working principle of the alternating current asynchronous motor is that induced current is utilized to generate forward torque, the induced current is generated in the whole working process, and the maximum induced current of the slip ratio is the largest when the alternating current asynchronous motor is just started, so that the starting current is higher.

The switch reluctance motor and the alternating current asynchronous motor respectively have advantages and disadvantages in performance, whether the advantages of the two motors are combined or not can be overcome, and the problem which needs to be solved in the prior art is solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an alternating current reluctance motor, which is a novel motor, namely the alternating current reluctance motor, is created by adopting the design of combining an alternating current asynchronous motor stator and a switched reluctance motor rotor, and the motor can ensure higher power density and lower starting current.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:

the utility model provides an alternating current reluctance motor, alternating current reluctance motor includes stator core, distributed winding and rotor core, stator core sets up tooth and groove according to alternating current asynchronous machine's stator core structural style, distributed winding installs the inslot at stator core according to alternating current asynchronous machine's winding arrangement, rotor core sets up rotor salient pole and rotor slot according to switched reluctance machine's rotor core structural style, rotor salient pole quantity, rotor slot quantity with the magnetic pole quantity that distributed winding excitation formed equals.

In the invention, further, the number of teeth and the number of slots of the stator core are both equal to the product of the number of distributed windings and the number of excitation poles, that is, the number of edges of the same pole coil of the distributed windings of the same phase is 1, and the number of slots correspondingly installed is 1, so that the stator core has the minimum number of teeth and slots of the distributed windings.

In the present invention, further, the outer end portion of the stator core tooth is defined as a tooth crest; the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole is arranged into a step shape with a high middle and two low sides, namely the step shape with a small middle air gap and two large air gaps, the high middle part is defined as a pole top, the low two sides are both defined as pole wings, and the part connected with the yoke part of the rotor iron core is defined as a pole body; the circumferential width of the pole top and the circumferential width of the pole body are both larger than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth top; the circumferential width of each step of the polar wing is smaller than that of the tooth crest, and the larger the air gap is, the smaller the width is; the minimum circumferential widths of the rotor slots are all larger than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth crests and smaller than or equal to 1.5 times of the circumferential width of the tooth crests, and the maximum circumferential widths of the rotor salient poles are all larger than or equal to 2 times of the circumferential width of the tooth crests and smaller than or equal to 2.5 times of the circumferential width of the tooth crests.

In the present invention, the circumferential width of the pole tip and the maximum radial depth of the rotor groove are both equal to the circumferential width of the tooth crest, and the pole wings protrude from both sides of the pole body, that is, the portion between the pole wing and the yoke portion of the rotor core is also hollowed out as the rotor groove, so that the width of the pole body is reduced.

In the present invention, the rotor core further includes a conducting ring disposed on the rotor core so as to surround the pole body of each of the rotor salient poles.

In the invention, the two axial ends of the conducting ring are communicated with each other through a conductor to form the rotor induction squirrel cage.

In the invention, the rotor core further comprises permanent magnets instead of the conducting rings, the permanent magnets are axially arranged in the salient pole bodies and form a radial magnetic pole magnetic circuit, and the magnetized rotor salient poles are alternately distributed in N, S, N, S.

The working principle of the alternating current reluctance motor is as follows: the distributed winding is electrified with alternating current, stator excitation is a rotating magnetic field to form rotating magnetic poles, the rotor salient poles are attracted by the stator magnetic poles and have an alignment trend to minimize magnetic circuit reluctance, torque is further generated, and the rotor salient poles rotate along with the stator magnetic poles under the action of the rotating magnetic field. At a certain moment in a starting stage, the slip ratio is still large, the stator magnetic pole is probably close to the rotor salient pole at the rear part of the rotor salient pole, the rotating direction of the rotor is opposite to the rotating direction of the stator magnetic field at the moment, but the stator magnetic pole is fast rotated to the front part of the rotor salient pole to be close to the rotor salient pole, the rotating direction of the rotor is the same as the rotating direction of the stator magnetic field at the moment, when the attractive force of the stator rotating magnetic pole and the rotor salient pole is larger than a load, the stator rotating magnetic pole and the rotor salient pole keep relatively fixed front and back positions, the rotor salient pole rotates along with the stator magnetic pole at the moment, and finally, the synchronous rotating speed is realized. In the process of rotating the stator magnetic pole and the rotor, the stator magnetic pole rotates to the current tooth of the stator iron core, the pole top of the salient pole of the rotor tends to align with the current tooth, and the magnetic pole rotates to the next tooth at the same time.

Because the structure of the rotor adopts the structure of the rotor of the switched reluctance motor, induction current is not generated when the motor is started, so that the starting current of the motor is smaller; in the working process, the windings of all the phases are electrified in an alternating current combination mode, all the phases can be electrified simultaneously, and therefore the advantage of high power density can be kept.

The invention can also set conducting ring on the rotor salient pole, when starting, the magnetic field changes when the rotor salient pole position changes, the conducting ring generates induction current, and further generates magnetic pole acting force to increase starting force, but because the reluctance torque is the main torque, the starting current is still smaller than the AC asynchronous motor, and meanwhile, the material consumption of the induction cage is reduced by 2/3 compared with the AC asynchronous motor.

The permanent magnet can be arranged on the rotor convex pole, when the motor is started, the permanent magnet generates magnetic pole acting force to increase starting capability, and induction current is not generated, so that the starting current is smaller than that of an alternating current asynchronous motor, and meanwhile, the using amount of the permanent magnet is reduced by 2/3 compared with that of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention further improves by combining the stator structure of the alternating current asynchronous motor and the rotor structure of the switched reluctance motor and arranging the pole wings on the salient poles of the rotor, thereby creating the alternating current reluctance motor, compared with the switched reluctance motor, realizing three-phase alternating current energization and improving the power density; compared with an alternating current asynchronous motor, the reluctance starting is realized, the starting current is reduced, and the reluctance starting device is mainly applied to the field of motors. When the alternating current reluctance motor is in a soft load, such as a fan load and a pump load, the alternating current reluctance motor can be directly connected with an alternating current power supply for starting; and when the load is hard, the frequency conversion starting can be realized by using an alternating current frequency converter.

2. The invention forms a step air gap between the rotor salient pole wing, the pole top and the tooth top of the stator core by arranging the pole wings, namely, a step magnetic resistance is formed, the rotating magnetic field rotates on the stator core tooth by tooth, the rotor salient pole aligns with the magnetic poles of the stator core tooth by tooth along with the rotating magnetic field, a step change magnetic resistance is formed in the aligning process, the magnetic resistance fluctuation is smaller, the torque pulsation is smaller, and the running noise of the motor is smaller. In the invention, the pole wings protrude out of two sides of the pole body, namely, rotor slots are also dug between the pole wings and the yoke part of the rotor core, thereby reducing the rotor quality, improving the starting capability of the motor, saving the material of the rotor and reducing the cost of the motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ac reluctance motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator core of an ac reluctance motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor core of an ac reluctance motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor core of an ac reluctance motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor core of an ac reluctance motor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

The meanings of the labels in the figures are: 10-stator core, 11-teeth, 11 a-tooth top, 12-slots, 20-A phase distributed winding, 30-B phase distributed winding, 40-C phase distributed winding, 50-rotor core, 51-rotor salient pole, 52-rotor slot, 51 a-pole top, 51B-pole wing, 51C-pole body, 53-conducting ring, and 54-permanent magnet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments with reference to fig. 1-5. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides an alternating current reluctance motor which comprises a stator core 10, distributed windings and a rotor core 50, wherein the stator core 10 is provided with teeth 11 and slots 12 according to the structural form of the stator core of an alternating current asynchronous motor, the specific structure is that a plurality of spaced stator teeth 11 are arranged on the inner side of the stator core 10, the stator teeth 11 extend in the radial direction, adjacent stator teeth 11 are spaced by stator slots 12, and the stator slots 12 are semi-closed slots. The distributed winding is arranged in the slots 12 of the stator core 10 in a winding arrangement of the alternating current asynchronous motor, the rotor core 50 is provided with rotor salient poles 51 and rotor slots 52 in a rotor core structure of the switched reluctance motor, namely, a plurality of spaced rotor salient poles 51 are arranged outside the rotor core 50, the rotor salient poles 51 extend in the radial direction, and the adjacent rotor salient poles 51 are spaced by the rotor slots 52; the number of the rotor salient poles 51 and the number of the rotor slots 52 are equal to the number of the magnetic poles formed by the distributed winding excitation. The motor designed by the invention is different from the existing asynchronous motor, synchronous reluctance motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor. The existing asynchronous motor, synchronous reluctance motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor are all provided with no rotor slots, and the existing switched reluctance motor is a centralized winding. In order to ensure the magnetic flux efficiency of the conventional asynchronous motor, synchronous reluctance motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor in principle, the excircle of the rotor must be a full circle, and the rotor is not allowed to be provided with a rotor slot.

Through the arrangement of the stator and the rotor structure, when the motor is started, the rotor does not generate induced current, so that the starting current of the motor is small; in the working process, the windings of all the phases are electrified in an alternating current combination mode, all the phases can be electrified simultaneously, and therefore the advantage of high power density can be kept.

In some preferred embodiments, the number of teeth and the number of slots of the stator core 10 are equal to the product of the number of distributed windings and the number of poles, that is, the number of sides of the same pole coil of the distributed windings of the same phase is 1, and the number of slots correspondingly installed is 1. The same utmost point coil limit number of same phase distributed winding is 1, makes the magnetized biggest number of teeth of same utmost point of stator core 10 excitation back be 2, the minimum number of teeth is 1, and the biggest magnetization number of teeth is minimum with minimum magnetization number of teeth ratio value, and the rotor salient pole 51 of being convenient for sets up the ladder air gap, and the magnetic pole conversion number of teeth span is little, and the air gap value span is also little, makes the biggest air gap also can set to less reasonable value. The existing asynchronous motor can ensure that a rotor conductor is cut when an excitation magnetic pole changes and rotates only by a certain slip ratio in principle, and simultaneously, because the number of the tooth slots of the stator is more than that of the rotor conductor, the number of the coil sides of the same pole of the same phase distributed winding of the existing asynchronous motor is more than 2, which is different from the essence of the invention.

In some preferred embodiments, the outer end of the stator core teeth 11 is defined as a tooth top 11 a; the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51 is arranged in a step shape with a high middle and two low sides, namely a step shape with a small middle air gap and two large air gaps, the high middle part is defined as a pole top 51a, the low two sides are both defined as pole wings 51b, and the part connecting the yoke parts of the rotor core 50 is defined as a pole body 51 c; the circumferential width of the pole top 51a and the circumferential width of the pole body 51c are both larger than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth top 11 a; the circumferential width of each step of the pole wing 51b is smaller than that of the tooth crest 11a, and the larger the air gap is, the smaller the width is; the minimum circumferential widths of the rotor slots 52 are each greater than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11a and less than or equal to 1.5 times the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11a, and the maximum circumferential widths of the rotor salient poles 51 are each greater than or equal to 2 times the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11a and less than or equal to 2.5 times the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11 a. According to the invention, the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51 is set to be in a step shape with a high middle and two low sides, so that an air gap between the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51 and the stator tooth crest 11a is a step air gap, namely, a step magnetic resistance is formed, a rotating magnetic field rotates on the stator iron core 10 tooth by tooth, the rotor salient pole 51 aligns with the magnetic pole of the stator iron core 10 tooth by tooth along with the rotating magnetic field, a step change magnetic resistance is formed in the aligning process, the magnetic resistance fluctuation is smaller, the torque pulsation is smaller, and the operation noise of the motor is smaller.

In addition, pole tips 51a are provided with pole wings 51b on both sides thereof so as to widen the circumferential width of the radially outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51, and during the rotation of the stator magnetic pole and the rotor salient pole 51, the stator magnetic pole is rotated to the current tooth 11 of the stator core 10, the rotor salient pole tip 51a is tending to align with the current tooth 11 while the stator magnetic pole is rotated to the next tooth 11, and after the pole wings 51b are provided, the circumferential width of the radially outer side surface is widened, and the rotor salient pole tips 51b can tend to align with the next tooth 11 at the same time, so that the torque transmission between the teeth is continuous, and the follow-up rotation is realized. Preferably, the circumferential width of the pole tip 51a and the maximum radial depth of the rotor groove 52 are equal to the circumferential width of the tooth tip 11 a. It is preferable that the pole piece 51b is protruded on both sides of the pole body 51c, that is, a portion between the pole piece 51b and the yoke portion of the rotor core 50 is also hollowed out as the rotor slot 52, thereby reducing the width of the pole body 51 c. Therefore, the quality of the rotor is reduced, the starting performance of the motor is improved, the material of the rotor is saved, and the cost of the motor is reduced.

In some preferred embodiments, the rotor core 50 further includes a conductive ring 53, and the conductive ring 53 is disposed on the rotor core 50 to surround the body 51c of each of the rotor salient poles 51. By arranging the conducting ring 53, during starting, the conducting ring 53 generates induction current, so that magnetic pole acting force is generated to increase starting force, but because reluctance torque is main torque, the starting current is still smaller than that of an alternating current asynchronous motor, and meanwhile, the material consumption of an induction squirrel cage of the alternating current asynchronous motor is reduced 2/3. One skilled in the art can also connect the two axial ends of the conductive ring 53 to each other through a conductor to form a rotor induction cage.

In some preferred embodiments, the rotor core 50 further includes permanent magnets 54, the conductive rings 53 are replaced by the permanent magnets 54, the permanent magnets 54 are axially disposed in the salient pole bodies 51c and form a radial magnetic pole magnetic circuit, and the magnetized rotor salient poles 51 are distributed alternately in N, S, N, S. When starting, the permanent magnet 54 generates magnetic pole acting force to increase starting capability, and does not generate induced current, so the starting current is smaller than that of an alternating current asynchronous motor, and meanwhile, the using amount of the permanent magnet 54 is reduced by 2/3 compared with that of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a stator-rotor structure of an ac reluctance machine is shown, the machine includes a stator core 10, distributed windings and a rotor core 50, and with continued reference to fig. 2, the stator core 10 is provided with teeth 11 and slots 12 according to a stator core structure form of an ac asynchronous machine, where the number of teeth and the number of slots are 12, the distributed windings are installed in the slots 12 of the stator core 10 according to a winding arrangement manner of the ac asynchronous machine, and in this embodiment, are set to 3 phases, including an a-phase distributed winding 20, a B-phase distributed winding 30, a C-phase distributed winding 40, and the 3-phase distributed windings are excited to form 4 stator poles after being energized. Continuing to refer to fig. 3, the rotor core 50 is arranged according to the structural form of the rotor core 50 of the switched reluctance motor, and includes a yoke portion of the rotor core 50 and rotor salient poles 51, the number of the rotor salient poles 51 is 4, and is equal to the number of magnetic poles formed by distributed winding excitation; the number of teeth and the number of slots of the stator core 10 are equal to the product of the number of distributed windings and the number of excitation poles, namely the number of edges of the same pole coil of the distributed windings of the same phase is 1, and the number of correspondingly installed slots is 1; the three-phase distributed winding has two current-phase and no-current excitation magnetic poles with two teeth, the three-phase current excitation magnetic poles with one tooth, the two phases with current-phase and no-current are in an instantaneous state, and the rest of time is a long-time state of three-phase current, so that the excitation magnetic poles are equivalent to tooth-by-tooth conversion and tooth-by-tooth rotation, and the number of the same-pole coil sides of the same-phase distributed winding is 1, which is a necessary condition for realizing tooth-by-tooth conversion and tooth-by-tooth rotation of the excitation magnetic poles and is also an optimal condition. Therefore, the motor of the embodiment is different from the existing asynchronous motor, synchronous reluctance motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor.

In the present embodiment, specifically, the outer end portion of the stator core teeth 11 is defined as a tooth crest 11 a; the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51 is arranged in a step shape with a high middle and two low sides, namely, the step shape with a small middle air gap and two large side air gaps, so that a step air gap is formed between the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51 and the tooth top 11a of the stator core. A middle high portion is defined as a pole top 51a, both low portions are defined as pole wings 51b, and a portion connecting yoke portions of the rotor core 50 is defined as a pole body 51 c; the pole wing 51b protrudes from both sides of the pole body 51c, that is, the part between the pole wing 51b and the yoke part of the rotor core 50 is also hollowed into the rotor slot 52, so as to reduce the width of the pole body 51 c; the circumferential width of the pole top 51a and the circumferential width of the pole body 51c are both larger than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth top 11 a; the circumferential width of each step of the pole wing 51b is smaller than that of the tooth crest 11a, and the larger the air gap is, the smaller the width is; the minimum circumferential widths of the rotor slots 52 are each greater than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11a and less than or equal to 1.5 times the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11a, and the maximum circumferential widths of the rotor salient poles 51 are each greater than or equal to 2 times the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11a and less than or equal to 2.5 times the circumferential width of the tooth crests 11 a. Through the arrangement, a step air gap is formed between the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51 and the tooth top 11a of the stator core, namely, a step magnetic resistance is formed, the rotating magnetic field rotates on the stator core 10 tooth by tooth, the rotor salient pole 51 aligns with the magnetic pole of the stator core 10 tooth by tooth along with the rotating magnetic field, a step change magnetic resistance is formed in the aligning process, the magnetic resistance fluctuation is smaller, the torque pulsation is smaller, and the running noise of the motor is smaller.

The working principle of the alternating current reluctance motor is as follows: alternating current is conducted to the distributed windings, stator excitation is used as a rotating magnetic field to form rotating magnetic poles, the rotor salient poles 51 are attracted by the stator magnetic poles and have an alignment trend to minimize magnetic circuit reluctance, torque is further generated, and the rotor salient poles 51 rotate along with the stator magnetic poles under the action of the rotating magnetic field. At a certain moment in the starting stage, the slip ratio is still large, the stator magnetic pole may be close to the rotor salient pole 51 at the rear of the rotor salient pole 51, at this time, the rotor rotating direction is opposite to the stator rotating magnetic field direction, but quickly, the stator magnetic pole rotates to the front of the rotor salient pole 51 to be close to the rotor salient pole 51, at this time, the rotor rotating direction is the same as the stator rotating magnetic field direction, when the attraction force of the stator rotating magnetic pole and the rotor salient pole 51 is greater than the load, the stator rotating magnetic pole and the rotor salient pole 51 keep the relatively fixed front and rear positions, at this time, the rotor salient pole 51 rotates along with the stator magnetic pole, and finally, the synchronous rotating speed is realized. In the process of rotating the stator magnetic pole and the rotor, the stator magnetic pole rotates to the current tooth 11 of the stator core 10, the rotor salient pole top 51a tends to align with the current tooth 11, and the magnetic pole rotates to the next tooth 11 at the same time, so the invention arranges the pole wings 51b, increases the circumferential width of the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole 51, and the rotor salient pole wing 51b can tend to align to the next tooth 11 at the same time, thereby the torque transmission between the teeth 11 is continuous, and the following rotation is realized.

Example 2

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the arc length of the radially outer surface of each pole body 51c of the rotor core 50 is equal to the arc length of the radially outer surface of each tooth 11 of the stator core 10. Referring to fig. 4, the rotor core 50 further includes conducting rings 53, and the conducting rings 53 are disposed on the rotor core 50 to surround the pole bodies 51c of the rotor salient poles 51; the conducting ring 53 may be made of aluminum and die-cast onto the rotor core 50, or an aluminum wire or a copper wire may be wound onto the rotor core 50. By arranging the conducting ring 53, when the rotor salient pole 51 is started, the magnetic field changes along with the position change of the rotor salient pole, the conducting ring 53 generates induction current, further magnetic pole acting force is generated, and starting force is increased, but because reluctance torque is main torque, the starting current is still smaller than that of an alternating current asynchronous motor, and meanwhile, the material consumption of an induction squirrel cage of the alternating current asynchronous motor is reduced by 2/3. The person skilled in the art can further connect the two axial ends of the conducting ring 53 to each other through a conductor to form a rotor induction cage, when the rotor induction cage is started, the rotor induction cage generates an induction current, and further generates an ampere force to increase the starting capability, but because the reluctance torque is the main torque, the starting current is still smaller than that of the alternating current asynchronous motor, and meanwhile, the material consumption of the rotor induction cage is reduced by 1/2 compared with that of the alternating current asynchronous motor.

Example 3

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that permanent magnets 54 are used instead of the conductive rings 53, referring to fig. 5, the permanent magnets 54 are disposed on the rotor core 50, the permanent magnets 54 are disposed in the salient pole bodies 51c in the axial direction, and form a radial magnetic pole magnetic circuit, and the magnetized rotor salient poles 51 are alternately distributed in N, S, N, S. When the motor is started, the permanent magnet 54 generates magnetic pole acting force to increase the starting capability and does not generate induced current, so the starting current is smaller than that of an alternating current asynchronous motor, and meanwhile, the using amount of the permanent magnet 54 is reduced by 2/3 compared with that of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

The invention is not limited to the specific details of construction and arrangement of parts illustrated and described herein, which are presently preferred, since various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. An alternating current reluctance machine characterized by: the alternating current reluctance motor comprises a stator core, distributed windings and a rotor core, wherein the stator core is provided with teeth and slots according to the structural form of the stator core of the alternating current asynchronous motor, the distributed windings are arranged in the slots of the stator core according to the winding arrangement mode of the alternating current asynchronous motor, the rotor core is provided with rotor salient poles and rotor slots according to the structural form of the rotor core of the switched reluctance motor, and the quantity of the rotor salient poles and the quantity of the rotor slots are equal to the quantity of magnetic poles formed by excitation of the distributed windings.

2. An alternating current reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein: the number of teeth and the number of slots of the stator core are equal to the product of the number of distributed windings and the number of excitation poles, namely the number of edges of the same pole coil of the distributed windings of the same phase is 1, and the number of correspondingly installed slots is 1.

3. An alternating current reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein: the outer end part of the stator iron core tooth is defined as an addendum; the radial outer side surface of the rotor salient pole is arranged into a step shape with a high middle and two low sides, namely the step shape with a small middle air gap and two large air gaps, the high middle part is defined as a pole top, the low two sides are both defined as pole wings, and the part connected with the yoke part of the rotor iron core is defined as a pole body; the circumferential width of the pole top and the circumferential width of the pole body are both larger than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth top; the circumferential width of each step of the polar wing is smaller than that of the tooth crest, and the larger the air gap is, the smaller the width is; the minimum circumferential widths of the rotor slots are all larger than or equal to the circumferential width of the tooth crests and smaller than or equal to 1.5 times of the circumferential width of the tooth crests, and the maximum circumferential widths of the rotor salient poles are all larger than or equal to 2 times of the circumferential width of the tooth crests and smaller than or equal to 2.5 times of the circumferential width of the tooth crests.

4. An alternating current reluctance machine according to claim 3, wherein: the circumferential width of the pole top and the maximum radial depth of the rotor groove are equal to the circumferential width of the tooth top, the pole wings protrude out of two sides of the pole body, namely, the part between the pole wings and the yoke part of the rotor core is also hollowed into the rotor groove.

5. An alternating current reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor core further comprises conducting rings, and the conducting rings surround the pole bodies of the rotor salient poles and are arranged on the rotor core.

6. An alternating current reluctance machine according to claim 5, wherein: the axial two ends of the conducting ring are mutually communicated through a conductor to form a rotor induction squirrel cage.

7. An alternating current reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor iron core further comprises permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are axially arranged in the salient pole bodies and form a radial magnetic pole magnetic circuit, and the magnetized rotor salient poles are alternately distributed in N, S, N, S mode.

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