CN113224745A - 一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统及供电方法 - Google Patents

一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统及供电方法 Download PDF

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CN113224745A
CN113224745A CN202110554163.4A CN202110554163A CN113224745A CN 113224745 A CN113224745 A CN 113224745A CN 202110554163 A CN202110554163 A CN 202110554163A CN 113224745 A CN113224745 A CN 113224745A
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power
grid
power supply
module
hydrogen production
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徐显明
王金意
张畅
任志博
王鹏杰
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Group Technology Innovation Center Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Baoxinghe Hydropower Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Kangding Hydropower Co Ltd
Huaneng Mingtai Power Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Dongxiguan Hydropower Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Fujiang Hydropower Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Hydrogen Technology Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Jialingjiang Hydropower Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Taipingyi Hydropower Co Ltd
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Group Technology Innovation Center Co Ltd
Sichuan Huaneng Hydrogen Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN113224745A publication Critical patent/CN113224745A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/141365 priority patent/WO2022242174A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/109—Scheduling or re-scheduling the operation of the DC sources in a particular order, e.g. connecting or disconnecting the sources in sequential, alternating or in subsets, to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/1552—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a biphase or polyphase arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/1555—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with control circuit
    • H02M7/1557—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with control circuit with automatic control of the output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/162—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/1623—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration with control circuit
    • H02M7/1626—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration with control circuit with automatic control of the output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/2173—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a biphase or polyphase circuit arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统及供电方法，对非并网风电和电网整流变换模块进行控制，实现非并网风电和电网协同为电解水制氢负载供电的方法。当非并网风电输出功率在电解水制氢负载的额定工作功率的±5％范围时，单独由非并网风电给电解水制氢负载供电，保证电解水制氢负载的正常工作。当非并网风电输出功率大于电解水制氢负载的额定工作功率105％时，单独由非并网风电给电解水制氢负载供电，多余部分的电能可以通过增加电解水制氢负载11进行消纳；当非并网风电输出功率小于电解水制氢负载额定工作功率95％时，由非并网风电和电网协同给电解水制氢负载供电，保证电解水制氢负载的正常工作。

Description

一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统及供电方法
技术领域
本发明属于非并网风电和电网协同供电电解水制氢的电源技术领域，具体涉及一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统及供电方法。
背景技术
随着经济的迅速发展，对能源的需求日益旺盛，能源短缺以及化石能源所产生的环境污染问题日益尖锐。新能源资源潜力大，可持续利用，在满足能源需求、改善能源结构、减少环境污染、促进经济发展等方面发挥了重要作用，在能源安全和环境保护的双重压力下，太阳能、风能、氢能、核能、化学电源、生物质能及地热能、海洋能新能源等引起了国际社会的广泛关注。
氢能被誉为21世纪最具有发展前景的新能源，氢能作为绿色的新能源，具有环保、能量密度大、转换效率高、储量丰富和适用范围广等特点，氢的高能量密度使很小体积的氢能便可产生巨大的能量。
现有制氢技术主要包括化石燃料制氢(煤、石油、天然气)、电解水制氢和生物质制氢。目前，制氢产业以煤化工制氢为主要途径。但采用煤化工制氢存在耗水量大、二氧化碳排放量大等问题，与发展绿色能源的目标背道而驰。除化石燃料制氢技术外，电解水制氢是目前发展较成熟且应用较广泛的一种技术。电解水制氢工艺简单、污染低、制氢纯度高，是一种高效、清洁的制氢技术。电解水制氢是最具有潜力大规模制氢的一种技术，但电解水制氢耗电量大，电网供电电解水制氢势必给整个电网的安全稳定和运行调度带来超负荷的不良影响。
电解水制氢耗电量大的问题必须找到更好的电源系统来替代和缓解才能解决。风能作为一种新能源具有很好的发展前景，但风电具有典型的随机性和间歇性，大规模风电并网对电网的安全稳定有很大的不良影响，这也成为制约风电规模化发展的严重障碍。而非并网风电协同电网供电电解水制氢能有效的缓解单独电网供电电解水制氢耗电量大的问题，风力发电经过电解水制氢技术，将风能产生的电能转化为氢能进行储存，根据实际需要，还可以通过后续化工过程将氢能转化为其它的燃料。电解水制氢技术为风能和氢能的有利结合提供了一条捷径，有效的缓解了电网电解水制氢技术耗电量大的问题，同时能够有效的利用风能，实现可再生能源的能量储备和能源转换。非并网风电协同电网供电电解水制氢具有良好的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统及供电方法，利用非并网风电供电协同电网供电的方式，有效的缓解了单独利用电网供电电解水制氢耗电量大的问题，同时能够有效的利用风能，实现可再生能源的能量储备和能源转换。
为达到上述目的，本发明所述一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，包括非并网风电供电模块、电网供电模块和PLC控制模块，所述非并网风电供电模块和电网供电模块均连接至电解水制氢负载的供电电源输入端，所述PLC控制模块用于根据电解水制氢负载的额定功率和并网风电输出功率控制电网供电模块投入或切除。
进一步的，非并网风电供电模块包括风力发电机组和风电整流变换模块，所述风电整流变换模块输入端与风力发电机组连接，输出端连接至电解水制氢负载的供电电源输入端。
进一步的，风电整流变换模块包括第一AC/DC转换模块和DC/DC转换模块，所述第一AC/DC转换模块由三相桥式可控晶闸管整流电路组成，所述DC/DC转换模块为隔离型双向全桥DC-DC变换电路。
进一步的，电网供电模块包括电网整流变换模块，所述电网整流变换模块输入端与供电电网连接，输出端与连接至电解水制氢负载的供电电源输入端。
进一步的，电网整流变换模块包括交流变压器和连接在交流变压器副边绕组的第二AC/DC转换模块，所述第二AC/DC转换模块为三相全控整流电路。
进一步的，PLC控制模块的信号输入端连接有电压反馈模块和电流反馈模块，输出端连接有电流给定模块和电压给定模块；所述电流给定模块和电压给定模块的输出端均与触发板连接，所述触发板用于向非并网风电供电模块，电网供电模块发送触发信号，以对非并网风电供电模块，电网供电模块进行控制。
进一步的，电压反馈模块和安装在电解水制氢负载供电电源输入端的电压表连接，所述电流反馈模块和安装在电解水制氢负载供电电源输入端的分流器或霍尔电流传感器连接。
基于上述的电源系统的电解水制氢供电方法，
当非并网风电输出功率在95％PN～105％PN范围内时，仅由非并网风电供电模块给电解水制氢负载供电，PN为电解水制氢负载的额定工作功率；
当非并网风电输出功率＞105％PN时，仅由非并网风电供电模块给电解水制氢负载供电，多余的电能通过增加电解水制氢负载进行消纳；
当非并网风电输出功率＜95％PN时，由非并网风电供电模块和电网供电模块协同给电解水制氢负载供电；
当非并网风电输出功率＝0时，仅电网供电模块给电解水制氢负载供电。
与现有技术相比，本发明至少具有以下有益的技术效果：
一种智慧供电电解水制氢的电源系统利用PLC控制模块对风电和电网整流变换模块进行控制，实现非并网风电和电网协同为电解水制氢负载供电，有效的缓解了电网单独供电电解水制氢技术耗电量大的问题，进一步缓解了单独电网供电电解水制氢给整个电网的安全稳定和运行调度带来超负荷的不良影响，同时能够有效的利用风能，实现可再生能源的能量储备和能源转换。
一种智慧供电电解水制氢供电方法，根据负载大小，及时调整供电方式，在保证有效供电的前提下，尽量用非并网风电进行供电，当非并网风电供电量不足时，采用风电和电网供电配合的方式进行供电，能够有效的利用风能，实现可再生能源的能量储备和能源转换。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种智慧供电电解水制氢的电源系统原理结构图；
图2是图1中风电整流变换模块3的原理图；
图3是图1中电网整流变换模块4的原理图。
附图中：1、风力发电机组，2、电网三相交流电，3、风电整流变换模块，4、电网整流变换模块，5、触发板，6、电流给定模块，7、电压给定模块，8、PLC控制模块，9、电压反馈模块，10、电流反馈模块，11电解水制氢负载，12、第一AC/DC转换模块，13、DC/DC转换模块，14、交流变压器，15、第二AC/DC转换模块。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的和技术方案更加清晰和便于理解。以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
参照图1，一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，包括风力发电机组1、电网三相交流电2、风电整流变换模块3、电网整流变换模块4、触发板5、电流给定模块6、电压给定模块7、PLC控制模块8、电压反馈模块9、电流反馈模块10和电解水制氢负载11。
非并网风电供电和电网供电的交流电经过整流变换后输出直流电为电解水制氢负载供电，非并网风电供电包括风力发电机组1和风电整流变换模块3，风力发电机组1发出的交流电经过风电整流变换模块3变成直流电供电给电解水制氢负载11；电网供电包括电网三相交流电2和电网整流变换模块4，电网三相交流电2经过电网整流变换模块4变换成直流电供电给电解水制氢负载11。风电整流变换模块3和电网整流变换模块4的转换电路开始工作主要靠触发脉冲信号来控制，触发脉冲信号是触发板5发出电压或者电流脉冲信号。
一种智慧供电电解水制氢的电源系统，利用PLC控制模块对非并网风电和电网整流变换模块进行控制，实现非并网风电和电网协同为电解水制氢负载供电的方法。
当非并网风电输出功率大于电解水制氢负载的额定工作功率的95％且小于电解水制氢负载的额定工作功率的105％时，单独由非并网风电给电解水制氢负载供电，保证电解水制氢负载的正常工作。
当非并网风电输出功率大于电解水制氢负载的额定工作功率的105％时，单独由非并网风电给电解水制氢负载供电，多余部分的电能可以通过增加电解水制氢负载11进行消纳；
当非并网风电输出功率小于电解水制氢负载额定工作功率的95％时，由非并网风电和电网协同给电解水制氢负载供电，保证电解水制氢负载的正常工作。
当非并网风电输出功率为零时，此时非并网风电停止供电，电网作为供电电源给电解水制氢负载供电，保证电解水制氢负载的正常工作。
在上述过程中风电整流变换模块3和电网整流变换模块4是电解水制氢供电的关键转换电路，风电整流变换模块3的原理图如图2所示。
所述风电整流变换模块3由第一AC/DC转换模块12和DC/DC转换模块13组成，第一AC/DC转换模块12和DC/DC转换模块13开始工作主要靠触发板5发出电压脉冲信号对第一AC/DC转换模块12和DC/DC转换模块13进行触发和控制。
第一AC/DC转换模块12主要是电压型三相桥式整流电路组成，电路中包含六个绝缘栅双极型三极管IGBT，任何时刻必须保证有两个IGBT同时导通才能构成电流回路，且其中一个三极管是共阴极组的，另一个三极管是共阳极组的，该电路的特点是采用高频PWM整流技术，IGBT器件处于高频开关状态，IGBT器件的开通和关断状态是可以控制的，因而整流器的电流波形是可控的，触发板5发出电压脉冲信号对第一AC/DC转换模块12的六个IGBT三极管进行开通和关断时刻的控制来达到输入交流电到输出直流电的转换目的。
DC/DC转换模块13主要是隔离型双向全桥DC-DC变换电路组成，DC/DC转换模块13中的四个IGBT三极管Q1，Q2，Q3，Q4构成原边侧连接的H桥，DC/DC转换模块13中的四个IGBT三极管Q5，Q6，Q7，Q8构成副边侧连接的H桥，原边侧连接的H桥与副边侧连接的H桥通过变比为n:1的高频变压器TR进行连接。触发板5发出电压脉冲信号对原副边的四个IGBT三极管进行开通和关断时刻的控制以达到额定的低电压和大电流的直流电供电给电解水制氢负载11目的。
电网整流变换模块4的原理图如图3所示。
所述电网整流变换模块4由交流变压器14和第二AC/DC转换模块15组成，第二AC/DC整流转换模块15是由三相全控整流电路组成，三相全控整流电路中包含六个可控晶闸管，任何时刻必须保证有两个晶闸管同时导通才能构成电流回路，且其中一个晶闸管是共阴极组的，另一个晶闸管是共阳极组的。触发板5发出电压脉冲信号对三相全控整流电路的六个晶闸管进行开通和关断时刻的控制，电网三相交流电2经过交流变压器14降压后把电网高压三相交流电变成较低压的三相交流电；调节第二AC/DC整流转换模块15的触发脉冲，低压的三相交流电经过第二AC/DC整流变换后达到额定的低电压和大电流的直流电供电给电解水制氢负载11。
一种智慧供电电解水制氢的电源系统，除了风电整流变换模块3和电网整流变换模块4是电解水制氢供电的关键转换电路，PLC控制模块是关键的控制输入模块。
PLC控制模块8通过接收电压反馈模块9和电流反馈模块10的电压电流反馈信号，经过内部计算和比较后，输出对应的电流给定6和电压给定7脉冲信号，并通过触发板5对风电风电整流变换模块3和电网整流变换模块4进行触发控制。电压反馈模块9和电流反馈模块10的电压和电流信号分别是电解水制氢负载11的供电电源输入端的测量电压和测量电流信号，测量电压信号可以通过普通电压表获得，测量电流信号可以通过分流器测量获得，也可以通过霍尔电流传感器获得。
一种智慧供电电解水制氢的电源系统利用PLC控制模块对非并网风电和电网整流模块进行控制，实现非并网风电和电网协同为电解水制氢负载供电的方法，能够很好的缓解单独电网电解水制氢耗电量大的问题，同时能够有效的利用风能，实现可再生能源的能量储备和能源转换。
以上内容仅为说明本发明的技术思想，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围，凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明权利要求书的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，其特征在于，包括非并网风电供电模块、电网供电模块和PLC控制模块，所述非并网风电供电模块和电网供电模块均连接至电解水制氢负载(11)的供电电源输入端，所述PLC控制模块用于根据电解水制氢负载(11)的额定功率和并网风电输出功率控制电网供电模块投入或切除。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，其特征在于，所述非并网风电供电模块包括风力发电机组(11)和风电整流变换模块(3)，所述风电整流变换模块(3)输入端与风力发电机组(11)连接，输出端连接至电解水制氢负载(11)的供电电源输入端。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，其特征在于，所述风电整流变换模块(3)包括第一AC/DC转换模块(12)和DC/DC转换模块(13)，所述第一AC/DC转换模块(12)由三相桥式可控晶闸管整流电路组成，所述DC/DC转换模块(13)为隔离型双向全桥DC-DC变换电路。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，其特征在于，所述电网供电模块包括电网整流变换模块(4)，所述电网整流变换模块(4)输入端与供电电网连接，输出端与连接至电解水制氢负载(11)的供电电源输入端。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，其特征在于，所述电网整流变换模块(4)包括交流变压器(14)和连接在交流变压器(14)副边绕组的第二AC/DC转换模块(15)，所述第二AC/DC转换模块(15)为三相全控整流电路。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，其特征在于，所述PLC控制模块(8)的信号输入端连接有电压反馈模块(9)和电流反馈模块(10)，输出端连接有电流给定模块(6)和电压给定模块(7)；所述电流给定模块(6)和电压给定模块(7)的输出端均与触发板(5)连接，所述触发板(5)用于向非并网风电供电模块，电网供电模块发送触发信号，以对非并网风电供电模块，电网供电模块进行控制。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种智慧供电电解水制氢电源系统，其特征在于，所述电压反馈模块(9)和安装在电解水制氢负载(11)供电电源输入端的电压表连接，所述电流反馈模块(10)和安装在电解水制氢负载(11)供电电源输入端的分流器或霍尔电流传感器连接。
8.基于权利要求1所述的电源系统的电解水制氢供电方法，其特征在于，
当非并网风电输出功率在95％PN～105％PN范围内时，仅由非并网风电供电模块给电解水制氢负载(11)供电，PN为电解水制氢负载(11)的额定工作功率；
当非并网风电输出功率＞105％PN时，仅由非并网风电供电模块给电解水制氢负载(11)供电，多余的电能通过增加电解水制氢负载(11)进行消纳；
当非并网风电输出功率＜95％PN时，由非并网风电供电模块和电网供电模块协同给电解水制氢负载(11)供电；
当非并网风电输出功率＝0时，仅电网供电模块给电解水制氢负载(11)供电。
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WO2022242174A1 (zh) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-24 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 用于电解水制氢的风网协同供电系统及供电方法

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