CN113221208A - Calculation method and calculation device for side wall height of steep slope channel - Google Patents

Calculation method and calculation device for side wall height of steep slope channel Download PDF

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CN113221208A
CN113221208A CN202110363079.4A CN202110363079A CN113221208A CN 113221208 A CN113221208 A CN 113221208A CN 202110363079 A CN202110363079 A CN 202110363079A CN 113221208 A CN113221208 A CN 113221208A
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李奇
王彦龙
白玮
汤本靖
刘思
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating the height of a side wall of a steep slope channel, which comprises the following steps: calculating the depth h of clear water in the steep-slope channel0(ii) a Calculating the depth h of aerated water in the steep-slope channela(ii) a According to the position of the aeration point and the depth h of the clear water0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined. The invention also discloses a device for calculating the height of the side wall of the steep slope channel. The side wall height of the steep slope channel obtained by the calculation method of the side wall height of the steep slope channel is more reasonable, and the materials of the side wall of the drainage channel can be saved.

Description

Calculation method and calculation device for side wall height of steep slope channel
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a calculation method and a calculation device for the height of a side wall of a steep slope channel.
Background
The design of drainage channels in mountain areas and hilly areas needs to consider the hydraulic characteristic of abrupt slope torrent like the height of a channel side wall, in the prior art, the height of the abrupt slope channel side wall is usually set to be the sum of clear water depth, aeration water depth and safety superelevation, the abrupt slope channel allowance obtained by the calculation method is overlarge, meanwhile, the height of the abrupt slope channel side wall designed in the prior art is not designed according to the position of an aeration point, the heights of the abrupt slope channel side walls before and after the aeration point are the same, building materials are wasted, and the manufacturing cost of engineering is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for calculating the height of the side wall of the steep slope channel, which can obtain more reasonable height of the side wall of the steep slope channel and save the material of the side wall of the drainage channel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for calculating the height of a side wall of a steep slope channel comprises the following steps:
calculating the depth h of clear water in the steep-slope channel0；
Calculating the depth h of aerated water in the steep-slope channela；
According to the position of the aeration point and the depth h of the clear water0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
Preferably, the depth h of the clear water in the steep slope channel is calculated0The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the depth h of the clear water by the following formula0：
W0＝(B+mh0)h0 (1)
Wherein, W0The water passing area of the section of the steep slope channel, B the bottom width of the section of the steep slope channel and m the slope gradient of the section of the steep slope channel.
Preferably, the water passing area W of the section of the steep slope channel is calculated by the following equation set0：
Figure BDA0003006348740000021
Wherein Q is the drainage flow of the steep slope channel, i is the slope drop of the steep slope channel, R is the hydraulic radius, chi0Wet week, C is the metabolic capacity coefficient;
the competence coefficient C was calculated by the following formula:
C＝1/n×R1/6 (3)
wet circumference χ was calculated by the following formula0：
χ0＝B+2h0(1+m2)0.5 (4)
Wherein n is the roughness.
Preferably, the aerated water depth h in the steep slope channel is calculatedaThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the aeration water depth h by the following formulaa：
ha＝h0/(1-C’) (5)
Wherein C' is the ratio of the air volume at the aeration point position to the mixed volume of the steam and the water, and is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003006348740000022
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
q＝Q/B (7)
wherein theta is an included angle between a steep slope and a horizontal line in the steep slope channel, and q is the single width flow of the section of the steep slope channel.
Preferably, according to the position of the aeration point and the depth h of the clean water0And the aerated water depth haDetermining the side wall height h as follows:
if the side wall is in front of the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall as the depth h of clean water0+ high safety;
if the side wall is positioned behind the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall as the aeration water depth haThe safety is ultrahigh.
Preferably, the safety margin is in the range of 0.3-0.5 m.
The invention also provides a calculating device for the height of the side wall of the steep slope channel, which comprises a first calculating module, a second calculating module and a determining module,
the first calculation module is used for calculating the clear water depth h in the steep slope channel0，
The second calculation module is electrically connected with the first calculation module and is used for calculating the aerated water depth h in the steep slope channela；
The determining module is respectively electrically connected with the first calculating module and the second calculating module and is used for calculating the depth h of the clear water according to the position of the aeration point0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
Preferably, the first calculation module is provided with the following calculation equation set for calculating the clear water depth h according to the calculation equation set0：
Figure BDA0003006348740000031
Wherein, W0Is the water passing area of the section of the steep slope channel, B is the bottom width of the section of the steep slope channel, m is the slope gradient of the section of the steep slope channel, Q is the drainage flow of the steep slope channel, i is the slope drop of the steep slope channel, R is the hydraulic radius, chi0In the wet period, C is the metabolic activity coefficient, and n is the roughness.
Preferably, the second calculation module is provided with the following calculation equation set therein for calculating the aeration water depth h according to the calculation equation seta：
Figure BDA0003006348740000032
Wherein C' is the ratio of the air volume at the aeration point position to the steam-water mixed volume, theta is the included angle between a steep slope and a horizontal line in the steep slope channel, and q is the single width flow of the section of the steep slope channel.
Preferably, the determining module is specifically configured to:
if the side wall is in front of the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall according to the formula (8):
height h of side wall is clear water depth h0+ high safety; (8)
if the side wall is at the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall according to the formula (9):
height h of side wall is equal to aerated water depth haThe safety is ultrahigh. (9)
The method for calculating the height of the side wall of the steep slope channel designs the side wall of the steep slope channel according to the position of the aeration point, and because the front section of the aeration point of the water flow is normal water flow (namely the water flow in a gentle flow channel uniform flow state when the water flow just enters the steep slope), the height of the side wall in front of the aeration point is set to be the sum of clear water depth and safety superelevation, and the rear end of the aeration point of the water flow is torrent water flow, so that the height of the side wall behind the aeration point is set to be the sum of the aeration depth and the safety superelevation.
According to the steep slope channel side wall height design device, the height of the steep slope channel side wall obtained by the steep slope channel side wall height calculation method is more reasonable under the condition that the working condition requirement is met, the allowance of the steep slope channel side wall is convenient to control, and the production cost in engineering is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steep-slope channel side wall in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of the steep channel side wall of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-water flow direction; 2-step; b-width of the groove; theta-the angle between the steep slope and the horizontal line.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for calculating the height of a side wall of a steep slope channel, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the depth h of clear water in the steep-slope channel0；
Calculating the depth h of aerated water in the steep-slope channela；
According to the position of the aeration point and the depth h of the clear water0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
The invention also provides a calculating device for the height of the side wall of the steep slope channel, which comprises a first calculating module, a second calculating module and a determining module,
the first calculation module is used for calculating the clear water depth h in the steep slope channel0，
The second calculation module is electrically connected with the first calculation module and is used for calculating the aerated water depth h in the steep slope channela；
The determining module is respectively electrically connected with the first calculating module and the second calculating module and is used for calculating the depth h of the clear water according to the position of the aeration point0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses a method for calculating the height of a steep slope channel side wall, wherein the steep slope channel side wall is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating the depth h of clear water in the steep-slope channel0。
Wherein, the depth h of the clear water in the steep slope channel is calculated0The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the depth h of the clear water by the following formula0：
W0＝(B+mh0)h0 (1)
In the equation(1) In, W0The water passing area of the section of the steep slope channel, B the bottom width of the section of the steep slope channel and m the slope gradient of the section of the steep slope channel.
In this embodiment, the bottom width B of the section of the steep slope channel and the slope gradient m of the section of the steep slope channel are obtained by actual measurement of the steep slope channel or calculation according to a topographic map, and the water passing area W of the section of the steep slope channel0Can be calculated by a formula.
Specifically, the bottom width B of the section of the steep channel is measured by a distance meter, and the slope gradient m of the section of the steep channel is measured by a measuring scale or calculated according to a topographic map.
In this embodiment, the water passing area W of the cross section of the steep slope channel is calculated by the following equation set0：
Figure BDA0003006348740000061
Wherein Q is the drainage flow of the steep slope channel, i is the slope drop of the steep slope channel, R is the hydraulic radius, chi0In the wet week, C is the metabolic activity coefficient.
In this embodiment, the numerical value of the drainage flow Q of the steep slope channel is measured by the flowmeter, the slope drop i of the steep slope channel is measured by the theodolite, and the competence coefficient C and the wet circumference χ0The calculation can be made by the following equation.
Wherein the metabolic capacity coefficient C is calculated by the following formula:
C＝1/n×R1/6 (3)
wet circumference χ was calculated by the following formula0：
χ0＝B+2h0(1+m2)0.5 (4)
In formula (3), n is roughness.
Wherein, the roughness n in a general artificial channel mainly depends on the size, shape and distribution of the wall surface rough protrusions. The roughness n is in a natural river, and the numerical value of the roughness n is related to the particle size and shape of riverbed sand and stone, the size, shape and change of sand waves, the density degree of beach water plants and trees, the change of river water level and the like. Therefore, the roughness n in this embodiment is selected according to the relevant regulations in the "outdoor drainage standards" in combination with the actual operating conditions.
In summary, according to the above equations (1), (3), (4) and the equation set (2), the following equation set (10) can be obtained,
Figure BDA0003006348740000062
according to the equation set (10), the parameters such as the bottom width B of the section of the steep slope channel, the slope gradient m of the section of the steep slope channel, the drainage flow Q of the steep slope channel, the slope drop i of the steep slope channel and the like are obtained through measurement of actual working conditions, and the roughness n selected according to relevant regulations in the outdoor drainage standard is obtained, so that the clear water depth h in the steep slope channel can be obtained0The numerical value of (c).
Step 2: calculating the depth h of aerated water in the steep-slope channela。
Wherein, the depth h of the aerated water in the steep slope channel is calculatedaThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the aeration water depth h by the following formulaa：
ha＝h0/(1-C’) (5)
In equation (5), C' is the ratio of the air volume at the aeration point position to the steam-water mixture volume, which is calculated by the following equation:
Figure BDA0003006348740000071
in equation (6), q is the single width flow of the section of the steep-slope channel, and θ is the included angle between the steep slope and the horizontal line in the steep-slope channel.
Specifically, the included angle θ between the steep slope and the horizontal line in the steep slope channel is measured by a theodolite, and the single width flow q of the section of the steep slope channel is calculated by the following formula (7).
q＝Q/B (7)
According to the measurementMeasuring the obtained drainage flow Q of the steep slope channel, the included angle theta between the steep slope and the horizontal line in the steep slope channel, the bottom width B of the section of the steep slope channel and the clear water depth h obtained by calculation in the step 10Combining the above calculation equation to calculate the aeration water depth ha。
And step 3: according to the position of the aeration point and the depth h of the clear water0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
In the abrupt slope channel, because rivers aeration point anterior segment is normal rivers, the boundary layer just begins the aeration to the surface of water, in order to reduce the surplus of side wall height, makes the side wall height of design more economic, can calculate the side wall height according to aeration point and clear water depth and aeration depth. In this embodiment, the aeration point is located according to the depth h of the clear water0And the aerated water depth haThe calculation of the height of the side wall specifically comprises the following steps:
if the side wall is in front of the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall as the depth h of clean water0+ high safety;
if the side wall is positioned behind the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall as the aeration water depth haThe safety is ultrahigh.
In the embodiment, the numerical range of the safety superelevation is 0.3-0.5m, the safety superelevation is increased to prevent the danger of channel water overflow when the water flow is congested, and the safety superelevation in the range can ensure the safety of the channel side wall and avoid the waste of materials caused by designing an excessively high steep slope channel side wall.
In this embodiment, the position of the aeration point is observed according to the actual working condition.
The calculation method for the side wall height of the steep slope channel of the embodiment designs the side wall of the steep slope channel according to the position of the aeration point, so that the design height of the side wall of the steep slope channel can be more reasonable under the condition that the side wall height of the steep slope channel meets the actual working condition requirement, the allowance of the side wall of the steep slope channel is controlled, the construction cost is reduced, and the production cost on the engineering is saved.
Example 2:
this embodiment provides a steep slope channel side wall height calculates dressThe calculation device calculates the height of the side wall by adopting the calculation method of the height of the side wall of the steep slope channel in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises a first calculation module, a second calculation module and a determination module, wherein the first calculation module is used for calculating the clear water depth h in the steep slope channel0The second calculation module is electrically connected with the first calculation module and is used for calculating the aeration water depth h in the steep slope channelaThe determining module is respectively electrically connected with the first calculating module and the second calculating module and is used for calculating the depth h of the clear water according to the position of the aeration point0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
In this embodiment, the first calculation module is provided with the following calculation equation set for calculating the depth h of the clean water according to the calculation equation set0：
Figure BDA0003006348740000081
Wherein, W0Is the water passing area of the section of the steep slope channel, B is the bottom width of the section of the steep slope channel, m is the slope gradient of the section of the steep slope channel, Q is the drainage flow of the steep slope channel, i is the slope drop of the steep slope channel, R is the hydraulic radius, chi0In the wet period, C is the metabolic activity coefficient, and n is the roughness.
In this embodiment, the bottom width B of the section of the steep slope channel is measured by using a distance meter, the slope gradient m of the section of the steep slope channel is measured by using a measuring scale or calculated according to a topographic map, the numerical value of the drainage flow Q of the steep slope channel is measured by using a flowmeter, and the slope drop i of the steep slope channel is measured by using a theodolite. In addition, the roughness n is selected according to relevant regulations in the outdoor drainage standard and actual working condition conditions, the parameters are correspondingly input into a first calculation module, and the first calculation module calculates through the built-in equation set to obtain the clear water depth h0Of (c) is measured.
In this embodiment, the second calculation module is provided with the following calculation equation set for calculating the aeration water depth h according to the calculation equation seta：
Figure BDA0003006348740000091
Wherein C' is the ratio of the air volume at the aeration point position to the steam-water mixed volume, theta is the included angle between a steep slope and a horizontal line in the steep slope channel, and q is the single width flow of the section of the steep slope channel.
In this embodiment, the included angle θ between the steep slope and the horizontal line in the steep slope channel is measured by a theodolite, the parameter is input into the second calculation module, and the second calculation module calculates according to the input parameter and a built-in equation set to obtain the aeration water depth haOf (c) is measured.
In this embodiment, the determining module is specifically configured to:
if the side wall is in front of the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall according to the formula (8):
height h of side wall is clear water depth h0+ high safety; (8)
if the side wall is at the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall according to the formula (9):
height h of side wall is equal to aerated water depth haThe safety is ultrahigh. (9).
Wherein, the position of the aeration point is obtained by observing the actual working condition.
The steep slope channel side wall height design device in the embodiment obtains the height of the steep slope channel side wall by adopting the steep slope channel side wall height calculation method, and the designed height is more reasonable under the condition of meeting the working condition requirement, so that the allowance of the steep slope channel side wall is convenient to control, and the production cost in engineering is saved.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for calculating the height of a side wall of a steep slope channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the depth h of clear water in the steep-slope channel0；
Calculating the depth h of aerated water in the steep-slope channela；
According to the position of the aeration point and the depth h of the clear water0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
2. The method for calculating the side wall height of the steep slope channel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth h of clean water in the steep slope channel is calculated0The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the depth h of the clear water by the following formula0：
W0＝(B+mh0)h0 (1)
Wherein, W0The water passing area of the section of the steep slope channel, B the bottom width of the section of the steep slope channel and m the slope gradient of the section of the steep slope channel.
3. The steep channel side wall height calculation method of claim 2,
calculating the water passing area W of the section of the steep slope channel by the following equation0：
Figure FDA0003006348730000011
Wherein Q is the drainage flow of the steep slope channel, i is the slope drop of the steep slope channel, R is the hydraulic radius, chi0Wet week, C is the metabolic capacity coefficient;
the competence coefficient C was calculated by the following formula:
C＝1/n×R1/6 (3)
wet circumference χ was calculated by the following formula0：
χ0＝B+2h0(1+m2)0.5 (4)
Wherein n is the roughness.
4. The steep channel side wall height calculation method of claim 1,
calculating the depth h of aerated water in the steep-slope channelaThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the aeration water depth h by the following formulaa：
ha＝h0/(1-C’) (5)
Wherein C' is the ratio of the air volume at the aeration point position to the mixed volume of the steam and the water, and is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003006348730000021
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
q＝Q/B (7)
wherein theta is an included angle between a steep slope and a horizontal line in the steep slope channel, and q is the single width flow of the section of the steep slope channel.
5. The steep channel side wall height calculation method of claim 1,
according to the position of the aeration point and the depth h of the clear water0And the aerated water depth haDetermining the side wall height h as follows:
if the side wall is in front of the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall as the depth h of clean water0+ high safety;
if the side wall is positioned behind the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall as the aeration water depth haThe safety is ultrahigh.
6. The method for calculating the height of the steep channel side wall as claimed in claim 5, wherein the safety override ranges from 0.3 to 0.5 m.
7. A calculating device for the side wall height of a steep slope channel is characterized by comprising a first calculating module, a second calculating module and a determining module,
the first mentionedA calculation module for calculating the depth h of clear water in the steep slope channel0，
The second calculation module is electrically connected with the first calculation module and is used for calculating the aerated water depth h in the steep slope channela；
The determining module is respectively electrically connected with the first calculating module and the second calculating module and is used for calculating the depth h of the clear water according to the position of the aeration point0And the aerated water depth haThe side wall height h is determined.
8. The steep channel side wall height calculation device of claim 7,
the first calculation module is internally provided with the following calculation equation set for calculating the clear water depth h according to the calculation equation set0：
Figure FDA0003006348730000031
Wherein, W0Is the water passing area of the section of the steep slope channel, B is the bottom width of the section of the steep slope channel, m is the slope gradient of the section of the steep slope channel, Q is the drainage flow of the steep slope channel, i is the slope drop of the steep slope channel, R is the hydraulic radius, chi0In the wet period, C is the metabolic activity coefficient, and n is the roughness.
9. The steep channel side wall height calculation device of claim 7,
the second calculation module is internally provided with the following calculation equation set for calculating the aeration water depth h according to the calculation equation seta：
Figure FDA0003006348730000032
Wherein C' is the ratio of the air volume at the aeration point position to the steam-water mixed volume, theta is the included angle between a steep slope and a horizontal line in the steep slope channel, and q is the single width flow of the section of the steep slope channel.
10. The steep channel side wall height calculation device of claim 7, wherein the determination module is specifically configured to:
if the side wall is in front of the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall according to the formula (8):
height h of side wall is clear water depth h0+ high safety; (8)
if the side wall is at the aeration point, determining the height h of the side wall according to the formula (9):
height h of side wall is equal to aerated water depth haThe safety is ultrahigh. (9).
CN202110363079.4A 2021-04-02 2021-04-02 Calculation method and calculation device for side wall height of steep slope channel Pending CN113221208A (en)

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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109635435A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-16 中山大学 A kind of natural river course stage discharge relation based on bayesian theory determines method
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Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109635435A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-16 中山大学 A kind of natural river course stage discharge relation based on bayesian theory determines method
CN109840368A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-06-04 广东省水利水电科学研究院 A kind of irrigated area channel stage discharge relation rating method

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Title
张平等: "阶梯式跌水工程应用于山地城市排水系统", 《重庆建筑》, vol. 13, no. 129, 25 July 2014 (2014-07-25), pages 17 *
贾鸿益等: "掺气水深计算公式在陡坡泄槽设计中的应用", 《水电与新能源》, no. 119, 30 May 2014 (2014-05-30), pages 40 - 41 *

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