CN113219346A - Battery pack thermal runaway test device and test method - Google Patents

Battery pack thermal runaway test device and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113219346A
CN113219346A CN202110314009.XA CN202110314009A CN113219346A CN 113219346 A CN113219346 A CN 113219346A CN 202110314009 A CN202110314009 A CN 202110314009A CN 113219346 A CN113219346 A CN 113219346A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery pack
thermal runaway
cover plate
height
test device
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Pending
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CN202110314009.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王明强
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Zhejiang Hozon New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Hozon New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110314009.XA priority Critical patent/CN113219346A/en
Publication of CN113219346A publication Critical patent/CN113219346A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal runaway test device and a test method for a battery pack, and the thermal runaway test device comprises a support with a height-adjustable device on a support leg, wherein the battery pack is arranged on the support; the battery pack and the cover plate are fixed on the bracket through fixing pieces; adjusting the height adjustable device according to the height of the battery pack. The battery pack thermal runaway test device is ingenious in structure, the accuracy of a test result can be improved, the safety performance of the battery pack is guaranteed, the personal safety of drivers and passengers is further guaranteed, the use experience of the drivers and passengers is enhanced, and the device is beneficial to popularization and application in the technical field of electric automobiles; the thermal runaway test method for the battery pack also has the advantages of improving the accuracy of the test result and ensuring the safety performance of the battery pack.

Description

Battery pack thermal runaway test device and test method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy electric automobiles, in particular to a thermal runaway test device and a thermal runaway test method for a battery pack.
Background
The Battery Management System (BMS) is a set of control system for protecting the use safety of the power battery, constantly monitors the use state of the battery, relieves the inconsistency of the battery pack through necessary measures, and provides guarantee for the use safety of the new energy vehicle.
The thermal runaway of the storage battery belongs to a state of thermal runaway in a battery management system, namely the battery generates heat due to various internal electrochemical reactions when being charged and discharged, if no good heat dissipation system exists, the heat is accumulated in the battery, the power is gradually reduced, even dangerous conditions such as explosion and combustion occur, and the thermal runaway is realized.
Causes and conditions of thermal runaway:
the heat generation of the battery is influenced by internal factors such as charge and discharge multiplying power, internal resistance, DOD (depth of discharge), current SOC (state of charge), capacity and the like and external factors such as ambient temperature, heat dissipation mode and the like.
Charge-discharge multiplying power: the higher the charge-discharge rate is, the higher the current is, the higher the internal resistance is, and the higher the heat generation is, so when the high-rate charge is carried out, the heat generation rate of the battery is higher, and if a heat dissipation system does not discharge heat in time, the heat generation will be accumulated gradually.
Internal resistance: the formation reason of the internal resistance is related to power output, DOD, temperature and the like, the electrical efficiency is reduced when the internal resistance is larger, more heat accumulation is generated, particularly when the SOC is lower than 20%, the internal resistance is sharply increased, and at the moment, the output power of the battery needs to be reduced, so that the safety of the battery is protected.
Capacity: the larger the battery capacity is, the more electrochemical reactions are, the more heat generation is, the larger the required heat dissipation power is, and if the heat dissipation cannot be satisfied, the more heat generation is accumulated.
Ambient temperature: the higher the ambient temperature is, the lower the heat exchange coefficient of partial air cooling is, and the worse the effect is, especially for high-capacity pure electric vehicles, the air cooling is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirement.
In recent years, electric vehicles have been developed rapidly, and power batteries have been developed rapidly in technology as key components of electric vehicles. The temperature of the power battery is controllable in normal work engineering, but thermal runaway can occur in abnormal states (such as overcharging, collision and the like), and once the thermal runaway occurs, the conditions of ignition of the whole vehicle and the like can be caused, and personal injury is caused to drivers and passengers.
At present, thermal runaway designs for battery packs mainly comprise thermal runaway early warning, thermal runaway suppression and fire extinguishing designs, and after the thermal runaway designs are completed, batteries in the battery packs can be actively promoted to generate thermal runaway through specific means (such as heating, overcharging and the like), so that the effectiveness of the thermal runaway designs is verified. However, in the test process, the battery pack is generally lifted by an iron chain or directly seated on a certain platform, and when thermal runaway occurs, the battery pack can generate a serious bulge phenomenon, or the force borne by the bottom of the battery pack is inconsistent with the state when the battery pack is mounted at the bottom of a whole vehicle, so that the evaluation on some parts in the test process is inaccurate, and the test requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the first object of the invention is to provide a thermal runaway test device for a battery pack, which has a smart structure, can improve the accuracy of test results and ensure the safety performance of the battery pack, thereby ensuring the personal safety of drivers and passengers, enhancing the use experience of the drivers and passengers, and being beneficial to popularization and application of the device in the technical field of electric vehicles. The second invention aims to provide a thermal runaway test method for a battery pack, which also has the advantages of improving the accuracy of test results and ensuring the safety performance of the battery pack.
The thermal runaway test device for the battery pack and the thermal runaway test method for the battery pack are technically related to each other and belong to the same invention concept.
In order to realize the first invention purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the thermal runaway test device for the battery pack comprises a support with a height-adjustable device on a supporting leg, wherein the battery pack is arranged on the support, a cover plate is arranged above the battery pack, and the lower surface of the cover plate and the upper surface of the battery pack are arranged in a clearance way; the battery pack and the cover plate are fixed on the bracket through fixing pieces; adjusting the height adjustable device according to the height of the battery pack.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the thickness of the cover plate is 2-5 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a height of a gap between the lower surface of the cover plate and the upper surface of the battery pack is 2 to 10 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower surface of the battery pack is spaced from the surface of the mounting platform by a distance of about 150 mm.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the bottom of the bracket is provided with an installation plate, the installation plate is provided with an installation hole, and the bracket is fixed by penetrating a locking piece in the installation hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting hole is a bolt hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing member is a fixing bolt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the thermal runaway test device for the battery pack, the battery pack is arranged on the support, the cover plate is arranged on the upper portion of the battery pack in a gap covering mode, the distance between the battery pack and the frame plate of the automobile body is simulated, bulging of the upper cover of the battery pack is restrained in the thermal runaway test process, accuracy of test results can be improved, safety performance of the battery pack is guaranteed, personal safety of drivers and passengers is guaranteed, use experience of the drivers and passengers is enhanced, and popularization and application of the device in the technical field of electric automobiles are facilitated.
In order to realize the second invention purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the thermal runaway test method of the battery pack comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: step a, firstly, fixing a cover plate and a battery pack on a bracket through a fixing piece, and reserving a distance of 2-10 mm between the upper surface of the battery pack and the lower surface of the cover plate in the fixing process; b, adjusting the height adjusting device according to the height of the battery pack to enable the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack and the surface of the mounting platform to be about 150 mm; and c, integrally fixing the experimental device on the mounting platform.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in the step a, a reserved distance between the upper surface of the battery pack and the lower surface of the cover plate is reserved according to an actual space of the entire vehicle, and the size of the gap is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the spacers.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step b, the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack and the surface of the mounting platform is adjusted according to the height of the whole vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the battery pack thermal runaway test method is simple in steps and convenient to test, can improve the accuracy of test results and guarantee the safety performance of the battery pack, further guarantees the personal safety of drivers and passengers, enhances the use experience of the drivers and passengers, and is beneficial to popularization and application of the device in the technical field of electric automobiles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway test device for a battery pack in the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket in the thermal runaway test device for a battery pack in the present embodiment;
fig. 3 is a structural side view of a thermal runaway test apparatus for a battery pack in this embodiment.
Reference numerals: 1. a height adjustment device; 2. a fixing member; 3. a cover plate; 4. a battery pack; 5. mounting holes; 6. an elongated bolt hole.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a battery package thermal runaway test device, the support that has height-adjustable device 1 including the landing leg, height-adjustable device 1 can be telescopic tube structure, be about to the landing leg sets two sleeves into, one of them sleeve pipe suit is outside another sleeve pipe and through the fastener with the fastening between the two fixed, the fastener can be staple bolt commonly used, the regulation of the landing leg height of being convenient for, simple and convenient easy operation, can effectively strengthen experimenter's test experience, according to above-mentioned height-adjustable device 1 of height adjustment of above-mentioned battery package 4, adjust the distance of battery package 4 and ground or test bench, simulate the distance of whole car bottom battery package 4 and ground, height-adjustable device 1 can make the device adapt to not the not use requirement of high battery package.
In order to simulate the condition of the battery pack 4 in the whole vehicle, the battery pack 4 is arranged on the bracket, the cover plate 3 is arranged above the battery pack 4, the cover plate 3 is made of aluminum materials, namely, an aluminum plate is arranged at the top of the battery pack 4, the distance between the battery pack 4 and a framework plate of the vehicle body is simulated, and the bulge of the upper cover of the battery pack is restrained in the thermal runaway test process.
Aluminium heat conductivility is excellent, can be effectual with the outside transmission of temperature on the battery package 4, guarantees test device's test result, and the thickness of above-mentioned apron 3 is 2 ~ 5mm, guarantees test device's test effect when guaranteeing 3 structural strength of apron, the condition of simulation battery package 4 in whole car.
The lower surface of apron 3 is the clearance setting with the upper surface of above-mentioned battery package 4, and is further, highly be 2 ~ 10mm setting with the clearance between the upper surface of the lower surface of above-mentioned apron 3 and above-mentioned battery package 4, reserves according to whole car actual space, can adjust this distance through the quantity that increases or reduces the gasket, makes it reach the test requirement, further guarantees the test result of battery package 4.
Battery package 4 passes through mounting 2 with above-mentioned apron 3 and fixes on above-mentioned support, and mounting 2 is simple structure, and simple to operate's locking bolt still can set up rectangular bolt hole 6 on the support, satisfies the different hoist and mount hole position demands of battery package 4, makes it range of application wider.
The distance between the lower surface of the battery pack 4 and the surface of the mounting platform is about 150mm, and the mounting platform can be a ground or other flat platform, that is, the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack 4 and the surface of the ground or other flat platform is about 150mm, and the distance can be adjusted adaptively according to the height of the whole vehicle.
The mounting panel is installed to the support bottom, is equipped with mounting hole 5 on the above-mentioned mounting panel, through wear to establish the retaining member in above-mentioned mounting hole 5 and realize the fixed of support, and above-mentioned mounting hole 5 is the bolt hole, through wear to establish fixing bolt in the bolt hole and realize the fixed of support position, and then guarantees the stability of battery package 4 in the process of the test, guarantees the test result.
In the test process, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 4 and the upper box cover of the battery pack 4 bulges due to overlarge internal pressure, the cover plate 3 inhibits the bulge of the upper box cover of the battery pack 4, so that the increase speed of the internal pressure of the battery pack 4 is increased, the opening time of the explosion-proof valve is shortened, and the test accuracy is improved.
In the embodiment, the battery pack thermal runaway test device is characterized in that the battery pack 4 is installed on the support, a cover plate is arranged on the battery pack in a gap manner at the upper part of the battery pack, the distance between the battery pack 4 and the framework plate of the automobile body is simulated, the bulge of the upper cover of the battery pack 4 is inhibited in the thermal runaway test process, the accuracy of a test result can be improved, the safety performance of the battery pack is ensured, the personal safety of drivers and passengers is further ensured, the use experience of the drivers and passengers is enhanced, and the device is favorable for popularization and application in the technical field of electric automobiles.
A thermal runaway test method for a battery pack comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step a, firstly, fixing a cover plate 3 and a battery pack 4 on a bracket through a fixing piece 2, and reserving a distance of 2-10 mm between the upper surface of the battery pack 4 and the lower surface of the cover plate 3 in the fixing process; furthermore, the reserved distance between the upper surface of the battery pack 4 and the lower surface of the cover plate 3 is reserved according to the actual space of the whole vehicle, the size of the gap is adjusted by increasing or reducing the number of the gaskets, and the battery pack is simple, convenient and easy to operate.
And b, adjusting the height adjusting device 1 according to the height of the battery pack 4 to enable the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack 4 and the surface of the mounting platform to be about 150mm, and further adjusting the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack 4 and the surface of the mounting platform according to the height of the whole vehicle to meet the test requirements.
And c, integrally fixing the experimental device on the mounting platform.
The battery pack thermal runaway test method in the embodiment has the advantages that the steps are simple, the test is convenient, meanwhile, the accuracy of the test result can be improved, the safety performance of the battery pack is guaranteed, the personal safety of drivers and passengers is further guaranteed, the use experience of the drivers and passengers is enhanced, and the device is favorable for popularization and application in the technical field of electric automobiles.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Although the reference numerals in the figures are used more here: 1. a height adjustment device; 2. a fixing member; 3. a cover plate; 4. a battery pack; 5. mounting holes; 6. elongate bolt holes, etc., but does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a battery package thermal runaway test device which characterized in that: the battery pack support comprises a support with a height-adjustable device (1) on a supporting leg, a battery pack (4) is mounted on the support, a cover plate (3) is mounted above the battery pack (4), and the lower surface of the cover plate (3) and the upper surface of the battery pack (4) are arranged in a clearance mode; the battery pack (4) and the cover plate (3) are fixed on the bracket through a fixing piece (2); -adjusting the height adjustable device (1) according to the height of the battery pack (4).
2. The thermal runaway test device for a battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the cover plate (3) is 2-5 mm.
3. The thermal runaway test device for a battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: the height of the gap between the lower surface of the cover plate (3) and the upper surface of the battery pack (4) is 2-10 mm.
4. The thermal runaway test device for a battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack (4) and the surface of the mounting platform is about 150 mm.
5. The thermal runaway test device for a battery pack according to claim 4, wherein: the mounting panel is installed to the support bottom, be equipped with mounting hole (5) on the mounting panel, through wear to establish retaining member in mounting hole (5) and realize the fixed of support.
6. The thermal runaway test device for a battery pack according to claim 5, wherein: the mounting hole (5) is a bolt hole.
7. The thermal runaway test device for a battery pack according to claim 6, wherein: the fixing piece (2) is a fixing bolt.
8. A thermal runaway test method for a battery pack comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: step a, firstly, fixing a cover plate (3) and a battery pack (4) on a bracket through a fixing piece (2), and reserving a distance of 2-10 mm between the upper surface of the battery pack (4) and the lower surface of the cover plate (3) in the fixing process; b, adjusting the height adjusting device (1) according to the height of the battery pack (4) to enable the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack (4) and the surface of the mounting platform to be about 150 mm; and c, integrally fixing the experimental device on the mounting platform.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method comprises: in the step a, the reserved distance between the upper surface of the battery pack (4) and the lower surface of the cover plate (3) is reserved according to the actual space of the whole vehicle, and the size of the gap is adjusted by increasing or reducing the number of gaskets.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method comprises: in the step b, the distance between the lower surface of the battery pack (4) and the surface of the mounting platform is adjusted according to the height of the whole vehicle.
CN202110314009.XA 2021-03-24 2021-03-24 Battery pack thermal runaway test device and test method Pending CN113219346A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110314009.XA CN113219346A (en) 2021-03-24 2021-03-24 Battery pack thermal runaway test device and test method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110314009.XA CN113219346A (en) 2021-03-24 2021-03-24 Battery pack thermal runaway test device and test method

Publications (1)

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CN113219346A true CN113219346A (en) 2021-08-06

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206489264U (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-09-12 深圳市瑞佳达科技有限公司 A kind of chargeable energy-storage system thermal runaway and thermal runaway extend synthetic experiment equipment
CN110596592A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-20 湖南机动车检测技术有限公司 Low-earth safety protection method for battery pack thermal diffusion test
CN111323714A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-23 山东理工职业学院 New energy automobile battery system burning test device
CN210894177U (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-06-30 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Battery core thermal runaway test tool

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206489264U (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-09-12 深圳市瑞佳达科技有限公司 A kind of chargeable energy-storage system thermal runaway and thermal runaway extend synthetic experiment equipment
CN110596592A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-20 湖南机动车检测技术有限公司 Low-earth safety protection method for battery pack thermal diffusion test
CN210894177U (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-06-30 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Battery core thermal runaway test tool
CN111323714A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-23 山东理工职业学院 New energy automobile battery system burning test device

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CB02 Change of applicant information

Address after: 314500 988 Tong Tong Road, Wu Tong Street, Tongxiang, Jiaxing, Zhejiang

Applicant after: United New Energy Automobile Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 314500 988 Tong Tong Road, Wu Tong Street, Tongxiang, Jiaxing, Zhejiang

Applicant before: Hozon New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd.

Address after: 314500 988 Tong Tong Road, Wu Tong Street, Tongxiang, Jiaxing, Zhejiang

Applicant after: Hozon New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd.

Address before: 314500 988 Tong Tong Road, Wu Tong Street, Tongxiang, Jiaxing, Zhejiang

Applicant before: Hozon New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd.

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Application publication date: 20210806

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