CN108520990B - Electric automobile battery box and heat dissipation and heating system and method thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile battery box and heat dissipation and heating system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108520990B CN108520990B CN201810583786.2A CN201810583786A CN108520990B CN 108520990 B CN108520990 B CN 108520990B CN 201810583786 A CN201810583786 A CN 201810583786A CN 108520990 B CN108520990 B CN 108520990B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims description 103
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an electric automobile battery box and a heat radiation and heating system and method thereof, wherein a heat exchange area is arranged in a shell of the battery box, a battery installation area is provided with heat radiation units which are arranged at intervals, the intervals between the heat radiation units are heat pipes and cold pipe installation areas, the heat radiation units are provided with heat radiation cavities, the heat pipes and the cold pipe installation areas are provided with heat pipes and cold pipes, and the cold pipes are communicated with a water tank and form a circulation loop of cooling liquid; a space is arranged between the battery packs in the battery mounting area, a heat conducting plate is arranged in the space, the heat pipe and the cold pipe are connected to the heat conducting plate through brazing, and a region connected with the heat exchange area on the side wall of the battery box is provided with crumple holes which are arranged at intervals; the utility model reduces the probability of battery deflagration after automobile collision, improves the thermal management of the battery box, and better meets the different requirements of batteries in different seasons for thermal management.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an automobile battery box, in particular to an electric automobile battery box and a heat dissipation and heating system and method thereof.
Background
With the development of economy, people are increasingly aware of the importance of the environment, and various national governments are actively pushing new energy automobiles so as to reduce the damage of life activities of people to the earth. The electric automobile is a main development direction of new energy automobiles, and the core technology of the electric automobile comprises a battery, a motor and an electric control. The development of electric automobiles is restricted by the barrel effect of the battery at present, and most automobile manufacturers adopt lithium ion batteries as power batteries to improve the endurance mileage of the automobiles. Firstly, the lithium ion battery has the advantages of high voltage (3.7V), no memory effect, high charging speed, high specific energy, low self-discharge rate, wide working temperature range, high safety and reliability and the like. However, the lithium battery can deflagrate or even explode after being damaged at high temperature or the shell, such as deflagrate and fire event after the tesla automobile is crashed.
The existing battery box mostly adopts a centralized battery design, so that the number of discharged batteries in a unit volume is large, but explosion can occur due to the fact that the batteries are too centralized when a car accident occurs, and the phenomenon of burning and continuous camping is caused.
How to thermally manage the battery and reduce the phenomena of knocking and even explosion after the damage of the battery is an important technical problem.
The Chinese patent of patent number 201410425413.4 discloses a water circulation heating type honeycomb structure lithium iron phosphate battery assembly which consists of a lithium iron phosphate battery high-voltage system and a temperature control system; the high-voltage system of the lithium iron phosphate battery comprises a plurality of battery packs, wires, a power supply controller, a battery box body and a fixed clamping plate; the temperature control system comprises a circulating water pipeline, a water tank, a water pump, a heating pipe, a temperature sensor and a temperature control circuit; the battery pack consists of a cell matrix formed by arranging a plurality of series-parallel battery cells, wherein the front and the rear of the cell matrix are connected by conductive metal plates to form a high-voltage loop, a reserved vacant space is arranged in the cell matrix, and a circulating water pipeline is distributed and penetrated in the vacant space; the circulating water pipeline is connected with the water tank to form a closed space. The temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the environment of the battery pack, and the power of the water pump and the heating pipe is controlled according to the ambient temperature.
The heat dissipation and heating are solved by arranging a circulating water pipeline inside the battery cell matrix, and the following technical problems exist:
(1) The technical problem that deflagration or even explosion can occur after the battery shell is damaged is not considered.
(2) The heat dissipation is carried out only by arranging the circulating water pipeline inside the battery core matrix, and when the circulating water pipeline cannot circulate due to faults, the heat treatment risk of the battery is very high.
(3) The heat dissipation is carried out only by arranging the circulating water pipeline inside the battery cell matrix, the circulating water pipeline is denser, and internal short circuit is caused by water cooling liquid leakage relatively easily, so that the vehicle fault is caused.
(4) The patent uses an air filter to filter air, and compressed air enters the battery box through the air inlet by the air filter. After a long service time or when more dust is blocked, the air filter can influence the heat dissipation of the battery pack and needs to be replaced in time. The air filter has poor filtering effect on water vapor in air in summer in rainy season, and the heat dissipation of the battery pack can be influenced when more water vapor is adsorbed by the filter.
The utility model patent number 201420540796.5 Chinese patent discloses a cooling explosion-proof battery pack box, which comprises a box body, wherein one side of a bottom plate of the box body is provided with a cavity A, one end of the cavity A is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is provided with a circulating water pump, the bottom plate of the box body is provided with a reinforcing plate and a heat dissipation rib, the inside of the heat dissipation rib is provided with a cavity B, the cavity B is communicated with the cavity A, the cavity B is provided with a water isolation baffle, two sides of the water isolation baffle are tightly connected with the inner wall of the heat dissipation rib, one end face of the water isolation baffle is staggered and tightly connected with the inner wall of the heat dissipation rib, the joint of the top end of the heat dissipation rib and the side of the box body is provided with a cavity C, the cavity C is communicated with the cavity B, one end of the cavity C is provided with a water outlet, the inner side of the upper part of the box body is provided with a boss, the upper part of the box body is provided with a box body cover plate, one end of the box body cover plate is provided with an explosion-proof claw, the box body cover plate is provided with a bolt hole, the middle part of the box body is provided with a groove, and the groove is provided with an automatic exhaust valve.
The technical problems are as follows:
(1) The explosion-proof device is provided with a sealing cover and an exhaust device, and the exhaust device discharges combustible gas such as hydrogen generated in the charging and discharging process of the storage battery to prevent explosion, so that the safety performance of the device is enhanced, and the explosion-proof device does not consider the problem that explosion or even explosion phenomenon can occur after the battery shell is damaged.
(2) The design of the battery heat treatment device only dissipates heat through water cooling circulation, and when a circulating water pipeline cannot circulate due to faults, the battery heat treatment risk is very high.
The utility model of China with the patent number 201621333771.3 proposes a thermal management system of a power battery box, the power battery box and a vehicle, wherein the thermal management system of the power battery box comprises: the power battery box is arranged on the vehicle; a conduit connected to the power cell box for regulating the temperature of the power cell box with a fluid pair; the fluid heater is provided with an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet is connected with one end of the pipeline, and the outlet is connected with the other end of the pipeline so as to heat the fluid in the pipeline. According to the utility model, the fluid in the pipeline is thermally managed by the fluid heater, so that the power battery box connected with the pipeline is heated or radiated, the service life of the power battery is prolonged, and the potential safety hazard is reduced.
The technical defects are the same as those of the two patent technical schemes, and are not repeated.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that the device reduces the probability of battery deflagration after automobile collision and improves the thermal management of the battery box so as to better meet the different requirements of batteries in different seasons on the thermal management.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical means:
the battery box of the electric automobile is of a shell structure, a heat exchange area and a battery installation area are arranged in the shell of the battery box, the heat exchange area is arranged at intervals, two ends of the heat exchange area are connected with the side wall of the battery box, the interval between the heat exchange area and the heat exchange area is the battery installation area, the heat exchange area is provided with heat radiating units arranged at intervals, the interval between the heat radiating units is a heat pipe and a cold pipe installation area, the heat radiating units are provided with heat radiating cavities which are mutually adjacent, a heat pipe and a cold pipe are still reserved after being installed in the heat pipe and the cold pipe installation area, the heat pipe and the cold pipe extend to the battery installation area, and the cold pipe is communicated with a water tank to form a circulation loop of cooling liquid; the battery installation area is provided with a battery pack, a space is arranged between the battery pack and the battery pack, a heat conducting plate is arranged in the space, two ends of the heat conducting plate are connected with the heat pipe and the cold pipe installation area, the heat pipe and the cold pipe are connected to the heat conducting plate, and a region connected with the heat exchange area on the side wall of the battery box is provided with crumple holes arranged at intervals.
The heat exchange area is provided with a heat dissipation plate, two ends of the heat dissipation plate are connected with the side wall of the battery box, and the area surrounded by the heat dissipation plate and the battery box is the heat exchange area.
The heat conducting plates are arranged at intervals, the intervals between the heat conducting plates are heat conducting cavities, and the heat pipes and the cold pipes are arranged in the heat conducting cavities.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the outstanding technical characteristics that:
(1) The battery box is internally provided with a heat exchange zone, and two ends of the heat exchange zone are connected with the side wall of the battery box;
(2) The heat exchange area is internally provided with heat dissipation units which are arranged at intervals, and the heat dissipation units are provided with heat dissipation cavities which are mutually adjacent;
(3) The heat radiation unit and the heat radiation unit are arranged at intervals of a heat pipe and a cold pipe installation area;
(4) A space is arranged between the battery packs, and a heat conducting plate is arranged in the space;
(5) The side wall of the battery box is provided with crumple holes which are arranged at intervals in the area connected with the heat exchange area.
The technical characteristics make this technical scheme have following technical advantage:
(1) The heat dissipation effect is better, and the heat dissipation unit is provided with a heat dissipation cavity, so that natural heat dissipation can be better realized through heat transfer and heat rising and cooling of air.
(2) The added heat pipe and cold pipe installation area is used for installing the heat pipe and the cold pipe, firstly, the cold pipe of the heat pipe is not easy to be extruded to deform, the working effect is affected, and even the cooling liquid is leaked; meanwhile, the heat pipe and the cold pipe can cool or heat the battery installation area under different management requirements, so that the management is more convenient.
(3) The effect of preventing explosion and even explosion caused by extrusion is good, firstly, the heat dissipation cavity of the heat dissipation unit is of a thin-wall honeycomb structure and has certain deformation energy absorption capacity, and the mutual extrusion between batteries can be reduced to a certain extent; secondly, a part of the area on the side wall of the battery box is provided with a crumple hole, a heat exchange area is arranged in the area, the heat exchange area has certain supporting capacity on the battery box, and when the stress is stronger, the heat dissipation units are arranged at intervals, and also have certain deformation energy absorption capacity, so that the mutual extrusion between batteries can be reduced to a certain extent. Therefore, the device has better collapse energy absorption capacity in the heat exchange area when the vehicle collides, and can effectively reduce the extrusion of the internal battery, thereby preventing the explosion or even the explosion phenomenon of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is subjected to stronger pressure.
(4) A space is arranged between the battery packs, and a heat conducting plate is arranged in the space, so that the heat conducting area of the first heat conducting plate can be increased, and the heat transfer is quickened; secondly, when the battery pack is stressed, the stress area is smaller, so that stress points are concentrated too much, and a certain single battery is easy to deflagrate or even explode to cause chain reaction.
(5) The heat-conducting plate is arranged, so that the overall length of the cold pipe between the battery packs is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the risk of damage to the battery packs caused by leakage of cooling liquid is greatly reduced.
(6) Maintenance convenience: the heat radiating unit, the battery installation area heat conducting plate and other parts are independently designed, after the battery box is deformed due to the collision of the automobile, the damaged parts can be independently replaced, and when the damage is serious, the whole heat exchange area and the battery installation area heat conducting plate are required to be completely replaced.
A further preferred technical scheme is as follows:
the heat pipe is a heat transfer pipe fitting with two sealed ends, the interior of the heat pipe is vacuum, and the heat pipe is filled with a liquid heat conducting agent. The liquid heat conducting agent is mainly acetone, methanol, pure water and ethanol, and the arrangement ensures that the heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe reaches tens of times of that of pure copper. The heat pipe is L-shaped, one part of the flat and long part of the heat pipe extends to the battery installation area, the heat generated by the battery changes the liquid in the heat pipe into steam, the heat is brought to the other part of the L-shaped bending part of the heat pipe through movement, and the heat is dissipated into the air by the aluminum heat dissipation unit of the heat exchange area.
The heat dissipation cavity is surrounded by metal heat dissipation walls, and is a regular polygon cavity.
By the arrangement, the radiating cavity is of a thin-wall structure, firstly, heat can be radiated better, secondly, when the heat is stressed, the thin wall is provided with a deformation space by the cavity, and energy can be absorbed better.
The top surface of the battery box is convex, and a closed plane protection plate is arranged below the bottom surface.
The protection board below the bottom surface firstly protects the battery box from being damaged by road stones and the like, and secondly can effectively reduce the interference of air flow below the chassis on heat dissipation of the battery box.
The battery box battery installation area is closed, a waterproof ventilation valve is arranged at the top of the battery installation area, and the waterproof ventilation valve circulates air inside and outside the battery installation area.
The battery installation area is closed, so that the battery pack can be well protected.
The battery box is characterized in that the battery packs mounted in the battery mounting areas in the battery box are different in mounting height, a space is arranged between each battery pack in the horizontal direction, the space between the left and right sides of the battery pack is used for mounting a heat conducting plate, the space between the front and rear sides of the battery pack is filled with a heat conducting silica gel sheet or a phase-change silica gel sheet, and the heat conducting silica gel sheet or the phase-change silica gel sheet and the heat conducting plate form a groined structure to surround the battery pack.
The design of the upper convex and the lower flat of the battery box ensures that the pressure difference is formed at the upper side and the lower side, thereby accelerating the air flow of the heat exchange area.
Because the battery model used by the battery pack is 18650 cylindrical batteries, because the upper portion of the battery box is convex, in order to fully utilize the space of the vehicle body, the battery pack is installed at different heights, one layer of battery is installed at the place where the inclined surface of the battery box is low, one layer of battery is installed at the bottom of the place where the inclined surface of the battery box is high, and the other layer of battery is installed at the top of the battery box.
The silica gel sheet is a high-activity heat-absorbing material, and is formed by mixing chemical materials such as silicone oil, heat-conducting paste, ZNO and the like, and then vulcanizing at high temperature, and is super-soft, slightly viscous, certain in plasticity and strong in insulativity.
The heat conduction silica gel sheet or the phase change silica gel sheet is filled at intervals between the front and the rear of the battery pack, and the heat conduction silica gel sheet or the phase change silica gel sheet and the heat conduction sheet form a groined structure, so that good heat transfer can be performed, and the protection and the support of the battery can be increased when the battery is subjected to compression resistance, the acting area of the battery can be increased, and chain reaction caused by detonation or even explosion of a certain single battery can be further prevented. The batteries in the battery pack can be mutually separated by winding a heat conduction silicon sheet or a phase change silicon grease sheet, so that heat dissipation is facilitated, and the batteries are further protected.
The battery installation area is provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is electrically connected with a control unit, and the control unit is connected with a control water pump, an electric heating wire and an air inlet control motor.
Through setting up temperature sensor, can monitor the temperature in battery installation district at any time, utilize control unit control water pump, heating wire and air intake control motor's operating condition, carry out required heat exchange work.
The heat dissipation and heating system comprises an air inlet formed by an automobile front air inlet grille, the air inlet faces a battery box and a water tank, the water tank is provided with an electric heating device and a water pump, the electric heating device heats cooling liquid, and the water pump enables the cooling liquid to circulate along a closed loop formed by a cold pipe.
Above-mentioned setting, the air inlet grille is the air intake of battery box before the car, through guiding device to the battery box bloies. The air inlet grille is designed to be closable so as to meet the heat requirements of battery boxes in different seasons. The air inlet control motor is used for opening and closing the air inlet grille to adjust the size of the air inlet, thereby controlling the size of the air inlet and adjusting the temperature in the battery box.
And a guide plate or a guide shell cover is arranged between the air inlet and the battery box as well as between the air inlet and the water tank.
The flow guide plate or the flow guide shell can guide the flowing direction of air, and heat dissipation of the water tank and the battery box is enhanced.
The heat dissipation is divided into passive heat dissipation and active heat dissipation, when the heat dissipation requirement is not high, the passive heat dissipation is carried out, one end of the battery box faces to the front air inlet grille of the automobile, and the passive heat dissipation is carried out by the battery box through the air inlet of the front air inlet grille of the automobile; when the heat dissipation requirement of the battery is high, active heat dissipation is carried out, a water pump of the water tank drives cooling liquid to enter a battery installation area through a cold pipe, heat emitted by the battery is brought to a heat exchange area, and heat dissipation is carried out through the heat dissipation fins; the heating is to the battery heating when the temperature is low and can not meet the battery working requirement, the heating wire of the water tank heats the cooling liquid, the water pump of the water tank drives the heated cooling liquid to enter the battery installation area through the cold pipe, and the battery is heated through the cold pipe by the heated cooling liquid.
In the active heat dissipation mode, besides passive heat dissipation, cooling liquid can be utilized to circularly dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation effect is further improved, and the phenomena of faults, even deflagration and explosion of the battery due to overhigh temperature are prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the battery case of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the heat dissipating unit of the present utility model.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the heat conducting plate, the cold pipe and the heat pipe of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery of the present utility model, in which a thermally conductive silicone sheet or phase change silicone grease sheet is wound between the batteries.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of the battery box and the heat dissipation and heating system of the electric vehicle.
Fig. 7 is an air flow simulation diagram of a heat dissipation cavity of a heat dissipation unit of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is an effect view of the battery box casing of the present utility model after deformation due to collision.
Fig. 9 is a view showing the effect of the flow of the outside air of the battery box of the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-a battery mounting area; 2-heat exchange zone; 3-collapse holes; 4-a heat dissipation unit; 5-a heat pipe and cold pipe installation area; 6-a heat dissipation cavity; 7-battery pack; 8-a heat-conducting plate; 9-a cold tube; 10-a heat pipe; 11-a temperature sensor; 12-a control unit; 13-a water pump; 14-heating wire; 15-the air inlet controls the motor.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the battery box of the electric automobile is in a shell structure, a heat exchange area 2 and a battery installation area 1 are arranged in the shell of the battery box, the heat exchange area 2 is arranged at intervals, two ends of the heat exchange area 2 are connected with the side wall of the battery box, the interval between the heat exchange area 2 and the heat exchange area 2 is the battery installation area 1, the heat exchange area 2 is provided with a heat dissipation unit 4 arranged at intervals, the interval between the heat dissipation unit 4 and the heat dissipation unit 4 is a heat pipe and a cold pipe installation area 5, the heat dissipation unit 4 is provided with heat dissipation cavities 6 adjacent to each other, a heat pipe 10 and a cold pipe 9 are still provided with gaps after the heat pipe and the cold pipe installation area 5 are installed, the heat pipe 10 and the cold pipe 9 extend to the battery installation area 1, and the cold pipe 9 is communicated with a water tank and forms a circulation loop of cooling liquid; the battery installation area 1 is provided with a battery pack 7, a space is arranged between the battery pack 7 and the battery pack 7, a heat conducting plate 8 is arranged in the space, two ends of the heat conducting plate 8 are connected with the heat pipe and cold pipe installation area 5, the heat pipe 10 and the cold pipe 9 are connected to the heat conducting plate 8, and a region connected with the heat exchange area 2 on the side wall of the battery box is provided with a crumple hole 3 which is arranged at intervals.
Fig. 2 shows a part of the battery pack 7 in the battery mounting area 1, and in the actual product, the battery pack 7 and the heat conducting plate 8 are all filled in the battery mounting area 1, so as to avoid the influence of excessive density of the components in the drawing on the structure of the device.
The heat exchange area 2 is provided with a heat dissipation plate, two ends of the heat dissipation plate are connected with the side wall of the battery box, and the area surrounded by the heat dissipation plate and the battery box is the heat exchange area 2.
The heat conducting plates 8 are arranged at intervals, the intervals between the heat conducting plates 8 and the heat conducting plates 8 are heat conducting cavities, and the heat pipes 10 and the cold pipes 9 are arranged in the heat conducting cavities.
The heat pipe 10 is a heat transfer pipe 10 with two sealed ends, the interior of the heat pipe 10 is vacuum, and the heat pipe 10 is filled with a liquid heat conducting agent. The liquid heat-conducting agent is mainly acetone, methanol, pure water and ethanol, and the arrangement ensures that the heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe 10 is tens of times that of pure copper. The heat pipe 10 is L-shaped, the flat and long ends of the heat pipe 10 extend to the battery mounting area 1, the liquid in the heat pipe 10 is changed into steam by the heat generated by the battery, the heat is brought to the L-shaped bending position of the other part of the heat pipe 10 by movement, and the heat is emitted into the air by the aluminum heat radiating unit 4 of the heat exchanging area 2.
The heat dissipation cavity 6 is surrounded by metal heat dissipation walls, and the heat dissipation cavity 6 is a regular polygon cavity.
By the arrangement, the radiating cavity 6 is of a thin-wall structure, firstly, heat can be radiated better, secondly, when the heat is applied, the thin wall is provided with a deformation space by the cavity, and energy can be absorbed better.
The top surface of the battery box is a convex surface, and a closed plane protection plate is arranged below the bottom surface.
The protection board below the bottom surface firstly protects the battery box from being damaged by road stones and the like, and secondly can effectively reduce the interference of air flow below the chassis on heat dissipation of the battery box.
The battery box battery installation area 1 is arranged in a closed mode, a waterproof ventilation valve is arranged at the top of the battery installation area 1, and ventilation of air inside and outside the battery installation area 1 is carried out through the waterproof ventilation valve.
The battery mounting area 1 is arranged in a closed manner, so that the battery pack 7 can be well protected.
The battery packs 7 mounted in the battery mounting areas 1 in the battery box are different in mounting height, the battery packs 7 are horizontally provided with intervals, the intervals between the left and right sides of the battery packs 7 are used for mounting the heat-conducting plates 8, the intervals between the front and rear sides of the battery packs 7 are filled with heat-conducting silica gel sheets or phase-change silica gel sheets, and the heat-conducting silica gel sheets or phase-change silica gel sheets and the heat-conducting plates 8 form a groined structure to surround the battery packs 7.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the simulation effect of the battery box of the present utility model when being stressed, wherein different colors represent the stress conditions. When the battery box deforms due to the collision of the automobile, the heat dissipation area is preferentially deformed and absorbs energy due to the arrangement of the crumple holes 3, so that the safety of the battery installation area 1 is protected; the heat-conducting plate 8 inside the battery mounting area 1 also has a certain resistance to deformation.
In the air flow state diagram shown in fig. 9, the convex-up and flat-down design of the battery box makes the upper side and the lower side form pressure difference, so that the air flow of the heat exchange area 2 is accelerated.
Because the battery model used by the battery pack 7 is 18650 cylindrical batteries, because the upper part of the battery box is convex, in order to fully utilize the space of the vehicle body, the battery pack 7 is provided with different heights, a layer of batteries is arranged at the place where the inclined surface of the battery box is low, a layer of batteries is arranged at the bottom of the place where the inclined surface of the battery box is high, and another layer of batteries is arranged at the top of the place where the inclined surface of the battery box is high.
The silica gel sheet is a high-activity heat-absorbing material, and is formed by mixing chemical materials such as silicone oil, heat-conducting paste, ZNO and the like, and then vulcanizing at high temperature, and is super-soft, slightly viscous, certain in plasticity and strong in insulativity.
The heat conduction silica gel sheets or the phase change silica gel sheets are filled at intervals between the front and the rear of the battery pack 7, and form a groined structure with the heat conduction plate 8, so that good heat transfer can be performed, and the protection and the support of the battery can be increased when the battery is subjected to compression resistance, the acting area of the battery can be increased, and the chain reaction caused by detonation and even explosion of a certain single battery can be further prevented. The batteries in the battery pack 7 can be mutually separated by winding a heat conducting silicon sheet or a phase change silicon grease sheet, so that heat dissipation is facilitated, and the batteries are further protected.
The battery mounting area 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 11, the temperature sensor 11 is electrically connected with a control unit 12, and the control unit 12 is connected with a control water pump 13, an electric heating wire 14 and an air inlet control motor 15.
By providing the temperature sensor 11, the temperature of the battery mounting area 1 can be monitored at any time, and the control unit 12 is used for controlling the working states of the water pump 13, the heating wire 14 and the air inlet control motor 15 to perform the required heat exchange work.
The heat dissipation and heating system comprises an air inlet formed by an automobile air inlet grille, the air inlet faces a battery box and a water tank, the water tank is provided with an electric heating device and a water pump 13, the electric heating device heats cooling liquid, and the water pump 13 enables the cooling liquid to circulate along a closed loop formed by a cold pipe 9.
Above-mentioned setting, the air inlet grille is the air intake of battery box before the car, through guiding device to the battery box bloies. The air inlet grille is designed to be closable so as to meet the heat requirements of battery boxes in different seasons. The air inlet control motor 15 is responsible for opening and closing the air inlet grille to adjust the size of the air inlet, thereby controlling the size of the air inlet and adjusting the temperature in the battery box.
And a guide plate or a guide shell cover is arranged between the air inlet and the battery box as well as between the air inlet and the water tank.
The flow guide plate or the flow guide shell can guide the flowing direction of air, and heat dissipation of the water tank and the battery box is enhanced.
The heat dissipation is divided into passive heat dissipation and active heat dissipation, when the heat dissipation requirement is not high, the passive heat dissipation is carried out, one end of the battery box faces to the front air inlet grille of the automobile, and the passive heat dissipation is carried out by the battery box through the air inlet of the front air inlet grille of the automobile; when the heat dissipation requirement of the battery is high, active heat dissipation is carried out, the water pump 13 of the water tank drives the cooling liquid to enter the battery installation area 1 through the cold pipe 9, the heat emitted by the battery is brought to the heat exchange area 2, and the heat is dissipated through the radiating fins; the heating is to the battery heating when the temperature is low and can not meet the battery working requirement, the heating wire 14 of the water tank heats the cooling liquid, the water pump 13 of the water tank drives the heated cooling liquid to enter the battery installation area 1 through the cold pipe 9, and the battery is heated through the cold pipe 9 by the heated cooling liquid.
In the active heat dissipation mode, besides passive heat dissipation, cooling liquid can be utilized to circularly dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation effect is further improved, and the phenomena of faults, even deflagration and explosion of the battery due to overhigh temperature are prevented.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the outstanding technical characteristics that:
(1) The battery box is internally provided with heat exchange areas 2 at intervals, and two ends of the heat exchange areas 2 are connected with the side wall of the battery box;
(2) The heat exchange area 2 is internally provided with heat dissipation units 4 which are arranged at intervals, and the heat dissipation units 4 are provided with heat dissipation cavities 6 which are mutually adjacent;
(3) The heat radiation unit 4 and the heat radiation unit 4 are separated by a heat pipe and a cold pipe installation area 5;
(4) A space is arranged between the battery packs 7 and 7, and a heat conducting plate 8 is arranged at the space;
(5) The side wall of the battery box is provided with crumple holes 3 which are arranged at intervals in the area connected with the heat exchange area 2.
The technical characteristics make this technical scheme have following technical advantage:
(1) The heat dissipation effect is better, and the heat dissipation unit 4 is provided with the heat dissipation cavity 6, so that natural heat dissipation can be better realized through heat transfer and heat rising and cooling of air.
(2) The added heat pipe and cold pipe installation area 5 is used for installing the heat pipe 10 and the cold pipe 9, firstly, the cold pipe 9 of the heat pipe 10 is not easy to be extruded to deform, the working effect is affected, and even the cooling liquid is leaked; meanwhile, the heat pipe 10 and the cold pipe 9 can cool or heat the battery installation area 1 under different management requirements, so that the management is more convenient.
(3) The effect of preventing explosion and even explosion caused by extrusion is good, firstly, the heat dissipation cavity 6 of the heat dissipation unit 4 enables the heat dissipation unit 4 to be of a thin-wall honeycomb structure and has certain deformation energy absorption capacity, and the mutual extrusion between batteries can be reduced to a certain extent; secondly, a part of the area on the side wall of the battery box is provided with a crumple hole 3, and the area is provided with a heat exchange area 2 which has a certain supporting capacity for the battery box, and when the stress is stronger, the heat dissipation units 4 are arranged at intervals and also have a certain deformation energy absorption capacity, so that the mutual extrusion between batteries can be reduced to a certain extent. Therefore, the device has better collapse energy absorption capacity in the heat exchange area 2 when the vehicle collides, and can effectively reduce the extrusion of the internal battery, thereby preventing the explosion or even the explosion phenomenon of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is under stronger pressure.
(4) The battery pack 7 is provided with a space between the battery packs 7, and a heat conducting plate 8 is arranged in the space, so that the heat conducting area of the heat conducting plate 8 can be increased, and the heat transfer is quickened; secondly, when the battery pack 7 is stressed, the stress area is smaller, so that stress points are concentrated, and chain reaction caused by detonation or even explosion of a certain single battery is easy to occur.
(5) The arrangement of the heat-conducting plate 8 also effectively reduces the overall length of the cold pipe 9 between the battery packs 7, and simultaneously greatly reduces the risk of damage to the battery packs 7 caused by leakage of cooling liquid.
(6) Maintenance convenience: the heat dissipation unit and the heat conduction plate 8 of the battery installation area 1 are designed at intervals, after the battery box is deformed due to the collision of the automobile, damaged parts can be independently replaced, and when the damage is serious, the whole heat dissipation area and the heat conduction plate 8 of the battery installation area 1 can be completely replaced.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, but rather the equivalent structural changes made by the application of the present description and drawings are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The battery box of the electric automobile is of a shell structure, a heat exchange area and a battery installation area are arranged in the shell of the battery box, the heat exchange area is arranged at intervals, two ends of the heat exchange area are connected with the side wall of the battery box, the interval between the heat exchange area and the heat exchange area is the battery installation area, the heat exchange area is provided with heat radiating units arranged at intervals, the interval between the heat radiating units is a heat pipe and a cold pipe installation area, the heat radiating units are provided with heat radiating cavities which are mutually adjacent, a heat pipe and a cold pipe are still reserved after being installed in the heat pipe and the cold pipe installation area, the heat pipe and the cold pipe extend to the battery installation area, and the cold pipe is communicated with a water tank to form a circulation loop of cooling liquid; the battery installation area is provided with a battery pack, a space is arranged between the battery pack and the battery pack, a heat conducting plate is arranged in the space, two ends of the heat conducting plate are connected with the heat pipe and the cold pipe installation area, the heat pipe and the cold pipe are connected to the heat conducting plate, and a region connected with the heat exchange area on the side wall of the battery box is provided with crumple holes which are arranged at intervals;
the heat pipe is a heat transfer pipe fitting with two sealed ends, the interior of the heat pipe is vacuum, and the heat pipe is filled with a liquid heat conducting agent;
the battery box battery installation area is closed, a waterproof ventilation valve is arranged at the top of the battery installation area, and the waterproof ventilation valve circulates air inside and outside the battery installation area.
2. The electric vehicle battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery box is characterized in that the battery packs mounted in the battery mounting areas in the battery box are different in mounting height, a space is arranged between each battery pack in the horizontal direction, the space between the left and right sides of the battery pack is used for mounting a heat conducting plate, the space between the front and rear sides of the battery pack is filled with a heat conducting silica gel sheet or a phase-change silica gel sheet, and the heat conducting silica gel sheet or the phase-change silica gel sheet and the heat conducting plate form a groined structure to surround the battery pack.
3. The electric vehicle battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery installation area is provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is electrically connected with a control unit, and the control unit is connected with a control water pump, an electric heating wire and an air inlet control motor.
4. The heat dissipation and heating system of an electric vehicle battery box according to claim 1, wherein: the heat dissipation and heating system comprises an air inlet formed by an automobile front air inlet grille, the air inlet faces a battery box and a water tank, the water tank is provided with an electric heating device and a water pump, the electric heating device heats cooling liquid, and the water pump enables the cooling liquid to circulate along a closed loop formed by a cold pipe.
5. The heat radiation and heating method for the battery box of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the heat radiation and heating method comprises the following steps: the heat dissipation is divided into passive heat dissipation and active heat dissipation, when the heat dissipation requirement is not high, the passive heat dissipation is carried out, one end of the battery box faces to the front air inlet grille of the automobile, and the passive heat dissipation is carried out by the battery box through the air inlet of the front air inlet grille of the automobile; when the heat dissipation requirement of the battery is high, active heat dissipation is carried out, a water pump of the water tank drives cooling liquid to enter a battery installation area through a cold pipe, heat emitted by the battery is brought to a heat exchange area, and heat dissipation is carried out through the heat dissipation fins; the heating is to the battery heating when the temperature is low and can not meet the battery working requirement, the heating wire of the water tank heats the cooling liquid, the water pump of the water tank drives the heated cooling liquid to enter the battery installation area through the cold pipe, and the battery is heated through the cold pipe by the heated cooling liquid.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201820881362.XU CN208433489U (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | A kind of electric automobile battery box and its heat dissipation, heating system |
| CN201810583786.2A CN108520990B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Electric automobile battery box and heat dissipation and heating system and method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201820881362.XU CN208433489U (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | A kind of electric automobile battery box and its heat dissipation, heating system |
| CN201810583786.2A CN108520990B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Electric automobile battery box and heat dissipation and heating system and method thereof |
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| CN108520990A CN108520990A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
| CN108520990B true CN108520990B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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| CN201810583786.2A Active CN108520990B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Electric automobile battery box and heat dissipation and heating system and method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN208433489U (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-01-25 | 聊城大学 | A kind of electric automobile battery box and its heat dissipation, heating system |
| CN109687054B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2024-05-14 | 江南大学 | Liquid cooling battery cooling system |
| CN109830775B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-06-22 | 江苏大学 | Power battery pack multistage heat dissipation system based on coupling of planar heat pipe, liquid cooling and phase change energy storage heat conduction plate and control method |
| CN110994073A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Temperature management system for hybrid lithium battery |
| CN114784412B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2024-09-10 | 郑州新基业汽车电子有限公司 | Heat management equipment of new energy automobile |
| CN114858553B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2025-03-04 | 西安交通大学 | A battery model and test system for battery thermal management experimental testing |
| CN116315285B (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏智泰新能源科技有限公司 | Active separation type power supply connection assembly of battery pack |
| CN118825488B (en) * | 2024-07-03 | 2025-05-06 | 广西易德科技有限责任公司 | Liquid cooling heat dissipation structure and heat dissipation method of automobile battery |
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| WO2013003989A1 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-10 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Temperature control system with thermal tubes for vehicle power battery box |
| CN105406017A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 苏州科纽普新能源科技有限公司 | Drawer type battery pack unit convenient to replace single battery plate |
| CN106785191A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 北方工业大学 | battery module and electric equipment |
| WO2017143564A1 (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | 深圳普益电池科技有限公司 | Thermal management device for battery pack |
| CN208433489U (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-01-25 | 聊城大学 | A kind of electric automobile battery box and its heat dissipation, heating system |
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2018
- 2018-06-08 CN CN201820881362.XU patent/CN208433489U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2018-06-08 CN CN201810583786.2A patent/CN108520990B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013003989A1 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-10 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Temperature control system with thermal tubes for vehicle power battery box |
| CN105406017A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 苏州科纽普新能源科技有限公司 | Drawer type battery pack unit convenient to replace single battery plate |
| WO2017143564A1 (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | 深圳普益电池科技有限公司 | Thermal management device for battery pack |
| CN106785191A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 北方工业大学 | battery module and electric equipment |
| CN208433489U (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-01-25 | 聊城大学 | A kind of electric automobile battery box and its heat dissipation, heating system |
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| CN108520990A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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Effective date of registration: 20230907 Address after: 200 meters north of Wenfang Village West, Lepingpu Town, Chiping District, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, 252100 Applicant after: Liaocheng Chiping Yida Machinery Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 252000 No. 1, Hunan Road, Shandong, Liaocheng Applicant before: LIAOCHENG University |
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