CN113218102B - Heat pump system based on three devices and defrosting method thereof - Google Patents
Heat pump system based on three devices and defrosting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113218102B CN113218102B CN202110469263.7A CN202110469263A CN113218102B CN 113218102 B CN113218102 B CN 113218102B CN 202110469263 A CN202110469263 A CN 202110469263A CN 113218102 B CN113218102 B CN 113218102B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat pump system based on three devices and a defrosting method thereof, wherein refrigerant compression circulation is adopted, the heat pump system comprises three heat exchangers, the first heat exchanger is a refrigerant/ambient air heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are both refrigerant and to-be-processed fluid heat exchangers, and the function conversion of the three heat exchangers is realized by switching the flow direction of the refrigerant, so that the refrigeration and heating of the to-be-processed fluid and the defrosting of the heat exchangers are realized. The on-line defrosting of heating and dehumidification can be uninterrupted, and the comfort is improved through dehumidification reheating and the like. The invention has the advantages of simple system, low cost, high efficiency, safety, reliability, energy saving, environmental protection and the like, and can be widely used in various fields of industry, civilian use and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a defrosting method and a defrosting system of a novel air-cooled heat pump based on three devices, which are used for refrigeration, heating, dehumidification and the like.
Background
The existing air-cooled heat pump is easy to produce frost when the ambient temperature is low, so that the system is heated and the defrosting is interrupted, the heating effect is influenced, and the heat pump is changed into a refrigerating mode during defrosting, so that the heat loss is caused. The existing heat pump air conditioner mainly adopts refrigeration and heating, has poor dehumidification function, is easy to generate frost during dehumidification in plum rain season, and causes dehumidification difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel defrosting method and a novel defrosting system aiming at the problems, which can be used for defrosting on line without interrupting heating and dehumidification and improving the comfort through dehumidification and reheating and the like.
An air-cooled heat pump system based on three devices is characterized by comprising a compressor, a main throttle valve, an auxiliary throttle valve, a bypass valve, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a first four-way valve and a fan, the inlet of the compressor is connected with one interface of the four-way valve, the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths, the two paths are respectively connected with the four interfaces of the four-way valve and one interface of the first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger, the other interface of the first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger is divided into two paths and respectively connected with the auxiliary throttle valve and the bypass valve, the other interfaces of the auxiliary throttle valve and the bypass valve are respectively connected with the first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger and the main throttle valve, the other interface of the main throttle valve is connected with one interface of the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger, the other interface of the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger is connected with the second interface of the four-way valve, and the other interface of the first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger is connected with the three interfaces of the four-way valve to form a refrigerant circulating pipeline. The fan is arranged at the upstream or the downstream of the second fluid channel of the first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger realizes heat exchange between a refrigerant and air, the second fluid channels of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are filled with fluid to be treated, the fluid to be treated is gas or liquid, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively realize heat exchange between the refrigerant and the gas or the liquid, or simultaneously exchange heat between the refrigerant and the gas and the liquid, or exchange heat between one of the refrigerant and the gas, and exchange heat between the other one of the refrigerant and the liquid. The system includes two heating cycles:
the main heating cycle, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths, one path of the gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with the fluid to be processed through the third heat exchanger, the refrigerant is condensed to heat the fluid to be processed, the gaseous refrigerant passes through the bypass valve, the other path of the gaseous refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger through the first four-way valve, the refrigerant is condensed to exchange heat with the fluid to be processed, the fluid to be processed is heated, then the heated fluid and the refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve converge to enter the first heat exchanger through the main throttle valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is evaporated, and then the heated fluid returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize the cycle.
The auxiliary heating circulation is that a part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor exchanges heat with fluid through a third heat exchanger, the refrigerant is condensed, the fluid is heated, the refrigerant enters a second heat exchanger through an auxiliary throttle valve, at the moment, a bypass valve is closed, meanwhile, the other part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters a first heat exchanger through a first four-way valve, the refrigerant is condensed and defrosted to the first heat exchanger, the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger through a main throttle valve, the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize circulation;
realize the switching of main heating cycle and supplementary heating cycle through first cross valve: and after the first heat exchanger produces frost, switching to the auxiliary heating cycle, and after the first heat exchanger finishes defrosting, switching back to the main heating cycle.
Furthermore, the system is also provided with a second four-way valve and a first switch valve, wherein a three-port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connected with a compressor inlet and a two-port of the first four-way valve, a four-port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connected with a compressor inlet and a four-port of the first four-way valve, a port of the second four-way valve is connected with the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger through the switch valve, and a second port of the second four-way valve replaces the three-port of the first four-way valve to be connected with a first port of the first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger.
When the second and fourth interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated and the first and third interfaces are communicated, the main heating cycle and the auxiliary heating cycle are switched by the first four-way valve in a heating mode, wherein the first switch valve is opened in the main heating cycle, and the first switch valve is closed in the auxiliary heating cycle. When the second and third interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated, the first and fourth interfaces are communicated and the first switch valve is opened, the first refrigeration mode is adopted, and the refrigerant cycle specifically comprises the following steps: gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the second four-way valve and the first four-way valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is condensed and then is divided into two paths after passing through the throttle valve, one path of the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, fluid to be processed is cooled, the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve, the other path of the refrigerant enters the third heat exchanger through the bypass valve to exchange heat with the fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled, and finally the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the second four-way valve to realize circulation.
Or the system also comprises a second switch valve which is arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the compressor and the third heat exchanger and is used for adjusting the flow of the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor and led into the third heat exchanger; wherein realize the switching of heating mode and second refrigeration mode through controlling the second ooff valve, specifically do: when the second switch valve is opened, the heating mode is adopted, and during dehumidification circulation, the flow of the refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger can be adjusted through the valve 301. The second switch valve is in a second refrigeration mode when completely closed, the refrigerant does not pass through the third heat exchanger, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the first four-way valve to be condensed, then enters the second heat exchanger through the main throttle valve, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled to realize refrigeration, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize circulation.
Further, the fluid to be treated is gas, the system is used for dehumidifying the gas, wherein the gas firstly passes through the second heat exchanger and then passes through the third heat exchanger, and the system comprises two dehumidification cycles, specifically:
the main dehumidification cycle is that a part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor exchanges heat with gas through a third heat exchanger, the refrigerant is condensed, the gas is heated, the refrigerant enters a second heat exchanger through an auxiliary throttle valve, at the moment, a bypass valve is closed, the other part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters a first heat exchanger through a four-way valve to exchange heat with ambient air, the refrigerant is condensed, then enters the second heat exchanger through a main throttle valve, the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger is evaporated, the gas is cooled, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through a first four-way valve, so that the refrigerant circulation is realized;
the auxiliary dehumidification cycle is adopted, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths, one path of the gaseous refrigerant passes through the third heat exchanger to exchange heat with fluid, the refrigerant condenses and heats the fluid, and then passes through the bypass valve, the other path of the gaseous refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger through the first four-way valve, the refrigerant condenses and exchanges heat with the fluid, the fluid is heated, then the fluid is converged with the refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve, enters the first heat exchanger through the main throttle valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is evaporated, and then the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve, so that the refrigerant cycle is realized;
realize the switching of main dehumidification circulation and supplementary dehumidification circulation through first cross valve: when the second heat exchanger produces frost, switching to auxiliary dehumidification circulation; and after defrosting of the second heat exchanger is finished, switching back to the main dehumidification cycle.
Furthermore, the system is also provided with a second four-way valve and a first switch valve, wherein a three-port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connected with a compressor inlet and a two-port of the first four-way valve, a four-port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connected with a compressor inlet and a four-port of the first four-way valve, a port of the second four-way valve is connected with the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger through the switch valve, and a second port of the second four-way valve replaces the three-port of the first four-way valve to be connected with a first port of the first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger.
When the second and fourth interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated and the first and third interfaces are communicated, the second four-way valve is in a heating mode/dehumidification mode, the main heating cycle and the auxiliary heating cycle as well as the main dehumidification cycle and the auxiliary dehumidification cycle are switched by the first four-way valve, wherein the first switch valve is opened during the main heating cycle or the auxiliary dehumidification cycle, and the first switch valve is closed during the auxiliary heating cycle or the main dehumidification cycle. When the second and third interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated, the first and fourth interfaces are communicated and the first switch valve is opened, the first refrigeration mode is adopted, and the refrigerant cycle specifically comprises the following steps: gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the second four-way valve and the first four-way valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is condensed and then is divided into two paths after passing through the throttle valve, one path of the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, fluid to be processed is cooled, the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve, the other path of the refrigerant enters the third heat exchanger through the bypass valve to exchange heat with the fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled, and finally the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the second four-way valve to realize circulation.
Or the system also comprises a second switch valve which is arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the compressor and the third heat exchanger and is used for adjusting the flow of the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor and led into the third heat exchanger; wherein realize the switching of heating mode and second refrigeration mode through controlling the second ooff valve, specifically do: when the second switch valve is opened, the heating mode is adopted, and during dehumidification circulation, the flow of the refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger can be adjusted through the valve 301. The second switch valve is in a second refrigeration mode when completely closed, the refrigerant does not pass through the third heat exchanger, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the first four-way valve to be condensed, then enters the second heat exchanger through the main throttle valve, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled to realize refrigeration, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize circulation.
Furthermore, different fluids are introduced into the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, so that the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger can both heat or refrigerate, or the second heat exchanger refrigerates and the third heat exchanger heats, or the third heat exchanger refrigerates and the second heat exchanger heats.
Further, the fluid to be treated is introduced into the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger in series, in parallel or in series-parallel, wherein the two fluids to be treated in parallel can be different fluids or the same fluid.
Further, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger may be combined into one heat exchanger.
The system comprises a plurality of air treatment terminals formed by connecting a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, an auxiliary throttle valve and a bypass valve, wherein one interface of a first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger of each air treatment terminal is connected with a third interface of a first four-way valve, the other interface of the first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger and the auxiliary throttle valve are connected with a main throttle valve, one interface of a first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger is connected with a fourth interface of the first four-way valve and an outlet of a compressor, and the fluid to be treated introduced into the second fluid channels of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger is air.
Furthermore, the fluid to be treated is water, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are Freon/water heat exchangers, and the system is an air-cooled heat pump water heater. The fluid is cold water from a water supply source or circulating water from a heat storage hot water tank of a water heater.
A defrosting method of an air-cooled heat pump system based on three devices is characterized in that the heat pump system adopts refrigerant compression circulation and comprises three heat exchangers, the first heat exchanger is a refrigerant/ambient air heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are both refrigerant and to-be-processed fluid heat exchangers, and the defrosting method of the heat pump system when the to-be-processed fluid is heated is as follows:
the function conversion of the three heat exchangers is realized through refrigerant reversing so as to melt frost, the refrigerant flow direction specifically comprises a main heating circulation and an auxiliary heating circulation, the main heating circulation is adopted, the compressed refrigerant is firstly introduced into a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are used as condensers, and the treated fluid is heated through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger; the refrigerant coming out of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger passes through the throttle valve and then enters the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator at the moment, the ambient air passes through the evaporator, and the refrigerant takes heat from the ambient air. After the first heat exchanger frosts, the refrigerant is converted into auxiliary heating circulation through reversing, and the first heat exchanger is defrosted, namely, the compressed refrigerant is firstly introduced into the first heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is changed into a condenser, the refrigerant is defrosted by utilizing the condensation heat of the refrigerant, and the third heat exchanger is still the condenser and heats the fluid to be processed; the refrigerant coming out of the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger enters a second heat exchanger after passing through a throttle valve, the second heat exchanger becomes an evaporator for cooling the fluid to be processed, and after the first heat exchanger finishes defrosting, the heat pump system is switched back to the main heating cycle through refrigerant reversing;
the defrosting method during dehumidification of the heat pump system comprises the following steps: thereby realize the function conversion of three heat exchangers through the refrigerant switching-over and melt the frost, the refrigerant flow direction specifically includes main dehumidification circulation and supplementary dehumidification circulation, main dehumidification circulation, and the refrigerant after the compression lets in first heat exchanger and third heat exchanger earlier, and first heat exchanger and third heat exchanger are as the condenser to ambient air and pending fluid heating, and the refrigerant that comes out from first heat exchanger and third heat exchanger gets into the second heat exchanger behind the choke valve, and the second heat exchanger is as the evaporimeter, and pending fluid is cooled off, pending fluid is gaseous, loop through second heat exchanger and third heat exchanger in proper order, and the absolute moisture content of gas reduces, and is reheated. After the second heat exchanger frosts, the second heat exchanger is defrosted by the aid of the auxiliary dehumidification cycle through refrigerant reversing, namely, the compressed refrigerant is firstly introduced into the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger becomes a condenser, the refrigerant is defrosted by utilizing condensation heat, the third heat exchanger is still the condenser, the fluid to be processed, namely gas, is heated through the second heat exchanger, the refrigerant coming out of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger passes through the throttle valve and then enters the first heat exchanger, at the moment, the first heat exchanger becomes an evaporator, and the ambient air is heated. And after defrosting is finished by the second heat exchanger, the fluid to be treated is switched back to the auxiliary dehumidification cycle through refrigerant reversing.
The system of the invention can be used for various air-cooled heat pump systems, including an integral unit, a multi-split system, a split air conditioner, a cold-hot water unit and the like.
The invention has the advantages of simple system, low cost, high efficiency, safety, reliability, energy saving, environmental protection and the like, and can be widely used in various fields of industry, civilian use and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a basic schematic diagram of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a main heating cycle/auxiliary dehumidification cycle
FIG. 3 shows an auxiliary heating cycle/main dehumidification cycle
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger with heating and cooling functions
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main heating cycle
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary heating cycle
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration cycle
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a heat-producing and cooling device
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of heating water
FIG. 10 shows a multi-split system
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of heating/cooling water
Detailed Description
The system 100 comprises a compressor 101, a main throttle valve 102, an auxiliary throttle valve 109, a bypass valve 110, a first heat exchanger 104, a second heat exchanger 105, a third heat exchanger 106, a first four-way valve 103, a fan 108, a refrigerant pipe 107 and the like, wherein the compressor 101, the main throttle valve 102, the auxiliary throttle valve 109, the bypass valve 110, the first heat exchanger 104, the second heat exchanger 105, the third heat exchanger 106 and the first four-way valve 103 are connected through refrigerant pipes to form a refrigeration cycle loop, namely, an inlet of the compressor 101 is connected with a port 11 of the first four-way valve, an outlet of the compressor 101 is divided into two paths and respectively connected with a fourth port 14 of the first four-way valve and a port of a first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger 106, the other port of the first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger 106 is divided into two paths and respectively connected with the auxiliary throttle valve 109 and the bypass valve 110, the other port of the auxiliary throttle valve 109 and the bypass valve 110 is simultaneously connected with a port of the first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger, the other interfaces of the auxiliary throttle valve 109 and the bypass valve 110 are also connected with the main throttle valve 102, the other interface of the main throttle valve is connected with the first interface of the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger 108, the other interface of the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger 108 is connected with the second interface 12 of the first four-way valve, the other interface of the first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger 105 is connected with the third interface 13 of the first four-way valve, the fan is arranged at the upstream or downstream of the second fluid channel of the first heat exchanger 104, the refrigerant of the first heat exchanger 104 exchanges heat with the air, the second fluid channels of the second heat exchanger 105 and the third heat exchanger 106 are introduced with the fluid to be treated, the fluid to be treated is gas such as air, or liquid such as water, etc., as shown in fig. 9, or exchanges heat with gas and liquid simultaneously, or one of the two exchanges heat with the gas, and the other exchanges heat with the liquid. This is not shown in the figure.
Fluid, namely gas or liquid, is introduced into the other side of the heat exchanger, the air-cooled heat pump system has two heating cycles, namely a main heating cycle and an auxiliary heating cycle, the main heating cycle 100A is, as shown in fig. 2, gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 is divided into two paths, one path of the gaseous refrigerant passes through the third heat exchanger 106 to exchange heat with the fluid, the refrigerant condenses to heat the fluid, passes through the bypass valve 110, the other path of the gaseous refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 105 through the first four-way valve 103, the refrigerant condenses to exchange heat with the fluid, the fluid is heated, then converges with the refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve 110, enters the first heat exchanger 104 through the main throttle valve 102 to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant evaporates, and then returns to the inlet of the compressor 101 through the first four-way valve 103; when the first heat exchanger 104 is frosted, the first heat exchanger is switched to the auxiliary heating cycle 200B through the first four-way valve 103, as shown in fig. 3, that is, a part of the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 exchanges heat with the fluid through the third heat exchanger 106, the refrigerant is condensed, the fluid is heated, the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 105 through the auxiliary throttle valve 109, at this time, the bypass valve 110 is closed, the other part of the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 enters the first heat exchanger 104 through the first four-way valve 103, the refrigerant is condensed and defrosted to the first heat exchanger 104, the refrigerant then enters the second heat exchanger 105 through the main throttle valve 102, the second heat exchanger 105 functions as an evaporator, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid is cooled, and then the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor 101 through the first four-way valve 103; when the defrosting of the first heat exchanger 104 is completed, the main heating cycle is switched back.
Fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 9, etc. show that the fluid passing through the second heat exchanger 105 and the third heat exchanger 106 passes through in series, that is, the fluid passes through the second fluid channel of the second heat exchanger 105 and the second fluid channel of the third heat exchanger 106 in sequence for heat exchange, or passes through in parallel (the fluid is divided into two streams which pass through the second fluid channel of the second heat exchanger 105 and the second fluid channel of the third heat exchanger 106 for heat exchange respectively) or passes through in series and in parallel, and when the fluids pass through in parallel, the two parallel streams may be different fluids or the same fluid. The series-parallel connection means that one fluid passes through the second heat exchanger 105 and then the third heat exchanger 106, and the other fluid passes through the third heat exchanger 106 only, and the series-parallel connection is not shown in the figure.
The air-cooled heat pump system can also realize refrigeration and heating at the same time, for example, sanitary hot water can be provided when refrigeration is carried out in summer, or the air-cooled heat pump system is applied when refrigeration and heating requirements exist in a building simultaneously.
The second heat exchanger 105 and the third heat exchanger 106 may be combined into one heat exchanger, for example, when the two heat exchangers are fin-and-tube heat exchangers, the fins may be integral fins, and the heat exchange tubes may be disconnected and connected to the auxiliary throttle valve 109 and the bypass valve 110.
The heat pump system can also be used for dehumidifying gas, and specifically comprises the following components: the fluid to be processed is gas, the gas passes through the second heat exchanger 105 and then passes through the third heat exchanger 106, the heat pump system has two dehumidification cycles, namely a main dehumidification cycle and an auxiliary dehumidification cycle, as shown in fig. 3, a part of the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 passes through the third heat exchanger 106 to exchange heat with the fluid, the refrigerant is condensed, the fluid is heated, the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 105 through the auxiliary throttle valve 109, at this time, the bypass valve 110 is closed, the other part of the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 enters the first heat exchanger 104 through the first four-way valve 103 to exchange heat with ambient air, the refrigerant is condensed, the refrigerant then enters the second heat exchanger 105 through the main throttle valve 102, the second heat exchanger 105 functions as an evaporator, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid is cooled, and the refrigerant then returns to the inlet of the compressor 101 through the first four-way valve 103 to realize refrigerant circulation, the gas to be treated is cooled and dehumidified by the second heat exchanger 105, and then heated by the third heat exchanger 106. After the second heat exchanger 105 produces frost, the second heat exchanger is switched to the auxiliary dehumidification cycle through the first four-way valve 103, as shown in fig. 2; the auxiliary dehumidification cycle is that the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 is divided into two paths, one path of the gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with fluid through the third heat exchanger 106, the refrigerant condenses to heat the fluid and then passes through the bypass valve 110, the other path of the gaseous refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 105 through the first four-way valve 103, the refrigerant condenses to exchange heat with the fluid, the fluid is heated and then converges with the refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve 110, the heated fluid enters the first heat exchanger 104 through the main throttle valve 102 to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant evaporates and then returns to the inlet of the compressor 101 through the first four-way valve 103; when defrosting of the second heat exchanger 105 is completed, the main dehumidification cycle is switched back.
In the system 200 shown in fig. 4, a second four-way valve 201 and a first switch valve 202 are added to a refrigerant pipeline between an inlet and an outlet of the compressor 101 and the first four-way valve 103 on the system shown in fig. 1, wherein three interfaces 23 and 24 of the second four-way valve 201 are respectively connected to the inlet and the outlet of the compressor 101, a first interface 21 of the second four-way valve is connected to one end of the first heat exchanger, where the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger is connected to the second interface 12 of the first four-way valve 103, through the first switch valve 202, and a second interface 22 of the second four-way valve is connected to a first interface of the first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger instead of the third interface of the first four-way valve 103, that is, the fourth interface 14 of the first four-way valve 103 is only connected to the inlet of the compressor and the fourth interface of the second four-way valve.
When the second four-way valve 22 and the fourth four-way valve 24 are connected and the first port 21 and the third port 23 are connected, the heating mode is a heating mode, the main heating mode 200A, as shown in fig. 5, and the auxiliary heating mode 200B, as shown in fig. 6, the first switching valve 202 of the main heating mode is opened and the first switching valve 202 of the auxiliary heating mode is closed by switching the first four-way valve 103.
When the second and third ports 22 and 23 of the second four-way valve are communicated, the first and fourth ports 21 and 24 are communicated, and the first switch valve 202 is opened, the first refrigeration mode 200C is shown in fig. 7, that is, a gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 passes through the second four-way valve 201 and the first four-way valve 103, then enters the first heat exchanger 104 to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is condensed, then passes through the main throttle valve 102, and then is divided into two paths, one path enters the second heat exchanger 105 to exchange heat with a fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid is cooled, the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor 101 through the first four-way valve 103, the other path enters the third heat exchanger 106 through the bypass valve 110 to exchange heat with the fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid is cooled, and finally returns to the inlet of the compressor 101 through the second four-way valve 201.
The first four-way valve 103 and the second four-way valve 201 can be replaced by a combination of a plurality of one-way valves or a combination of a plurality of two-way valves.
In the system 300 shown in fig. 8, a second on-off valve 301 is added to the system shown in fig. 1 and is installed on a refrigerant pipeline connecting an outlet of the compressor 101 and a first fluid channel interface of the third heat exchanger. The heating mode, the second cooling mode, and the dehumidification mode may be simultaneously implemented. The refrigerant flow passing through the third heat exchanger 106 can be adjusted by the second switch valve 301 during the heating mode, and the refrigerant flow passing through the third heat exchanger 106 is closed during the second refrigeration mode, and the refrigerant does not pass through the third heat exchanger 106, and the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 101 enters the first heat exchanger 104 through the first four-way valve 103 to be condensed, then passes through the main throttle valve 102, and then passes through the second heat exchanger 105, and the refrigerant is evaporated, and the fluid is cooled.
The difference between the system 1001 of fig. 9 and fig. 1 is that the fluid to be treated is introduced into the second heat exchanger 105A and the third heat exchanger 106A in parallel, and the fluid to be treated (water in the figure) exchanges heat with the refrigerant (freon) to heat the fluid to be treated. The system of fig. 9 can also realize the main heating cycle and the auxiliary heating cycle as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, thereby realizing defrosting.
The system 2001 of fig. 11 differs from the system of fig. 4 in that the second heat exchanger 105A and the third heat exchanger 106A are heat exchangers of liquid and refrigerant (freon) for heating or cooling a liquid such as water.
The system of fig. 11 can also realize the main heating cycle and the auxiliary heating cycle as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6 so as to realize defrosting, and can also realize refrigeration as shown in fig. 7.
The system of fig. 9 is different from the system of fig. 11 in that the former has only a heating function, and the latter has a cooling and heating function, and can simultaneously heat and cool to realize heat recovery.
The system 2001 of fig. 10 adds a terminal to the system of fig. 4, the terminal including the auxiliary throttle valve 109, the bypass valve 110, the second heat exchanger 105, the third heat exchanger 106, or more, representing a multi-split system.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should all embodiments be exhaustive. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An air-cooled heat pump system based on three devices is characterized by comprising a compressor, a main throttle valve, an auxiliary throttle valve, a bypass valve, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a first four-way valve and a fan, wherein the inlet of the compressor is connected with one interface of the four-way valve, the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with a four interface of the four-way valve and one interface of a first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger, the other interface of the first fluid channel of the third heat exchanger is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the auxiliary throttle valve and the bypass valve, the other interfaces of the auxiliary throttle valve and the bypass valve are respectively connected with the first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger and the main throttle valve, the other interface of the main throttle valve is connected with one interface of the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger, the other interface of the first fluid channel of the first heat exchanger is connected with a second interface of the four-way valve, and the other interface of the first fluid channel of the second heat exchanger is connected with a third interface of the four-way valve to form a refrigerant circulating pipeline; the fan is arranged at the upstream or the downstream of the second fluid channel of the first heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger realizes heat exchange between a refrigerant and air, the second fluid channels of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are filled with fluid to be treated, the fluid to be treated is gas or liquid, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively realize heat exchange between the refrigerant and the gas or the liquid, or simultaneously realize heat exchange between the refrigerant and the gas and the liquid, or one of the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the gas and the other heat exchange between the refrigerant and the liquid; the system includes two heating cycles:
the main heating cycle, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths, one path of the gaseous refrigerant passes through the third heat exchanger to exchange heat with the fluid to be processed, the refrigerant is condensed to heat the fluid to be processed, and then passes through the bypass valve, the other path of the gaseous refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger through the first four-way valve, the refrigerant is condensed to exchange heat with the fluid to be processed, the fluid to be processed is heated, then the heated fluid and the refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve are converged, enter the first heat exchanger through the main throttle valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is evaporated, and then the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize the cycle;
the auxiliary heating circulation is that a part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor exchanges heat with fluid through a third heat exchanger, the refrigerant is condensed, the fluid is heated, the refrigerant enters a second heat exchanger through an auxiliary throttle valve, at the moment, a bypass valve is closed, meanwhile, the other part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters a first heat exchanger through a first four-way valve, the refrigerant is condensed and defrosted to the first heat exchanger, the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger through a main throttle valve, the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize circulation;
realize the switching of main heating cycle and supplementary heating cycle through first cross valve: when the first heat exchanger produces frost, switching to the auxiliary heating cycle, and when the first heat exchanger finishes defrosting, switching back to the main heating cycle;
the fluid to be treated is gas, the system is used for dehumidifying the gas, wherein the gas firstly passes through the second heat exchanger and then passes through the third heat exchanger, and the system comprises two dehumidification cycles, which specifically comprises:
the main dehumidification cycle is that a part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor exchanges heat with gas through a third heat exchanger, the refrigerant is condensed, the gas is heated, the refrigerant enters a second heat exchanger through an auxiliary throttle valve, at the moment, a bypass valve is closed, the other part of gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters a first heat exchanger through a four-way valve to exchange heat with ambient air, the refrigerant is condensed, then enters the second heat exchanger through a main throttle valve, the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger is evaporated, the gas is cooled, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through a first four-way valve, so that the refrigerant circulation is realized;
the auxiliary dehumidification cycle is adopted, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths, one path of the gaseous refrigerant passes through the third heat exchanger to exchange heat with fluid, the refrigerant condenses and heats the fluid, and then passes through the bypass valve, the other path of the gaseous refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger through the first four-way valve, the refrigerant condenses and exchanges heat with the fluid, the fluid is heated, then the fluid is converged with the refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve, enters the first heat exchanger through the main throttle valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is evaporated, and then the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve, so that the refrigerant cycle is realized;
realize the switching of main dehumidification circulation and supplementary dehumidification circulation through first cross valve: when the second heat exchanger produces frost, switching to auxiliary dehumidification circulation; and after defrosting of the second heat exchanger is finished, switching back to the main dehumidification cycle.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second four-way valve and a first switch valve, wherein a third port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connecting an inlet of the compressor with a second port of the first four-way valve, a fourth port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connecting an inlet of the compressor with a fourth port of the first four-way valve, a first port of the second four-way valve is connected to the first fluid passage of the first heat exchanger through the switch valve, and the second port of the second four-way valve is connected to a first port of the first fluid passage of the third heat exchanger instead of the third port of the first four-way valve;
when the second and fourth interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated and the first and third interfaces are communicated, a heating mode is adopted, the main heating cycle and the auxiliary heating cycle are switched by the first four-way valve, wherein the first switch valve is opened during the main heating cycle, and the first switch valve is closed during the auxiliary heating cycle; when the second and third interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated, the first and fourth interfaces are communicated and the first switch valve is opened, the first refrigeration mode is adopted, and the refrigerant cycle specifically comprises the following steps: gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the second four-way valve and the first four-way valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is condensed and then is divided into two paths after passing through the throttle valve, one path of the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, fluid to be processed is cooled, the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve, the other path of the refrigerant enters the third heat exchanger through the bypass valve to exchange heat with the fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled, and finally the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the second four-way valve to realize circulation;
or the system also comprises a second switch valve which is arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the compressor and the third heat exchanger and is used for adjusting the flow of the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor and led into the third heat exchanger; wherein realize the switching of heating mode and second refrigeration mode through controlling the second ooff valve, specifically do: when the second switch valve is opened, a heating mode is adopted, and during dehumidification circulation, the flow of the refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger can be adjusted through the valve 301; the second switch valve is in a second refrigeration mode when completely closed, the refrigerant does not pass through the third heat exchanger, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the first four-way valve to be condensed, then enters the second heat exchanger through the main throttle valve, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled to realize refrigeration, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize circulation.
3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second four-way valve and a first switch valve, wherein a third port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connecting an inlet of the compressor with a second port of the first four-way valve, a fourth port of the second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant pipeline connecting an inlet of the compressor with a fourth port of the first four-way valve, a first port of the second four-way valve is connected to the first fluid passage of the first heat exchanger through the switch valve, and the second port of the second four-way valve is connected to a first port of the first fluid passage of the third heat exchanger instead of the third port of the first four-way valve;
when the second and fourth interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated and the first and third interfaces are communicated, the second four-way valve is in a heating mode/dehumidification mode, the main heating cycle and the auxiliary heating cycle as well as the main dehumidification cycle and the auxiliary dehumidification cycle are switched by the first four-way valve, wherein the first switch valve is opened during the main heating cycle or the auxiliary dehumidification cycle, and the first switch valve is closed during the auxiliary heating cycle or the main dehumidification cycle; when the second and third interfaces of the second four-way valve are communicated, the first and fourth interfaces are communicated and the first switch valve is opened, the first refrigeration mode is adopted, and the refrigerant cycle specifically comprises the following steps: gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the second four-way valve and the first four-way valve to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant is condensed and then is divided into two paths after passing through the throttle valve, one path of the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, fluid to be processed is cooled, the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve, the other path of the refrigerant enters the third heat exchanger through the bypass valve to exchange heat with the fluid, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled, and finally the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the second four-way valve to realize circulation;
or the system also comprises a second switch valve which is arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the compressor and the third heat exchanger and is used for adjusting the flow of the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor and led into the third heat exchanger; wherein realize the switching of heating mode and second refrigeration mode through controlling the second ooff valve, specifically do: when the second switch valve is opened, a heating mode is adopted, and during dehumidification circulation, the flow of refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger can be adjusted through the valve 301; the second switch valve is in a second refrigeration mode when completely closed, the refrigerant does not pass through the third heat exchanger, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor enters the first heat exchanger through the first four-way valve to be condensed, then enters the second heat exchanger through the main throttle valve, the refrigerant is evaporated, the fluid to be processed is cooled to realize refrigeration, and the evaporated refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor through the first four-way valve to realize circulation.
4. The system according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are fed with different fluids, so that both the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger can be used for heating or cooling, or the second heat exchanger can be used for cooling, and the third heat exchanger can be used for heating, or the third heat exchanger can be used for cooling, and the second heat exchanger can be used for heating.
5. The system according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the fluid to be treated is passed into the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger in series, in parallel or in a series-parallel connection, wherein the two fluids to be treated in parallel can be different fluids or the same fluid.
6. A system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are combined into a single heat exchanger.
7. A system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the system comprises a plurality of air handling terminals comprising a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, an auxiliary throttle valve and a bypass valve connected together, wherein one connection of the first fluid path of the second heat exchanger of each air handling terminal is connected to the third connection of the first four-way valve, the other connection of the first fluid path of the second heat exchanger and the auxiliary throttle valve are connected to the main throttle valve, one connection of the first fluid path of the third heat exchanger is connected to the fourth connection of the first four-way valve and the compressor outlet, and the fluid to be treated introduced into the second fluid paths of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger is air.
8. The system of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the fluid to be treated is water, the second and third heat exchangers are freon/water heat exchangers, and the system is an air-cooled heat pump water heater; the fluid is cold water from a water supply source or circulating water from a heat storage hot water tank of a water heater.
9. A defrosting method of an air-cooled heat pump system based on three devices is characterized in that the heat pump system adopts refrigerant compression circulation and comprises three heat exchangers, the first heat exchanger is a refrigerant/ambient air heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are both refrigerant and to-be-treated fluid heat exchangers, and the defrosting method of the heat pump system when the to-be-treated fluid is heated is as follows:
the function conversion of the three heat exchangers is realized through refrigerant reversing so as to defrost, the refrigerant flow direction specifically comprises a main heating cycle and an auxiliary heating cycle, the main heating cycle is adopted, the compressed refrigerant is firstly introduced into a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are used as condensers, and the processed fluid is heated through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger; the refrigerant coming out of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger passes through the throttle valve and then enters the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator at the moment, the ambient air passes through the evaporator, and the refrigerant takes heat from the ambient air; after the first heat exchanger frosts, the first heat exchanger is converted into auxiliary heating circulation to defrost the first heat exchanger through refrigerant reversing, namely, compressed refrigerant is firstly introduced into the first heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is changed into a condenser, the refrigerant is defrosted by utilizing the condensation heat of the refrigerant, and the third heat exchanger is still a condenser and heats fluid to be processed; the refrigerant coming out of the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger enters a second heat exchanger after passing through a throttle valve, the second heat exchanger becomes an evaporator for cooling the fluid to be processed, and after the first heat exchanger finishes defrosting, the heat pump system is switched back to the main heating cycle through refrigerant reversing;
the defrosting method during dehumidification of the heat pump system comprises the following steps: the defrosting method comprises the steps that function conversion of three heat exchangers is achieved through refrigerant reversing, defrosting is achieved, the refrigerant flow direction specifically comprises a main dehumidification cycle and an auxiliary dehumidification cycle, the main dehumidification cycle is achieved, compressed refrigerants are firstly introduced into a first heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger serve as condensers to heat ambient air and fluid to be processed, the refrigerants coming out of the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger enter a second heat exchanger after passing through a throttling valve, the second heat exchanger serves as an evaporator, the fluid to be processed is cooled, the fluid to be processed is gas and sequentially passes through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, the absolute moisture content of the gas is reduced, and the gas is reheated; after the second heat exchanger frosts, the second heat exchanger is defrosted by changing the refrigerant into an auxiliary dehumidification cycle, namely, the compressed refrigerant is firstly introduced into the second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger is changed into a condenser, the refrigerant is defrosted by utilizing condensation heat, the third heat exchanger is still the condenser, the fluid to be processed, namely gas, is heated by the second heat exchanger, the refrigerant coming out of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger passes through a throttle valve and then enters the first heat exchanger, and at the moment, the first heat exchanger is changed into an evaporator, and the ambient air is heated; and after defrosting is finished by the second heat exchanger, the fluid to be treated is switched back to the auxiliary dehumidification cycle through refrigerant reversing.
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Application publication date: 20210806 Assignee: Hanshou County Xinmeijia Decoration Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Hunan Yali Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980036970 Denomination of invention: A Heat Pump System Based on Three Units and Its Defrosting Method Granted publication date: 20220920 License type: Common License Record date: 20230627 |
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