CN113217032A - Multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction and tunnel construction method - Google Patents
Multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction and tunnel construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113217032A CN113217032A CN202110601690.6A CN202110601690A CN113217032A CN 113217032 A CN113217032 A CN 113217032A CN 202110601690 A CN202110601690 A CN 202110601690A CN 113217032 A CN113217032 A CN 113217032A
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- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction, which comprises a movable trolley, a plurality of first telescopic mechanisms, side templates and two sub-top templates, wherein the first telescopic mechanisms and the side templates are fixed on the trolley; the dolly is including the bed-jig that is located the head, and the bed-jig is including locating first support body on the dolly and locating a plurality of spaced operation stations on the first support body. The template for concrete pouring adopts a movable trolley structure, and can be fixed on the inner side of a tied steel reinforcement framework through the movement of the trolley and the action of a telescopic mechanism; after pouring is completed, the template can be retracted through the telescopic mechanism to move along with the trolley, the template does not need to be frequently disassembled and assembled, and construction efficiency is improved. Constructors can also utilize the moulding bed in front of the trolley to carry out construction before pouring on the rear section area in the process of pouring the front section pouring area, so that the construction efficiency can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction and a tunnel construction method.
Background
With the deep development of the integration of economic globalization and regional economy, the spatial organization modes of urbanization, urban and rural economic connection and industry in coastal areas of China all have a series of brand new characteristics. The range of the built-up area of the central city is rapidly expanded, the spatial diffusion trend of various economic factors is gradually obvious, and the whole area is modernized to become the direction of future urbanization development of coastal areas. The method has important significance for relieving traffic jam and promoting the construction of the tunnel under the urban road to improve the land utilization rate and expand the urban survival development space.
At present, three major building technologies of a tunnel are divided into open excavation, underground excavation and shallow buried underground excavation, a coastal reclamation area is usually provided with a coastal reclamation area formed by artificial reclamation, most of the coastal reclamation area is silty soil geology, the construction difficulty of tunnel penetrating under an urban road is high, and under the complex geological conditions, the tunneling is unstable, and the ground buried depth is shallow and stable soil pressure is difficult to form.
The open cut method is a common construction method, is simple in process, easy to control construction quality and plays a large role in tunnel construction technology. The open-cut tunnel is a construction method which comprises the steps of firstly excavating rock bodies at the tunnel part by adopting an open-cut foundation pit mode, carrying out foundation pit protection, then excavating the foundation pit, treating a foundation, constructing a main structure of the open-cut tunnel, carrying out waterproof construction, and finally backfilling rock soil. The open-cut tunnel has the advantage that tunnels with other methods are irreplaceable, the coastal reclamation area is more suitable for open-cut methods, and in addition, the construction cost of the open-cut tunnel is lower than the construction cost of the underground excavation method and the shallow-buried underground excavation method.
In the construction process of the main structure of the open-cut tunnel, constructors can construct the main structure in the excavated foundation pit from front to back. The process of major structure construction is more, generally can include waterproof engineering, steel bar engineering, formwork support engineering, concrete engineering etc. at first need arrange the formwork support in the foundation ditch, with the top of template fixed to the support to this inside wall that forms the tunnel, at last refabrication roof (apron), perhaps utilize the disposable preparation of template to accomplish lateral wall and roof. The existing formwork support is often fixed to the bottom of a tunnel by a self-made wooden or steel support, the formwork filling and formwork removing processes before and after concrete pouring are complex, the construction efficiency is low, the formwork is difficult to recycle, and the cost of concrete engineering is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction and the tunnel construction method, which can assist in carrying out multiple works of main structure construction in an excavated foundation pit, and at least can be used as a jig frame of a steel bar project and a template support of a template support project, so that the template is multipurpose, the template does not need to be frequently disassembled and assembled, the construction efficiency is improved, the template can be repeatedly used, and the construction cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction comprises a trolley capable of moving along the length direction of a foundation pit, a plurality of first telescopic mechanisms, a pair of side templates and a top template, wherein the bottom end of the first telescopic mechanisms is fixed on the two sides of the width and the top of the trolley; the trolley comprises a jig frame, the jig frame is close to the upstream end of the advancing direction of the trolley relative to the side die plates and the top die plate, the jig frame comprises a first frame body arranged on the trolley and a plurality of operation stations arranged at intervals and arranged on the outer side surface and the top of the first frame body, and the operation stations are used for workers to stand for the working procedures before concrete pouring.
As one embodiment, the jig frame further comprises a second telescopic mechanism, and the second telescopic mechanism is supported between the top of the first frame body and the trolley and is used for changing the height of the jig frame in the telescopic process.
As one embodiment, the first frame body comprises an upper frame body and a lower frame body which are spaced from each other up and down, and the operating station is arranged on the upper frame body and/or the lower frame body in a protruding mode towards the outer side.
As one of the implementation manners, the first frame further includes a guide portion extending from the lower frame toward the upper frame, a guide hole is formed in an end surface of the upper frame, and the guide portion slides in the guide hole in the process of extending and retracting of the second telescoping mechanism.
As one implementation mode, a first avoiding groove is formed in the end face, facing the jig frame, of each side formwork, and the first avoiding groove is close to the top formwork and extends in the direction away from the jig frame.
As an embodiment, during the extension and retraction of the second extension and retraction mechanism, the height of the top surface of the jig frame includes a first height higher than the first avoiding groove and a second height lower than the first avoiding groove.
As one embodiment, the trolley further comprises a storage rack, wherein the storage rack is closer to the downstream end of the trolley in the advancing direction relative to the side die plates and the top die plate, and the storage rack comprises a second rack body arranged on the trolley, a storage platform arranged on the second rack body and a ladder stand connected with the bottom of the trolley and the storage platform.
As one embodiment, the jig frame is composed of a left sub jig frame and a right sub jig frame which are spaced, and each sub jig frame comprises a first frame body and a plurality of operating stations which are arranged at intervals; the dolly includes two independent sub-platform trucks of arranging about its width direction, and every sub-platform truck all includes about the running gear who sets up in pairs, fixes in a plurality of telescopic machanisms at the outside of sub-platform truck and top, locates one in the outside of sub-platform truck the side form board, locate one of sub-platform truck top sub-top form board and one sub-bed-jig.
As one embodiment, a second avoiding groove is formed in the end surface, facing the jig frame, of each sub-top template, and the second avoiding groove is close to the top template and extends in a direction away from the jig frame; and the operation station at the top of the sub-jig frame is provided with a long and narrow hole which divides the sub-jig frame into a left part and a right part, and the long and narrow hole extends to a position at least partially below the sub-top template.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel construction method, including:
open excavation of a foundation pit;
protecting a foundation pit;
the tunnel major structure construction adopts the supplementary muscle of pricking of the supplementary concrete of pouring of multi-functional portable template of foretell open cut tunnel construction usefulness, includes:
and (3) binding the ribs: a jig frame of the trolley enters a construction area before a side template and a top template, and workers stand on each operation station of the jig frame to finish binding of a steel reinforcement framework;
fixing the template: the side die plate and the top die plate are folded through the work of the first telescopic mechanism, and the trolley is moved forwards, so that the side die plate and the top die plate are moved to the position right below the reinforced area; the side templates and the top template are unfolded and positioned at preset positions on the inner side of the steel reinforcement framework through the work of a first telescopic mechanism; fixing the upper template and the end template to form a closed pouring space by the template; meanwhile, binding the next section of reinforcement cage by using a jig frame at the front end of the trolley;
pouring concrete: pouring concrete into the pouring space, and removing the mold after the concrete is formed;
repeating the process until the main structure construction of the whole tunnel is completed;
and backfilling rock soil above the main structure of the tunnel.
The template for concrete pouring in tunnel construction is in a movable trolley structure, and the side templates and the top template are telescopically fixed with the trolley, so that the template can be fixed on the side of a tied steel bar framework through the movement of the trolley and the action of the telescopic mechanism; after pouring, the template can be packed up through the secondary action of telescopic machanism, can pour the position with the dolly removal to next section, and the template can need not frequent dismouting, has improved the efficiency of construction, realizes using repeatedly. In addition, as the front end of the trolley is also provided with the special jig frame, in the process that a part of constructors pour the pouring area corresponding to the template, other constructors can also perform each construction procedure before concrete pouring, such as the installation of tie bars, waterproof plates, water stops and the like, by standing on the operation stations on the jig frame, so that the construction efficiency can be obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a usage status of a multi-function movable stencil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the jig frame side of the multi-function movable template of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is another perspective view of the jig frame side of the multi-function portable template of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an end view of the carcass side of the multi-function portable template of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an end view of the stand side of the multi-function movable template of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a multi-function portable template according to an embodiment of the present invention in use;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single-sided structure of a multi-function movable form according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a multi-functional movable form of an embodiment of the present invention in a use state after entering a pouring position;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of another use state of the multifunctional movable formwork after entering the pouring position according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, the terms "disposed", "provided" and "connected" are to be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multifunctional movable formwork for open cut tunnel construction, including a trolley 10 capable of moving along a length direction of a foundation pit, a plurality of first telescopic mechanisms 20 whose bottom ends are fixed at two sides and top of the width of the trolley 10, a pair of side formworks 30 respectively disposed at two sides of the width of the trolley 10, and a top formwork 40 disposed above the trolley 10, wherein the top formwork 40 is composed of two sub top formworks.
Each sub-top template is rotatably connected with one side template 30, the top ends of the first telescopic mechanisms 20 on the two sides of the width of the trolley 10 are hinged with the corresponding side templates 30 so as to change the close state of the side templates 30 and the inner side of the side part of the tied steel bar framework, and the top end of the first telescopic mechanism 20 on the top of the trolley 10 is hinged with the corresponding sub-top template so as to change the close state of the top template 40 and the inner side of the top of the tied steel bar framework. Here, the top form 40 is composed of two sub top forms, so that the sub top forms and the side forms 30 can relatively move to a larger extent during the relative rotation of the sub top forms and the side forms, thereby better realizing the folding of the top forms 40 and the side forms 30.
Here, the "width" refers to the length direction of the top die plate 40 (the left-right direction shown in fig. 6), the front-back direction refers to the moving direction of the cart (the up-down direction shown in fig. 6), the "front" or "head end" or "upstream" refers to the front end in the moving direction of the cart, and the "rear" or "tail end" or "downstream" refers to the rear end in the moving direction of the cart.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the cart 10 of the present embodiment includes a jig frame 100, the jig frame 100 is located at an upstream end of the cart 10 in a forward direction with respect to the side forms 30 and the top form 40, and includes a first frame body 101 disposed on the cart 10 and a plurality of spaced apart operation stations 102 disposed on an outer side surface and a top portion of the first frame body 101, and the operation stations 102 may be operation platforms or operation baskets for workers to stand for a process before concrete pouring, such as installing a tie bar and a waterproof plate, a water stop, and the like. Because the jig frame 100 is located at the upstream end of the advancing direction of the trolley 10, in the process of pouring the pouring area corresponding to the formwork by some constructors, other constructors can perform the installation procedures of the tie bars, the waterproof plates, the water stop belts and the like before concrete pouring by standing on the operation station on the jig frame, so that the tie bars are poured while the construction efficiency is obviously improved, and special trolleys are not needed to be used for tying the tie bars and installing the structures such as the waterproof plates, the water stop belts and the like. Therefore, the multifunctional movable formwork of the embodiment can be used as a lining trolley in formwork support engineering and concrete engineering, can be used as a support and a formwork for concrete pouring, and can form a whole set of pouring formwork only by being matched with the end formwork and the external formwork; on the other hand, the steel bar binding jig can be used as a jig frame for installing tie bars, waterproof plates, water stop belts and the like before a concrete engineering, and constructors can bind the steel bar framework of concrete and install the water stop belts at different parts of the jig frame, so that multiple functions are realized.
Preferably, the side formworks 30 and the top formwork 40 are both composed of a plurality of sections of daughter boards, each two sections of adjacent daughter boards of the side formworks 30 are hinged to each other through a hinge structure (not shown), the top formwork 40 is hinged to the side formworks 30 through a hinge structure, the daughter boards of the top formwork 40 are hinged to each other, the top end of each first telescopic mechanism 20 is hinged to different parts of the side formworks 30 and the top formwork 40, and the bottom of each first telescopic mechanism 20 is hinged to the trolley 10. In the embodiment, each sub top formwork of the side formworks 30 and the top formwork 40 is composed of two sections of daughter boards, the daughter boards of each side formwork 30 are hinged to each other, the side formworks are hinged to the top formwork 40, and the daughter boards of each sub top formwork are hinged to each other, and the first telescopic mechanism 20 can be hinged to each daughter board and each hinge, so that the shapes of the side formworks 30 and the top formwork 40 can be changed more easily. In the embodiment shown, a first telescoping mechanism 20 is connected to each hinge, and a first telescoping mechanism 20 is connected to each of the free ends (bottom ends) of the side formworks 30 and the free ends of the sub-top formworks.
The cart 10 is formed to include longitudinal supports extending in the moving direction, a cross member laterally connecting adjacent longitudinal supports, and rollers fixed to the bottoms of the longitudinal supports. Guide rail R and gyro wheel cooperation can adopt the track of sleeper formula, only need set up shorter one section, pours the completion when a certain section of pouring, then can demolish the guide rail before should pouring the section earlier, and the concatenation only should pour the section after, then can follow new guide rail travelling car, so, can further save the cost and conveniently demolish.
When the trolley moves towards the concrete to-be-poured section with the steel reinforcement framework tied, as shown in fig. 7, the first telescopic mechanisms 20 are controlled to act, so that the shapes of the side templates 30 and the top template 40 are folded, and the side templates 30 and the top template 40 cannot interfere with the steel reinforcement framework tied in front, at the moment, the side templates 30 and the top template 40 can be directly opposite to the inner side of the steel reinforcement framework by moving the trolley, when the external templates corresponding to the side templates 30 and the top template 40 are covered outside the steel reinforcement framework, the end templates are fixed at the end parts of the side templates 30, the top template 40 and the external template, the steel reinforcement framework is enclosed and sealed by the templates, and concrete can be poured into a space surrounded by the templates through a pouring inlet; when the multifunctional movable formwork needs to be moved after concrete pouring is finished, all that is needed is to start each first telescopic mechanism 20 firstly to enable the side formworks 30 and the top formwork 40 to be deformed and folded without contacting with a concrete structure, then the trolley 10 can be moved back and forth to drive the formworks to move to the next concrete section to be poured, and the process is repeated until the concrete structure engineering of the whole tunnel is finished.
As shown in fig. 3, considering that there may be a partial lateral temporary supporting structure, i.e., a cross brace X, in the actual foundation pit, the cross brace X is fixed to the top of the foundation pit on both sides across the width direction of the foundation pit, and the cross brace X can be removed only after the concrete is poured on the portion where the cross brace X is located, which may result in that the multifunctional mobile formwork cannot pass through the cross brace X and the portion having the cross brace X cannot be poured with concrete. In view of this, the end surface of each side template 30 facing the jig frame 100 of the present embodiment is provided with a first avoiding groove 300, the first avoiding groove 300 is close to the top template 40 and extends in a direction away from the jig frame 100, and the height of the first avoiding groove 300 exactly corresponds to the height of the cross brace X. Like this, when dolly 10 drives template 40 towards the in-process that has the concrete section of waiting to pour of stull X and remove, first keep away position groove 300 can supply stull X embedding to can carry out concrete placement to stull X position. In some embodiments, there may be a plurality of first clearance grooves 300 on each sideform 30, and the first clearance grooves 300 are spaced apart in the height direction of the sideform 30 to allow the wales X of different heights to be inserted therein.
As shown in fig. 2, 8 and 9, the jig 100 of the present embodiment further includes a second telescoping mechanism 103, and the second telescoping mechanism 103 is vertically supported between the top of the first frame body 101 and the cart 10 for changing the height of the jig 100 during telescoping. During the extension and retraction of the second extension and retraction mechanism 103, the height of the top surface of the jig frame 100 includes a first height higher than the first avoiding groove 300 and a second height lower than the first avoiding groove 300. For example, when the jig 100 is too high to move the cart towards the cross brace X, the second telescoping mechanism 103 may be controlled to change the height of the jig 100, so that the cross brace X passes over the jig 100 and then raises the jig 100.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first frame 101 may specifically include an upper frame 101a and a lower frame 101b spaced apart from each other, the upper frame 101a is supported on the lower frame 101b by a second telescopic mechanism 103, and the upper frame 101a and/or the lower frame 101b are/is provided with an operating station 102 protruding outward. When the second telescoping mechanism 103 changes the height of the jig frame 100, the height of the partial operation station 102 also changes.
As shown in fig. 1, the cart 10 further includes a rack 110, and the rack 110 is located at a downstream end of the cart 10 in the advancing direction relative to the side mold plates 30 and the top mold plate 40, and includes a second rack 111 provided on the cart 10, a stand 112 provided on the second rack 111, and a ladder 113 connecting the bottom of the cart 10 and the stand 112. Supporter 110 has platform and the rail that prevents people or object and drop, and the platform bottom can the trompil, with 113 intercommunications of cat ladder to make constructor can enter into platform through cat ladder 113. The placement platform can be used for placing materials or tools in the pouring process or other objects, such as end templates which need to be installed before concrete pouring or detached after the concrete pouring is finished. The rack 110 is different from the jig 100, is located at the downstream side of the form, and has a height not higher than the inner surface of the steel reinforcement cage after the reinforcement is tied, and thus can be made to have a fixed height. And the end of the jig frame 100 facing the article placing shelf 110 can be arranged to be in sliding connection with the bearing platform 11 of the first telescopic mechanism 20 for fixing the top on the trolley 10, that is, the jig frame 100 is limited transversely by the bearing platform 11 and can slide longitudinally relative to the bearing platform 11.
Considering that some foundation pits may have longitudinal supporting structures, namely vertical braces Y, the vertical braces Y cross the vertical direction of the foundation pit and are fixed at the bottom and the top of the foundation pit near the two sides, and the vertical braces Y can be removed only after concrete is poured at the positions of the vertical braces Y, so that the multifunctional movable formwork cannot pass through the vertical braces Y and cannot pour concrete at the positions with the vertical braces Y. In view of such consideration, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the end surface of each sub-top form facing the jig 100 is provided with a second avoiding groove 400, and the second avoiding groove 400 is close to the top form 40 and extends in a direction away from the jig 100. The operation station 102 at the top of the sub-jig frame is provided with a slot 102a which divides the operation station into a left part and a right part, and the slot 102a extends to be at least partially positioned below the sub-top template. For example, the orthographic projection of the second avoiding groove 400 partially coincides with the slot 102a, or is parallel to the slot 102 a. When the trolley passes through the vertical support Y, the lower part of the vertical support Y passes through the hollow space of the jig frame 100, the upper part of the vertical support Y enters along the long and narrow hole 102a of the jig frame 100, and finally the vertical support Y can enter the second avoiding groove 400, so that the vertical support Y enters the top formwork 40, concrete can be poured on the section where the vertical support Y is located, after the pouring is finished, the vertical support Y can be detached after the concrete is formed, and the trolley is moved forward.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the jig 100 of the present embodiment is composed of a left sub jig and a right sub jig which are spaced from each other, each sub jig includes a first frame 101 and a plurality of spaced operation stations 102, the cart 10 includes two independent sub trolleys which are arranged along the width direction of the cart, each sub trolley includes a left walking mechanism and a right walking mechanism which are arranged in pairs, a plurality of first telescopic mechanisms 20 which are fixed on the outer side and the top of the sub trolley, a side form 30 which is arranged on the outer side of the sub trolley, a sub top form which is arranged above the sub trolley, and a sub jig.
The multifunctional movable template is made into the left and right trolley halves, so that the two trolley halves can move back and forth respectively, and therefore, when a large vehicle needs to pass through, one trolley half can be moved away temporarily, and congestion is avoided.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a tunnel construction method adopting the multifunctional movable template, which comprises the following steps:
(1) open excavation of a foundation pit;
(2) protecting a foundation pit;
(2) the tunnel major structure construction adopts the supplementary muscle of pricking of the supplementary concrete of pouring of multi-functional portable template of foretell open cut tunnel construction usefulness, includes:
and (3) binding the ribs: the jig frame 100 of the trolley 10 firstly enters a construction area from the side templates 30 and the top template 40, and workers stand on each operation station 102 of the jig frame 100 to complete binding of the steel reinforcement framework;
fixing the template: the side templates 30 and the top template 40 are folded by the operation of the first telescopic mechanism 20, and the trolley 10 is moved forwards, so that the side templates 30 and the top template 40 are moved to the position right below the reinforced area; the side templates 30 and the top template 40 are unfolded and positioned at the preset positions on the inner side of the steel reinforcement framework through the operation of the first telescopic mechanism 20; fixing the upper template and the end template to form a closed pouring space by the template; meanwhile, the bed jig 100 at the front end of the trolley 10 is used for binding the next section of the steel reinforcement framework;
pouring concrete: pouring concrete into the pouring space, and removing the mold after the concrete is formed;
repeating the process until the main structure construction of the whole tunnel is completed;
(3) and backfilling rock soil above the main structure of the tunnel.
When the cross brace exists in the foundation pit, in the process of moving the trolley 10 forwards to enable the side template 30 and the top template 40 to move to the position right below the reinforced area, when the jig frame 100 is too high and the trolley cannot move towards the cross brace X continuously, the second telescopic mechanism 103 can be controlled to act to change the height of the jig frame 100, and the cross brace X passes through the position above the jig frame 100 and then lifts the jig frame 100. Subsequently, the trolley 10 drives the formwork 40 to move towards the concrete to-be-poured section with the cross brace X, and the cross brace X is required to be embedded into the first avoiding groove 300, so that concrete pouring can be performed on the position where the cross brace X is located. After the pouring is finished, the trolley can be moved continuously only by removing the cross brace X after the concrete is shaped.
When the vertical support exists in the foundation pit, in the process of moving the trolley 10 forwards to enable the side templates 30 and the top template 40 to move to the position right below the reinforced area, when the trolley passes through the vertical support Y, the lower part of the vertical support Y passes through the hollow space of the jig frame 100, the upper part of the vertical support Y enters along the long and narrow hole 102a of the jig frame 100 and finally enters the second avoidance groove 400, so that the vertical support Y enters the top template 40, concrete can be poured into the section where the vertical support Y is located, after the concrete is poured, the vertical support Y can be detached, and the trolley is moved forwards continuously.
In addition, when a large vehicle needs to pass through, half of the trolleys can be temporarily moved away, and congestion is avoided.
The template for concrete pouring in tunnel construction is in a movable trolley structure, and the side templates and the top template are telescopically fixed with the trolley, so that the template can be fixed on the side of a tied steel bar framework through the movement of the trolley and the action of the telescopic mechanism; after pouring, the template can be packed up through the secondary action of telescopic machanism, can pour the position with the dolly removal to next section, and the template can need not frequent dismouting, has improved the efficiency of construction, realizes using repeatedly. In addition, as the front end of the trolley is also provided with the special jig frame, in the process that a part of constructors pour the pouring area corresponding to the template, other constructors can also perform each construction procedure before concrete pouring, such as the installation of tie bars, waterproof plates, water stops and the like, by standing on the operation stations on the jig frame, so that the construction efficiency can be obviously improved.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present application and it is noted that numerous modifications and adaptations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional portable template of open cut tunnel construction usefulness, its characterized in that, including dolly (10), the bottom mounting that can follow foundation ditch length direction and remove in the width both sides of dolly (10) and a plurality of first telescopic machanism (20) at top, locate respectively a pair of side form board (30) of the width both sides of dolly (10), locate top form (40) of dolly (10) top, top form (40) comprise two sub top forms, every sub top form with one side form board (30) rotationally are connected, the width both sides of dolly (10) the top of first telescopic machanism (20) articulate corresponding side form board (30) to change side form board (30) are pressed close to the inboard state of lateral part of the steel reinforcement skeleton with pricked, the top of dolly (10) the top of first telescopic machanism (20) articulates corresponding sub top form board, so as to change the close state of the top template (40) and the inner side of the top of the tied reinforcement cage; the trolley (10) comprises a jig frame (100), the jig frame (100) is closer to the upstream end of the advancing direction of the trolley (10) relative to the side formworks (30) and the top formwork (40), the jig frame comprises a first frame body (101) arranged on the trolley (10) and a plurality of operation stations (102) arranged on the outer side surface and the top of the first frame body (101) at intervals, and the operation stations (102) are used for workers to stand for the process before concrete pouring.
2. The multifunctional movable formwork for open trench tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein the jig frame (100) further comprises a second telescoping mechanism (103), the second telescoping mechanism (103) is supported between the top of the first frame body (101) and the trolley (10) for changing the height of the jig frame (100) during telescoping.
3. The multifunctional movable formwork for open-cut tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein the first frame body (101) comprises an upper frame body (101a) and a lower frame body (101b) which are spaced up and down, and the operating station (102) is arranged on the upper frame body (101a) and/or the lower frame body (101b) in a protruding mode towards the outer side.
4. The multifunctional movable formwork for open trench tunnel construction according to claim 3, wherein the first frame body (101) further comprises a guide portion (101c) extending from the lower frame body (101b) to the upper frame body (101a), a guide hole is formed in an end surface of the upper frame body (101a), and the guide portion (101c) slides in the guide hole during the extension and retraction of the second extension and retraction mechanism (103).
5. The multifunctional movable formwork for open-cut tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein a first avoiding groove (300) is formed in an end surface of each side formwork (30) facing the jig frame (100), and the first avoiding groove (300) is close to the top formwork (40) and extends in a direction away from the jig frame (100).
6. The multifunctional movable formwork for open trench tunnel construction according to claim 5, wherein during the extension and retraction of the second extension and retraction mechanism (103), the height of the top surface of the jig frame (100) comprises a first height higher than the first avoiding groove (300) and a second height lower than the first avoiding groove (300).
7. The multifunctional movable formwork for open trench tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein the trolley (10) further comprises a rack (110), the rack (110) is closer to the downstream end of the trolley (10) in the advancing direction relative to the side formworks (30) and the top formwork (40), and comprises a second rack body (111) arranged on the trolley (10), a placing table (112) arranged on the second rack body (111), and a ladder (113) connecting the bottom of the trolley (10) and the placing table (112).
8. The multifunctional movable formwork for open-cut tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the jig frame (100) consists of a left sub jig frame and a right sub jig frame which are spaced, and each sub jig frame comprises a first frame body (101) and a plurality of operating stations (102) which are arranged at intervals; dolly (10) are including controlling two independent sub-platform trucks of arranging along its width direction, and every sub-platform truck all includes about the running gear that sets up in pairs, fixes in a plurality of telescopic machanisms (20) at the outside and the top of sub-platform truck, locates one in the outside of sub-platform truck side form board (30), locate one of sub-platform truck top sub-cope match-plate pattern and one sub-bed-jig.
9. The multifunctional movable formwork for open-cut tunnel construction according to claim 8, wherein a second avoiding groove (400) is formed in the end surface of each sub-top formwork facing the jig frame (100), and the second avoiding groove (400) is close to the top formwork (40) and extends in a direction away from the jig frame (100); an operation station (102) at the top of the sub-jig frame is provided with a slot (102a) dividing the operation station into a left part and a right part, and the slot (102a) extends to be at least partially positioned below the sub-top template.
10. A tunnel construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
open excavation of a foundation pit;
protecting a foundation pit;
the tunnel main body structure construction, which adopts the multifunctional movable template auxiliary tie bar and concrete pouring for open cut tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprises:
and (3) binding the ribs: the jig frame (100) of the trolley (10) enters a construction area before the side template (30) and the top template (40), and workers stand on each operation station (102) of the jig frame (100) to complete binding of the steel reinforcement framework;
fixing the template: the side templates (30) and the top template (40) are folded by the operation of the first telescopic mechanism (20), the trolley (10) is moved forwards, and the side templates (30) and the top template (40) are moved to the position right below the ribbed area; the side templates (30) and the top template (40) are unfolded and positioned at preset positions on the inner side of the steel reinforcement framework through the operation of the first telescopic mechanism (20); fixing the upper template and the end template to form a closed pouring space by the template; meanwhile, binding the next section of the steel reinforcement framework by using a jig frame (100) at the front end of the trolley (10);
pouring concrete: pouring concrete into the pouring space, and removing the mold after the concrete is formed;
repeating the process until the main structure construction of the whole tunnel is completed;
and backfilling rock soil above the main structure of the tunnel.
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| CN202110601690.6A CN113217032A (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | Multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction and tunnel construction method |
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| CN202110601690.6A CN113217032A (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | Multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction and tunnel construction method |
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| CN113217032A true CN113217032A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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Cited By (1)
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