CN113217001A - Inclined shaft TBM tunneling system and method - Google Patents
Inclined shaft TBM tunneling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113217001A CN113217001A CN202110619133.7A CN202110619133A CN113217001A CN 113217001 A CN113217001 A CN 113217001A CN 202110619133 A CN202110619133 A CN 202110619133A CN 113217001 A CN113217001 A CN 113217001A
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0621—Shield advancing devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deviated well TBM tunneling system and a tunneling method. Inclined shaft TBM tunnelling system includes: the front shield is internally provided with a driving device, the front end of the front shield is provided with a cutter head, and the driving device is used for driving the cutter head to rotate; the front end of the support shield is inserted into the rear end of the front shield or sleeved at the rear end of the front shield, and a propulsion oil cylinder is arranged between the support shield and the front shield so as to realize that the front shield moves forwards relative to the support shield in the front-rear direction; the supporting shoe assembly is arranged in the supporting shield and cooperates with the propulsion oil cylinder to realize the step change of the inclined shaft TBM; the supporting assembly is arranged behind the supporting shield and comprises an arch frame and an arch frame anchor rod, the arch frame anchor rod is inserted into the wall of the tunnel, and the arch frame is arranged on the arch frame anchor rod and is arranged by being attached to the wall of the tunnel; the axial anti-slip oil cylinder extends along the front-back direction of the tunnel and is arranged in the support shield, the driving end of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder is provided with an axial support shoe, and the axial support shoe is used for being supported on the arch centering to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a deviated well TBM tunneling system and a tunneling method.
Background
A hard rock Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is a special engineering machine for tunneling, has the functions of excavating and cutting soil bodies, conveying mud residues, assembling tunnel linings and the like, and is widely applied to tunnel engineering of subways, railways, highways, municipal administration, hydropower and the like. The conventional TBM is suitable for the construction of a flat tunnel with a gradient of +/-5 percent, and a safe anti-slip device needs to be arranged when the inclined shaft TBM tunnels upwards so as to avoid the problem that the inclined shaft TBM slips downwards.
The application publication number of the invention is CN112412478A, which discloses a construction system for a tunnel inclined shaft, comprising an originating device, an inclined shaft TBM and a receiving device, wherein the inclined shaft TBM comprises a tunneling host and a rear support, a safety anti-slide device is arranged between the tunneling host and the rear support, and the safety anti-slide device prevents the inclined shaft TBM from sliding or unnecessarily sliding when tunneling in the inclined shaft.
The safety anti-slip device is similar to a supporting shoe of the TBM, and is arranged between the tunneling main machine and the rear support, so that the safety anti-slip device can occupy the length of a section of trailer, and the overall length of the inclined shaft TBM is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a driving system of a slant-shaft TBM (tunnel boring machine), which aims to solve the technical problem that the safety anti-slip device in the prior art occupies one trailer length to increase the overall length of the slant-shaft TBM; the invention also aims to provide a TBM (tunnel boring machine) tunneling method for the inclined shaft.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system is as follows:
inclined shaft TBM tunnelling system includes:
the front shield is internally provided with a driving device, the front end of the front shield is provided with a cutter head, and the driving device is used for driving the cutter head to rotate;
the front end of the support shield is inserted into the rear end of the front shield or sleeved at the rear end of the front shield, and a propulsion oil cylinder is arranged between the support shield and the front shield so as to realize the relative movement of the front shield and the support shield in the front-rear direction;
the supporting shoe assembly is arranged in the supporting shield and cooperates with the propulsion oil cylinder to realize the step change of the inclined shaft TBM;
the supporting assembly is arranged behind the supporting shield and comprises an arch frame and an arch frame anchor rod, the arch frame anchor rod is inserted into the wall of the tunnel, and the arch frame is arranged on the arch frame anchor rod and is arranged by being attached to the wall of the tunnel;
the axial anti-slip oil cylinder extends along the front-back direction of the tunnel and is arranged in the support shield, the driving end of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder is provided with an axial support shoe, and the axial support shoe is used for being supported on the arch centering to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping backwards.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system, the arch center is paved on the wall of the hole, and the axial supporting shoe of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder in the supporting shield is supported on the arch center, so that the inclined shaft TBM is prevented from slipping backwards, and the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system is safe and reliable; compared with the safe anti-slip device in the prior art, the total length of the inclined shaft TBM can be reduced, and the inclined shaft TBM can be driven upwards.
As a further improvement, an arch concrete layer is arranged between the arch and the arch anchor rod.
The beneficial effects are that: the arch center is fixed on the wall of the hole through an arch center concrete layer so as to ensure the stability of the arch center.
As a further improvement, when two or more arches are provided, all the arches of the support assembly are arranged in abutment in the front-rear direction.
The beneficial effects are that: all the arches of the supporting component are arranged in a butting mode along the front-back direction, so that all the arches can share a part of stress, and the whole supporting component can bear large jacking force.
As a further improvement, the support assembly further comprises a bracket having a submerged section and a bearing section, the submerged section being disposed submerged in the cavity wall, the bearing section bearing the rearmost arch.
The beneficial effects are that: the bracket not only plays the positioning action to the bow member of rearmost end to the installation of rearmost end bow member plays the supporting role to the bow member of rearmost end moreover, improves whole supporting component's holding power.
As a further improvement, a bracket concrete layer is arranged between the front side of the bracket and the arch center of the hole wall and the rearmost end.
The beneficial effects are that: the stability of the connection of the bracket and the arch frame at the rearmost end is ensured.
As a further improvement, the bearing section and the rearmost arch are fixedly connected by bolts.
The beneficial effects are that: the stability of the connection of the bracket and the arch frame at the rearmost end is ensured.
As a further improvement, at least two arch anchors are correspondingly arranged on each arch.
The beneficial effects are that: designed in such a way as to increase the stability of each arch.
As a further improvement, the support assemblies are provided with at least two groups, and the support assemblies of each group are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
The beneficial effects are that: through setting up two sets of at least supporting components to improve inclined shaft TBM's ability of preventing backward slip.
As a further improvement, the axial anti-slip oil cylinders correspond to the supporting assemblies one by one.
The beneficial effects are that: the design is convenient for the axial anti-slip oil cylinder to be matched with the corresponding support component in a pushing manner.
As a further improvement, the rear part of the support shield is provided with a jumbolter and an arch installing device, the jumbolter is used for drilling holes in the wall of the hole and installing the arch anchor rods, and the arch installing device is used for installing arches on the arch anchor rods.
The beneficial effects are that: the design is favorable for realizing automation.
As a further improvement, be equipped with radial anti-skidding hydro-cylinder in the anterior shield, radial anti-skidding hydro-cylinder is along the radial extension of tunnel, and the drive end of radial anti-skidding hydro-cylinder is equipped with radially props boots, radially props boots and is used for supporting on the hole wall, be equipped with the hole of dodging on the anterior shield, the hole of dodging is used for dodging radially props boots.
The beneficial effects are that: radial supporting shoes can prevent the inclined shaft TBM from sliding backwards together with axial supporting shoes, and further guarantee that the inclined shaft TBM cannot slide backwards when the steps are changed.
As a further improvement, at least two radial anti-slip oil cylinders are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling method is as follows:
the inclined shaft TBM tunneling method comprises the following steps:
1) after the step changing shoe supporting component tightly supports the tunnel wall, the propulsion oil cylinder pushes the cutter head and the front shield to tunnel upwards in an inclined mode, and after the tunneling stroke is reached, the tunneling is stopped;
2) pre-drilling an anchor rod hole on the wall of the hole, placing an arch frame anchor rod, and mounting an arch frame on the arch frame anchor rod;
3) an axial supporting shoe of an axial anti-slip oil cylinder in the supporting shield extends out and is propped against the arch center at the foremost end so as to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping backwards;
4) the step-changing supporting shoes of the supporting shoe assembly are retracted, and after the supporting shield is pulled by the propelling oil cylinder to move upwards in an inclined mode for a tunneling stroke, the step-changing supporting shoes of the supporting shoe assembly tightly support the tunnel wall again;
5) withdrawing the axial supporting shoe of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder;
6) and (5) repeating the steps 1) to 5) to finish the TBM tunneling of the inclined shaft.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system, the arch center is paved on the wall of the hole, and the axial supporting shoe of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder in the supporting shield is supported on the arch center, so that the inclined shaft TBM is prevented from slipping backwards, and the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system is safe and reliable; compared with the safe anti-slip device in the prior art, the total length of the inclined shaft TBM can be reduced, and the inclined shaft TBM can be driven upwards.
As a further improvement, in the step 1), after the tunneling is stopped, the radial supporting shoes in the front shield are extended out and tightly supported on the wall of the hole; in step 5), the radial shoes in the anterior shield are retracted.
The beneficial effects are that: radial supporting shoes can prevent the inclined shaft TBM from sliding backwards together with axial supporting shoes, and further guarantee that the inclined shaft TBM cannot slide backwards when the steps are changed.
As a further improvement, in the step 2), an anchor rod drilling machine is adopted to pre-drill an anchor rod hole on the wall of the hole and place an arch frame anchor rod; and installing an arch on the arch anchor rod by adopting an arch installer.
The beneficial effects are that: the design is favorable for realizing automation.
As a further improvement, in step 2), after the arch is installed on the arch bolt, grouting is performed between the hole wall and the arch to fix the arch.
The beneficial effects are that: the design is carried out in such a way that the stability of the arch is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slant entry TBM tunneling system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the jumbolter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the radial anti-creep cylinder of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. a cutter head; 2. anterior shield; 3. an auxiliary support device; 4. a transmission mechanism; 5. a drive motor; 6. an axial shoe; 7. a propulsion cylinder; 8. an axial anti-slip oil cylinder; 9. a support shield; 10. a shoe support assembly; 11. an arch frame installer; 12. a jumbolter; 13. a support assembly; 14. a bracket; 15. a bracket anchor; 16. a radial shoe; 17. a radial anti-slip oil cylinder; 18. an arch frame anchor rod; 19. an arch frame; 20. an arch concrete layer; 21. and (6) forming a hole wall.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, the terms "front", "back", "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for convenience in describing the present invention, but do not indicate that the referred device or component must have a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Embodiment 1 of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1, the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system comprises a front shield 2 and a support shield 9, a driving device is arranged inside the front shield 2, a cutter head 1 is arranged at the front end of the front shield 2, the driving device comprises a driving motor 5 and a transmission mechanism 4, and the driving motor 5 drives the cutter head 1 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 4 when working, so as to cut the soil body.
In this embodiment, the front end of the support shield 9 is inserted into the rear end of the front shield 2, and a thrust cylinder 7 is provided between the support shield 9 and the front shield 2, so that the front shield 2 moves forward relative to the support shield 9 in the front-rear direction. Wherein, one end of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 is connected with the lower part of the support shield 9, and the other end of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 is connected with the lower part of the front shield 2.
In the embodiment, a supporting shoe assembly 10 is arranged in the supporting shield 9, the supporting shoe assembly 10 comprises a supporting shoe oil cylinder and a stepping supporting shoe, and the stepping supporting shoe is driven by the supporting shoe oil cylinder to reciprocate in the radial direction of the tunnel; wherein, the supporting shoe assembly 10 and the propulsion oil cylinder 7 cooperate to realize the step change of the inclined shaft TBM.
In this embodiment, the supporting component 13 is disposed on the tunnel wall 21 of the tunnel, and the supporting component 13 is disposed at the bottom of the tunnel wall 21 and behind the support shield 9. As shown in fig. 2, the support assembly 13 includes an arch 19 and an arch bolt 18, the arch bolt 18 is inserted into a hole wall 21 of the tunnel, and the arch 19 is mounted on the arch bolt 18 and is disposed against the hole wall 21. Wherein, the arch frame 19 is an inverted arch steel lining which is formed by welding anti-slipping steel materials. In other embodiments, the arch may be a concrete segment.
As shown in fig. 2, concrete is poured between the arch 19 and the hole wall 21 so that an arch concrete layer 20 is formed between the arch 19 and the hole wall 21 to further secure the stability of the arch 19. Wherein, each arch 19 corresponds to three arch bolts 18 to ensure the stability of the arch 19. In other embodiments, no concrete may be poured between the arch and the wall of the hole.
In this embodiment, two groups of support assemblies 13 are provided, and the two groups of support assemblies 13 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunnel; each set of support elements 13 comprises a plurality of arches 19, the arches 19 included in the same support element 13 being arranged in abutment in the axial direction of the tunnel. Wherein, every time the inclined shaft TBM is changed, a plurality of arch frames 19 need to be constructed, and then concrete is poured between the plurality of arch frames 19 and the hole wall 21. In other embodiments, the support assemblies may be arranged in a group.
In this embodiment, the support assembly 13 further includes a bracket 14, and the bracket 14 is fixed on the hole wall 21 through a bracket anchor rod 15; the carrier 14 has a submerged section, which is arranged submerged in the tunnel wall 21, and a bearing section, which bears the rearmost arch 19 and is bolted to the rearmost arch 19. Wherein, a bracket concrete layer is arranged between the front side of the bracket 14 and the arch frame 19 at the rearmost end of the hole wall 21, and the bracket 14 is positioned at the entrance of the inclined shaft.
As shown in fig. 1, an axial anti-slip oil cylinder 8 is arranged in the support shield 9, the axial anti-slip oil cylinder 8 extends in the front-back direction of the tunnel, an axial support shoe 6 is arranged at the driving end of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder 8, and the axial support shoe 6 is used for being supported on an arch frame 19 to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping.
In this embodiment, two axial anti-slip oil cylinders 8 are provided, and the two axial anti-slip oil cylinders 8 correspond to the corresponding support assemblies 13 respectively.
In this embodiment, the rear portion of the support shield 9 is provided with an arch installing device 11 and an anchor rod drilling machine 12, the anchor rod drilling machine 12 is used for drilling a hole in the hole wall 21 and installing an arch anchor rod 18, and the arch installing device 11 is used for installing an arch 19 on the arch anchor rod 18, so as to realize the automatic construction of the support assembly 13. The arch center installer 11 and the jumbolter 12 are both existing mature products, and the specific structures and working principles of the two are not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, an auxiliary supporting device 3 is arranged in the front shield 2, the auxiliary supporting device 3 includes a radial supporting shoe 16 and a radial anti-slip oil cylinder 17, the radial anti-slip oil cylinder 17 extends in the radial direction of the tunnel, the radial supporting shoe 16 is arranged at the driving end of the radial anti-slip oil cylinder 17, and an avoiding hole is arranged on the front shield 2 and used for avoiding the radial supporting shoe 16. During normal tunneling, the radial supporting shoes 16 are retracted in the front shield 2, and when steps need to be changed, the radial supporting shoes 16 penetrate through the avoidance holes and are supported on the hole wall 21 to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping backwards. In other embodiments, in the case that the supporting force of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder is large enough, the auxiliary supporting device may not be provided.
In this embodiment, six radial anti-slip oil cylinders 17 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunnel to improve the anti-slip capability of the inclined shaft TBM. In other embodiments, the number of the radial anti-slip cylinders 17 can be set as required.
In the embodiment, the diameter of the anchor rod is 25-35mm, and the depth is larger than 1.2 m.
The tunneling process of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system comprises the following steps:
1. after the step changing shoe supporting component 10 tightly supports the tunnel wall, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes the cutter head 1 and the front shield 2 to tunnel obliquely upwards, and after the tunneling stroke is reached, the tunneling is stopped;
2. the radial supporting shoes 16 in the front shield 2 extend out and are tightly supported on the hole wall 21;
3. firstly, pre-drilling an anchor rod hole on a hole wall 21 by using an anchor rod drilling machine 12, placing an arch frame anchor rod 18, then installing an arch frame 19 on the arch frame anchor rod 18 by using an arch frame installer 11, and grouting between the hole wall 21 and the arch frame 19 to fix the arch frame 19;
4. the axial supporting shoes 6 of the axial anti-slip oil cylinders 8 in the supporting shield 9 extend out to be propped against the arch frame 19 at the foremost end so as to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping backwards together with the radial supporting shoes 16;
5. the step-changing supporting shoes of the supporting shoe assembly 10 are retracted, and after the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pulls the supporting shield 9 to move upwards in an inclined mode for a tunneling stroke, the step-changing supporting shoes of the supporting shoe assembly 10 tightly support the tunnel wall again;
6. retracting the radial and axial shoes 16 and 6 in the front shield 2 and 9;
7. and (5) repeating the steps 1-6 to finish the TBM tunneling of the inclined shaft.
According to the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system, the arch center is paved on the wall of the hole, and the axial supporting shoe of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder in the supporting shield is supported on the arch center, so that the inclined shaft TBM is prevented from slipping backwards, and the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system is safe and reliable; compared with the safety anti-slip device in the prior art, the total length of the inclined shaft TBM can be reduced. In addition, the auxiliary supporting device in the front shield can further improve the anti-slip capability of the inclined shaft TBM.
Embodiment 2 of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system of the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, an arch concrete layer 20 is provided between the arch 19 and the arch bolt 18 to improve the stability of the arch. In this embodiment, the arch concrete layer is not provided, and the stability of the arch is improved by increasing the diameter and the number of the anchor rods of the arch.
Embodiment 3 of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system of the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that, in embodiment 1, the support assembly 13 includes a plurality of arches 19, and all the arches 19 of the support assembly 13 are arranged in abutment in the front-rear direction. In this embodiment, in the case that the supporting assembly includes a plurality of arches, all the arches of the supporting assembly are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction, and the distance between two adjacent arches is equal to one tunneling stroke of the inclined shaft TBM.
Embodiment 4 of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system of the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, three arch bolts 18 are arranged for each arch 19. In this embodiment, each arch is provided with corresponding arch anchor rods as required, for example, two or more than four.
Embodiment 5 of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system of the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, two axial anti-slip cylinders 8 are provided, two sets of support assemblies 13 are provided, and the axial anti-slip cylinders 8 correspond to the support assemblies 13 one by one. In this embodiment, based on the two sets of support assemblies, one axial anti-slip oil cylinder is provided, and the drive end of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder is connected with an axial supporting shoe, and the axial supporting shoe is large in size so as to simultaneously press against the two sets of support assemblies. In other embodiments, an axial anti-creep cylinder and a support assembly may be provided.
In the embodiment of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling method of the invention, the inclined shaft TBM tunneling method in the embodiment is the same as the inclined shaft TBM tunneling method in any one of embodiments 1 to 5 of the inclined shaft TBM tunneling system, and details are not repeated here.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (16)
1. Inclined shaft TBM tunnelling system, its characterized in that includes:
the front shield (2) is internally provided with a driving device, the front end of the front shield (2) is provided with a cutter head (1), and the driving device is used for driving the cutter head (1) to rotate;
the front end of the support shield (9) is inserted into the rear end of the front shield (2) or sleeved at the rear end of the front shield (2), and a propulsion oil cylinder (7) is arranged between the support shield (9) and the front shield (2) so as to realize the relative movement of the front shield (2) and the support shield (9) in the front-rear direction;
the shoe supporting component (10) is arranged in the support shield (9), and the shoe supporting component (10) and the propulsion oil cylinder (7) work cooperatively to realize the step change of the inclined shaft TBM;
the supporting assembly (13) is arranged behind the supporting shield (9), the supporting assembly (13) comprises an arch frame (19) and an arch frame anchor rod (18), the arch frame anchor rod (18) is inserted into a hole wall (21) of the tunnel, and the arch frame (19) is installed on the arch frame anchor rod (18) and is arranged by being attached to the hole wall (21);
the axial anti-slip oil cylinder (8) extends along the front-back direction of the tunnel and is arranged in the support shield (9), the driving end of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder (8) is provided with an axial support shoe (6), and the axial support shoe (6) is used for being supported on an arch frame (19) so as to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping backwards.
2. The slant TBM tunneling system according to claim 1, wherein an arch concrete layer (20) is provided between the arch (19) and the arch anchor (18).
3. The slant TBM tunneling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when two or more arches (19) are provided, all the arches (19) of the support assembly (13) are arranged in abutment in the front-rear direction.
4. A deviated shaft TBM tunnelling system as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the support assembly (13) further comprises a carriage (14), the carriage (14) having a submerged section disposed in the tunnel wall (21) and a bearing section bearing the rearmost arch (19).
5. The slant TBM tunneling system according to claim 4, wherein a bracket concrete layer is provided between the front side of the bracket (14) and the arch (19) at the rearmost end and the hole wall (21).
6. The slant TBM tunneling system according to claim 4, wherein said bearing section and rearmost arch (19) are fixedly connected by bolts.
7. A deviated well TBM tunnelling system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least two arch bolts (18) are arranged for each arch (19).
8. The inclined shaft TBM tunneling system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support assemblies (13) are provided in at least two groups, and the support assemblies (13) in each group are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
9. The inclined shaft TBM tunneling system according to claim 8, wherein the axial anti-slip cylinders (8) correspond to the support assemblies (13) in a one-to-one manner.
10. The slant TBM tunneling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support shield (9) is provided at the rear with a jumbolter (12) and an arch installer (11), the jumbolter (12) being used to drill a hole in the hole wall (21) and install the arch bolt (18), the arch installer (11) being used to install the arch (19) on the arch bolt (18).
11. The inclined shaft TBM tunneling system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a radial anti-slip oil cylinder (17) is arranged in the front shield (2), the radial anti-slip oil cylinder (17) extends along the radial direction of the tunnel, a radial supporting shoe (16) is arranged at the driving end of the radial anti-slip oil cylinder (17), the radial supporting shoe (16) is used for being supported on the tunnel wall (21), and an avoiding hole is formed in the front shield (2) and used for avoiding the radial supporting shoe (16).
12. The inclined shaft TBM tunneling system according to claim 11, wherein at least two radial anti-slip cylinders (17) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tunnel.
13. The inclined shaft TBM tunneling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) after the step-changing shoe supporting component (10) tightly supports the tunnel wall, the propulsion oil cylinder (7) pushes the cutter head (1) and the front shield (2) to tunnel upwards in an inclined mode, and after the tunneling stroke is reached, the tunneling is stopped;
2) pre-drilling an anchor rod hole on a hole wall (21), placing an arch frame anchor rod (18), and installing an arch frame (19) on the arch frame anchor rod (18);
3) an axial supporting shoe (6) of an axial anti-slip oil cylinder (8) in a supporting shield (9) extends out and is propped against an arch center (19) at the foremost end to prevent a TBM of the inclined shaft from slipping backwards;
4) the step-changing supporting shoes of the supporting shoe assembly (10) are retracted, and after the propulsion oil cylinder (7) pulls the supporting shield (9) to move upwards in an inclined mode for a tunneling stroke, the step-changing supporting shoes of the supporting shoe assembly (10) support the wall of the hole again;
5) an axial supporting shoe (6) of the axial anti-slip oil cylinder (8) is retracted;
6) and (5) repeating the steps 1) to 5) to finish the TBM tunneling of the inclined shaft.
14. The inclined shaft TBM tunneling method according to the claim 13, wherein in the step 1), after the tunneling is stopped, the radial supporting shoes (16) in the front shield (2) are extended and tightly supported on the hole wall (21); in step 5), the radial supporting shoes (16) in the anterior shield (2) are retracted.
15. The slant TBM tunneling method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that in step 2), a jumbolter (12) is used to pre-drill a bolt hole in the hole wall (21) and to place the arch bolt (18); an arch center (19) is installed on an arch center anchor rod (18) by adopting an arch center installer (11).
16. The slant TBM tunneling method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein in step 2), after installing the arch (19) on the arch bolt (18), grouting is performed between the hole wall (21) and the arch (19) to fix the arch (19).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114370277A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-19 | 中南大学 | Self-driving type tunneling device for newly-opened rescue tunnel |
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