CN113216971A - Coal mine underground roof cutting device and roof cutting construction method - Google Patents
Coal mine underground roof cutting device and roof cutting construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113216971A CN113216971A CN202110696950.2A CN202110696950A CN113216971A CN 113216971 A CN113216971 A CN 113216971A CN 202110696950 A CN202110696950 A CN 202110696950A CN 113216971 A CN113216971 A CN 113216971A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/26—Chisels or other cutting tools not mentioned before
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mine underground roof cutting device and a roof cutting construction method, which are applied to coal rock roof cutting, wherein a roadway is arranged along the transverse direction of coal rocks, drill holes are formed by extending the roadway towards the direction of a coal rock roof, the drill holes are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction, and a roof cutting span between two adjacent drill holes forms a coal rock roof to be cut, and the roof cutting device comprises: a drive mechanism having a drive wheel; the foot rests are respectively matched with the corresponding drill holes, and one ends of the foot rests are fixed on a bottom plate of the roadway; the foot rest is at least provided with two guide wheels, one guide wheel is positioned at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel is positioned in the roadway; the flexible saw is sequentially wound on the guide wheels of the plurality of adjacent foot stands, so that the flexible saw forms a closed loop, the inner side end of the flexible saw abuts against the coal rock top plate to be cut, and at least part of the outer side end of the flexible saw is wound on the driving wheels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mining mechanical equipment, in particular to a coal mine underground roof cutting device and a roof cutting construction method.
Background
The existing common roof cutting technology for coal mines mainly comprises roof cutting by directional (energy-gathered) blasting technology, directional hydraulic fracturing technology, directional rock breaking technology by static expanding agent, rock breaking technology by splitting machine, intensive drilling rock breaking technology and the like, and has the advantages and disadvantages as follows:
the directional (energy-gathering) blasting technology is that drilling holes are constructed in advance in a coal rock mass, the drilling holes are usually arranged in a straight line, explosive cartridges or energy-gathering pipes filled with explosives are filled into the drilling holes, then a plurality of adjacent drilling holes are controlled to detonate simultaneously, and the coal rock mass is torn and split along the arrangement line of the drilling holes in a roughly straight line through the synchronous action of multiple holes. The technology has good directional effect, but the explosive has great difficulty in safety management, the generated sparks are easy to induce the gas in the coal mine goaf, and toxic and harmful gases are generated, so that the technology is unfavorable for safe and efficient mining of mines.
There are two main methods in the directional hydraulic fracturing technology at present: firstly, drilling holes in a coal rock body, prefabricating axial or radial cutting grooves or rows of small holes in the finished drilled holes through a cutting blade or a high-pressure water jet technology, then injecting water into the drilled holes, and realizing directional expansion of hydraulic fractures through the guiding action of the cutting grooves or the small holes; secondly, arranging a row of drill holes in the coal rock body along a straight line, then simultaneously fracturing a plurality of adjacent drill holes, and forming a common fracture surface through the coupling action among the drill holes in the fracturing process. At present, the directional hydraulic fracturing technology of pre-grooving or pre-perforating often forms a turn in a short distance, and the synchronous hydraulic fracturing technology of many drilling holes is often influenced by the ground stress and is difficult to form the fracture of appointed direction, so the implementation effect of directional hydraulic fracturing is not ideal, and the extension direction of hydraulic fracture is still difficult to control.
The static breaking agent rock breaking and splitting machine rock breaking are mainly used in bare rocks without confining pressure on the ground since research and development, and through the combined action of a plurality of drill holes, the combined force is utilized to enable the breaking to form a common breaking surface instantly, so that the directional rock breaking is realized, and the implementation effect is better. However, in the coal rock mass under the coal mine, the coal rock mass is in a three-way stressed state, cracks generated by means of static crushers, splitting machines and the like are difficult to form a through surface, and the direction is difficult to control artificially due to the influence of ground stress.
The intensive drilling and rock breaking technology is mainly characterized in that intensive linearly-arranged drill holes are constructed in roof rocks, the integrity of the rock is broken through a large number of drill holes, and then the roof is promoted to collapse along the arrangement direction of the drill holes under the action of mine pressure. The method can promote the roof to fall to a certain extent, but the dense drilling technology needs a large number of construction drill holes, and has high cost, long construction period and low labor efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme aims at the problems and requirements, and provides the underground coal mine roof cutting device which can achieve the technical purpose by adopting the following technical characteristics and bring other multiple technical effects.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a coal mine underground roof cutting device is applied to roof cutting of a coal rock roof, a tunnel is arranged along the transverse direction of the coal rock roof, the tunnel extends towards the coal rock roof to form drill holes, the drill holes are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction, and a roof cutting span between two adjacent drill holes forms the coal rock roof to be cut, and the roof cutting device comprises:
a drive mechanism having a drive wheel;
the foot rests are respectively matched with the corresponding drill holes, and one ends of the foot rests are fixed on a bottom plate of the roadway; the foot rest is at least provided with two guide wheels, one guide wheel is positioned at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel is positioned in the roadway;
the flexible saw is sequentially wound on the guide wheels of the plurality of adjacent foot stands, so that the flexible saw forms a closed loop, the inner side end of the flexible saw abuts against the coal rock top plate to be cut, and at least part of the outer side end of the flexible saw is wound on the driving wheels.
In the technical scheme, the driving mechanism drives the flexible saw to transmit, and the flexible saw and the coal rock top plate to be cut generate friction force to play a role in cutting the coal rock top plate to be cut; the roof cutting device has the advantages of good cutting directionality, high cutting efficiency, low cutting cost, continuous construction and controllable effect, does not vibrate or impact a roof plate, and avoids the damage to the original roadway supporting structure.
In addition, the underground coal mine roof cutting device provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics:
in one example of the invention, the flexible saw is a rope saw or a chainsaw.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises:
the driving mechanism is installed in the movable trolley and can move in a roadway along the transverse direction so as to adjust the tightness between the coal rock roof to be cut and the flexible saw.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the sensor is provided with a sensor which is used for detecting the position of the sensor,
the sensor is arranged on the flexible saw, coupled with the driving mechanism and used for monitoring the tension information of the flexible saw in real time and feeding the tension information back to the driving mechanism.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: a limiting wheel is arranged on the upper portion of the frame,
the foot rest is arranged on one side of the moving direction of the moving trolley and used for limiting the position of the outer side end of the flexible saw.
In one example of the present invention, the stopper wheel is disposed at a position opposite to the guide wheel located in the tunnel.
In one example of the present invention, an edge of the through hole is provided with an annular boss, and a protruding direction of the annular boss coincides with a protruding direction of the wire arranging cover.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the construction method for cutting the roof of the underground coal mine comprises the following steps:
s10: the coal rock roof cutting method comprises the following steps of (1) extending along the direction from a roadway to a coal rock roof, arranging a plurality of drill holes at intervals in the transverse direction, and forming the coal rock roof to be cut between two adjacent drill hole spans;
s20: a foot rest is arranged in each drill hole, and the lower end of the foot rest is fixed on a bottom plate of the roadway; the foot rest is at least pivotally provided with two guide wheels, one guide wheel is positioned at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel is positioned in the roadway;
s30: the flexible saw is sequentially wound on the guide wheels of at least two adjacent foot stands, so that the inner side end of the flexible saw is in fit contact with the coal rock roof to be cut, and at least part of the outer side end of the flexible saw is wound on the driving wheel of the driving mechanism;
s40: the driving wheel of the driving mechanism drives the flexible saw to transmit, so that the flexible saw contacted with the coal rock roof to be cut cuts the rock body until the flexible saw at the inner side end cuts and moves to a top cutting position;
s50: repeating the steps S10 to S40 until the top cutting is completed.
In an example of the present invention, in the step S40, the method further includes:
the driving mechanism moves along the transverse direction, and the driving mechanism and the flexible saw synchronously move in the transverse direction in the direction of cutting the coal rock top plate to be cut, so that the flexible saw is in a tensioning state in real time.
In one example of the invention, the drive mechanism adjusts the speed of movement of the drive mechanism based on sensing tension information of the flexible saw.
In one example of the invention, when the driving mechanism moves along the transverse direction, a limiting wheel is arranged on one side of the foot rest on one side of the moving direction of the driving mechanism so as to limit the position of the outer side end of the flexible saw.
The following description of the preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Wherein the drawings are only for purposes of illustrating some embodiments of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention to all embodiments thereof.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view (initial state) of the topping device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the topping device according to the embodiment of the present invention (topping state).
List of reference numerals:
a topping device 100;
a coal rock roof 10;
a floor coal rock 11;
a roof coal rock 12;
a coal rock top plate 10A to be cut;
a top plate 121;
a roadway 20;
drilling a hole 30;
a foot rest 40;
a guide wheel 41;
a limiting wheel 42;
a flexible saw 50;
an inner end 51;
an outer end 52;
a drive mechanism 60;
a drive wheel 61;
a mobile cart 70;
a top-cutting height H;
a roof-cutting span L;
and (4) cutting the top line X.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of specific embodiments of the present invention. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not necessarily denote a limitation of quantity. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The coal mine underground roof cutting device 100 according to the first aspect of the invention is applied to roof cutting of a coal rock roof 10, specifically, the coal rock 10 is distributed from top to bottom into a bottom plate coal rock 11, a top plate coal rock 12 and a coal bed or a rock stratum where the coal rock is located, a tunnel 20 is arranged along the transverse direction of the coal rock roof 10, a drill hole 30 is formed by extending the tunnel 20 towards the coal rock roof 10, the drill holes 30 are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction, and a roof cutting span L between two adjacent drill holes 30 forms a coal rock roof 10A to be cut, that is, the drill hole 30 starts from a roof 121 and extends into the coal rock roof 10, for example, the drill hole can extend along the longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the transverse direction) or along an inclined direction which is not perpendicular to the transverse direction;
the topping device 100, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, includes:
a drive mechanism 60 having a drive wheel 61; for example, the drive mechanism 60 is a hydraulic motor;
the plurality of foot rests 40 are respectively matched with the corresponding drill holes 30, and one ends of the foot rests 40 are fixed on the bottom plate of the roadway 20; at least two guide wheels 41 are arranged on the foot stand 40, one guide wheel 41 is positioned at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel 41 is positioned in the roadway 20; guide wheels 41 are respectively installed at the top of the foot stand 40 and at the position of the rope saw foot stand 40 at a certain distance below the top plate 121 (the roadway 20) to determine the range of the rock mass surrounded by the flexible saw 50 and prevent the cutting saw chain from damaging the rock mass outside the surrounding.
The flexible saw 50 is sequentially wound on the guide wheels 41 of a plurality of adjacent foot stands 40, so that the flexible saw 50 forms a closed loop, the inner side end 51 of the flexible saw abuts against the coal rock top plate 10A to be cut, and the outer side end 52 of the flexible saw is at least partially wound on the driving wheel 61; namely, the inner side end 51 is contacted with the coal rock top plate 10A to be cut, and the contact part is the part except the top cutting position and is contacted with three surfaces of the coal rock top plate 10A to be cut;
specifically, the driving mechanism 60 drives the flexible saw 50 to drive, friction force is generated between the flexible saw and the coal rock top plate to be cut 10A, the effect of cutting the coal rock top plate to be cut 10A is achieved, and with the cutting of the flexible saw 50, the inner side end 51 part of the flexible saw gradually moves upwards until the inner side end coincides with the top cutting line X of the top cutting position, and then one-time cutting is completed; the roof cutting device 100 is good in directionality, high in cutting efficiency, low in cutting cost, continuous in construction and controllable in effect, cannot vibrate or impact the top plate 10, and avoids damage to an original roadway supporting structure.
It can be understood that the flexible saw 50 may be sequentially wrapped on the plurality of foot rests 40, for example, three foot rests, at this time, two coal-rock roofs 10A to be cut are to be cut, and the driving mechanism 60 drives the flexible saw 50 to cut the plurality of coal-rock roofs 10A to be cut; of course, the driving mechanisms 60 may also respectively drive the flexible saws 50 to cut the coal roof panel 10A to be cut.
In one example of the present invention, the flexible saw 50 is a rope saw or chain saw, for example, the present invention uses a rope saw, that is, a diamond material embedded on a rope, the diamond has hardness and strong wear resistance, and the diamond does not wear during the contact with the coal roof panel 10A to be cut. The invention is not limited to the above, and other wear-resistant materials can be embedded on the rope; it will be appreciated that the chain saw must have a track, which is clamped to run, and will not be described in detail herein.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises:
a moving trolley 70, wherein the driving mechanism 60 is installed in the moving trolley 70, so that the driving mechanism 60 can move in the roadway 20 along the transverse direction to adjust the tightness between the coal roof panel 10A to be cut and the flexible saw 50;
that is, as the flexible saw 50 cuts the coal roof panel to be cut 10A continuously, the non-contact portion between the flexible saw 50 and the coal roof panel to be cut 10A is longer and longer, and the driving mechanism 60 is driven to move in the transverse direction by the movement of the moving trolley 70, so as to play a role of tensioning the flexible saw 50.
Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may further include: the automatic rope saw tightening device is connected with the driving mechanism 60, is used for automatically tightening the flexible saw 50 in real time when the flexible saw 50 cuts a rock mass, and can also realize automatic adjustment of the tightness of the flexible saw 50;
for example, an automatic rope saw tightening device includes: at least one telescopic mechanism fixedly coupled to the moving cart 70; the roller is pivotally connected to a telescopic rod of the telescopic mechanism, so that the flexible saw 50 is at least partially wound on the roller, and when the flexible saw 50 needs to be tensioned, the telescopic mechanism makes an extending motion to tension the flexible saw 50; it will be appreciated that the direction of the telescopic movement of the telescopic mechanism is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the flexible saw 50;
for another example, the driving wheel 61 is a continuously variable transmission wheel, i.e., the outer diameter thereof can be steplessly increased or decreased; when the flexible saw 50 is used for cutting the coal rock top plate 10A to be cut, when the flexible saw 50 needs to be tensioned, the tightness degree of the flexible saw 50 can be adjusted by increasing the outer diameter of the driving wheel 61; it can be understood that the infinitely variable speed wheel is composed of a plurality of driving profiles, each driving profile is connected with a telescopic cylinder so as to form a complete driving wheel, and when the outer diameter of the driving wheel is adjusted, the telescopic cylinders act simultaneously.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the sensor is provided with a sensor which is used for detecting the position of the sensor,
the sensor is mounted on the flexible saw 50 and coupled with the driving mechanism 60, and is used for monitoring the tension information of the flexible saw 50 in real time and feeding the tension information back to the driving mechanism 60;
that is, a tension sensor is installed on the flexible saw 50, a real-time tension value of the flexible saw 50 during the cutting of the coal roof panel 10A to be cut is monitored by the tension sensor and fed back to the driving mechanism 60, and a corresponding action response is made by the driving mechanism 60, that is, the moving speed of the driving mechanism 60 can be kept consistent with the cutting speed of the flexible saw 50.
Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the sensor may also be a speed measurement sensor or a distance sensor, which is used to measure the rotation speed of the flexible saw 50 and the depth of the flexible saw 50 cutting the rock mass, respectively, so as to monitor the roof cutting device 100 more comprehensively; except that the sensor cannot be mounted to the flexible saw 50, such as on the dolly 70.
Alternatively, while the cutting work is being performed, the traveling carriage 70 is slowly moved forward by the remote control of the technician, the flexible saw 50 connecting the guide wheel 41 and the driving wheel 61 is gradually lengthened, and the flexible saw 50 wound around the roof 10A of the coal rock to be cut is gradually shortened. The rope is taken up by the forward movement of the rope saw trolley, ensuring that the flexible saw 50 has a certain tension all the time during the cutting and sawing operation.
Preferably, to more accurately measure the tension of the flexible saw 50, a plurality of sensors may be mounted on the flexible saw 50 while monitoring the tension at different locations of the flexible saw 50.
Of course, the automatic rope saw tightening device may also be coupled to a sensor for automatically adjusting the tightness of the automatic rope saw tightening device based on the tightness of the flexible saw 50.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the position-limiting wheel 42 is provided with a limiting wheel,
a foot stand disposed on one side of the moving direction of the moving cart 70 for defining the position of the outer end 52 of the flexible saw 50;
when the movable trolley 70 moves, the outer side end 52 of the flexible saw 50 of the foot rest positioned on one side in the moving direction is separated from the guide wheel 41, and the limiting wheel 42 is arranged on one side of the flexible saw 50, so that the flexible saw 50 can be prevented from deviating and damaging a rock body in front of the foot rest. It is worth mentioning that the front direction here is the direction of movement of the trolley.
In one example of the present invention, the stopper wheel 42 is disposed at a position opposite to the guide wheel 41 located in the tunnel 20;
that is, the limiting wheel 42 is arranged in the roadway 20 at a position right in front of the guide wheel 41, so that the deviation of the flexible saw 50 in the drill hole 30 can be avoided to the maximum extent.
In one example of the present invention, the topping device 100 further comprises a cooling tank (not shown) through which the flexible saw 50 is physically wetted and cooled before being moved to the driving mechanism 60.
The topping device 100 has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the roof cutting device utilizes a diamond tool to grind a rock (coal) body, has no impact on the original coal rock roof 10 structure, achieves the purpose of dividing the roof 121 into two parts, and cannot damage structures except a cutting line, which cannot be realized by the traditional roof cutting technology.
(2) The topping device 100 is powerful, efficient, and capable of continuous operation and multiple parallel operations. Specifically, the saw kerf depth can reach 20-30 m, even deeper; the cutting speed is high, and can reach 2.5-12 square meters per hour according to the hardness of the stone; the machine body can rotate 360 degrees and can cut in all directions such as vertical direction, horizontal direction, inclined plane and the like.
(3) The tangent plane that this top-cutting device 100 cutting formed is level and smooth, and the kerf is little, does benefit to the landing and the fracture of coal petrography roof 10.
(4) The topping device 100 has low cost, high safety, low noise and low labor intensity.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the construction method for cutting the top of the underground coal mine comprises the steps of firstly determining and designing top cutting parameters such as the position of a top cutting line X and the height of the top cutting according to the working requirements of directional top cutting (such as gob-side entry retaining and top cutting pressure relief). Then, according to the sawing parameters such as the length of the flexible saw 50, the power of a hydraulic motor of the driving wheel 61, the firmness coefficient of the rock stratum of the top plate 121 and the like, the span L and the top cutting height H (generally, L is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 10m, and H is less than or equal to 30m) of each sawing are determined, and the method comprises the following steps:
s10: a plurality of drill holes 30 are arranged at intervals in the transverse direction and extend from the roadway 20 to the coal rock top plate 10, and the coal rock top plate 10 between the spans of two adjacent drill holes 30 forms a coal rock top plate 10A to be cut;
s20: a foot stool 40 is arranged in each drilling hole 30, and the lower end of the foot stool 40 is fixed on the bottom plate of the roadway 20; wherein, the foot rest 40 is at least pivotally provided with two guide wheels 41, one guide wheel 41 is positioned at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel 41 is positioned in the roadway 20;
s30: the flexible saw 50 is sequentially wound on the guide wheels 41 of at least two adjacent foot stands 40, so that the inner side end 51 of the flexible saw 50 is in fit contact with the coal and rock roof 10A to be cut, and the outer side end 52 of the flexible saw 50 is at least partially wound on the driving wheel 61 of the driving mechanism 60;
s40: the driving wheel 61 of the driving mechanism 60 drives the flexible saw 50 to transmit, so that the flexible saw 50 in contact with the coal roof 10A to be cut cuts the rock body until the flexible saw 50 at the inner side end 51 cuts and moves to the top cutting position;
s50: repeating the steps S10 to S40 until the top cutting is completed.
That is, firstly, drilling holes 30 are formed in the coal rock top plate 10, then foot rests 40 are installed in each drilling hole 30, the rock mass between every two adjacent foot rests 40 is the coal rock top plate 10A to be cut, wherein each foot rest 40 is at least provided with two guide wheels 41 in a pivoting mode, the top tangent of one guide wheel 41 is coincident with a top cutting line X designed at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel 41 is located in the roadway 20; then at least winding the flexible saws 50 on two adjacent foot stands 40 to enable the flexible saws 50 to form a closed loop, wherein the inner side end 51 of the flexible saws is in contact with the outer contour of the coal and rock roof plate 10A to be cut, the outer side end 52 of the flexible saws is wound on the driving wheel 61 of the driving mechanism 60, and finally the driving wheel 61 of the driving mechanism 60 drives the flexible saws 50 to transmit, so that the flexible saws 50 in contact with the coal and rock roof plate 10A to be cut the rock body until the flexible saws 50 at the inner side end 51 cut and move to the top cutting line X designed at the top cutting position, and one top cutting operation is completed; and (5) repeatedly finishing the steps to realize top cutting.
In an example of the present invention, in the step S40, the method further includes:
the driving mechanism 60 moves along the transverse direction, and the driving mechanism 60 moves in the transverse direction and the flexible saw 50 synchronously in the direction of cutting the coal rock top plate 10A to be cut, so that the flexible saw 50 is in a tensioning state in real time;
specifically, the driving mechanism 60 adjusts the moving speed of the driving mechanism 60 according to the detected tension information of the flexible saw 50, a tension sensor is installed on the flexible saw 50, the real-time tension value of the flexible saw 50 in the process of cutting the top coal rock plate 10A to be cut is monitored through the tension sensor and fed back to the driving mechanism 60, and the driving mechanism 60 makes a corresponding action response, that is, the moving speed of the driving mechanism 60 can be consistent with the cutting speed of the flexible saw 50.
In one example of the present invention, when the driving mechanism 60 moves along the transverse direction, a limiting wheel 42 is provided at one side of the foot rest 40 at one side of the moving direction of the driving mechanism 60 to limit the position of the outer end 52 of the flexible saw 50;
when the movable trolley 70 moves, the outer end 52 of the flexible saw of the foot rest 40 positioned on one side of the moving direction of the movable trolley is separated from the guide wheel 41, and the limiting wheel 42 is arranged on one side of the movable trolley, so that the flexible saw 50 can be prevented from deviating and a rock body in front of the foot rest 40 can be prevented from being damaged. It is worth mentioning that the front direction here is the direction of movement of the trolley.
In one example of the present invention, in said step S40,
when the flexible saw 50 cuts the rock mass, the method also comprises the step of physically cooling the flexible saw 50;
that is, a cooling tank (not shown) is disposed on the movable cart 70, and the flexible saw 50 is physically wetted and cooled by the cooling tank filled with cooling water before running to the driving mechanism 60, so as to avoid generating high heat during the cutting process.
The roof cutting construction method has the following beneficial effects:
1) and the roadway retaining and coal pillar-free mining are realized. The coal pillar-free mining technology is characterized in that a protective coal pillar is not reserved in the mining process, the resource recovery rate can be improved, the tunneling engineering quantity of a roadway is greatly reduced through the reutilization of the roadway, and potential safety hazards such as local stress concentration and roadway deformation caused by the reserved coal pillar are avoided. After the coal seam is mined, the top plate 121 in the goaf is difficult to fall off orderly, timely and fully, and the failure of the manual entry retaining is often caused, so a roof cutting technology is needed to cut off the top plate 121 in advance, so that the top plate is enabled to collapse orderly, timely and fully, and a condition is created for the manual entry retaining.
2) And realizing the pressure relief of the roadway. Face extraction causes continuous bending deformation of the roof 121, resulting in high stress concentrations in the surrounding roadway and thus large deformation. The roof 121 on the mining side and the disturbed roof 121 are cut off in advance, so that the influence of mining on the peripheral roadway on the working face can be effectively reduced, stress isolation is realized, and the purpose of pressure relief is achieved. The roof cutting and pressure relief technology is mainly used for pre-splitting a roof 121 in front of a working face and a lateral roof 121, so that dynamic pressure treatment of a roadway and a roadway in front of the working face can be realized, high stress can be treated by cutting off a suspended roof of an adjacent empty roadway, a roof bottom plate rock stratum can be cut off directionally, a stress path is changed, and stress transfer and pressure relief are realized. The protection to the working face and the roadway is realized, and the method is widely applied to coal mine safety problems such as hard roof 121 control, ore pressure impact prevention and control, strong dynamic pressure roadway protection and the like. Meanwhile, in the process of implementing non-pillar coal mining of a coal mine, directional roof cutting is also one of key technologies
3) The angle of the cutting surface of the rope saw top cutting equipment is adjustable, advanced construction can be continuously cut, a plurality of pieces of equipment are constructed simultaneously, and the cutting efficiency is high; the equipment is explosion-proof, water cooling is performed in the cutting process, no spark exists, and the safety is higher; various soft and hard rock layers such as sandstone, limestone, mudstone and the like can be cut, and the ferrous material can also be cut, so that the cutting tool is not influenced by the anchor rod and the anchor cable, and has wide application range; compared with chain saw top cutting, the rope saw top cutting equipment is more flexible, the cutting depth is deeper and can reach 15m, and the cutting area can reach 45m 2; low cost and simple operation, and can replace the directional roof cutting technologies such as energy-gathering blasting, hydraulic fracturing and the like. The invention provides a method and a technology for directional roof cutting of a coal mine, which have the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, continuous operation, continuous cutting of cracks, small number of operators, controllable crack direction, strong connectivity and good safety performance, are key technologies for replacing directional (energy-gathering) blasting in coal pillar-free mining, and have important popularization value.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not necessarily denote a limitation of quantity. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Although the exemplary embodiment of the underground coal mine roof cutting device 100 proposed by the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the specific embodiments described above, and various combinations of the various technical features and structures proposed by the present invention can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a colliery is top cutting device in pit, its characterized in that is applied to coal petrography roof (10) and cuts the top, is provided with tunnel (20) along the transverse direction of coal petrography roof (10), by tunnel (20) towards coal petrography roof (10) direction extension formation drilling (30), drilling (30) set up along transverse direction interval, and the top cutting span (L) between two adjacent drilling (30) forms and waits to cut coal petrography roof (10A), top cutting device (100) includes:
a drive mechanism (60) having a drive wheel (61);
the foot rests (40) are respectively matched with the corresponding drill holes (30), and one ends of the foot rests (40) are fixed on a bottom plate of the roadway (20); wherein, the foot rest (40) is provided with at least two guide wheels (41), one guide wheel (41) is positioned at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel (41) is positioned in the roadway (20);
the flexible saw (50) is sequentially wound on the guide wheels (41) of a plurality of adjacent foot stands (40), so that the flexible saw (50) forms a closed loop, the inner end (51) of the flexible saw abuts against the coal rock top plate (10A) to be cut, and the outer end (52) of the flexible saw is at least partially wound on the driving wheel (61).
2. The coal mine underground roof cutting device according to claim 1,
the flexible saw (50) is a rope saw or a chain saw.
3. The coal mine underground roof cutting device according to claim 1,
further comprising: a trolley (70) is moved,
the driving mechanism (60) is mounted in a mobile trolley (70) so that the driving mechanism (60) can move in a roadway (20) along a transverse direction to adjust the tightness between the coal rock roof (10A) to be cut and the flexible saw (50).
4. The construction method of the underground coal mine roof cutting device according to claim 3,
further comprising: the sensor is provided with a sensor which is used for detecting the position of the sensor,
the sensor is mounted on the flexible saw (50) and coupled to the drive mechanism (60) for monitoring tension information of the flexible saw (50) in real time and feeding it back to the drive mechanism (60).
5. The coal mine underground roof cutting device according to claim 3,
further comprising: a limiting wheel (42),
is arranged at one side of the foot rest (40) at one side of the moving direction of the moving trolley (70) and is used for limiting the position of the outer side end (52) of the flexible saw (50).
6. The coal mine underground roof cutting device according to claim 5,
the stopper wheel (42) is disposed at a position facing a guide wheel (41) located in the roadway (20).
7. A top cutting construction method for an underground coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10: the coal rock roof cutting method comprises the following steps that a plurality of drill holes (30) are formed in the transverse direction in a manner of extending from a roadway (20) to the coal rock roof (10) at intervals, and the coal rock roof (10A) between the spans of two adjacent drill holes (30) is formed into a coal rock roof (10A) to be cut;
s20: a foot stool (40) is arranged in each drill hole (30), and the lower end of the foot stool (40) is fixed on the bottom plate of the roadway (20); wherein, the foot rest (40) is at least pivotally provided with two guide wheels (41), one guide wheel (41) is positioned at the top cutting position, and the other guide wheel (41) is positioned in the roadway (20);
s30: the flexible saw (50) is sequentially wound on the guide wheels (41) of at least two adjacent foot stands (40), so that the inner side end (51) of the flexible saw (50) is in fit contact with the coal and rock roof (10A) to be cut, and the outer side end (52) of the flexible saw (50) is at least partially wound on the driving wheel (61) of the driving mechanism (60);
s40: the driving wheel (61) of the driving mechanism (60) drives the flexible saw (50) to transmit, so that the flexible saw (50) in contact with the coal rock roof (10A) to be cut cuts a rock body until the flexible saw (50) at the inner side end (51) cuts and moves to a top cutting position;
s50: repeating the steps S10 to S40 until the top cutting is completed.
8. The underground coal mine roof cutting construction method according to claim 7,
in step S40, the method further includes:
the driving mechanism (60) moves along the transverse direction, and the driving mechanism (60) moves in the transverse direction synchronously with the flexible saw (50) in the direction of cutting the coal rock top plate (10A) to be cut, so that the flexible saw (50) is in a tensioning state in real time.
9. The underground coal mine roof cutting construction method according to claim 8,
the driving mechanism (60) adjusts the moving speed of the driving mechanism (60) according to the tension information of the flexible saw (50).
10. The underground coal mine roof cutting construction method according to claim 8,
when the driving mechanism (60) moves along the transverse direction, a limiting wheel (42) is arranged on one side of the foot rest (40) on one side of the moving direction of the driving mechanism (60) so as to limit the position of the outer side end (52) of the flexible saw (50).
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| CN117266820A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2023-12-22 | 太原理工大学 | Hydraulic fracture propagation azimuth control method based on liquid nitrogen cooling reservoir |
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